349 lines
39 KiB
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349 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.989.52361" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1febcb80-e5d1-45bf-b98b-f3ed5e2c7046" ID-PMC="PMC7669816" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-989-39" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A6A7B134875C58FC8B9CBE7FDD70C26B" ID-PubMed="33223894" ID-ZooBank="4C91B9F4A43E4FF097E0E97B6DC6DA9D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-989-39" checkinTime="1604986521334" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Baquero, Enrique, Jordana, Rafael, Labrada, Lucia & Luque, Carlos G." docDate="2020" docId="2CFF569E776D5B8D8B6E1FE4FB66B87B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 989: 39-54" docOrigin="ZooKeys 989" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.989.52361" docTitle="Pseudosinella altamirensis Baquero & Jordana & Labrada & Luque 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="2F1163C5-C7D2-43E7-93A7-B7D30C2F11D0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="A6A7B134875C58FC8B9CBE7FDD70C26B" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="A6A7B134875C58FC8B9CBE7FDD70C26B" masterDocTitle="A new species of Pseudosinella Schaeffer, 1897 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from Altamira Caves (Cantabria, Spain)" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1668169805934" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Pseudosinella Schaeffer, 1897 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from Altamira Caves (Cantabria, Spain)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Baquero, Enrique</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Navarra, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Environmental Biology, University Campus, 31080 Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-8606</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ebaquero@unav.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Jordana, Rafael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Navarra, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Environmental Biology, University Campus, 31080 Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Labrada, Lucia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Impress Group Consulting S. L., P. O. Box 879, 39080 Santander, Cantabria, Spain & Coastal Interpretive Centre, Santander City Council, Barrio Monte-La Maruca, 56 D, 39012 Santander, Cantabria, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Luque, Carlos G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Impress Group Consulting S. L., P. O. Box 879, 39080 Santander, Cantabria, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>989</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>39</mods:start>
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<mods:end>54</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.989.52361</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.989.52361</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-989-39</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168961884" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2F1163C5-C7D2-43E7-93A7-B7D30C2F11D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2CFF569E776D5B8D8B6E1FE4FB66B87B" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName LSID="2CFF569E-776D-5B8D-8B6E-1FE4FB66B87B" authority="Baquero & Jordana & Labrada & Luque, 2020" authorityName="Baquero & Jordana & Labrada & Luque" authorityYear="2020" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Pseudosinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudosinella altamirensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altamirensis" status="sp. nov.">Pseudosinella altamirensis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="39">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. Habitus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473370" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A habitus B distal part of tibiotarsus III and claw complex C trochanteral organ. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473371" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A proximal half of Ant IV B detail of Ant IV showing normal chaetae and different types of sensilla: leaf shaped, smooth, with small cilia C detail at high magnification of the small sensilla narrowed at tip found on Ant II-IV D two leaf-shaped sensilla on Ant IV E labium and labral palps F maxillae. Scale bars: 0.02 mm (A, E); 0.007 mm (B); 0.002 mm (C); 0.006 mm (D); 0.009 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473372" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A Th II pseudopore B claw and empodium appendage of leg III C distal par of dens and mucro D tip of dens and mucro, not visible by the covering scales of terminal dens E mucro partially covered by scales and chaetae F mucro and mucronal spine. Scale bars: 0.004 mm (A, F); 0.02 mm (B, D); 0.04 mm (C); 0.007 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473373" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A antennae, tip of Ant IV B antennae, Ant III sensory organ C head, dorsal chaetotaxy; Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy: D abd II E abd III F abd IV G abd V. White dots, Mc (size of the socket proportional to reality); black dots, mic. Scale bars: 0.01 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B); 0.05 mm (C-E); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473374" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">, 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Holotype</emphasis>
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: Spain • ♀; Cantabria, municipal district of Santillana del Mar,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Altamira Cave</emphasis>
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, Sala de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Polícromos">Policromos</normalizedToken>
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(Polychromes Room), National Museum and Research Centre of Altamira;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="22.61" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="43.376835">43°22.61'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="west" minutes="7.18" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.1196666">4°7.18'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 148 m a.s.l.; 29 Aug. 2000; C. Glez.-Luque leg.; slide labelled " MZNA -Altamira 6d-01".
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: • 49 specimens on ethyl alcohol and 3 specimens mounted on SEM stubs; Cueva de las Estalactitas (Stalactites cave);
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="22.64" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="43.377335">43°22.64'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="west" minutes="7.21" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.120167">4°7.21'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 148 m a.s.l.; 29 Aug. 2000; C. Glez.-Luque leg.; slides MZNA -Altamira 6d-02 to 05 • 3 specimens on slides and 25 in ethyl alcohol; Polychromes Room;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="22.61" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="43.376835">43°22.61'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="west" minutes="7.18" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.1196666">4°7.18'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 148 m a.s.l.; 24 Mar. 2008;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cesáreo">Cesareo</normalizedToken>
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Saiz leg.; slides MZNA -Altamira01-01 and MZNA -Altamira01-02; deposited at the Museum of Zoology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (MZNA).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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Spain -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Cantabria</emphasis>
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• 2 specimens on slides and 14 on ethyl alcohol; La Venta del Cuco cave, Ubiarco, Santillana del Mar;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="24.28" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="43.404667">43°24.28'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="west" minutes="6.35" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.1058335">4°6.35'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 145 m a.s.l.; 13 Sep. 1995; C. Glez.-Luque leg.; slides MZNA -Luque Coll. 13d-01 and 02 • 1 specimen on slide and 1 in ethyl alcohol;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cudón">Cudon</normalizedToken>
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cave,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cudón">Cudon</normalizedToken>
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, Miengo;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="24.94" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="43.41567">43°24.94'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="west" minutes="0.74" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.0123334">4°0.74'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 22 m a.s.l.; 14 Sep. 1995; C. Glez.-Luque leg.; slide MZNA -Luque Coll. 36d • 1 specimen on slide and 3 in ethyl alcohol;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Peña">Pena</normalizedToken>
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Caranceja or La
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Peñona">Penona</normalizedToken>
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cave, Barcenaciones,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Reocín">Reocin</normalizedToken>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="20.33" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="43.338833">43°20.33'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="west" minutes="9.45" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.1575">4°9.45'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 125 m a.s.l.; 7 Oct. 2000; C. Glez.-Luque leg.; slide MZNA -Luque Coll. 3d • 2 specimens on slide and three in ethyl alcohol; Cobezo,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cobeján">Cobejan</normalizedToken>
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or Perro cave,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Viaña">Viana</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cabuérniga">Cabuerniga</normalizedToken>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="11.61" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="43.1935">43°11.61'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="west" minutes="16.52" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-4.2753334">4°16.52'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 360 m a.s.l.; 15 Jun. 1996; C. Glez.-Luque leg.; slide MZNA -Luque Coll. 7d.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5 + 5 ocelli. Antennae moderately long. Ant III sense organ with two paddle- or leaf-shaped and two additional sensilla. Area not ringed of dentes nearly five times the length of mucro. Claw elongate, with two paired basal teeth; tenent hair acuminate. Reduced formula: R0R1R2000/00/0101+2/s, -aBq1q2, M1m2R*el1l2 (* 1/3 to 2/3 of M; sometimes M1 smooth and L2 ciliated, and usually asymmetrically).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Habitus</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. Habitus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473370" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A habitus B distal part of tibiotarsus III and claw complex C trochanteral organ. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473371" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4A</figureCitation>
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). Body length up to 3.1 mm (holotype: 2.3 mm). Colour: blue pigment laterally on body from Th II to Abd IV, but extended to dorsal part in Th II, coxae I-III, first third of femur III, laterally on head and vertex and Ant I-III. Abd IV paler. Eyes and a spot on central vertex strongly pigmented.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473370" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Baquero & Jordana & Labrada & Luque" authorityYear="2020" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Pseudosinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudosinella altamirensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altamirensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Pseudosinella altamirensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. Habitus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Head</emphasis>
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. With five eyes (ABDEF or ABCDF; C and F smaller, almost imperceptible in some specimens). Intraocular chaetae p, r, and s present. Only A0, A2, A3, An1, An2, An3a, and An3 as Mc (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A antennae, tip of Ant IV B antennae, Ant III sensory organ C head, dorsal chaetotaxy; Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy: D abd II E abd III F abd IV G abd V. White dots, Mc (size of the socket proportional to reality); black dots, mic. Scale bars: 0.01 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B); 0.05 mm (C-E); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473374" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7C</figureCitation>
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). Ratio antenna/cephalic diagonal 1.64-2.16. Antennal segments I/II/III/IV ratios 1/2-2.7/2.3-2.7/3.5-4.1. Ant IV proximal area in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A proximal half of Ant IV B detail of Ant IV showing normal chaetae and different types of sensilla: leaf shaped, smooth, with small cilia C detail at high magnification of the small sensilla narrowed at tip found on Ant II-IV D two leaf-shaped sensilla on Ant IV E labium and labral palps F maxillae. Scale bars: 0.02 mm (A, E); 0.007 mm (B); 0.002 mm (C); 0.006 mm (D); 0.009 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473372" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5A</figureCitation>
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; apical vesicle absent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A antennae, tip of Ant IV B antennae, Ant III sensory organ C head, dorsal chaetotaxy; Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy: D abd II E abd III F abd IV G abd V. White dots, Mc (size of the socket proportional to reality); black dots, mic. Scale bars: 0.01 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B); 0.05 mm (C-E); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473374" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7A</figureCitation>
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); in this segment there are up to four special leaf-shaped sensilla on the distal third, two of them aligned, and at least five other different types of sensilla (some described by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2002.10697351" author="Beruete, E" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (Nouvelle serie)" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" pagination="385 - 398" refId="B1" refString="Beruete, E, Baquero, E, Jordana, R, 2002. New species of Pseudosinella (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from karst caves on the Basque bio-speleologic district. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (Nouvelle serie) 38 (4): 385 - 398, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2002.10697351" title="New species of Pseudosinella (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from karst caves on the Basque bio-speleologic district." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2002.10697351" volume="38" year="2002">Beruete et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
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): smooth and cylindrical, some with short fringes, clearly different from the normal chaetae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A proximal half of Ant IV B detail of Ant IV showing normal chaetae and different types of sensilla: leaf shaped, smooth, with small cilia C detail at high magnification of the small sensilla narrowed at tip found on Ant II-IV D two leaf-shaped sensilla on Ant IV E labium and labral palps F maxillae. Scale bars: 0.02 mm (A, E); 0.007 mm (B); 0.002 mm (C); 0.006 mm (D); 0.009 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473372" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5B</figureCitation>
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); smooth, shorter and narrowed in its distal third (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A proximal half of Ant IV B detail of Ant IV showing normal chaetae and different types of sensilla: leaf shaped, smooth, with small cilia C detail at high magnification of the small sensilla narrowed at tip found on Ant II-IV D two leaf-shaped sensilla on Ant IV E labium and labral palps F maxillae. Scale bars: 0.02 mm (A, E); 0.007 mm (B); 0.002 mm (C); 0.006 mm (D); 0.009 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473372" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5C</figureCitation>
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); and leaf-shaped, similar to the sensorial chaetae
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘s’">'s'</normalizedToken>
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of sensory organ of Ant III (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A proximal half of Ant IV B detail of Ant IV showing normal chaetae and different types of sensilla: leaf shaped, smooth, with small cilia C detail at high magnification of the small sensilla narrowed at tip found on Ant II-IV D two leaf-shaped sensilla on Ant IV E labium and labral palps F maxillae. Scale bars: 0.02 mm (A, E); 0.007 mm (B); 0.002 mm (C); 0.006 mm (D); 0.009 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473372" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ant III sense organ with a peculiar configuration: two paddle-shaped sensilla (individually encased in a pit and more or less one above the other), another two similar ones but in a dorso-internal position, and two small, rounded, spiny guard sensilla on both sides of the first one (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A antennae, tip of Ant IV B antennae, Ant III sensory organ C head, dorsal chaetotaxy; Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy: D abd II E abd III F abd IV G abd V. White dots, Mc (size of the socket proportional to reality); black dots, mic. Scale bars: 0.01 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B); 0.05 mm (C-E); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473374" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apical region of the Ant II-III with pseudopore in internal-ventral position, far from chaetae line. Antennae without scales. Prelabral chaetae ciliated; labral row a, m, and p all smooth (distal row (a) on papillae). Formula of the labial base M1m2Rel1l2; M1 sometimes smooth, asymmetrical in some specimens; R ciliated, 1/3 to 1/2 length of the neighbouring smooth Mc m2; l1 occasionally ciliated; the remaining chaetae smooth, but with minute fringes or ciliation seen only in SEM (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A proximal half of Ant IV B detail of Ant IV showing normal chaetae and different types of sensilla: leaf shaped, smooth, with small cilia C detail at high magnification of the small sensilla narrowed at tip found on Ant II-IV D two leaf-shaped sensilla on Ant IV E labium and labral palps F maxillae. Scale bars: 0.02 mm (A, E); 0.007 mm (B); 0.002 mm (C); 0.006 mm (D); 0.009 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473372" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bifurcate maxillary palp with three smooth sublobal chaetae. Labial papilla (l.p.) E with finger-shaped process just reaching the base of apical appendage. Maxilla in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A proximal half of Ant IV B detail of Ant IV showing normal chaetae and different types of sensilla: leaf shaped, smooth, with small cilia C detail at high magnification of the small sensilla narrowed at tip found on Ant II-IV D two leaf-shaped sensilla on Ant IV E labium and labral palps F maxillae. Scale bars: 0.02 mm (A, E); 0.007 mm (B); 0.002 mm (C); 0.006 mm (D); 0.009 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473372" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">5F</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Body</emphasis>
|
||
. Th II without Mc; pseudopore of this tergite in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A Th II pseudopore B claw and empodium appendage of leg III C distal par of dens and mucro D tip of dens and mucro, not visible by the covering scales of terminal dens E mucro partially covered by scales and chaetae F mucro and mucronal spine. Scale bars: 0.004 mm (A, F); 0.02 mm (B, D); 0.04 mm (C); 0.007 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473373" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">6A</figureCitation>
|
||
. Th III without Mc. Abd II: chaetae a, q1 and q2 as ciliated mic, chaeta B as broad ciliated Mc (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A antennae, tip of Ant IV B antennae, Ant III sensory organ C head, dorsal chaetotaxy; Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy: D abd II E abd III F abd IV G abd V. White dots, Mc (size of the socket proportional to reality); black dots, mic. Scale bars: 0.01 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B); 0.05 mm (C-E); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473374" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abd III chaetotaxy shown in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A antennae, tip of Ant IV B antennae, Ant III sensory organ C head, dorsal chaetotaxy; Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy: D abd II E abd III F abd IV G abd V. White dots, Mc (size of the socket proportional to reality); black dots, mic. Scale bars: 0.01 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B); 0.05 mm (C-E); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473374" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7E</figureCitation>
|
||
. Accessory chaeta
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘s’">'s'</normalizedToken>
|
||
in the anterior trichobothrial complex of Abd IV present. Medial chaeta B5 below the level of the trichobothrium T4. Pseudopore between B5 and B6. Legs scales only on coxae. Trochanteral organ with ca 30 chaetae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A habitus B distal part of tibiotarsus III and claw complex C trochanteral organ. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473371" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Remaining chaetae clearly visible on all legs, acuminate and largest on leg III. Differentiated supraempodial inner chaeta on hind tibiotarsus well differentiated and acuminate. Dorsal tibiotarsal tenent hairs acuminate, 0.3 times the length of inner margin of claw. Claw with only three internal teeth: dental plate occupying 35% of the basal internal edge, with the basal paired teeth of different sizes (posterior one larger and slightly more distal than anterior); unpaired tooth well developed, approximately 40% from base; lateral tooth, anterior, less frequently posterior, present in some specimens on leg I and in basal positions; dorsal tooth basal, observed only in one specimen at SEM.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="R.A.Salisbury" authorityYear="1866" class="Liliopsida" family="Hypoxidaceae" genus="Empodium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Empodium" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Empodium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appendage acuminate, basally swollen, externally smooth, with a minute tooth in some specimens (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A habitus B distal part of tibiotarsus III and claw complex C trochanteral organ. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473371" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A Th II pseudopore B claw and empodium appendage of leg III C distal par of dens and mucro D tip of dens and mucro, not visible by the covering scales of terminal dens E mucro partially covered by scales and chaetae F mucro and mucronal spine. Scale bars: 0.004 mm (A, F); 0.02 mm (B, D); 0.04 mm (C); 0.007 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473373" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">6B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Retinaculum with 4 + 4 teeth and one ciliated chaeta. Ventral tube without scales; lateral flap with a maximum of eight smooth and six ciliated chaetae. Manubrium and dens with scales only ventrally (anteriorly); two internal and 7-12 external chaetae related to two distal pseudopores of manubrial plate; area not ringed of dentes nearly five times the length of mucro; mucro with distal tooth longer than the anteapical; basal spine reaching the tip of distal tooth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A Th II pseudopore B claw and empodium appendage of leg III C distal par of dens and mucro D tip of dens and mucro, not visible by the covering scales of terminal dens E mucro partially covered by scales and chaetae F mucro and mucronal spine. Scale bars: 0.004 mm (A, F); 0.02 mm (B, D); 0.04 mm (C); 0.007 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473373" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">6C-F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chaetotaxy from head to Abd V illustrated in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. A antennae, tip of Ant IV B antennae, Ant III sensory organ C head, dorsal chaetotaxy; Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy: D abd II E abd III F abd IV G abd V. White dots, Mc (size of the socket proportional to reality); black dots, mic. Scale bars: 0.01 mm (A); 0.02 mm (B); 0.05 mm (C-E); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473374" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">7C-G</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473371" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baquero & Jordana & Labrada & Luque" authorityYear="2020" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Pseudosinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudosinella altamirensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altamirensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Pseudosinella altamirensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A</emphasis>
|
||
habitus
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">B</emphasis>
|
||
distal part of tibiotarsus III and claw complex
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C</emphasis>
|
||
trochanteral organ. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.02 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">B, C</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473372" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baquero & Jordana & Labrada & Luque" authorityYear="2020" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Pseudosinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudosinella altamirensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altamirensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Pseudosinella altamirensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A</emphasis>
|
||
proximal half of Ant IV
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">B</emphasis>
|
||
detail of Ant IV showing normal chaetae and different types of sensilla: leaf shaped, smooth, with small cilia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C</emphasis>
|
||
detail at high magnification of the small sensilla narrowed at tip found on Ant II-IV
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D</emphasis>
|
||
two leaf-shaped sensilla on Ant IV
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">E</emphasis>
|
||
labium and labral palps
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">F</emphasis>
|
||
maxillae. Scale bars: 0.02 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A, E</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.007 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">B</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.002 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.006 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.009 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
|
||
This species is always found over organic matter accumulation. In
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cudón">Cudon</normalizedToken>
|
||
cave, it has been found over the residue of rotten and wet wood; in the other caves it was found over old, mouldy rat and bat faeces and generally in insect cadavers with visible fungi. Although this species reaches to the dark zone of the caves near very wet areas, it has been found in deep zones on walls, roofs, and soils where the environmental humidity is near the saturation point (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Geographical location of Altamira Caves (Cantabria, Spain). A location and ground plan of the Altamira Caves and its museum B location of the Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov. sampling sites along Altamira Cave (August 2000): (1) areas where soil contained mouldy rat or bat faeces; (2) areas where soil contained a rat cadaver (Rattus rattus); (3) areas where soil contained a bat cadaver (Rhinolophus hipossideros); (4) areas where walls had insect cadavers with visible fungal; (5) areas where water drips or flows towards the cave (hygropetric habitats); (6) areas where water had flooded the surface with small rim stone dams or gours; (7) areas with high clay soil content in the water; (8) areas of continuous monitoring of radon. Plan of the caves with its location courtesy of the National Museum and Research Centre of Altamira." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473369" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The species appears to be restricted to the karst systems associated with the Saja River and within the municipal districts of Miengo, Santillana del Mar,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Reocín">Reocin</normalizedToken>
|
||
, and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cabuérniga">Cabuerniga</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Luque, CG" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, Seccion Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" pagination="93 - 120" refId="B21" refString="Luque, CG, Labrada, L, 2016. La fauna subterranea de las cuevas de Altamira (Espana). Consideraciones para la conservacion del arte rupestre clasificado Patrimonio Mundial. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, Seccion Biologica 110: 93 - 120" title="La fauna subterranea de las cuevas de Altamira (Espana). Consideraciones para la conservacion del arte rupestre clasificado Patrimonio Mundial." volume="110" year="2016">Luque and Labrada 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Location of the studied area. A Cantabrian Mountains (northern Spain) B UTM grid map with 10 km squares of the central region of the Cantabrian Mountain to show the outcrops of the rock systems (in grey) which contain limestone and geographical situation of the study area with the distribution of the cave-dwelling Pseudosinella altamirensis sp. nov.: (1) Cudon cave; (2) La Venta del Cuco cave; (3) Altamira and Stalactites caves; (4) Pena Caranceja cave; (5) Cobezo cave. Source: Spanish Geological Institute and Cartographic Service of the Cantabrian Government, scale 1: 50 000." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473368" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473373" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baquero & Jordana & Labrada & Luque" authorityYear="2020" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Pseudosinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudosinella altamirensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altamirensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Pseudosinella altamirensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A</emphasis>
|
||
Th II pseudopore
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">B</emphasis>
|
||
claw and empodium appendage of leg III
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C</emphasis>
|
||
distal par of dens and mucro
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D</emphasis>
|
||
tip of dens and mucro, not visible by the covering scales of terminal dens
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">E</emphasis>
|
||
mucro partially covered by scales and chaetae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">F</emphasis>
|
||
mucro and mucronal spine. Scale bars: 0.004 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A, F</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.02 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">B, D</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.04 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.007 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">E</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">The name is toponymical and refers to the type locality, the Altamira Cave, one of the most important Palaeolithic art sites in Europe.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.989.52361.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473374" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baquero & Jordana & Labrada & Luque" authorityYear="2020" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Pseudosinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudosinella altamirensis" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altamirensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Pseudosinella altamirensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A</emphasis>
|
||
antennae, tip of Ant IV
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">B</emphasis>
|
||
antennae, Ant III sensory organ
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C</emphasis>
|
||
head, dorsal chaetotaxy; Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">D</emphasis>
|
||
abd II
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">E</emphasis>
|
||
abd III
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">F</emphasis>
|
||
abd IV
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">G</emphasis>
|
||
abd V. White dots, Mc (size of the socket proportional to reality); black dots, mic. Scale bars: 0.01 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.02 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">B</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.05 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C-E</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">F, G</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |