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<document id="8545BCB254E6129729F0CDE5CE34FB3A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1217.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5064796" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625283125096" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Fuller, E. &amp; Platia, G." docDate="2006" docId="0F7C9B43FF86E929FE8DFB9F9642FE03" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01217p076.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1217 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1217.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Ctenoplus gigas Fuller &amp; Platia 2006, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="F345E33BFFC4E96DFF85FFFB9739FFFD" masterDocTitle="A revision of the click beetle genus Ctenoplus Candèze, 1863 (Coleoptera: Elateridae, Synaptina)" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1698986177451" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DB966CD2FD3C2061DF0251019326B945">A revision of the click beetle genus Ctenoplus Candèze, 1863 (Coleoptera: Elateridae, Synaptina)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="19AF598BA450AFCC129D50C5AF3CDF7B">Fuller, E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FE25585F3FDEE5A6D4917C3ECDDC3648">Platia, G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="4ED7817211AFE0DA51D3DC59A1BD553D">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="62952FEEBD940F72EFCA275E29FBC48B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1217.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0F7C9B43FF86E929FE8DFB9F9642FE03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5066817" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5066817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FF86E929FE8DFB9F9642FE03" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F7C9B43FF86E929FE8DFB9F9642FE03" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<subSubSection id="CFCF79DEFF86E92FFE8DFB9F952AFB83" box="[264,531,1124,1150]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF86E92FFE8DFB9F952AFB83" blockId="66.[264,650,1124,1185]" box="[264,531,1124,1150]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<heading id="DC229D39FF86E92FFE8DFB9F952AFB83" bold="true" box="[264,531,1124,1150]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFE8DFB9F952AFB83" bold="true" box="[264,531,1124,1150]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FF86E92FFE8DFB9F96F3FB83" authority="Fuller &amp; Platia, 2006" authorityName="Fuller &amp; Platia" authorityYear="2006" box="[264,458,1124,1150]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFE8DFB9F96F3FB83" bold="true" box="[264,458,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Ctenoplus gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE924B3CFF86E92FFE55FB9F952AFB83" box="[464,531,1124,1150]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CFCF79DEFF86E929FE8DFB7C9642FE03" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF86E92FFE8DFB7C95B3FB5C" blockId="66.[264,650,1124,1185]" box="[264,650,1159,1185]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF86E92FFE8DFB7C96BEFB5C" box="[264,391,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–43" captionStartId="14.[264,382,1697,1721]" captionTargetBox="[369,1208,554,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-170@14.[359,1241,544,1699]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31–43. Pronotal outline of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 31, C. javanensis Cand.; 32, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 33, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 34, C. indicus n. sp.; 35, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 36, C. castaneus (Fleut.); 37, C. coomani Fleut.; 38, C. divergens n. sp., a: male, b: female; 39, C. alutaceus n. sp.; 40, C. semialutaceus n. sp.; 41, C. gigas n. sp.; 42, C. cateianus n. sp.; 43, C. dorsalis n. sp. Abbreviation: bf, sublateral longitudinal incision. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064810/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Figures 41</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF86E92FFE16FB7C968AFB5C" box="[403,435,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–57" captionStartId="19.[264,382,1487,1511]" captionTargetBox="[311,1265,365,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-138@19.[264,1323,330,1493]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 50–57. Prosternal spine of Ctenoplus and Silesis species. 50–57, lateral; 58, 59, ventral. 50, C. sanguinolentus (Cand.); 51, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 52a, b, C. coomani Fleut.; 53, C. balli n. sp.; 54, C. gigas n. sp.; 55, C. divergens n. sp.; 56, C. alutaceus n. sp.; 57, C. dorsalis n. sp.; 58, C. brunneus Fleut.; 59, S. fulvus Fleut.; Abbreviations: da, dorsal apex; va, ventral apex. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064816" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064816/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">54</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF86E92FFE3AFB7C96E7FB5C" box="[447,478,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–85" captionStartId="22.[264,382,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[293,1279,326,1378]" captionTargetId="figure-207@22.[264,1323,326,1438]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 66–85. Male genitalia of Ctenoplus species, dorsal aspect unless otherwise specified. 66, C. javanensis Cand.; 67, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 68, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 69, C. nitidipennis Schwarz; 70, C. indicus n. sp.; 71, C. collaris Cand., a, dorsal, b, ventral; 72, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 73, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 74, C. siamensis n. sp.; 75, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 76, C. castaneus (Fleut.), a, dorsal, b, lateral; 77, C. coomani Fleut.; 78, C. divergens n. sp.; 79, C. alutaceus n. sp., a, dorsal, b, lateral; 80, C. semialutaceus n. sp.; 81, C. balli n. sp.; 82, C. girardianus n. sp.; 83, C. gigas n. sp.; 84, C. cateianus n. sp.; 85, C. deceptus n. sp. Abbreviations: st, median struts; pa, parameres; ph, phallobase. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064822/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">83</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF86E92FFE6EFB7C9520FB5C" box="[491,537,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–106" captionStartId="30.[264,382,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[341,1253,875,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-246@30.[319,1281,865,1761]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 98–106. Female genitalia of Ctenoplus species. 98, C. coomani Fleut.; 99, C. brunneus Fleut.; 100, C. divergens n. sp.; 101, C. alutaceus n. sp.; 102, C. balli n. sp.; 103, C. girardianus n. sp.; 104, C. gigas n. sp.; 105, C. cateianus n. sp.; 106, C. deceptus n. sp. Abbreviations: sd, tubular extension. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064828/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">104</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF86E92FFDA0FB7C956BFB5C" box="[549,594,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 112" captionStartId="63.[264,367,1371,1395]" captionTargetBox="[330,1251,632,1350]" captionTargetId="figure-186@63.[330,1251,632,1396]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 112. Distribution of Ctenoplus species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064842/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">112</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF86E92FFDDAFB7C95B3FB5C" box="[607,650,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–116" captionStartId="69.[264,382,1002,1026]" captionTargetBox="[280,1303,516,988]" captionTargetId="figure-325@69.[268,1320,516,989]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 113–116. Ctenoplus species, habitus. 113, C. cateianus, n. sp.; 114, C. gigas n. sp.; 115, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 116, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064846/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">114</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF86E92FFE8DFB2C9646FB0D" blockId="66.[264,1323,1239,1385]" box="[264,383,1239,1264]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFE8DFB2C9646FB0D" box="[264,383,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF86E92FFEBDFB049423FA94" blockId="66.[264,1323,1239,1385]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
Large unicoloured brown
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FF86E92FFDECFB0495D9FAE5" box="[617,736,1279,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFDECFB0495D9FAE5" box="[617,736,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Ctenoplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF86E92FFD75FB04946AFAE4" box="[752,851,1279,1305]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–116" captionStartId="69.[264,382,1002,1026]" captionTargetBox="[280,1303,516,988]" captionTargetId="figure-325@69.[268,1320,516,989]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 113–116. Ctenoplus species, habitus. 113, C. cateianus, n. sp.; 114, C. gigas n. sp.; 115, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 116, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064846/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 114</figureCitation>
) with a relatively short, wide prosternal spine, a distinctly lobed tarsomere 4 and relatively fine tarsal claws.
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FF86E92FFBB1FADC93AFFABD" authorityName="Fuller &amp; Platia" authorityYear="2006" box="[1076,1174,1319,1344]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFBB1FADC93AFFABD" box="[1076,1174,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FF86E92FFE8DFAB49659FA95" authority="Fuller &amp; Platia, 2006" authorityName="Fuller &amp; Platia" authorityYear="2006" box="[264,352,1359,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFE8DFAB49659FA95" box="[264,352,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. balli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFEE2FAB59693FA95" bold="true" box="[359,426,1358,1384]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE924B3CFF86E92FFEE2FAB59693FA95" box="[359,426,1358,1384]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; for a comparison, see
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FF86E92FFD3EFAB4942AFA95" authorityName="Fuller &amp; Platia" authorityYear="2006" box="[699,787,1359,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balli">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFD3EFAB4942AFA95" box="[699,787,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. balli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF86E92FFE8DFA6496ABFA45" blockId="66.[264,1323,1439,1905]" box="[264,402,1439,1464]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFE8DFA6496ABFA45" box="[264,402,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF86E92FFEBDFA3C9470FA1C" blockId="66.[264,1323,1439,1905]" box="[312,841,1479,1505]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
As in
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FF86E92FFEF8FA3C96CDFA1D" box="[381,500,1479,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFEF8FA3C96CDFA1D" box="[381,500,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Ctenoplus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FF86E92FFDA8FA3C95BFFA1D" authorityName="Fuller &amp; Platia" authorityYear="2006" box="[557,646,1479,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balli">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF86E92FFDA8FA3C95BFFA1D" box="[557,646,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. balli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except as noted.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF86E92FFEBDFA1494CCF9CC" blockId="66.[264,1323,1439,1905]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Body and elytra dark brownish­red; antennae, legs and palpi yellowish­brown; setae opaque pale yellow. Length: 12.5–15.0 mm; width 3.0–4.0 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF86E92FFEBDF9C4966BF904" blockId="66.[264,1323,1439,1905]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Head. Punctures coarse, shallow to moderately deep. Eyes relatively large, ocular index, males 58–60, females 57–63. Antennae reaching to or slightly posterad apex of pronotal hind angles; antennomere 2 elongate, subcylindrical, antennomere 3 elongate, subcylindrical to subtriangular, antennomeres 4–10 elongate, about 2X as long as distal width.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF86E92EFEBDF8FC944BFE53" blockId="66.[264,1323,1439,1905]" lastBlockId="67.[264,1323,284,1350]" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
Prothorax. Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF86E92FFDCDF8FC959CF8DC" box="[584,677,1799,1825]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–43" captionStartId="14.[264,382,1697,1721]" captionTargetBox="[369,1208,554,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-170@14.[359,1241,544,1699]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31–43. Pronotal outline of Ctenoplus species, dorsal. 31, C. javanensis Cand.; 32, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 33, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 34, C. indicus n. sp.; 35, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 36, C. castaneus (Fleut.); 37, C. coomani Fleut.; 38, C. divergens n. sp., a: male, b: female; 39, C. alutaceus n. sp.; 40, C. semialutaceus n. sp.; 41, C. gigas n. sp.; 42, C. cateianus n. sp.; 43, C. dorsalis n. sp. Abbreviation: bf, sublateral longitudinal incision. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064810/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
): carina of hind angles about 1/3 pronotal length in lateral aspect. Hypomeron: mesal smooth border bearing 7–8 punctures and variably developed lateral projection adjacent to procoxa. Prosternum densely punctured from anterior margin to procoxae, punctures subequal to hypomeral punctures anteriorly, slightly smaller posteriorly; prosternal spine (
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF87E92EFCBDFEBF94AFFEA3" box="[824,918,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–57" captionStartId="19.[264,382,1487,1511]" captionTargetBox="[311,1265,365,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-138@19.[264,1323,330,1493]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 50–57. Prosternal spine of Ctenoplus and Silesis species. 50–57, lateral; 58, 59, ventral. 50, C. sanguinolentus (Cand.); 51, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 52a, b, C. coomani Fleut.; 53, C. balli n. sp.; 54, C. gigas n. sp.; 55, C. divergens n. sp.; 56, C. alutaceus n. sp.; 57, C. dorsalis n. sp.; 58, C. brunneus Fleut.; 59, S. fulvus Fleut.; Abbreviations: da, dorsal apex; va, ventral apex. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064816" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064816/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
): ventral apex slightly produced, forming ventral surface of U­shaped ridge around posterior vertical margin, U­shaped ridge accentuating medial ridge on posterior surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF87E92EFEBDFE479393FD8B" blockId="67.[264,1323,284,1350]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Mesothorax. Scutellum flat to slightly convex. Mesosternum: declivous beaded margin of cavity almost vertical; raised margin between mesocoxae robust. Mesepisternum punctured and setose in anterior 1/2 like mesosternum. Elytra: striae weakly impressed; apices with small, variably developed tooth, otherwise broadly rounded to subtruncate; left elytron slightly longer than right elytron in most specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF87E92EFEBDFD7F966BFD3B" blockId="67.[264,1323,284,1350]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Metathorax. Metasternum: carina posterad mesocoxa about 2.5X as long as basal width.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF87E92EFEBDFD2F9693FCEB" blockId="67.[264,1323,284,1350]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Legs. Tarsomere 4 with small but distinct lobe; claw with apical tine about 2X length of other tines.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF87E92EFEBDFCDF96CDFB33" blockId="67.[264,1323,284,1350]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
Abdomen. Terga relatively lightly sclerotized; spiracles partially enclosed on terga 2–6. Ventrites with punctures almost contiguous throughout; ventrite 5 about as long as basal width, bearing scattered longer and slightly thicker setae. Male genitalia,
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF87E92EFB49FC8F921CFC73" box="[1228,1317,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–85" captionStartId="22.[264,382,1424,1448]" captionTargetBox="[293,1279,326,1378]" captionTargetId="figure-207@22.[264,1323,326,1438]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 66–85. Male genitalia of Ctenoplus species, dorsal aspect unless otherwise specified. 66, C. javanensis Cand.; 67, C. sumatrensis n. sp.; 68, C. sanguinolentoides n. sp.; 69, C. nitidipennis Schwarz; 70, C. indicus n. sp.; 71, C. collaris Cand., a, dorsal, b, ventral; 72, C. pseudocollaris n. sp.; 73, C. neosiamensis n. sp.; 74, C. siamensis n. sp.; 75, C. rufoantennatus n. sp.; 76, C. castaneus (Fleut.), a, dorsal, b, lateral; 77, C. coomani Fleut.; 78, C. divergens n. sp.; 79, C. alutaceus n. sp., a, dorsal, b, lateral; 80, C. semialutaceus n. sp.; 81, C. balli n. sp.; 82, C. girardianus n. sp.; 83, C. gigas n. sp.; 84, C. cateianus n. sp.; 85, C. deceptus n. sp. Abbreviations: st, median struts; pa, parameres; ph, phallobase. Scale bar = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064822/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 83</figureCitation>
; parameres converging anteriorly on ventral surface, separated at base by about width of ejaculatory duct; parameres with 2 dorsal and 1–3 ventral subapical setae; size of basal piece variable (see Variation); slope of mesal margin of parameres variable in dorsal aspect; articulation between basal piece and parameres darkly pigmented and conspicuous. Female genitalia,
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF87E92EFE5DFBC79505FBAB" box="[472,572,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–106" captionStartId="30.[264,382,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[341,1253,875,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-246@30.[319,1281,865,1761]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 98–106. Female genitalia of Ctenoplus species. 98, C. coomani Fleut.; 99, C. brunneus Fleut.; 100, C. divergens n. sp.; 101, C. alutaceus n. sp.; 102, C. balli n. sp.; 103, C. girardianus n. sp.; 104, C. gigas n. sp.; 105, C. cateianus n. sp.; 106, C. deceptus n. sp. Abbreviations: sd, tubular extension. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064828/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 104</figureCitation>
; bursal plates subreniform, symmetrical; tubular extension: very long,
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF87E92EFEC9FB9F96ADFB80" box="[332,404,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">in situ</emphasis>
coiled irregularly dorsad bursa; spines grading from short and fine at base, to longer, thicker and denser about mid­length, to thinner, sparser and less pigmented at apex; spermatheca absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF87E92EFEBDFB2793E3FABB" blockId="67.[264,1323,284,1350]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
Variation. The size of the basal piece of the male genitalia is variable. In a
<typeStatus id="586E94F7FF87E92EFB43FB279212FB0B" box="[1222,1323,1244,1270]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from Cuc Phuong, the basal piece is about 1/4 longer and ventral posterior emargination shallower and more rounded anteriorly than the illustrated
<typeStatus id="586E94F7FF87E92EFC3FFAD79326FABB" box="[954,1055,1324,1350]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from Tam Dao.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF87E92EFE8DFA87955CFA68" blockId="67.[264,1323,1404,1830]" box="[264,613,1404,1429]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF87E92EFE8DFA87955CFA68" box="[264,613,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Material examined and range</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF87E92EFEBDFA5F9239F8DB" blockId="67.[264,1323,1404,1830]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FF87E92EFEBDFA5F93CDFA1B" collectingDate="1991-05-16" collectingDateMax="1991-05-23" collectingDateMin="1991-05-16" collectionCode="CCW" collectorName="Coll. Strnad" country="Vietnam" elevation="900" location="TamDao" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="17" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="11" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFEBDFA5F9651FA4A" box="[312,360,1443,1470]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="male">11♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFEF3FA5F96A0FA4A" box="[374,409,1443,1470]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
, 1 undetermined sex.
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF87E92EFD1BFA5F940CFA43" bold="true" box="[670,821,1444,1470]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<collectingCountry id="FFC26AC5FF87E92EFD1BFA5F9409FA43" box="[670,816,1444,1470]" name="Vietnam" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="586E94F7FF87E92EFCB8FA5F9493FA43" box="[829,938,1444,1470]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female, “Vietnam N.,
<location id="820A7C8EFF87E92EFB30FA5F9220FA43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FF86E929FE8DFB9F9642FE03:820A7C8EFF87E92EFB30FA5F9220FA43" box="[1205,1305,1444,1470]" country="Vietnam" name="TamDao" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">TamDao</location>
­
<quantity id="402D87B0FF87E92EFE8DFA379677FA1B" box="[264,334,1484,1510]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="900.0">
<elevation id="0CF8CD66FF87E92EFE8DFA379677FA1B" box="[264,334,1484,1510]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="900.0">900m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="F36B0C95FF87E92EFEDFFA3796C2FA1B" box="[346,507,1484,1510]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1991-05-16" valueMax="1991-05-23" valueMin="1991-05-16">
<collectingDate id="E32FF57DFF87E92EFEDFFA3796C2FA1B" box="[346,507,1484,1510]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1991-05-16" valueMax="1991-05-23" valueMin="1991-05-16">16–23.v.1991</collectingDate>
</date>
, Strnad Jan lgt”/ “
<collectorName id="2A204F83FF87E92EFD57FA37945DFA1B" box="[722,868,1484,1510]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Coll. Strnad</collectorName>
”/ “Cate Coll.” [
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFB9AFA379352FA1B" box="[1055,1131,1484,1510]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/64k1-p68m" name="Casper College" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">CCW</collectionCode>
].
<typeStatus id="586E94F7FF87E92EFBFBFA3793CDFA1B" box="[1150,1268,1484,1510]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FF87E92EFB7AFA3794F1F9F3" collectingDate="1991-05-16" collectingDateMax="1991-05-23" collectingDateMin="1991-05-16" collectionCode="CRG, CPG, CCW, ERFC" collectorName="Coll. Strnad" country="Vietnam" elevation="900" location="TamDao" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFB7AFA37921DFA22" box="[1279,1316,1483,1510]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFE8DFA0F9612F9FA" box="[264,299,1523,1550]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, with same data as holotype [
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFD0AFA0F95F7F9F3" box="[655,718,1524,1550]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">CRG</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFD5EFA0F942DF9F3" box="[731,788,1524,1550]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">CPG</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFCA4FA0F945DF9F3" box="[801,868,1524,1550]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/64k1-p68m" name="Casper College" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">CCW</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFCF4FA0F94F8F9F3" box="[881,961,1524,1550]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">ERFC</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FF87E92EFC53FA0F964EF9A3" collectingDate="1985-11-06" collectingDateMax="1986-06-02" collectingDateMin="1985-11-06" collectionCode="VI" collectorName="Coll. Strnad" country="Vietnam" elevation="900" location="TamDao" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="3" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFC53FA0F94C1F9FA" box="[982,1016,1523,1550]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFB8DFA0F9313F9FA" box="[1032,1066,1523,1550]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, 1 undetermined sex, from same locality as holotype, collected “27.5–
<date id="F36B0C95FF87E92EFC07F9E794CAF9CB" box="[898,1011,1564,1590]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1986-06-02">
<collectingDate id="E32FF57DFF87E92EFC07F9E794CAF9CB" box="[898,1011,1564,1590]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1986-06-02">2.6.1986</collectingDate>
</date>
&quot;(1), “3.6–
<date id="F36B0C95FF87E92EFBEBF9E793C0F9CB" box="[1134,1273,1564,1590]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1985-11-06">
<collectingDate id="E32FF57DFF87E92EFBEBF9E793C0F9CB" box="[1134,1273,1564,1590]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1985-11-06">11.6. 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
&quot;(4), “
<date id="F36B0C95FF87E92EFE96F9BF964EF9A3" box="[275,375,1604,1630]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1989-06-03" valueMax="1989-06-10" valueMin="1989-06-03">
3–10.
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFED1F9BF964EF9A3" box="[340,375,1604,1630]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">VI</collectionCode>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.1989&quot; (1) collected by
<collectorName id="2A204F83FF87E92EFD17F9BF95C0F9A3" box="[658,761,1604,1630]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Jan Visa</collectorName>
, V.
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FF87E92EFCADF9BF93CBF9A3" box="[808,1266,1604,1630]" collectionCode="CBP" collectorName="Svinhlo, A" country="Vietnam" location="Olexa" municipality="Pioka" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectorName id="2A204F83FF87E92EFCADF9BF9494F9A3" box="[808,941,1604,1630]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Svinhlo, A</collectorName>
.
<location id="820A7C8EFF87E92EFC3FF9BF9339F9A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FF86E929FE8DFB9F9642FE03:820A7C8EFF87E92EFC3FF9BF9339F9A3" box="[954,1024,1604,1630]" country="Vietnam" municipality="Pioka" name="Olexa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Olexa</location>
and J.
<collectingMunicipality id="670EB02FFF87E92EFBDDF9BF93A2F9A3" box="[1112,1179,1604,1630]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Pioka</collectingMunicipality>
[
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFB29F9BF93D2F9A3" box="[1196,1259,1604,1630]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">CBP</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FF87E92EFA84F9BF949BF953" collectingDate="1966-06-06" collectionCode="R, ZMPA" collectorName="B. Pisarski &amp; Inst. Zool. P. A. N. Warszawa" country="Laos" location="Cuc-Phuong" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Ninh Binh" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFA84F9BF921DF9AA" box="[1281,1316,1603,1630]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, “Vietnam,
<location id="820A7C8EFF87E92EFE09F9979518F97B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FF86E929FE8DFB9F9642FE03:820A7C8EFF87E92EFE09F9979518F97B" box="[396,545,1644,1670]" country="Laos" name="Cuc-Phuong" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" stateProvince="Ninh Binh">Cuc­Phuong</location>
, prov.
<collectingRegion id="4511E4B7FF87E92EFDFFF99795C4F97B" box="[634,765,1644,1670]" country="Vietnam" name="Ninh Binh" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Ninh Binh</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="F36B0C95FF87E92EFC88F9979447F97B" box="[781,894,1644,1670]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1966-06-06">
<collectingDate id="E32FF57DFF87E92EFC88F9979447F97B" box="[781,894,1644,1670]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1966-06-06">6.vi.1966</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFC42F99794E7F97B" box="[967,990,1644,1670]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">R</collectionCode>
. Bielawski et
<collectorName id="2A204F83FF87E92EFB17F9979221F97B" box="[1170,1304,1644,1670]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">B. Pisarski</collectorName>
”/ “
<collectorName id="2A204F83FF87E92EFE96F96F9548F953" box="[275,625,1684,1710]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Inst. Zool. P.A.N. Warszawa</collectorName>
, 52/66&quot; [
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFD65F96F9401F953" box="[736,824,1684,1710]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">ZMPA</collectionCode>
].
<collectingCountry id="FFC26AC5FF87E92EFCCBF96F949BF953" box="[846,930,1684,1710]" name="Laos" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF87E92EFCCBF96F949BF953" bold="true" box="[846,930,1684,1710]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">LAOS</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF87E92EFC27F96F949EF953" bold="true" box="[930,935,1684,1710]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FF87E92EFC36F96F93CCF92B" collectionCode="CRG, ERFC" country="Laos" location="Ban Kang Prabang" municipality="Hauck" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Houaphan" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFC36F96F94ECF95A" box="[947,981,1683,1710]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFC62F96F9333F95A" box="[999,1034,1683,1710]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, “NE
<collectingCountry id="FFC26AC5FF87E92EFBDEF96F93ADF953" box="[1115,1172,1684,1710]" name="Laos" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Laos</collectingCountry>
­
<collectingRegion id="4511E4B7FF87E92EFB31F96F9671F92B" country="Laos" name="Houaphan" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Hua Phan Prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<locationDeviation id="96D83377FF87E92EFED6F9479571F92B" box="[339,584,1724,1750]" location="Vieng Xai" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<quantity id="402D87B0FF87E92EFED6F94796A4F92B" box="[339,413,1724,1750]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
SE Vieng Xai
</locationDeviation>
,
<location id="820A7C8EFF87E92EFDD1F947940DF92B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FF86E929FE8DFB9F9642FE03:820A7C8EFF87E92EFDD1F947940DF92B" box="[596,820,1724,1750]" country="Laos" municipality="Hauck" name="Ban Kang Prabang" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" stateProvince="Houaphan">Ban Kang Prabang</location>
, 14.18.v.01, D.
<collectingMunicipality id="670EB02FFF87E92EFC68F9479304F92B" box="[1005,1085,1724,1750]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Hauck</collectingMunicipality>
” [
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFBD1F94793AAF92B" box="[1108,1171,1724,1750]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">CRG</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFB1AF94793D6F92B" box="[1183,1263,1724,1750]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">ERFC</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="37BD2008FF87E92EFA84F94793C5F8DB" collectingDate="2000-04-26" collectionCode="V, CRG" collectorName="D. Hauck" country="Laos" county="Phu Phan Mt." location="Huan Phan Prov." municipality="Ban Saluei" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="91D3E1DCFF87E92EFA84F947921DF932" box="[1281,1316,1723,1750]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, “NE
<collectingCountry id="FFC26AC5FF87E92EFEC6F91F9645F903" box="[323,380,1764,1790]" name="Laos" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Laos</collectingCountry>
­
<location id="820A7C8EFF87E92EFE16F91F9562F903" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C9B43FF86E929FE8DFB9F9642FE03:820A7C8EFF87E92EFE16F91F9562F903" box="[403,603,1764,1790]" country="Laos" county="Phu Phan Mt." municipality="Ban Saluei" name="Huan Phan Prov." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Huan Phan Prov.</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="670EB02FFF87E92EFDE3F91F95D1F903" box="[614,744,1764,1790]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Ban Saluei</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="6E0B52D9FF87E92EFD76F91F94ACF903" box="[755,917,1764,1790]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Phu Phan Mt.</collectingCounty>
, m 1500–
<date id="F36B0C95FF87E92EFB8DF91F93A0F903" box="[1032,1177,1764,1790]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="2000-04-26">
<collectingDate id="E32FF57DFF87E92EFB8DF91F93A0F903" box="[1032,1177,1764,1790]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="2000-04-26">2000, 26.IV.</collectingDate>
</date>
–11.
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFB4CF91F93D9F903" box="[1225,1248,1764,1790]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.01,
<collectorName id="2A204F83FF87E92EFA88F91F966EF8DB" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">D. Hauck</collectorName>
” [
<collectionCode id="E1C4B290FF87E92EFEF5F8F7968CF8DB" box="[368,437,1804,1830]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">CRG</collectionCode>
].
<taxonomicName id="40D551D6FF87E92EFE42F8F79510F8D8" authorityName="Fuller &amp; Platia" authorityYear="2006" box="[455,553,1804,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Ctenoplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF87E92EFE42F8F79510F8D8" box="[455,553,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">C. gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from northern
<collectingCountry id="FFC26AC5FF87E92EFCC8F8F79489F8DB" box="[845,944,1804,1830]" name="Vietnam" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
and eastern
<collectingCountry id="FFC26AC5FF87E92EFBC1F8F79344F8DB" box="[1092,1149,1804,1830]" name="Laos" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Laos</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1FEE36D0FF87E92EFB08F8F793CBF8DB" box="[1165,1266,1804,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 112" captionStartId="63.[264,367,1371,1395]" captionTargetBox="[330,1251,632,1350]" captionTargetId="figure-186@63.[330,1251,632,1396]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 112. Distribution of Ctenoplus species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5064842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5064842/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 112</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF80E929FE8DFEE79374FEA3" blockId="68.[264,1101,284,350]" box="[264,1101,284,350]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF80E929FE8DFEE796BCFEC8" box="[264,389,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Etymology</emphasis>
The species epithet refers to the relatively large size of this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF80E929FE8DFE6F9682FE50" blockId="68.[264,1324,404,510]" box="[264,443,404,429]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B5A1F647FF80E929FE8DFE6F9682FE50" box="[264,443,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Natural history</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876A2A55FF80E929FEBDFE479642FE03" blockId="68.[264,1324,404,510]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
Specimens have been collected between 26 April and 11 June, from
<quantity id="402D87B0FF80E929FBF0FE479232FE2B" box="[1141,1291,444,470]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1450.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="900.0">900–2000 m</quantity>
in elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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