483 lines
58 KiB
XML
483 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="A91E691626BD5053FB6646AC8B50B6F5" ID-CLB-Dataset="5009" ID-DOI="10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.555" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e262c926-f4ae-4a2c-87ff-5478e60e7520" ID-ISSN="1938-4394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4790787" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1621947238260" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Gilbert, Arthur J. & Clark, Shawn M." docDate="2020" docId="03E187F86979FF96FD6E66B2FCBBC5C3" docLanguage="en" docName="TheColeopBull.74.3.555-562.pdf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.555" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D94AA43905A5ECAD3A4A280834A9134.5:TheColeopBull.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="6D94AA43905A5ECAD3A4A280834A9134" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Spintherophyta punctum Gilbert and Clark 2020, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="559" masterDocId="FFD8FF806978FF92FFAF6452FFC9C301" masterDocTitle="A New Species of Spintherophyta Dejean, 1836 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae) from the California Channel Islands, USA" masterLastPageNumber="562" masterPageNumber="555" pageNumber="556" updateTime="1698989834946" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="955610F507DACED6735B318484CC8B1A">A New Species of Spintherophyta Dejean, 1836 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae) from the California Channel Islands, USA</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81928B5511035BE4489E95E483F03994">Gilbert, Arthur J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DF93C778D78773236A3F5F32CCB40137">Clark, Shawn M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="57FE1AD3629DD96B5EA9B4037E80C268">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1BA4CB74AF3E0C224353FD5B00BADA14">The Coleopterists Bulletin</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="ACCBA31FBDB5F4C8FEF8DDE1EEB6A63B">
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<mods:date id="0C3BA674C4DCF418ACD8877582BAE33C">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FA62E310CEBE127E16D9F6980B92460C">2020-09-09</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E187F86979FF96FD6E66B2FCBBC5C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5191461" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184096786" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5191461" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7C0EEB8C-7F7B-4E84-A484-4E2139193BA3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E187F86979FF96FD6E66B2FCBBC5C3" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="559" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">
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<paragraph id="8BF736EE6979FF93FD6E66B2FC12C011" blockId="1.[705,1152,736,864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FD6E66B2FC12C011" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D6979FF93FD6E66B2FBB5C1F4" authority="Gilbert and Clark" authorityName="Gilbert and Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[705,1148,736,757]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FD6E66B2FC71C1F4" bold="true" box="[705,952,736,757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Spintherophyta punctum</emphasis>
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Gilbert and Clark
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F57876979FF93FCC966A9FC12C011" box="[870,987,763,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF736EE6979FF93FD436744FC27C061" blockId="1.[705,1152,736,864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">
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zoobank.org/
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFEE0C3B6979FF93FD6D6762FB49C044" box="[706,1152,816,837]" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">7C0EEB8C-7F7B-4E84-A484-4E2139193BA3</uuid>
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</uri>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13732A6B6979FF93FCF56719FC7FC061" box="[858,950,842,864]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,236,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[179,1187,198,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-298@2.[175,1190,194,1076]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Spintherophyta punctum, new species. 1) Dorsal view; 2) Lateral view; 3) Head, frontal view; 4) Lid of original pillbox containing 11 of the specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790801/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13732A6B6979FF93FC6C6719FC2FC061" box="[963,998,842,864]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[197,236,687,706]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,196,669]" captionTargetId="figure-568@4.[175,1190,194,671]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 8–9. Spintherophyta punctum, new species, aedeagus. 8) Dorsal view; 9) Lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790848/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">8–9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35265656979FF93FD6A6727FC1BC618" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF736EE6979FF93FD6A6727FC1BC618" blockId="1.[685,1173,884,1730]" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FD6A6727FCE4C08B" bold="true" box="[709,813,885,906]" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Among the
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<collectingCountry id="F35F767E6979FF93FC076727FBE1C08B" box="[936,1064,885,906]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">United States</collectingCountry>
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species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D6979FF93FB2D6726FD36C0A4" authorityName="Gilbert and Clark" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FB2D6726FD36C0A4" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">S. punctum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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most closely resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D6979FF93FBAC67DDFB47C0A4" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" box="[1027,1166,911,933]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FBAC67DDFBC6C0A4" box="[1027,1039,911,933]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">S</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FB8D67C2FB47C0A4" box="[1058,1166,912,933]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">arizonensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Using Schultz’ s (1976) key to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D6979FF93FBAC67FBFD38C0DB" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FBAC67FBFB5AC0BE" box="[1027,1171,937,959]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Spintherophyta</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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in America north of
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<collectingCountry id="F35F767E6979FF93FC4F6797FBE2C0DB" box="[992,1067,965,986]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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, this new species would be identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D6979FF93FC75678DFBA8C0F4" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" box="[986,1121,991,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FC75678DFC2FC0F4" box="[986,998,991,1013]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FC5A67B2FBA8C0F4" box="[1013,1121,992,1013]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">arizonensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The two species are of similar size and coloration, and both have the prosternum recurved ventrally. However, the strongly alutaceous surface and dense, coarse punctation of the pronotum (
|
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<figureCitation id="13732A6B6979FF93FB8A6018FB4EC75E" box="[1061,1159,1097,1119]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,236,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[179,1187,198,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-298@2.[175,1190,194,1076]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Spintherophyta punctum, new species. 1) Dorsal view; 2) Lateral view; 3) Head, frontal view; 4) Lid of original pillbox containing 11 of the specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790801/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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), along with the much more coarsely punctate elytra of
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D6979FF93FD63602CFCF3C795" authorityName="Gilbert and Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[716,826,1150,1172]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FD63602CFD11C795" box="[716,728,1150,1172]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FD47602DFCF3C795" box="[744,826,1151,1172]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">punctum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13732A6B6979FF93FCE4602DFC65C795" box="[843,940,1150,1172]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,236,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[179,1187,198,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-298@2.[175,1190,194,1076]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Spintherophyta punctum, new species. 1) Dorsal view; 2) Lateral view; 3) Head, frontal view; 4) Lid of original pillbox containing 11 of the specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790801/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
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), will separate the two species. The aedeagus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D6979FF93FC0C60CBFBC4C7AE" authorityName="Gilbert and Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[931,1037,1177,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FC0C60CBFBC4C7AE" box="[931,1037,1177,1199]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">S. punctum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13732A6B6979FF93FBB460CBFBBCC7AF" box="[1051,1141,1177,1199]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[197,236,687,706]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,196,669]" captionTargetId="figure-568@4.[175,1190,194,671]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 8–9. Spintherophyta punctum, new species, aedeagus. 8) Dorsal view; 9) Lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790848/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Figs. 8–9</figureCitation>
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) is similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D6979FF93FCE460E1FC04C7C8" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" box="[843,973,1203,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FCE460E1FC9EC7C8" box="[843,855,1203,1225]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FCCE60E6FC04C7C8" box="[865,973,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">arizonensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in lateral perspective but distinctly different in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13732A6B6979FF93FBB9609CFB41C7E2" box="[1046,1160,1230,1252]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[175,214,741,760]" captionTargetBox="[156,1166,196,723]" captionTargetId="figure-467@5.[154,1169,194,725]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 10–11. Spintherophyta arizonensis, aedeagus. 10) Dorsal view; 11) Lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790904/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Figs. 10–11</figureCitation>
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). See the Description and Comments sections below for more detailed information.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35265656979FF96FD6A614CFEC9C0A4" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="559" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE6979FF91FD6A614CFD86C5C3" blockId="1.[685,1173,884,1730]" lastBlockId="3.[151,639,1257,1730]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="558" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">
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||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FD6A614CFC25C632" bold="true" box="[709,1004,1310,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">
|
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Description.
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<typeStatus id="54F3884C6979FF93FCE3614CFC61C632" box="[844,936,1310,1331]" pageId="1" pageNumber="556" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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Male.
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</emphasis>
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Body, in dorsal view, oval, with pronotum nearly as wide as elytra (
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<figureCitation id="13732A6B6979FF93FD1B6101FD26C669" box="[692,751,1363,1384]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,236,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[179,1187,198,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-298@2.[175,1190,194,1076]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Spintherophyta punctum, new species. 1) Dorsal view; 2) Lateral view; 3) Head, frontal view; 4) Lid of original pillbox containing 11 of the specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790801/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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); length 3.2 mm; width 2.0 mm. Body, in lateral aspect, with dorsal outline convex, with ventral outline flat (
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<figureCitation id="13732A6B6979FF93FCD861DAFC7EC69C" box="[887,951,1416,1437]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,236,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[179,1187,198,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-298@2.[175,1190,194,1076]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Spintherophyta punctum, new species. 1) Dorsal view; 2) Lateral view; 3) Head, frontal view; 4) Lid of original pillbox containing 11 of the specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790801/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). Head and pronotum alutaceous, bright green; elytra shiny bright blue; venter black; femora dark with greenish luster; tibiae mostly dark with greenish luster, except distal end testaceous; tarsi reddish-brown without luster; antennomeres 1–6 testaceous, 7–11 dark-brown, expanded.
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<emphasis id="B93CEAFC6979FF93FC8C627AFC90C53C" bold="true" box="[803,857,1576,1597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Head</emphasis>
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alutaceous, glabrous, deeply, coarsely punctate (
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<figureCitation id="13732A6B6979FF93FCC76210FC6FC556" box="[872,934,1602,1623]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,236,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[179,1187,198,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-298@2.[175,1190,194,1076]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Spintherophyta punctum, new species. 1) Dorsal view; 2) Lateral view; 3) Head, frontal view; 4) Lid of original pillbox containing 11 of the specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790801/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="556">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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); vertex with punctures separated by width of puncture; frons coarsely punctured, less densely than vertex, with punctures separated by more than width of puncture; clypeus punctured like vertex, widely, shallowly emarginate; frontoclypeal suture obsolete; eyes oblong, nearly twice as long as wide; concave near antennal fossa. Mouthparts enlarged (compared to female), reddishbrown; labrum shallowly concave, with short setae; maxillae and labium with terminal palpomeres attenuate towards apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FE07616BFDC1C64F" bold="true" box="[424,520,1337,1358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
extending to middle of elytron; antennomere 1 about twice as long as broad, glabrous; antennomere 2 about equal in length and width, much narrower and shorter than antennomere 1, glabrous; antennomeres 3–6 sparsely pubescent, subequal in length; antennomeres 7–11 densely covered with very short pubescence and with a few longer setae, each antennomere about as long as broad, about twice as broad as each of antennomeres 2–6; antennomere 11 about as broad as 10, but distinctly longer, attenuate towards apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FE3F620FFE3EC573" bold="true" box="[400,503,1629,1650]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
about twice as wide as long, nearly as wide posteriad as distance across elytral base, arcuately narrowed to anterolateral corners, with anterolateral edge transitioning smoothly with head; anterior edge with minute, smooth marginal bead; posterior edge not margined; lateral edges with distinct, thin, flattened marginal bead; discal surface distinctly alutaceous, densely and deeply punctate, with punctures larger than those of frons or vertex, but smaller than those of elytra; many punctures contiguous, with some tending to be elongated towards lateral margin. Scutellar shield metallic black with greenish luster, equilaterally triangular; surface glabrous, shining, impunctate.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FC9261ECFCB7C6D2" bold="true" box="[829,894,1470,1491]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">Elytra</emphasis>
|
||
slightly broader at base than posterior portion of prothorax, of uniform width until curving inward towards apex. Humeri prominent. Punctures next to suture large, seriate, separated from each other by distance equal to about half width of puncture; remaining punctures larger, separated by distance less than a quarter width of puncture. Vague costa present along lateral posterior half of each elytron. Interpunctural areas glabrous, shiny. Epipleuron gradually narrowed from base to apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FE8660BBFEBCC7FF" bold="true" box="[297,373,1257,1278]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Ventral</emphasis>
|
||
areas black, not metallic, glabrous, entirely impunctate, except prosternum. Prosternum coarsely punctate, as wide as a coxa medially, slightly expanded posteriad of coxae, with apical, ventrally projecting lip; front coxal cavities closed. Abdominal ventrites each with one or two long, centrally located setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FDB861DBFD8EC69F" bold="true" box="[535,583,1417,1438]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
with profemur black with greenish luster, except reddishbrown basally. Procoxae pubescent. Tibiae black with greenish luster, except apical tip testaceous. Tarsi reddish-brown; first tarsomere expanded on pro- and mesotarsi, tarsal claws appendiculate.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FF38627AFF30C53C" bold="true" box="[151,249,1576,1597]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Aedeagus</emphasis>
|
||
, in dorsal view, broad in basal fourth, narrowed in middle third, broad near distal fourth, with apical fifth gradually narrowed to bluntly pointed tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13732A6B697BFF91FF11622AFF31C58C" box="[190,248,1656,1677]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[197,236,687,706]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,196,669]" captionTargetId="figure-568@4.[175,1190,194,671]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 8–9. Spintherophyta punctum, new species, aedeagus. 8) Dorsal view; 9) Lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790848/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). In lateral view, aedeagus evenly curved along entire length, except towards base; distal portion gradually narrowed to acute apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13732A6B697BFF91FDA662FFFD8AC5C3" box="[521,579,1709,1730]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[197,236,687,706]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,196,669]" captionTargetId="figure-568@4.[175,1190,194,671]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 8–9. Spintherophyta punctum, new species, aedeagus. 8) Dorsal view; 9) Lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790848/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF376666697AFF90FF6A6016FDA8C76E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790801" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4790801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790801/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="557" startId="2.[197,236,1092,1111]" targetBox="[179,1187,198,1073]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE697AFF90FF6A6016FDA8C76E" blockId="2.[173,1193,1091,1135]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FF6A6016FED5C756" bold="true" box="[197,284,1092,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">Figs. 1–4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697AFF90FE9E6011FDCBC757" authority="Gilbert & Clark, 2020" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[305,514,1091,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="557" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FE9E6011FDCBC757" box="[305,514,1091,1110]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">Spintherophyta punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FDA06016FDB3C756" bold="true" box="[527,634,1092,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F5787697AFF90FDA06016FDB3C756" box="[527,634,1092,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FD296016FD51C756" bold="true" box="[646,664,1092,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">1)</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FCB96016FCEEC756" bold="true" box="[790,807,1092,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">2)</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FC066016FC73C756" bold="true" box="[937,954,1092,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">3)</emphasis>
|
||
Head, frontal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697AFF90FBDD6016FB4AC756" bold="true" box="[1138,1155,1092,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="557">4)</emphasis>
|
||
Lid of original pillbox containing 11 of the specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF376666697BFF91FF0060C4FC2EC7A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790810" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4790810" box="[175,999,1173,1193]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790810/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" startId="3.[175,214,1174,1193]" targetBox="[156,1165,198,1154]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE697BFF91FF0060C4FC2EC7A8" blockId="3.[175,999,1173,1193]" box="[175,999,1173,1193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FF0060C4FECFC7A8" bold="true" box="[175,262,1174,1193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Figs. 5–7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697BFF91FEB460C7FDCBC7A9" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" box="[283,514,1173,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FEB460C7FDCBC7A9" box="[283,514,1173,1192]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Spintherophyta arizonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FDA160C4FDD6C7A8" bold="true" box="[526,543,1174,1193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">5)</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FD3560C4FD62C7A8" bold="true" box="[666,683,1174,1193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">6)</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FC8660C4FCF2C7A8" bold="true" box="[809,827,1174,1193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">7)</emphasis>
|
||
Head, frontal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE697BFF91FD6A60BBFC4FC523" blockId="3.[685,1173,1257,1730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FD6A60BBFCE2C7FF" bold="true" box="[709,811,1257,1278]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The color varies from blue to greenish and black. A few specimens appear bicolored, with the elytra blackish or purplish, with the pronotum having a purplish tint. In females, the basal tarsomeres are narrower than in males. The female mandibles are slightly smaller than the male (but not nearly as sexually dimorphic as in the similar genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697BFF91FD0261F1FCD8C6B9" authorityName="Crotch" authorityYear="1873" box="[685,785,1443,1464]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Metaparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FD0261F1FCD8C6B9" box="[685,785,1443,1464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Metaparia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The female fifth ventrite has a slightly ventrally curved tip, whereas the fifth ventrite in the male is flat. Male beetles (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FC4C618BFC26C6EF" box="[995,1007,1497,1518]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 8) measure 2.8–3.4 mm in length; females (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FC4061A1FC32C509" box="[1007,1019,1523,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10) measure 2.8–3.5 mm in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE697BFF96FD6A627AFEC9C0A4" blockId="3.[685,1173,1257,1730]" lastBlockId="4.[173,660,779,1730]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="559" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697BFF91FD6A627AFC69C53C" bold="true" box="[709,928,1576,1597]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Specimens Examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B203CB3697BFF91FC0A627AFD37C58C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3333863301" collectingDate="1941-03-31" county="Santa Barbara Co." location="Becher'" municipality="Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F3884C697BFF91FC0A627AFC34C53C" box="[933,1021,1576,1597]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(male, LACM): “Calif., Santa Rosa Is. /
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62964E62697BFF91FC106211FBB6C559" box="[959,1151,1603,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Santa Barbara Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
/
|
||
<location id="8E976035697BFF91FD02620FFD31C572" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187F86979FF96FD6E66B2FCBBC5C3:8E976035697BFF91FD02620FFD31C572" box="[685,760,1629,1651]" county="Santa Barbara Co." municipality="Bay" name="Becher'" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Becher’</location>
|
||
s
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B93AC94697BFF91FCA2620FFCFAC573" box="[781,819,1629,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFF6102E697BFF91FCFD620FFC3FC573" box="[850,1014,1629,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" value="1941-03-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB2E9C6697BFF91FCFD620FFC3FC573" box="[850,1014,1629,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" value="1941-03-31">March 31, 1941</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/ on leaves of willow.”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B203CB3697BFF96FCA6622AFF32C0A4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3333863302" collectingDate="1941-03-31" collectingDateMax="1941-04-06" collectingDateMin="1941-03-31" county="Santa Barbara Co." lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="559" location="Becher'" municipality="Santa Barbara Co." pageId="3" pageNumber="558" specimenCount="17" specimenCount-female="13" specimenCount-male="4" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F3884C697BFF91FCA6622AFCA1C58C" box="[777,872,1656,1677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: Calif.,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BD5338697BFF91FC12622AFB99C58C" box="[957,1104,1656,1677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Santa Rosa Is.</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62964E62697BFF91FBF0622AFCEEC5A6" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Santa Barbara Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E976035697BFF91FC9962C0FC49C5A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187F86979FF96FD6E66B2FCBBC5C3:8E976035697BFF91FC9962C0FC49C5A9" box="[822,896,1682,1704]" county="Santa Barbara Co." municipality="Santa Barbara Co." name="Becher'" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Becher’</location>
|
||
s
|
||
<location id="8E976035697BFF91FC3B62C0FC72C5A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187F86979FF96FD6E66B2FCBBC5C3:8E976035697BFF91FC3B62C0FC72C5A6" box="[916,955,1682,1703]" county="Santa Barbara Co." municipality="Santa Barbara Co." name="Bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="558">Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF6102E697BFF91FC6562C0FBA4C5A6" box="[970,1133,1682,1703]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" value="1941-03-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB2E9C6697BFF91FC6562C0FBA4C5A6" box="[970,1133,1682,1703]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" value="1941-03-31">March 31, 1941</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, on leaves of willow (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697BFF91FCC462FFFC74C5C3" box="[875,957,1709,1730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697BFF91FC6162FFFBE1C5C3" box="[974,1064,1709,1730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, AJGC;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697BFF96FB2762FFFF26C021" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="559" pageId="3" pageNumber="558" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, BYUC;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FEE86759FE40C021" box="[327,393,779,800]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FE3C6759FE2EC021" box="[403,487,779,800]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, CASC;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FD946759FD46C021" box="[571,655,779,800]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, CSCA;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FF566774FE91C03A" box="[249,344,806,827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
, LACM;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FE1A6774FDC3C03A" box="[437,522,806,827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, TAMU);
|
||
<collectorName id="26BD5338697CFF96FDC06774FF39C054" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Sta. Rosa I.</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B93AC94697CFF96FF546712FE60C054" box="[251,425,832,853]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Santa Barbara Co.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, Calif.,
|
||
<date id="FFF6102E697CFF96FE5C6712FD91C054" box="[499,600,832,853]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" value="1941-04-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB2E9C6697CFF96FE5C6712FD91C054" box="[499,600,832,853]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" value="1941-04-06">6-IV-1941</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BD5338697CFF96FDCF6712FF31C071" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">J von Bloeker</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FEA96709FE8CC071" box="[262,325,859,880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FEE26709FE69C071" box="[333,416,859,880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, AJGC;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FE406709FD8BC071" box="[495,578,859,880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, BYUC;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FF026727FECEC08B" box="[173,263,885,906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, CSCA;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FEC66727FE04C08B" box="[361,461,885,906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
, LACM;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FD9A6727FD46C08B" box="[565,655,885,906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, TAMU)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF376666697CFF96FF6A66FDFC27C1C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790848" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4790848" box="[197,1006,686,706]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790848/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" startId="4.[197,236,687,706]" targetBox="[177,1188,196,669]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE697CFF96FF6A66FDFC27C1C3" blockId="4.[197,1006,686,706]" box="[197,1006,686,706]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FF6A66FDFED2C1C3" bold="true" box="[197,283,687,706]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Figs. 8–9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FE9F66FCFDC9C1C0" authority="Gilbert & Clark, 2020" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[304,512,686,705]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FE9F66FCFDC9C1C0" box="[304,512,686,705]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Spintherophyta punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FDA366FDFDBCC1C3" bold="true" box="[524,629,687,706]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20F5787697CFF96FDA366FDFDBCC1C3" box="[524,629,687,706]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, aedeagus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FD7566FDFD22C1C3" bold="true" box="[730,747,687,706]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">8)</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCC966FDFCBEC1C3" bold="true" box="[870,887,687,706]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">9)</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3526565697CFF96FF6A67F8FEA1C7FF" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE697CFF96FF6A67F8FED9C778" blockId="4.[173,660,779,1730]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FF6A67F8FEFEC0BE" bold="true" box="[197,311,938,959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species epithet “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FDB467F9FDA4C0C1" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[539,621,939,960]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FDB467F9FDA4C0C1" box="[539,621,939,960]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” is from Latin and means puncture. It refers to the heavily, coarsely punctured elytra and pronotum. No other Mexican or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35F767E697CFF96FE2C67A8FDCDC70E" box="[387,516,1018,1039]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
species are as coarsely and heavily punctured on the pronotum as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FF02607DFEDCC745" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[173,277,1071,1093]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FF02607DFF70C744" box="[173,185,1071,1093]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FF6C607DFEDCC745" box="[195,277,1071,1092]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Since the epithet is a noun in apposition, it is not necessary that it have gender agreement with the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE697CFF96FF6A602DFEA1C7FF" blockId="4.[173,660,779,1730]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FF6A602DFEB5C795" bold="true" box="[197,380,1151,1172]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Plant Association.</emphasis>
|
||
Eleven of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FDBF602DFD5AC795" box="[528,659,1151,1172]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="generic">18 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were collected on leaves of willow (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FDBD60CBFD88C7AE" box="[530,577,1177,1199]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FDBD60CBFD88C7AE" box="[530,577,1177,1199]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Salix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FDC260C8FF3FC7C8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). One of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498CF80C697CFF96FED960E6FE08C7C8" box="[374,449,1204,1225]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498CF80C697CFF96FE6760E6FDE1C7C8" box="[456,552,1204,1225]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FD2E60E1FEFFC7E5" baseAuthorityName="Horn" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violaceipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FD2E60E1FD44C7C8" box="[641,653,1203,1225]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FF02609CFEFFC7E5" box="[173,310,1230,1252]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">violaceipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has also been reported from willow (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94B1F697CFF96FF1C60BBFE94C7FF" author="Clark, S. M. & LeDoux, T. N. & Seeno, E. G. & Riley, A. J." box="[179,349,1256,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" pagination="1 - 476" refId="ref4667" refString="Clark, S. M., D. G. LeDoux, T. N. Seeno, E. G. Riley, A. J. Gilbert, and J. M. Sullivan. 2004. Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada. The Coleopterists Society, Special Publication 2: 1 - 476." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Clark
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FF5E60BBFEEBC7FF" box="[241,290,1256,1278]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3526565697CFF96FF6A6156FCBBC5C3" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE697CFF96FF6A6156FE27C5C3" blockId="4.[173,660,779,1730]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FF6A6156FEFEC618" bold="true" box="[197,311,1284,1305]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The original description of one Mexican species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FEF0614CFF2FC64F" authority="(Jacoby, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Jacoby" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoegei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FEF0614CFDF3C635" box="[351,570,1310,1332]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Spintherophyta hoegei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94B1F697CFF96FDE4614CFF16C64F" author="Jacoby, M." pageId="4" pageNumber="559" pagination="88 - 187" refId="ref4848" refString="Jacoby, M. 1881. Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Vol. VI. Part 1. Phytophaga (part). Cryptocephalidae, Chlamydidae, Lamprosomatinae, Eumolpidae. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 88 - 187." type="book chapter" year="1881">Jacoby, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is close enough to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FE17616AFDEEC64F" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[440,551,1336,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FE17616AFE0DC64F" box="[440,452,1336,1358]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FE7A616BFDEEC64F" box="[469,551,1337,1358]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to lead to misidentification. Similarities include elytral punctures that are heavy and dense, but not seriate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94B1F697CFF96FF1C61DBFEF9C69F" author="Jacoby, M." box="[179,304,1417,1438]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" pagination="88 - 187" refId="ref4848" refString="Jacoby, M. 1881. Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Vol. VI. Part 1. Phytophaga (part). Cryptocephalidae, Chlamydidae, Lamprosomatinae, Eumolpidae. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 88 - 187." type="book chapter" year="1881">Jacoby 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, examination of a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F3884C697CFF96FDE661DBFD5AC69F" box="[585,659,1417,1438]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FF6A61F0FEBCC6B9" authority="(BMNH)" baseAuthorityName="BMNH" box="[197,373,1442,1464]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoegei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FF6A61F0FED3C6B9" box="[197,282,1442,1464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S. hoegei</emphasis>
|
||
(BMNH)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
proves that the two species are quite different. Unlike the new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FD9661EFFD5AC6D2" box="[569,659,1469,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoegei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FD9661EFFD5AC6D2" box="[569,659,1469,1491]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S. hoegei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not have alutaceous microsculpture on the head and pronotum; the pronotal punctures are not coarse or dense, but are instead separated by more than the width of the punctures, with no indication of elongated punctures along the lateral margins; the legs are reddish (mostly dark in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FE77620EFD88C573" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[472,577,1628,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FE77620EFE2DC573" box="[472,484,1628,1650]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FE40620FFD88C573" box="[495,577,1629,1650]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and all antennomeres are reddish, as opposed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FD856225FD5AC58C" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[554,659,1655,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FD856225FDFFC58C" box="[554,566,1655,1677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FDEE622AFD5AC58C" box="[577,659,1656,1677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where the basal six antennomeres are testaceous and the distal five are reddish brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF736EE697CFF96FD746758FCBBC5C3" blockId="4.[707,1194,778,1730]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FD746758FC0EC021" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[731,967,778,800]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FD746758FC0EC021" box="[731,967,778,800]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Spintherophyta punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FBFB6758FD37C03A" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FBFB6758FD37C03A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S. arizonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, when comparing the two species, three striking features immediately stand out. First, the punctation and microsculpture are different. The pronotum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FCE06727FC12C08B" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" box="[847,987,885,907]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCE06727FC92C08A" box="[847,859,885,907]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCC06727FC12C08B" box="[879,987,885,906]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">arizonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is shining in most specimens (of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4EFD67697CFF96FCE167C2FC19C0A4" box="[846,976,912,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" type="generic">30 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
observed, a few had a slightly alutaceous appearance, but the pronotum was still shiny), and the pronotal punctures are dense and separated, rarely contiguous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13732A6B697CFF96FBEE67B2FB54C0F4" box="[1089,1181,992,1013]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="3.[175,214,1174,1193]" captionTargetBox="[156,1165,198,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-291@3.[154,1169,194,1158]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs. 5–7. Spintherophyta arizonensis. 5) Dorsal view; 6) Lateral view; 7) Head, frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790810/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Figs. 5, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). The elytra of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FCE067ABFC11C70E" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" box="[847,984,1017,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCE067ABFC11C70E" box="[847,984,1017,1039]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S. arizonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are heavily punctate with large punctures, many of which are contiguous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13732A6B697CFF96FD65607DFCEDC745" box="[714,804,1071,1093]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="3.[175,214,1174,1193]" captionTargetBox="[156,1165,198,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-291@3.[154,1169,194,1158]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs. 5–7. Spintherophyta arizonensis. 5) Dorsal view; 6) Lateral view; 7) Head, frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790810/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, the pronotum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FBEF607DFB60C745" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[1088,1193,1071,1093]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FBEF607DFB85C744" box="[1088,1100,1071,1093]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FBF8607DFB60C745" box="[1111,1193,1071,1092]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is strongly alutaceous and very heavily and coarsely punctured (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13732A6B697CFF96FC816036FC4EC778" box="[814,903,1124,1146]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,236,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[179,1187,198,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-298@2.[175,1190,194,1076]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Spintherophyta punctum, new species. 1) Dorsal view; 2) Lateral view; 3) Head, frontal view; 4) Lid of original pillbox containing 11 of the specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790801/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the elytra are much more coarsely punctured (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13732A6B697CFF96FC0D602DFBC4C795" box="[930,1037,1150,1172]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[197,236,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[179,1187,198,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-298@2.[175,1190,194,1076]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 1–4. Spintherophyta punctum, new species. 1) Dorsal view; 2) Lateral view; 3) Head, frontal view; 4) Lid of original pillbox containing 11 of the specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790801/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The abovementioned coarse punctation and alutaceous surfaces are not only diagnostic in comparison to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FB3860E1FCE6C7E5" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FB3860E1FCE6C7E5" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S. arizonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but they are also lacking in the other three
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FCAE60BAFC2CC7FF" box="[769,997,1256,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCAE60BAFC58C7FF" box="[769,913,1256,1278]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Spintherophyta</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
previously known from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35F767E697CFF96FC8D6156FC61C618" box="[802,936,1284,1305]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Second, the color is different. Without magnification, specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FB38614CFCE6C64F" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FB38614CFB6AC635" box="[1175,1187,1310,1332]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FD6C616BFCE6C64F" box="[707,815,1337,1358]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">arizonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appear black, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FC5D616AFB92C64F" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[1010,1115,1336,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FC5D616AFB92C64F" box="[1010,1115,1336,1358]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S. punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears greenish to blue. Under magnification, some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FCFD613FFC14C682" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" box="[850,989,1389,1411]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCFD613FFC14C682" box="[850,989,1389,1411]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S. arizonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a greenish or purplish tint, with the pronotum and elytra of different shades. Under magnification, most specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FCEA61EFFC66C6D2" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[837,943,1469,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCEA61EFFC98C6D2" box="[837,849,1469,1491]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCF361ECFC66C6D2" box="[860,943,1470,1491]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remain primarily green or blue, but a couple were nearly black. Third, the genitalia are different. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD94B1F697CFF96FC5661A1FB4FC509" author="Schultz, W. T." box="[1017,1158,1523,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" pagination="877 - 881" refId="ref5226" refString="Schultz, W. T. 1976. Review of the genus Spintherophyta (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in North America north of Mexico. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 69 (5): 877 - 881." type="journal article" year="1976">Schultz (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not feel that the aedeagus was “exceptionally diagnostic”, his line drawings appear distinctly different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FCF56210FC02C559" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[858,971,1602,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCF56210FCAFC559" box="[858,870,1602,1624]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCD76211FC02C559" box="[888,971,1603,1624]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for three of the four species. The aedeagus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FC6A620EFBFAC573" authorityName="Gilbert & Clark" authorityYear="2020" box="[965,1075,1628,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FC6A620EFC18C573" box="[965,977,1628,1650]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FC4F620FFBFAC573" box="[992,1075,1629,1650]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">punctum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13732A6B697CFF96FBEC620FFB68C573" box="[1091,1185,1629,1651]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[197,236,687,706]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,196,669]" captionTargetId="figure-568@4.[175,1190,194,671]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 8–9. Spintherophyta punctum, new species, aedeagus. 8) Dorsal view; 9) Lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790848" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790848/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Figs. 8–9</figureCitation>
|
||
) compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C484D6D697CFF96FCEF6225FC0FC58C" authorityName="Schultz" authorityYear="1976" box="[832,966,1655,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Spintherophyta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93CEAFC697CFF96FCEF6225FC0FC58C" box="[832,966,1655,1677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">S. arizonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13732A6B697CFF96FC7B622AFB8FC58C" box="[980,1094,1655,1677]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[175,214,741,760]" captionTargetBox="[156,1166,196,723]" captionTargetId="figure-467@5.[154,1169,194,725]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 10–11. Spintherophyta arizonensis, aedeagus. 10) Dorsal view; 11) Lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4790904/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="559">Figs. 10–11</figureCitation>
|
||
) in lateral profile is thicker throughout its length and more uniformly arched.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |