577 lines
58 KiB
XML
577 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.10369" ID-GBIF-Dataset="894ab852-6f31-4d10-8d7e-c5e32041de4a" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127903259" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-53-35" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA7FF9A7E57ED63FFE8FFF5EE69FFA3" ID-ZBK="C543496584B2445C9F11DE63DD74F6DA" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575136" ID-ZooBank="C543496584B2445C9F11DE63DD74F6DA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2607-53-35" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 53" ModsDocTitle="Review of the genus Leptopilina (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Eucoilinae) from the Eastern United States, including three newly described species" checkinTime="1482179251421" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lue, Chia-Hua, Driskell, Amy C., Leips, Jeff & Buffington, Matthew L." docDate="2016" docId="06A40373AEF19FD631E9367793C1464A" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 53: 35-76" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 53" docPubDate="2016-12-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.10369" docTitle="Leptopilina Foerster 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FFA7FF9A7E57ED63FFE8FFF5EE69FFA3" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FFA7FF9A7E57ED63FFE8FFF5EE69FFA3" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Leptopilina (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Eucoilinae) from the Eastern United States, including three newly described species" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="35" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1643502191522" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Review of the genus Leptopilina (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Eucoilinae) from the Eastern United States, including three newly described species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lue, Chia-Hua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop circle, Baltimore, MD 21042, USA & Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS / USDA c / o Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, 10 th & Constitution Ave, NW, Washington DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">chiachia926@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Driskell, Amy C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratories of Analytical Biology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, 10 th & Constitution Ave, NW, Washington DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Leips, Jeff</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop circle, Baltimore, MD 21042, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Buffington, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS / USDA c / o Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, 10 th & Constitution Ave, NW, Washington DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2016-12-19</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>53</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>35</mods:start>
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<mods:end>76</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.10369</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.10369</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-53-35</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127903259" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06A40373AEF19FD631E9367793C1464A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/06A40373AEF19FD631E9367793C1464A" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName LSID="9A376AA3-96AF-5B63-8DC6-1C02FCD5D2F4" authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Leptopilina
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptopilina</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869: 342, 348 (original description. Type:
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<taxonomicName authority="Hartig" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1841" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Cothonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cothonaspis longipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipes">Cothonaspis longipes</taxonomicName>
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Hartig, by monotypy and original designation); Forshage & Nordlander, 2008: 350 (keyed);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Novković">Novkovic</normalizedToken>
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, Mitsui, Suwito & Kimura, 2011: 337 (phylogenetic relationships of Japanese species); Forshage, Nordlander & Buffington, 2013: 233 (catalog of species of North America); Wachi, Nomano, Mitsui, Kasuya & Kimura, 2015: 48 (phylogenetic relationships); van Noort, Buffington & Forshage, 2015: 64, 73, 90 (diagnosis, keyed, new distribution record for Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania and Yemen).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are typically small wasps, less than 2mm in length, rather stout when compared with other eucoiline taxa, and have a worldwide distribution. Many species within this genus are easily confused with those in other genera, such as
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<taxonomicName authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Ganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Ganaspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1833" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Kleidotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kleidotoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Kleidotoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Rhoptromeris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhoptromeris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Rhoptromeris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Trybliographa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trybliographa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Trybliographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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possess some unique morphological characteristics that allow them to be distinguished from other eucoiline genera. Generally speaking, in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the head narrows ventrally at the bottom of the eyes and forms a triangle. The petiole is enlarged posteriorly, and the broad posterior rim has varying sculptural patterns. The hairy ring at the base of the metasoma is more or less reduced in density with various lengths of setae, but there is no connection dorsally, leading to the common state of 'hairy ring
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<normalizedToken originalValue="broken’">broken'</normalizedToken>
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. The mesoscutum lacks notauli, and the subalar pits are moderately developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
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In
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as in all other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1862" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucoilinae">Eucoilinae</taxonomicName>
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, the scutellum is surmounted by a disc with a glandular pit close to the posterior margin of the disc. The posterior margin of the scutellum is usually rounded with punctate sculpture, reticulate sculpture, striate sculpture or a combination of these three. In some species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the scutellum has ridges radiating from the scutellar disc; this state is similar to some species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Hexacola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexacola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Hexacola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Föerster">Foeerster</normalizedToken>
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, but these
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated by having an incomplete hairy ring on the metasoma (complete hairy ring in most
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Hexacola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexacola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Hexacola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and a glabrous postero-lateral corner of the metapleuron (setose posterolateral corner of metapleuron in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Hexacola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexacola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Hexacola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Compared to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Rhoptromeris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhoptromeris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Rhoptromeris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the basal part of the pronotal plate of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinct and foveae on the pronotal plate are open laterally; by contrast, in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Rhoptromeris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhoptromeris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Rhoptromeris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the lateral foveae are closed. Compared to
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<taxonomicName authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Ganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Ganaspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, males have the antennal F1 distinctly modified, whereas the F1 of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is shorter than the F2, and F2 is distinctly modified by being curved outward and elongate. This flagellomere character is one of the main characteristics used to separate
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Ganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Ganaspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Another important characteristic used to distinguish between
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Ganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Ganaspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is their metapleural corners: in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the corner is hairless (glabrous), and in
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<taxonomicName authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Ganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="39" start="start">Ganaspis</pageBreakToken>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the corner is hairy (setose). Wing morphology can also be helpful in separating other genera from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Leptopilina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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wings are always covered with short hair, rounded apically, and typically have a long hair fringe on wing tip; the marginal cell is quadrangular in shape and may or may not be closed completely along the anterior margin. In
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Rhoptromeris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhoptromeris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Rhoptromeris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the cell is always closed, and more triangular in shape: in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1833" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Kleidotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kleidotoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Kleidotoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the cell is always open and apical margin is typically emarginate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Coloration with head, mesosoma, metasoma black to dark brown, legs light brown. Sculpture on vertex, lateral surface of pronotum and mesoscutum absent, surface smooth.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Head, in anterior view, broadly triangular. Pubescence on head sparse setae scattered over face. Sculpture along lateral margin of occiput absent. Gena (measured from compound eye to posterolateral margin of head) short, ratio of length of gena to length of compound eye in dorsal view <0.3. Sculpture of gena absent, smooth. Lateral margin of occiput evenly rounded, not well defined. Occiput (except extreme lateral margin) smooth. Carina issuing from lateral margin of postocciput absent. Ocelli small, ratio of maximum diameter of a lateral ocellus to shortest distance between lateral ocelli 0.2-0.4. Anterior ocellus far from posterior ocelli, clearly separate anterior ocelli to anterior margins of posterior ocelli. Relative position of antennal sockets intermediate, ratio of vertical distance between inner margin of antennal foramen and ventral margin of clypeus to vertical distance between anterior ocellus and antennal rim 2.0-4.0. Median keel absent. Vertical carina adjacent to ventral margin of antennal socket absent but present in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lue & Buffington" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina decemflagella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decemflagella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Leptopilina decemflagella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Facial sculpture absent, surface smooth. Facial impression absent, face flat. Antennal scrobe absent. Anterior tentorial pits small. Vertical delineations on lower face absent. Ventral clypeal margin laterally, close to anterior mandibular articulation straight. Ventral clypeal margin medially with spatulate projection. Clypeus smooth with slight central spatulate projection. Malar space adjacent to anterior articulation of mandible evenly rounded, smooth. Malar sulcus present. Eye removed from ocelli, ratio of distance between compound eye and posterior mandibular articulation to distance between posterior ocellus and compound eye <1.2. Compound eyes, in dorsal view, not distinctly protruding from the surface of the head. Pubescence on compound eyes present, short. Orbital furrows absent. Lateral frontal carina of face absent. Dorsal aspect of vertex smooth. Posterior aspect of vertex smooth. Hair punctures on lateral aspect of vertex absent. Posterior surface of head deeply impressed around postocciput.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Apical segment of maxillary palp with pubescence, consisting one long erect setae. Apical seta on apical segment of maxillary palp longer than twice length of second longest apical seta. Maxillary palp composed of four segments. Last two segments of maxillary palp (in normal repose) straight. Apical segment of maxillary palp more than 1.5 times or 1-1.5 times as long as preceding segment.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Terminal flagellomere with one to three basiconic sensillae. Basiconic sensillae present between F5-F11 and also on F1, F2 in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lue & Buffington" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina maia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Leptopilina maia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Articulation between flagellomeres in antenna moniliform, segments distinctly separated by narrow neck-like articulation. Female antenna composed of 11 flagellomeres, 10 flagellomeres in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lue & Buffington" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina decemflagella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decemflagella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="40" start="start">Leptopilina</pageBreakToken>
|
||
decemflagella
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Male antenna composed of 13 flagellomeres. Female F1 longer than F2. Flagellomeres of female antenna cylindrical, distinctly widened towards apex, semi-clavate. Placoidal sensilla present between F5-11. Last antennal flagellomeres of female antenna not conspicuously enlarged compared to adjacent flagellomeres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Macrosculpture on lateral surface of pronotum absent dorsally and laterally, in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lue & Buffington" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina decemflagella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decemflagella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Leptopilina decemflagella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with longitudinal ridge ventrally. Anteroventral inflection of pronotum narrow. Pubescence on lateral surface of pronotum present, sparse long hair. Number of ridges on pronotal plate in lateral view between 2 to 4. Anterior flange of pronotal plate distinctly protruding anteriorly, transversely strigate. Ridges extending posteriorly from lateral margin of pronotal plate distinct but short, not extending to the dorsal margin of pronotum; present. Lateral pronotal carina absent. Crest of pronotal plate absent. Dorsal margin of pronotal plate (in anterior view) spatulate. Submedian pronotal depressions open laterally, deep. Lateral margin of pronotal plate defined all the way to the dorsal margin of the pronotum. Width of pronotal plate narrow, not nearly as wide as head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Mesoscutal surface convex, evenly curved. Sculpture on mesoscutum absent, entire surface smooth, shiny, with sparse long hairs. Notauli absent. Median mesoscutal carina absent. Anterior admedial lines absent. Median mesoscutal impression absent. Parascutal carina nearly straight.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Mesopleuron entirely smooth. Subpleuron entirely smooth, glabrous. Lower pleuron entirely smooth, glabrous. Epicnemial carina absent. Lateroventral mesopleural carina present, not marking abrupt change of slope of mesopectus. Mesopleural triangle absent. Subalar pit present, located under subalar area obscure to see. Speculum absent. Mesopleural carina present, complete, composed of one complete, uninterrupted carina. Anterior end of mesopleural carina inserting above notch in anterior margin of mesopleuron.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Dorsal surface of scutellum foveate-areolet, areolet - rugulose or irregularly striate. Circumscutellar carina present, complete, delimiting dorsal and ventral halves of scutellum, or incomplete, posteriorly. Posterior margin of axillula marked by distinct ledge, axillula distinctly impressed adjacent to ledge. Latero-ventral margin of scutellum posterior to axillula, smooth or with weakly rugulose. Dorsoposterior part of scutellum rounded. Transverse median carina on scutellar plate absent. Dorsal part of scutellum entirely rugose, foveate, or areolate. Scutellar plate, in dorsal view, medium sized, exposing about half of scutellum. Scutellar fovea present, two, distinctly margined posteriorly. Longitudinal scutellar carinae absent. Single longitudinal carina separating scutellar foveae present, short, ending at posterior margin of foveae. Postero-lateral margin of scutellum rounded. Lateral bar smooth, narrow.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Posterior impression of metepimeron absent or present. Metapectal cavity anterodorsal to metacoxal base present, well-defined. Anterior margin of metapectal-propodeal complex meeting mesopleuron at same level at point corresponding to anterior end of metapleural carina. Posteroventral corner of metapleuron (in lateral view) not extended posteriorly. Anterior impression of metepimeron absent. Posterior margin of metepimeron distinct, separating metepimeron from propodeum. Subalar area broad
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="41" start="start">ened</pageBreakToken>
|
||
anteriorly, narrowed posteriorly. Prespiracular process present, blunt, lobe-like, polished. Dorsellum absent. Anterior impression of metepisternum, immediately beneath anterior end of metapleural carina, present. Pubescence consisting of few hairs on posterior part of metepisternum, few or dense hair on propodeum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Pubescence posterolaterally on metacoxa, present, small, rounded, with adjacent sparse pubescence. Microsculpture on hind coxa absent. Longitudinal ridge on the posterior surface of metatibia absent. Metafemoral tooth present, elongate, with adjacent serrate ridge posteriorly. Ratio of first metatarsal segment to remaining 4 segments greater than 1.0.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Wing vein M absent or present but not well defined. Pubescence of fore wing present, long, dense on most of surface. Apical margin of female fore wing rounded. Rs+M of forewing defined but nebulous at point of origin from basal vein at posterior third. Mesal end of Rs+M vein situated closer to anterior margin of wing, directed towards middle of basalis. Vein R1 forming marginal cell completely. Basal abscissa of R1 (the abscissa between 2r and the wing margin) of fore wing as broad as adjacent wing veins. Coloration of wing absent, entire wing hyaline. Marginal cell of fore wing membranous, similar to other wing cells. Areolet absent. Hair fringe along apical margin of fore wing present, long or very long.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Propodeal spurs absent. Lateral propodeal carinae present, not reaching scutellum. Ventral end of lateral propodeal carina reaching nucha, carinae separated from each other. Inter propodeal carinae space lightly setose, or too dense to see underlying surface, in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Barbotin, Carton & Kelner-Pillault" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina boulardi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulardi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Leptopilina boulardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a horizontal carina. Petiolar rim of uniform width along entire circumference. Petiolar foramen removed from metacoxae, directed posteriorly. Horizontal carina running anteriorly from lateral propodeal carina present, or not visible, setae too dense. Lateral propodeal carina, straight, sub-parallel, in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Barbotin, Carton & Kelner-Pillault" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina boulardi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulardi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Leptopilina boulardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distinctly angled. Calyptra, in lateral view, rounded. Propodeum neck-like, drawn out posteriorly. Calyptra, in posterior view, dorsoventrally elongate or rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Petiole about as long as wide. Surface of petiole longitudinally costate, ventral keel absent. Posterior part of female petiole abruptly widened. Ventral and lateral parts of petiolar rim broad.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Setal band (hairy ring) at base of tergum 3 present, interrupted dorsally, ventrally. Tergum 3 indistinct, fused with syntergum. Posterior margin of tergum 3 indistinct, fused with tergum 4 in syntergum. Posterior margin of tergum 4 evenly rounded. Sternum 3 encompassed by syntergum. Sculpture on metasomal terga absent. Syntergum present with terga 3 to 5 fused, ventral margin rounded. Peglike setae on T6-T7 absent. Postero-ventral cavities of female metasoma T7 present, glabrous save for few, long setae. Female postero-ventral margin of T6-T7 straight, parallel. Terebrum and hypopygium (in lateral view) curved, pointing upward. Ovipositor clip, present.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
It was difficult to locate type specimens before the revision of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nordlander, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="34" pageNumber="69" pagination="428 - 453" publicationUrl="10.1163/187631280794710024" refId="B21" refString="Nordlander, G, 1980. Revision of the genus Leptopilina Foerster, 1869, with notes on the status of some other genera (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Eucoilidae). Entomologica Scandinavica 11: 428 - 453, DOI: 10.1163/187631280794710024" title="Revision of the genus Leptopilina Foerster, 1869, with notes on the status of some other genera (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Eucoilidae)." url="10.1163/187631280794710024" volume="11" year="1980">Nordlander (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Only one European species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Leptopilina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hartig" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1841" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Cothonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cothonaspis longipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Cothonaspis longipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hartig, 1841) was placed in this genus by Weld (1952).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nordlander, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="34" pageNumber="69" pagination="428 - 453" publicationUrl="10.1163/187631280794710024" refId="B21" refString="Nordlander, G, 1980. Revision of the genus Leptopilina Foerster, 1869, with notes on the status of some other genera (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Eucoilidae). Entomologica Scandinavica 11: 428 - 453, DOI: 10.1163/187631280794710024" title="Revision of the genus Leptopilina Foerster, 1869, with notes on the status of some other genera (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Eucoilidae)." url="10.1163/187631280794710024" volume="11" year="1980">Nordlander (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hartig" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1841" class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Cothonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cothonaspis longipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Cothonaspis longipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hartig, 1841) should be maintained as type species, and included a taxonomic history of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Leptopilina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Many species belonging to this genus have also been treated
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="42" start="start">under</pageBreakToken>
|
||
various generic names for decades. Meanwhile, the true
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Leptopilina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species had been assigned to other genera such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Erisphagia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erisphagia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Erisphagia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hartig, 1840" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Cothonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cothonaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Cothonaspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nordlander, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="34" pageNumber="69" pagination="428 - 453" publicationUrl="10.1163/187631280794710024" refId="B21" refString="Nordlander, G, 1980. Revision of the genus Leptopilina Foerster, 1869, with notes on the status of some other genera (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Eucoilidae). Entomologica Scandinavica 11: 428 - 453, DOI: 10.1163/187631280794710024" title="Revision of the genus Leptopilina Foerster, 1869, with notes on the status of some other genera (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Eucoilidae)." url="10.1163/187631280794710024" volume="11" year="1980">Nordlander 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="42">This genus has a worldwide distribution and is known from Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, North America and South America.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Key to Eastern North American
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Leptopilina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<table inLine="true" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" rowspan="1">
|
||
Female with 10 flagellomeres on the antenna (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115507" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">1</figureCitation>
|
||
); vertical carina present adjacent to ventral margin of antenna socket (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115507" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">2</figureCitation>
|
||
); hypopygium pointing ventrally in lateral view (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115507" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">3</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lue & Buffington" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina decemflagella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decemflagella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Leptopilina decemflagella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lue & Buffington, sp. n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" rowspan="1">
|
||
Female with 11 flagellomeres (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115507" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">4</figureCitation>
|
||
); no obvious carina adjacent to margin of antenna socket (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115507" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">5</figureCitation>
|
||
); hypopygium pointing dorsally (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115507" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">6</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">2</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="43" start="start">2</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||
Mesoscutal hair absent (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–10" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 10." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures7-10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115508" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="43" start="start">7</pageBreakToken>
|
||
-8
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">3</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||
Mesoscutal hair present, sometimes reduced (arrow, Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–10" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 10." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures7-10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115508" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">9-10</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">5</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="44" start="start">3</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
Scutellum with semi-parallel to slightly radiating ridges running the length of the dorsal surface of the scutellum, totally lacking foveate-areolet or rugulose pattern (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–16" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 11 - 16." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures11-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115509" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">11</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal hairy ring scarce and only has few long hairs (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–16" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 11 - 16." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures11-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115509" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">12</figureCitation>
|
||
); propodeal carinae angled and with horizontal carinae in between (when viewed from postero-dorsal angle) (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–16" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 11 - 16." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures11-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115509" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">13</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Barbotin, Carton & Kelner-Pillault" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina boulardi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulardi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Leptopilina boulardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Barbotin, Carton & Kelner-Pillault, 1979)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
Scutellum with foveate-areolet or rugulose pattern on the dorsal surface of the scutellum (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–16" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 11 - 16." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures11-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115509" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">14</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal hairy ring dense (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–16" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 11 - 16." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures11-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115509" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">15</figureCitation>
|
||
); propodeal carinae sub-parallel and without a horizontal carina in between propodeal carinae (when viewed from postero-dorsal angle) (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–16" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 11 - 16." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures11-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115509" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">16</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">4</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">4</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
Scutellar cup large, covering most of the surface of the scutellum, rhomboid shaped (arrow, Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 17 - 22." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115510" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">17-18</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal hairy ring dense and long (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 17 - 22." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115510" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">19</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina heterotoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heterotoma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Leptopilina heterotoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Thomson, 1862)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
Scutellar cup smaller, exposing more than half of the dorsal surface of the scutellum, tear-drop in shape (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 17 - 22." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115510" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">20-21</figureCitation>
|
||
); metasomal hairy ring thinner, hairs shorter, composed by one or two rows of hairs, narrowly broken dorsally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 17 - 22." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115510" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">22</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nordlander" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina victoriae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="victoriae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Leptopilina victoriae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Nordlander, 1980
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">5</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
Metapleuron, posteriorly, with a deep depression that is continuous with propodeum (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 23 - 27." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures23-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115511" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">23</figureCitation>
|
||
); wing vein M without clear trace line on fore wing (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 23 - 27." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures23-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115511" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">24</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina clavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Leptopilina clavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hartig, 1841)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
Metapleuron, posteriorly, not continuous with propodeum but with distinct posterior border (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 23 - 27." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures23-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115511" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">25</figureCitation>
|
||
); wing vein M with or without a clear trace line on fore wing (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 23 - 27." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures23-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115511" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">27</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 23 - 27." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures23-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115511" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">26</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">6</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="45" start="start">6</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
|
||
Metapleuron, posteriorly, without a deep depression (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–33" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 28 - 33." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures28-33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115513" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">28</figureCitation>
|
||
); in flagellomeres F5-F10, the length is twice the width of each flagellomere (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–33" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 28 - 33." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures28-33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115513" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">29</figureCitation>
|
||
); hairy ring is widely broken dorsally, not directly connected to anterior margin of metasoma (arrow A, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–33" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 28 - 33." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures28-33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115513" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">30</figureCitation>
|
||
), dense and long ventrally (arrow B, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–33" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 28 - 33." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures28-33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115513" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">30</figureCitation>
|
||
); wing vein M without a clear trace line (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 23 - 27." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures23-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115511" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">26</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lue & Buffington" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina leipsi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leipsi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Leptopilina leipsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lue & Buffington, sp. n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
|
||
Metapleuron, posteriorly, with a deep depression (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–33" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 28 - 33." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures28-33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115513" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">31</figureCitation>
|
||
); in flagellomeres F5-F10, the length is 1 to 1.5 times longer than width of each flagellomere (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–33" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 28 - 33." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures28-33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115513" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">32</figureCitation>
|
||
); hairy ring is widely or slightly broken dorsally, and all hairs are about equal in length, directly attached to anterior margin of metasoma (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–33" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 28 - 33." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures28-33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115513" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">33</figureCitation>
|
||
); wing vein M present, with a clear trace line (arrow, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 23 - 27." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures23-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115511" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">27</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lue & Buffington" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Leptopilina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopilina maia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Leptopilina maia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lue & Buffington, sp. n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="986298" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115507" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" start="Figures 1–6" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="46" start="start">Figures</pageBreakToken>
|
||
1-6.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="986314" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures7-10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115508" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" start="Figures 7–10" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Figures 7-10.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="986316" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures11-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115509" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" start="Figures 11–16" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Figures 11-16.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="986318" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115510" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" start="Figures 17–22" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Figures 17-22.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="986320" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures23-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115511" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" start="Figures 23–27" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Figures 23-27.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="986322" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.10369.figures28-33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115513" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" start="Figures 28–33" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Figures 28-33.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |