treatments-xml/data/F2/0B/09/F20B094AFFDA417237C92628FB07FAFE.xml

<document id="27B9533DE2663BAA00122683498227FE" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.208605" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4c94d4a2-a100-4124-b7ef-6586bbbf36dd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="208605" ID-ZooBank="E1B0DD55-07DC-4994-9327-62EF0E0107A1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460539614766" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schaeffner, Bjoern C. &amp; Beveridge, Ian" docDate="2012" docId="F20B094AFFDA417237C92628FB07FAFE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03505p025.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3505" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Prochristianella jensenae Schaeffner &amp; Beveridge, 2012, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="0E327132FFDC417F375E2313FFE9FFF2" masterDocTitle="Prochristianella Dollfus, 1946 (Trypanorhyncha: Eutetrarhynchidae) from elasmobranchs off Borneo and Australia, including new records and the description of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698316859178" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7650665B3B85DE7659AA5EACA283FC91">Prochristianella Dollfus, 1946 (Trypanorhyncha: Eutetrarhynchidae) from elasmobranchs off Borneo and Australia, including new records and the description of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F69272C3A1023AC08ABC6DF0CD649021">Schaeffner, Bjoern C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="39D04895869645E42C236CC478BA667C">Beveridge, Ian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="55EC23595DD9A3CDBFFD81FC35A06313">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="8AF27055733532067EFA27B000F803A5">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="F20B094AFFDA417237C92628FB07FAFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6166963" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119528003" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6166963" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F20B094AFFDA417237C92628FB07FAFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F20B094AFFDA417237C92628FB07FAFE" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="32B8EBD7FFDA417937C92628FEE2FA8A" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA417937C92628FDEAFAA6" blockId="6.[151,515,1339,1400]" box="[151,515,1339,1364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="21550F30FFDA417937C92628FDEAFAA6" bold="true" box="[151,515,1339,1364]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="2">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA417937C92628FDEAFAA6" bold="true" box="[151,515,1339,1364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA417937C92628FE54FAA6" box="[151,445,1339,1364]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jensenae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA417937C92628FE54FAA6" bold="true" box="[151,445,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prochristianella jensenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFDA4179369A262FFDEAFAA6" box="[452,515,1340,1364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA417937C92673FEE2FA8A" blockId="6.[151,515,1339,1400]" box="[151,267,1376,1400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
(
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFDA417937C12673FEEBFA8A" box="[159,258,1376,1400]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1853,1876]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,1309,1332]" captionTargetBox-0="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1423,667,1798]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,179,1287]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[151,1436,643,1808]" captionTargetId-2="figure@9.[151,1436,179,1288]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus gracilicaudus (A, D) and P. solocirostris (B, C). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, internal surface. B. Metabasal region, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. D. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. Scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex in lateral view. C. Tentacular armature; metabasal region, bothrial surface. D. Billhooks in lateral (left) and dorso-ventral (right) views. E. Tentacular armature, basal region, internal surface; note erect billhook. F. Tentacular armature, metabasal region, external surface." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/208610/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/208611/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32B8EBD7FFDA417937C926B4FB18F866" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA417937C926B4FAC5FA32" blockId="6.[151,1436,1447,2012]" box="[151,1324,1447,1472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA417937C926B4FE6BFA32" bold="true" box="[151,386,1447,1472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined:</emphasis>
83 whole-mounts, 
<specimenCount id="6CA473D5FFDA4179350526BBFD0CFA32" box="[603,741,1448,1472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
used for SEM, tentacles detached from 
<specimenCount id="6CA473D5FFDA417933FB26BBFAC1FA32" box="[1189,1320,1448,1472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA4179379926DFFC98F9FA" blockId="6.[151,1436,1447,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA4179379926DFFEAFFA16" bold="true" box="[199,326,1484,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type-host:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA4179361326DFFBFEFA16" authority="Last, Manjaji &amp; Yearsley, Roughnose" authorityName="Last, Manjaji &amp; Yearsley, Roughnose" box="[333,1047,1484,1508]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solocirostris">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA4179361326DFFD80FA16" box="[333,617,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pastinachus solocirostris</emphasis>
Last, Manjaji &amp; Yearsley, Roughnose
</taxonomicName>
stingray (
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA417933D626DFFAE2FA16" box="[1160,1291,1484,1508]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rajiformes</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA4179324826DFFA7DFA16" box="[1302,1428,1484,1508]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dasyatidae</taxonomicName>
) (BO-164, BO-165, BO-177, BO-256, BO-267, KA-44, KA-148).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA417937992500FD7FF96A" blockId="6.[151,1436,1447,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA417937992500FE7CF9DE" bold="true" box="[199,405,1555,1580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Additional hosts:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA417936C02507FD0EF9DE" authority="Macleay" authorityName="Macleay" box="[414,743,1556,1580]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrus">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA417936C02507FD80F9DE" box="[414,617,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pastinachus atrus</emphasis>
(Macleay)
</taxonomicName>
, Eastern cowtail stingray (
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA417933492507FB73F9DE" box="[1047,1178,1556,1580]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rajiformes</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA417933F82507FACDF9DE" box="[1190,1316,1556,1580]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dasyatidae</taxonomicName>
) (KA-32), 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA417937C9252BFC73F9A2" authority="Last &amp; Manjaji-Matsumoto, Narrowtail" authorityName="Last &amp; Manjaji-Matsumoto, Narrowtail" box="[151,922,1592,1616]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilicaudus">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA417937C9252BFE2CF9A2" box="[151,453,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pastinachus gracilicaudus</emphasis>
Last &amp; Manjaji-Matsumoto, Narrowtail
</taxonomicName>
stingray (
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA4179334D252BFB7FF9A2" box="[1043,1174,1592,1616]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rajiformes</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA417933FB252BFACAF9A2" box="[1189,1315,1592,1616]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dasyatidae</taxonomicName>
) (BO-99), 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA417937C9254EFE33F986" authority="Gmelin" authorityName="Gmelin" box="[151,474,1628,1652]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Himantura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uarnak">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA417937C9254EFE81F986" box="[151,360,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Himantura uarnak</emphasis>
(Gmelin)
</taxonomicName>
, Honeycomb stingray (
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA41793581254FFC8BF986" box="[735,866,1628,1652]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rajiformes</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA41793433254FFC07F986" box="[877,1006,1628,1652]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dasyatidae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA4179335F254FFAD5F986" authority="Ogilby" authorityName="Ogilby" box="[1025,1340,1628,1652]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA4179335F254FFB0FF986" box="[1025,1254,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Rhinoptera neglecta</emphasis>
Ogilby
</taxonomicName>
, Australian cownose ray (
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA4179363D2593FE0FF96A" box="[355,486,1664,1688]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rajiformes</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDA417936AE2593FD62F96A" box="[496,651,1664,1688]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myliobatidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA4179379925B0FD54F94E" blockId="6.[151,1436,1447,2012]" box="[199,701,1699,1724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA4179379925B0FE82F94E" bold="true" box="[199,363,1699,1724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type-locality:</emphasis>
Sematan, 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFDA417936BF25B7FDADF94E" box="[481,580,1700,1724]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFDA4179351125B7FD50F94E" box="[591,697,1700,1724]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA4179379925D4FE93F8D5" blockId="6.[151,1436,1447,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA4179379925D4FE28F912" bold="true" box="[199,449,1735,1760]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Additional localities:</emphasis>
Mukah, 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFDA4179357625D4FD61F92D" box="[552,648,1735,1759]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
and Kampung Tetabuan, Sabah, 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFDA4179335D25D4FB84F92D" box="[1027,1133,1735,1759]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
; Muara Pasir and Sei Kerbau, East Kalimantan, and Singkawang, West Kalimantan, 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFDA4179347525FFFC72F8F6" box="[811,923,1772,1796]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
; Weipa, Queensland and Nickol Bay, Western 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFDA417937C9241CFEE8F8D5" box="[151,257,1807,1831]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFDA41793655241CFE9CF8D5" box="[267,373,1807,1831]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA417937992420FDABF8BE" blockId="6.[151,1436,1447,2012]" box="[199,578,1843,1868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA417937992420FE62F8BE" bold="true" box="[199,395,1843,1868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Site of infection:</emphasis>
Spiral intestine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA417937992444FB18F866" blockId="6.[151,1436,1447,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA417937992444FE2EF882" bold="true" box="[199,455,1879,1904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Deposited specimens:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="A51906FEFFDA417936902444FDDFF89D" box="[462,566,1879,1903]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFDA417935182444FD76F89D" box="[582,671,1879,1903]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MZUM</collectionCode>
No 2012.04). 
<typeStatus id="A51906FEFFDA4179341C244AFC46F883" box="[834,943,1881,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
in (
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFDA417934852444FBDDF89D" box="[987,1076,1879,1903]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MZUM</collectionCode>
Nos 2012.05–08; 
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFDA4179325A244AFAA8F882" box="[1284,1345,1881,1904]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MZB</collectionCode>
Nos Ca 168–175; 
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFDA41793656246FFE8BF866" box="[264,354,1916,1940]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">USNPC</collectionCode>
Nos 105181–105182; LRP Nos 7843–7849; and 
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFDA417934D2246FFC20F866" box="[908,969,1916,1940]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">SAM</collectionCode>
Nos 
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFDA4179335A246FFBD6F866" box="[1028,1087,1916,1940]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">AHC</collectionCode>
35408–35450).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32B8EBD7FFDA4179379924B3FEECF82E" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDA4179379924B3FEECF82E" blockId="6.[151,1436,1447,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDA4179379924B3FEB8F84A" bold="true" box="[199,337,1952,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is dedicated to Dr. Kirsten Jensen for her significant sampling efforts in Borneo and 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFDA417937C924D7FEEBF82E" box="[151,258,1988,2012]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2EDDE8D4FFDB417837C9256BFBEEF939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDB417837C9256BFBEEF939" blockId="7.[151,1436,1656,1739]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB417837C9256BFEFAF97C" bold="true" box="[151,275,1656,1679]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDB41783644256BFDF7F97D" box="[282,542,1656,1679]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jensenae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB41783644256BFDF7F97D" box="[282,542,1656,1679]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prochristianella jensenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB4178357B256AFDB6F97C" bold="true" box="[549,607,1657,1678]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFDB4178357B256AFDB6F97C" box="[549,607,1657,1678]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFDB417835C0256BFC76F97C" box="[670,927,1656,1678]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solocirostris">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB417835C0256BFC76F97C" box="[670,927,1656,1678]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pastinachus solocirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB417834F2256AFC57F97C" bold="true" box="[940,958,1657,1678]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
. Complete specimen. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB417833FF256AFB5BF97C" bold="true" box="[1185,1202,1657,1678]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
. Scolex. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB4178324C256BFACDF97D" bold="true" box="[1298,1316,1656,1679]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB417836DB258BFE7EF95F" bold="true" box="[389,407,1688,1709]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D</emphasis>
. Mature segment. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB4178350B258BFD8FF95F" bold="true" box="[597,614,1688,1709]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E</emphasis>
. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="32B8EBD7FFDB4175379925E0FD29FF05" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFDB4177379925E0FAD4FF26" blockId="7.[151,1436,1779,2019]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,572]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFDB4178379925E0FEB2F8FE" bold="true" box="[199,347,1779,1804]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Description:</emphasis>
Cestodes, small, euapolytic, 2.3–5.9 (3.3 ± 0.9; n = 18) mm long, with 5–7 (6 ± 1; n = 10) segments (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFDB417837B42404FED0F8DD" box="[234,313,1815,1839]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
A, 6A). Scolex acraspedote, 950–1,620 (1,220 ± 170; n = 18) long, 150–190 (180 ± 20; n = 6) wide at level of bothria (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFDB417836302428FE5AF8A1" box="[366,435,1851,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B); pars bothrialis 170–280 (230 ± 30; n = 19) long; two oval bothria, with free posterior margins, notched posteriorly, with internal V-shaped ridge (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFDB41783473244CFC95F885" box="[813,892,1887,1911]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
B, 6B); pars vaginalis 530–1,080 (760 ± 160; n = 18) long; tentacle sheaths sinuous; pars bulbosa 370–520 (450 ± 40; n = 18) long, 140–200 (170 ± 20; n = 19) wide; prebulbar organs present; bulbs elongate, thin-walled, 360–500 (420 ± 30; n = 19) long, 50–80 (60 ± 10; n = 19) wide (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFDB4178378324D8FECBF811" box="[221,290,1995,2019]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B, C); bulb width: length ratio 1.0: 5.1–9.2 (7.3 ± 1.2; n = 19); retractor muscle originates at base of bulb; gland-cells within bulb absent (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD4417735622384FD68FF5D" box="[572,641,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B, C); scolex ratio (pars bothrialis: pars vaginalis: pars bulbosa) 1.0: 2.3–5.2: 1.8–2.6 (1.0: 3.4 ± 0.7: 2.0 ± 0.2; n = 18). Pars postbulbosa short, 50–110 (80 ± 20; n = 7) long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD44177379923CCFC4FFDCE" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,572]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Everted tentacles c. 410 (n = 1) long; tentacle diameter 40–45 (43 ± 2; n = 5) at base, 30–40 (35 ± 5; n = 5) in metabasal region, 25–33 (29 ± 4; n = 5) in distal region. Armature heteroacanthous, heteromorphous; hooks hollow (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD4417737C12234FF07FECD" box="[159,238,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1853,1876]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,667,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,643,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus gracilicaudus (A, D) and P. solocirostris (B, C). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, internal surface. B. Metabasal region, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. D. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208610/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
A–D, 6C, F). Metabasal armature arranged in ascending half-spiral rows; hook rows consist of 6 hooks, begin on bothrial surface of tentacle (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD44177351F225FFD6CFE96" box="[577,645,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1853,1876]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,667,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,643,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus gracilicaudus (A, D) and P. solocirostris (B, C). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, internal surface. B. Metabasal region, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. D. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208610/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
D), terminate on antibothrial surface (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD44177336D225FFB9EFE96" box="[1075,1143,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1853,1876]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,667,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,643,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus gracilicaudus (A, D) and P. solocirostris (B, C). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, internal surface. B. Metabasal region, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. D. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208610/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B, C); hook files 1 and 1’ slightly spaced (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD441773610227CFE75FE75" box="[334,412,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1853,1876]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,667,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,643,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus gracilicaudus (A, D) and P. solocirostris (B, C). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, internal surface. B. Metabasal region, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. D. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208610/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
D, 6C); hooks increase in size and then decrease towards antibothrial surface (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD44177324F227CFAB4FE75" box="[1297,1373,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1853,1876]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,667,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,643,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus gracilicaudus (A, D) and P. solocirostris (B, C). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, internal surface. B. Metabasal region, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. D. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208610/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
A–D, 6F); hooks 1(1’) uncinate, 8–11 (9 ± 1; n = 7) long, base 5–8 (6 ± 1; n = 7) long; hooks 2(2’) larger, falcate with slightly recurved tip, 12–14 (13 ± 1; n = 7) long, base 4–5 (4 ± 1; n = 7) long; hooks 3(3’) falcate with slightly recurved tip, 11–14 (12 ± 1; n = 8) long, base 3–4 (4 ± 1; n = 8) long; hooks 4(4’) falcate, smaller, 9–11 (11 ± 1; n = 8) long, base 2–3 (2 ± 1; n = 8) long; hooks 5(5’) falcate, smaller, 9–10 (9; n = 8) long, base 2–3 (2; n = 8) long; hooks 6(6’) falcate, 8–10 (9 ± 1; n = 8) long, base 1–2 (1; n = 8) long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2EDDE8D4FFD4417737C9242EFC46F862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208610/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[164,1423,667,1798]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD4417737C9242EFC46F862" blockId="8.[151,1436,1853,1937]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD4417737C9242EFEFCF8A1" bold="true" box="[151,277,1853,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD441773640242EFDCAF8A1" box="[286,547,1853,1875]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jensenae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD441773640242EFDCAF8A1" box="[286,547,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Prochristianella jensenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD441773573242DFD81F8A1" bold="true" box="[557,616,1854,1875]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD441773573242DFD81F8A1" box="[557,616,1854,1875]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD4417735F5242EFC53F8A1" box="[683,954,1853,1875]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilicaudus">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD4417735F5242EFC53F8A1" box="[683,954,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pastinachus gracilicaudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD441773492242EFC37F8A0" bold="true" box="[972,990,1853,1874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD4417734B3242DFC16F8A1" bold="true" box="[1005,1023,1854,1875]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D</emphasis>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD441773363242DFB3EF8A1" box="[1085,1239,1853,1875]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solocirostris">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD441773363242DFB3EF8A1" box="[1085,1239,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. solocirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD4417733B6242DFB10F8A1" bold="true" box="[1256,1273,1854,1875]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD441773256242EFAF3F8A6" bold="true" box="[1288,1306,1853,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
). Tentacular armature. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD4417737A0244FFEF9F883" bold="true" box="[254,272,1884,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
. Basal and metabasal regions, internal surface. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD4417735A5244FFCE5F883" bold="true" box="[763,780,1884,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
. Metabasal region, antibothrial surface. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD4417733F52448FB54F880" bold="true" box="[1195,1213,1883,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD4417736E12468FE38F862" bold="true" box="[447,465,1915,1936]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D</emphasis>
. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2EDDE8D4FFD5417637C9260EFE11FA7D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208611/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[151,1435,179,1287]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD5417637C9260EFE11FA7D" blockId="9.[151,1436,1309,1423]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD5417637C9260EFEFFFAC1" bold="true" box="[151,278,1309,1332]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD54176367E260DFDCEFAC6" box="[288,551,1310,1332]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jensenae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD54176367E260DFDCEFAC6" box="[288,551,1310,1332]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prochristianella jensenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD54176356F260DFD84FAC1" bold="true" box="[561,621,1310,1331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD54176356F260DFD84FAC1" box="[561,621,1310,1331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD5417635EC260DFC5CFAC6" box="[690,949,1310,1332]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solocirostris">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD5417635EC260DFC5CFAC6" box="[690,949,1310,1332]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pastinachus solocirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scanning electron micrographs. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD541763249260DFAC0FAC1" bold="true" box="[1303,1321,1310,1331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A</emphasis>
. Complete specimen. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD54176365D262EFEFDFAA0" bold="true" box="[259,276,1341,1362]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B</emphasis>
. Scolex in lateral view. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD54176355A262FFDFFFAA1" bold="true" box="[516,534,1340,1363]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C</emphasis>
. Tentacular armature; metabasal region, bothrial surface. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD541763305262EFB84FAA0" bold="true" box="[1115,1133,1341,1362]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D</emphasis>
. Billhooks in lateral (
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD541763217262FFA80FAA0" box="[1353,1385,1340,1362]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">left</emphasis>
) and dorso-ventral (
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD5417636732648FEB7FA83" box="[301,350,1371,1393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">right</emphasis>
) views. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD5417636E82648FE2EFA82" bold="true" box="[438,455,1371,1392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E</emphasis>
. Tentacular armature, basal region, internal surface; note erect billhook. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD5417633F12648FB55FA82" bold="true" box="[1199,1212,1371,1392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">F</emphasis>
. Tentacular armature, metabasal region, external surface.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD54176379926AFFBF3F9B2" blockId="9.[151,1437,1468,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Basal armature distinct, basal swelling absent (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD54176358D26AFFCF6FA26" box="[723,799,1468,1492]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1853,1876]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,667,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,643,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus gracilicaudus (A, D) and P. solocirostris (B, C). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, internal surface. B. Metabasal region, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. D. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208610/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
A, C, 6E); largest hooks at base uncinate, solid, 9–12 (11 ± 1; n = 6) long, base 5–7 (6 ± 1; n = 6) long; billhooks anterior to base of tentacles hollow, erect, 8–9 (9 ± 1; n = 13) long; base inconspicuous, 2–3 (2; n = 13) long (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD5417635B22517FCD3F9EE" box="[748,826,1540,1564]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1853,1876]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,667,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,643,1808]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus gracilicaudus (A, D) and P. solocirostris (B, C). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, internal surface. B. Metabasal region, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. D. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208610/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
A, C, 6D, E), flattened in antero-posterior plane (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD5417632302517FF4FF9B2" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1309,1332]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1287]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,179,1288]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. Scanning electron micrographs. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex in lateral view. C. Tentacular armature; metabasal region, bothrial surface. D. Billhooks in lateral (left) and dorso-ventral (right) views. E. Tentacular armature, basal region, internal surface; note erect billhook. F. Tentacular armature, metabasal region, external surface." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208611/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
D), form several rows surrounding tentacle, not intermingled with other hooks.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD541763799255FFE8EF802" blockId="9.[151,1437,1468,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Segments acraspedote; mature segments longer than wide, 720–2,040 (1,340 ± 360; n = 19) long, 120–250 (180 ± 30; n = 19) wide (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD5417636F12563FE1AF97A" box="[431,499,1648,1672]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
D); genital pores alternate irregularly, on lateral margins; pore inconspicuous; cirrus sac oval, thick-walled, in mid-line of segment or slightly anterior (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD5417634C42587FC09F95E" box="[922,992,1684,1708]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
D, E), 83–125 (103 ± 21; n = 4) long, 48–150 (88 ± 46; n = 4) wide; cirrus unarmed, strongly coiled inside cirrus sac; internal and external seminal vesicles absent. Testes exclusively preovarian, subspherical, in two columns, in single layer, 37–56 (46 ± 6; n = 11) in number, almost same number anterior and posterior to cirrus sac, 16–30 (22 ± 5; n = 11) preporal, 19–28 (23 ± 3; n = 11) postporal, 50–85 (60 ± 9; n = 16) long, 35–50 (39 ± 4; n = 16) wide (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD5417634B82437FBC2F8CE" box="[998,1067,1828,1852]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
D). Vagina 15–20 (18 ± 2; n = 4) wide; seminal receptacle between ovarian lobes anterior to ovarian isthmus, oval, 36–43 (39 ± 5; n = 2) long, 26–31 (29 ± 3; n = 2) wide; ovary bilobed in dorso-ventral view; ovarian lobes 250–405 (304 ± 49; n = 12) long, 28–63 (51 ± 12; n = 12) wide (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD5417636B12483FDDAF85A" box="[495,563,1936,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
D); Mehlis’ gland posterior to ovarian isthmus, 30–40 (34 ± 4; n = 4) in diameter; vitelline follicles circumcortical, 13–20 (16 ± 2; n = 17) in diameter; uterus median, tubular, simple; uterine pore not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD6417537992384FD29FF05" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1111]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Gravid segments longer than wide, 1,210–2,850 (1,860 ± 710; n = 5) long, 310–400 (340 ± 40; n = 5) wide (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD6417537C123AFFF0BFF26" box="[159,226,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1656,1679]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,217,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Prochristianella jensenae n. sp. from Pastinachus solocirostris. A. Complete specimen. B. Scolex. C. Bulb; note absence of gland-cells. D. Mature segment. E. Gravid segment. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; isv, internal seminal vesicle; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; ut, uterus; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208609/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
E); uterus saccate, distinctly swollen in region of genital pore; eggs ovoid, thin-shelled, non-operculate, nonembryonated, 21–25 (23 ± 1; n = 40) in diameter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32B8EBD7FFD6417537992217FEC9FB1A" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD6417537992217FEA6FBA5" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1111]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417537992217FED4FEEE" bold="true" box="[199,317,260,284]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks:</emphasis>
The species described above is allocated to the genus 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417534C12217FBBCFEEE" box="[927,1109,260,284]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417534C12217FBBCFEEE" box="[927,1109,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Prochristianella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, due to the presence of prebulbar organs and the changes in hook sizes in the metabasal armature, with hooks gradually increasing and then decreasing in size. Specimens of this species can be easily recognized by having characteristic erect, hollow billhooks in the basal armature of each tentacle. 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417535D22263FC43FE7A" box="[652,938,368,392]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jensenae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417535D22263FC43FE7A" box="[652,938,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Prochristianella jensenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417534EF2263FC19FE7A" bold="true" box="[945,1008,368,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD6417534EF2263FC19FE7A" box="[945,1008,368,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
represents a unique species within the genus, since it lacks gland-cells within the tentacular bulbs. The presence of gland-cells is one of the defining features for taxa within the Eutetrarhynchoidea 
<bibRefCitation id="1E33C5ADFFD6417535C222A4FCD1FE3D" author="Dollfus" box="[668,824,439,463]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Dollfus, R. P. (1969) De quelques cestodes tetrarhynques (heteracantes et pecilacanthes) recoltes chez des poissons de la Mediterranee. Vie et Milieu, Serie A, 20, 491 - 542." type="journal article" year="1969">Dollfus, 1969</bibRefCitation>
(see Palm 2004). Only two other species within this superfamily, namely 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417536DA22CFFC18FE06" authority="Shipley &amp; Hornell, 1906" authorityName="Shipley &amp; Hornell" authorityYear="1906" box="[388,1009,476,500]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinoptericolidae" genus="Shirleyrhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aetobatidis">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417536DA22CFFD57FE06" box="[388,702,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Shirleyrhynchus aetobatidis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1E33C5ADFFD64175359022CFFC01FE06" author="Shipley" box="[718,1000,476,500]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Shipley, A. E. &amp; Hornell, J. (1906) Report on the cestode and nematode parasites from the marine fishes of Ceylon. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, Part 5, London, pp. 43 - 96." type="book chapter" year="1906">Shipley &amp; Hornell, 1906</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD64175337422CFFE43FDE5" authority="Carvajal &amp; Campbell, 1975" authorityName="Carvajal &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="1975" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinoptericolidae" genus="Rhinoptericola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD64175337422CFFA8BFE06" box="[1066,1378,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhinoptericola megacantha</emphasis>
Carvajal &amp; Campbell, 1975
</taxonomicName>
, lack gland-cells inside the muscular bulbs (see 
<bibRefCitation id="1E33C5ADFFD64175349522ECFAFDFDE5" author="Beveridge" box="[971,1300,511,535]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Beveridge, I. &amp; Campbell, R. A. (1988) Cetorhinicola n. g., Shirleyrhynchus n. g. and Stragulorhynchus n. g., three new genera of trypanorhynch cestodes from elasmobranchs in Australian waters. Systematic Parasitology, 12, 47 - 60." type="journal article" year="1988">Beveridge &amp; Campbell 1988</bibRefCitation>
, Carvajal &amp; Campbell 1975, Palm 2004). Both species, however, possess a scolex with four oval bothria, a character of the family 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417537E32154FD22FDAD" authority="Carvajal &amp; Campbell, 1975" authorityName="Carvajal &amp; Campbell" authorityYear="1975" box="[189,715,583,607]" class="Cestoda" family="Rhinoptericolidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Rhinoptericolidae Carvajal &amp; Campbell, 1975</taxonomicName>
to which both species belong. 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD64175336E215BFABBFD92" box="[1072,1362,584,608]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jensenae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD64175336E215BFABBFD92" box="[1072,1362,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Prochristianella jensenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD641753205215BFA75FD92" bold="true" box="[1371,1436,584,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD641753205215BFA75FD92" box="[1371,1436,584,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has only two bothria and, thus, represents the first taxon within the 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417534CE217FFB1AFD76" authority="Guiart, 1927" authorityName="Guiart" authorityYear="1927" box="[912,1267,620,644]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">
Eutetrarhynchidae 
<bibRefCitation id="1E33C5ADFFD64175333B217FFB1AFD76" author="Guiart" box="[1125,1267,620,644]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Guiart, J. (1927) Classification des tetrarhynques. Association Francaise pour l'Avancement des Sciences. 50 eme session, Lyon, 1926, 397 - 401." type="journal article" year="1927">Guiart, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
lacking glandcells. Although allocated within the genus 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417535212183FCDFFD5A" box="[639,822,656,680]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417535212183FCDFFD5A" box="[639,822,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Prochristianella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to apparent similarities, 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417533DC2182FAE8FD5A" box="[1154,1281,657,680]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jensenae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417533DC2182FAE8FD5A" box="[1154,1281,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. jensenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417532542183FAA2FD5A" bold="true" box="[1290,1355,656,680]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD6417532542183FAA2FD5A" box="[1290,1355,656,680]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from all congeners in having a cirrus sac situated at the mid-line of the proglottid, absence of a basal swelling and a large number of testes posterior to the cirrus sac. The most distinctive characteristic, however, are the principle hook rows in the metabasal tentacular armature, which run from the bothrial to the antibothrial surface. This commencement of the principle hook rows on the bothrial surface has also been reported for another species, 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD64175326E2032FA75FCCA" box="[1328,1436,800,824]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD64175326E2032FA75FCCA" box="[1328,1436,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="1E33C5ADFFD6417537E72057FE56FCAE" author="Heinz" box="[185,447,836,860]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Heinz, M. L. &amp; Dailey, M. D. (1974) The Trypanorhyncha (Cestoda) of elasmobranch fishes from southern California and northern Mexico. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 41, 161 - 169." type="journal article" year="1974">Heinz &amp; Dailey (1974)</bibRefCitation>
. The differences from congeners, however, are not considered to be sufficient to warrant the erection of a new genus. More material preserved in ethanol for molecular studies is needed to clarify the taxonomic placement of 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD641753625209EFE11FC56" box="[379,504,909,932]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="jensenae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD641753625209EFE11FC56" box="[379,504,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. jensenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417536A0209FFDD4FC56" bold="true" box="[510,573,908,932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD6417536A0209FFDD4FC56" box="[510,573,908,932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
This species was collected from six localities from Borneo and two localities from northern 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFD64175366420BCFE4CFC35" box="[314,421,943,967]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
. Although a huge number of elasmobranch hosts have been collected in waters off Borneo, the present specimens were obtained exclusively from the spiral intestines of three species of the dasyatid genus 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417537C920EBFE6DFBFD" authority="Ruppell" authorityName="Ruppell" box="[151,388,1015,1040]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417537C920EBFEC9FBE2" box="[151,288,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pastinachus</emphasis>
Rüppell
</taxonomicName>
, revealing a high host specificity. However, this high host specificity of 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417533E620EAFADAFBE2" box="[1208,1331,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. j e n s e n a e</emphasis>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD64175326020EBFA97FBE2" bold="true" box="[1342,1406,1016,1040]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">n. sp.</emphasis>
in Borneo is considered to be a local phenomenon with host species of other genera being infected outside the Indo- Malayan region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD6417537C927BFFEC9FB1A" blockId="10.[151,558,1196,1256]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417537C927BFFE01FB36" box="[151,488,1196,1220]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kostadinovae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417537C927BFFE01FB36" box="[151,488,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Prochristianella kostadinovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417536B127BFFDC7FB36" bold="true" box="[495,558,1196,1220]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD6417536B127BFFDC7FB36" box="[495,558,1196,1220]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD6417537C127C3FF0CFB1A" box="[159,229,1232,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 7</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD64175365727C3FEFEFB1A" box="[265,279,1232,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[175,1427,311,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,301,1827]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, external surface. B. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface; note opposing surface to (B) of the same tentacle. D. Outlines of metabasal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208613/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32B8EBD7FFD6417537C92604FD07F9FA" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD6417537C92604FDBAFAC2" blockId="10.[151,1437,1303,1976]" box="[151,595,1303,1328]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417537C92604FE6BFAC2" bold="true" box="[151,386,1303,1328]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Material examined:</emphasis>
11 whole-mounts.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD641753799262FFEFDFA8A" blockId="10.[151,1437,1303,1976]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD641753799262FFEAFFAA6" bold="true" box="[199,326,1340,1364]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type-host:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD641753611262EFDCAFAA6" box="[335,547,1340,1364]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Himantura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uarnak">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD641753611262EFDCAFAA6" box="[335,547,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Himantura uarnak</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2 (
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD641753513262EFD62FAA6" box="[589,651,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1E33C5ADFFD6417535CB262FFC83FAA6" author="Naylor" box="[661,874,1340,1364]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Naylor, G. J. P., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Rosana, K. A. M., White, W. T. &amp; Last, P. R. (2012) A DNA sequence-based approach to the identification of shark and ray species and its implications for global elasmobranch diversity and parasitology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (in press)." type="book" year="2012">
Naylor 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417535B2262EFCC9FAA6" box="[748,800,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) (
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD6417534DD262FFBEFFAA6" box="[899,1030,1340,1364]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rajiformes</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD64175334C262FFB79FAA6" box="[1042,1168,1340,1364]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dasyatidae</taxonomicName>
) (CM03-24, CM03-25, CM03-65).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD6417537992690FD2EFA6E" blockId="10.[151,1437,1303,1976]" box="[199,711,1411,1436]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417537992690FE82FA6E" bold="true" box="[199,363,1411,1436]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type-locality:</emphasis>
Weipa, Queensland, 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFD6417535072697FD2AFA6E" box="[601,707,1412,1436]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD64175379926B4FDABFA32" blockId="10.[151,1437,1303,1976]" box="[199,578,1447,1472]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD64175379926B4FE62FA32" bold="true" box="[199,395,1447,1472]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Site of infection:</emphasis>
Spiral intestine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD64175379926D8FD07F9FA" blockId="10.[151,1437,1303,1976]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD64175379926D8FE1CFA16" bold="true" box="[199,501,1483,1508]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Deposition of specimens:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="A51906FEFFD6417536A126DFFD8EFA16" box="[511,615,1484,1508]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFD64175352426DFFD51FA16" box="[634,696,1484,1508]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SAM</collectionCode>
No 
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFD6417535B126DFFCC3FA16" box="[751,810,1484,1508]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">AHC</collectionCode>
35400). 
<typeStatus id="A51906FEFFD6417534CB26DEFBEBFA17" box="[917,1026,1485,1509]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
in (
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFD64175336A26DFFB9BFA16" box="[1076,1138,1484,1508]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SAM</collectionCode>
Nos 
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFD6417533EB26DFFB19FA16" box="[1205,1264,1484,1508]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">AHC</collectionCode>
35401–35402; LRP Nos 7835–7837; 
<collectionCode id="1CB32099FFD6417536CC26E3FE05F9FA" box="[402,492,1520,1544]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USNPC</collectionCode>
Nos 105178–105179).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32B8EBD7FFD6417537992507FA8CF9DE" box="[199,1381,1556,1580]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD6417537992507FA8CF9DE" blockId="10.[151,1437,1303,1976]" box="[199,1381,1556,1580]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417537992507FEB8F9DE" bold="true" box="[199,337,1556,1580]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is dedicated to Dr. Aneta Kostadinova for her contributions to fish parasitology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32B8EBD7FFD6417237992524FDE7FCE6" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD6417537992524FBCFF84A" blockId="10.[151,1437,1303,1976]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD6417537992524FEB2F9A2" bold="true" box="[199,347,1591,1616]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description:</emphasis>
Cestodes, small, 4.6–5.6 (5.2 ± 0.3; n = 7) mm long, with 9–10 (9; n = 7) segments. Scolex acraspedote, 1,265–1,590 (1,422 ± 119; n = 7) long, maximum width at level of bothria, 360–400 (375 ± 16; n = 5) wide (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD6417537802593FECAF96A" box="[222,291,1664,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A, C); pars bothrialis 190–270 (236 ± 28; n = 7) long; two oval bothria, 210–230 (223 ± 12; n = 3) long, 230–300 (263 ± 29; n = 4) wide, with free margins, rims thickened, posteriorly notched, with prominent Vshaped ridge (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD64175366A25DBFE9EF912" box="[308,375,1736,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A, C); pars vaginalis 750–1,070 (923 ± 118; n = 7) long; tentacle sheaths sinuous to irregularly coiled (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD6417537B025FFFEDAF8F6" box="[238,307,1772,1796]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A, C); pars bulbosa 470–525 (496 ± 23; n = 7) long, 180–230 (209 ± 17; n = 7) wide; prebulbar organs present, small; bulbs elongate, sinuous, thick-walled, 480–510 (491 ± 10; n = 10) long, 70–90 (76 ± 1; n = 10) wide, reach to pars proliferans (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD6417535792427FD80F8BE" box="[551,617,1844,1868]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
C, D); bulb width: length ratio 1.0: 5.4–7.1 (6.5 ± 0.6; n = 10); retractor muscle inserts at base of bulb; gland-cells within bulb present (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD64175342E244BFC5DF882" box="[880,948,1880,1904]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
C, D), mostly in posterior third of bulb, in some specimens to anterior end or anterior third of bulb; scolex ratio (pars bothrialis: pars vaginalis: pars bulbosa) 1.0: 3.2–4.7: 1.9–2.5 (1.0: 4.0 ± 0.6: 2.1 ± 0.2; n = 7). Pars postbulbosa absent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2EDDE8D4FFD7417437C9254FFDF8F942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD7417437C9254FFDF8F942" blockId="11.[151,1436,1628,1712]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD7417437C9254FFEFBF980" bold="true" box="[151,274,1628,1651]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD741743647254EFDA0F981" box="[281,585,1629,1651]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kostadinovae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD741743647254EFDA0F981" box="[281,585,1629,1651]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Prochristianella kostadinovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD74174350E254EFD60F980" bold="true" box="[592,649,1629,1650]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD74174350E254EFD60F980" box="[592,649,1629,1650]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD741743599254DFC6DF981" box="[711,900,1629,1651]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Himantura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uarnak">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD741743599254DFC6DF981" box="[711,900,1629,1651]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Himantura uarnak</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2 (
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD7417434FB254DFC34F981" box="[933,989,1630,1651]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sensu</emphasis>
Naylor 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD74174336F254DFBB5F981" box="[1073,1116,1629,1651]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al</emphasis>
. 2012). 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD7417433EF254EFB2AF980" bold="true" box="[1201,1219,1629,1650]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A</emphasis>
. Partial specimen. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD7417432DA254EFA7CF980" bold="true" box="[1412,1429,1629,1650]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">B</emphasis>
. Mature segment. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD7417436162568FEB3F960" bold="true" box="[328,346,1659,1682]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C</emphasis>
. Scolex. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD7417436E4256FFE25F963" bold="true" box="[442,460,1660,1681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">D</emphasis>
. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD74173379925C4FD84FF05" blockId="11.[151,1437,1751,2027]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1435,151,247]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Everted tentacles 590–650 (613 ± 23; n = 6) long; tentacle diameter 23–35 (30 ± 4; n = 6) at base, 35–43 (38 ± 2; n = 8) at level of basal armature, 33–40 (37 ± 2; n = 12) in metabasal region. Armature heteroacanthous, heteromorphous; hooks hollow (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD7417436E3240CFE17F8C5" box="[445,510,1823,1847]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[175,1427,311,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,301,1827]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, external surface. B. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface; note opposing surface to (B) of the same tentacle. D. Outlines of metabasal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A–D). Metabasal armature arranged in ascending half-spiral rows; hook rows consist of 10 hooks (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD74174363C2450FE4EF8A9" box="[354,423,1859,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[175,1427,311,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,301,1827]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, external surface. B. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface; note opposing surface to (B) of the same tentacle. D. Outlines of metabasal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
D), begin on antibothrial surface of tentacle, terminate on bothrial surface (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD7417432502450FABBF8A9" box="[1294,1362,1859,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[175,1427,311,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,301,1827]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, external surface. B. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface; note opposing surface to (B) of the same tentacle. D. Outlines of metabasal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A, C); hook files 1 and 1’ separated by prominent space (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD7417435902474FCF8F88D" box="[718,785,1895,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[175,1427,311,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,301,1827]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, external surface. B. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface; note opposing surface to (B) of the same tentacle. D. Outlines of metabasal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
B); hooks 1(1’) uncinate, with elongate base, 16–21 (18 ± 2; n = 8) long, base 13–15 (14 ± 1; n = 8) long; hooks 2(2’) larger, falcate, with slightly recurved tip, 17–21 (19 ± 1; n = 14) long, base 8–10 (9 ± 1; n = 9) long; hooks 3(3’) slightly larger, falcate, with recurved tip, 19–21 (20 ± 1; n = 8) long, base 7–10 (8 ± 1; n = 8) long; hooks 4(4’) smaller, falcate, 9–13 (11 ± 1; n = 12) long, base 2–4 (3 ± 1; n = 10) long; hooks 5(5’) larger, falcate, 17–20 (18 ± 1; n = 10) long, base 3–5 (4 ± 1; n = 10) long; hooks 6(6’) smaller, falcate, 6–9 (8 ± 1; n = 12) long, base 2–5 (3 ± 1; n = 12) long; hooks 7(7’)–10(10’) tiny, falcate, 3–5 (4 ± 1; n = 17) long, base 2–3 (2; n = 17) long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2EDDE8D4FFD0417337C9242BFB35F87E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208613/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[175,1427,311,1811]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD0417337C9242BFB35F87E" blockId="12.[151,1436,1848,1932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD0417337C9242BFEFBF8BC" bold="true" box="[151,274,1848,1871]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD041733646242AFDA0F8BD" box="[280,585,1849,1871]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kostadinovae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD041733646242AFDA0F8BD" box="[280,585,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Prochristianella kostadinovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD041733511242AFD61F8BC" bold="true" box="[591,648,1849,1870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD041733511242AFD61F8BC" box="[591,648,1849,1870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD04173359A2429FC6BF8BD" box="[708,898,1849,1871]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Himantura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uarnak">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD04173359A2429FC6BF8BD" box="[708,898,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Himantura uarnak</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2 (
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD0417334FC2429FC33F8BD" box="[930,986,1850,1871]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sensu</emphasis>
Naylor 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD0417333732429FBB0F8BD" box="[1069,1113,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
. 2012). Tentacular armature. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD0417332DD242AFA7CF8BC" bold="true" box="[1411,1429,1849,1870]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
. Basal and metabasal regions, external surface. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD041733520244BFD66F89F" bold="true" box="[638,655,1880,1901]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD0417333F62444FB53F89C" bold="true" box="[1192,1210,1879,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface; note opposing surface to (
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD0417335FE2464FD58F87E" bold="true" box="[672,689,1911,1932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
) of the same tentacle. 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD0417334C82464FC41F87E" bold="true" box="[918,936,1911,1932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">D</emphasis>
. Outlines of metabasal hooks.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD04172379924AAFC9FFEEE" blockId="12.[151,1436,1977,2037]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,1292]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Characteristic basal armature present (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD04173352624AAFD52F823" box="[632,699,1977,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[175,1427,311,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,301,1827]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, external surface. B. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface; note opposing surface to (B) of the same tentacle. D. Outlines of metabasal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208613/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A); basal hooks of first two rows not enlarged, 5–6 (6 ± 1; n = 4) long, base 4–5 (5 ± 1; n = 2) long; basal swelling weakly developed, with 5 rows of billhooks; billhooks increase slightly in size towards bothrial surface; largest billhooks on bothrial surface, 5–6 (6 ± 1; n = 9) long, base 1–2 (2; n = 9) long; first two rows of hooks on antibothrial surface of basal swelling spiniform, 5–7 (6 ± 1; n = 6) long, base 1 (n = 5) long; become falcate with recurved tips at hook rows 7–9, 5–7 (6 ± 1; n = 5) long, base 1–2 (1; n = 4) long; transition to metabasal armature occurs at row 11 (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD1417234502217FCB8FEEE" box="[782,849,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[175,1427,311,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,301,1827]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). Tentacular armature. A. Basal and metabasal regions, external surface. B. Basal and metabasal regions, antibothrial surface. C. Basal and metabasal regions, bothrial surface; note opposing surface to (B) of the same tentacle. D. Outlines of metabasal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208613/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD1417237992234FEEDFD1D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1292]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Segments acraspedote; first mature segments slightly elongate, 120–210 (151 ± 34; n = 6) long, 110–160 (133 ± 19; n = 6) wide; late mature segments elongate, 1,310–1,545 (1,397 ± 80; n = 6) long, 170–235 (197 ± 24; n = 6) wide (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD141723783227CFEC9FE7A" box="[221,288,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A, B); genital pores alternate irregularly, on lateral margins, in posterior half of segment (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD14172324C227CFABCFE7A" box="[1298,1365,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A, B); pore inconspicuous; cirrus sac sub-circular, thick-walled, 75–110 (93 ± 13; n = 6) long, 90–128 (105 ± 13; n = 6) wide (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD1417237BF22A4FEC1FE3D" box="[225,296,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B); cirrus unarmed; internal and external seminal vesicles absent. Testes preovarian, subspherical, 58–70 (66 ± 4; n = 12) long, 33–45 (39 ± 5; n = 12) wide, in two longitudinal columns, in two layers; layers of testes directly above each other in dorso-ventral view (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD1417235BC22ECFCCFFDE5" box="[738,806,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B); testes 58–73 (65 ± 5; n = 9) in number, 42–60 (51 ± 5; n = 9) preporal, 11–17 (14 ± 2; n = 9) postporal. Vagina c. 15 (n = 1) wide; seminal receptacle not observed; ovary bilobed in dorso-ventral view; ovarian lobes 120–195 (155 ± 22; n = 12) long, 38–65 (52 ± 9; n = 12) wide (
<figureCitation id="E299A4D9FFD1417237C1217FFF0AFD76" box="[159,227,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[185,1414,210,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1607]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Prochristianella kostadinovae n. sp. from Himantura uarnak 2 (sensu Naylor et al. 2012). A. Partial specimen. B. Mature segment. C. Scolex. D. Bulb. Abbreviations: cs, cirrus sac; gc, gland-cells; mg, Mehlis’ gland; ov, ovary; rm, retractor muscle; t, testis; vit, vitelline follicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208612/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B); Mehlis’ gland between posterior parts of ovarian lobes, 55–68 (59 ± 5; n = 6) in diameter; vitelline follicles circumcortical, 30–38 (33 ± 2; n = 10) long, 13–15 (15 ± 1; n = 10) wide in mature segments, 35–43 (39 ± 2; n = 10) long, 18–20 (18 ± 1; n = 10) wide in late mature segments; uterus median, tubular, simple; uterine pore not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD14172379921EFFDE7FCE6" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1292]" box="[199,526,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gravid segments not present.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32B8EBD7FFD1417237992033FB07FAFE" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="7A1DB85CFFD1417237992033FB07FAFE" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1292]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD1417237992033FED4FCCA" bold="true" box="[199,317,800,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks:</emphasis>
This species possesses a slender, acraspedote scolex, a characteristic basal armature, a heteroacanthous metabasal armature with widely separated hooks 1(1’) and hooks of each principle row first increasing and then decreasing in size. It can, thus, be allocated to the genus 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD141723417207BFC16FC72" box="[841,1023,872,896]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD141723417207BFC16FC72" box="[841,1023,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Prochristianella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. With rows of billhooks on the basal swelling of each tentacle and the absence of microscopically visible microtriches on the scolex, this species is closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD14172360220A2FE36FC3A" box="[348,479,944,968]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aciculata">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172360220A2FE36FC3A" box="[348,479,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. aciculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD1417236B320A2FD8CFC3A" box="[493,613,944,968]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="butlerae">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD1417236B320A2FD8CFC3A" box="[493,613,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. butlerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD14172352D20A2FD06FC3A" box="[627,751,945,968]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mooreae">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172352D20A2FD06FC3A" box="[627,751,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. mooreae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD14172347B20A2FC2DFC3A" box="[805,964,944,968]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="odonoghuei">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172347B20A2FC2DFC3A" box="[805,964,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. odonoghuei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In contrast to these species, 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD14172325520A2FF57FC1E" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kostadinovae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172325520A2FF57FC1E" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. kostadinovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172379A20C7FEEAFC1E" bold="true" box="[196,259,980,1004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD14172379A20C7FEEAFC1E" box="[196,259,980,1004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
possesses a metabasal tentacular armature with hooks 4(4’) much smaller than neighbouring hooks 3(3’) and 5(5’). 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD14172365120EBFDDFFBE2" box="[271,566,1016,1040]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aciculata">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172365120EBFDDFFBE2" box="[271,566,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Prochristianella aciculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only other species with a similar pattern in its metabasal oncotaxy. In the latter species, however, the typical increase and subsequent decrease in hook sizes along the principle rows is interrupted by smaller hooks 5(5’). 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD14172356E2753FC6AFBAA" box="[560,899,1088,1112]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kostadinovae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172356E2753FC6AFBAA" box="[560,899,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Prochristianella kostadinovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD1417234D22753FC24FBAA" bold="true" box="[908,973,1088,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD1417234D22753FC24FBAA" box="[908,973,1088,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
furthermore differs from 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD1417233A92752FA94FBAA" box="[1271,1405,1088,1112]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aciculata">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD1417233A92752FA94FBAA" box="[1271,1405,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. aciculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a larger scolex and larger bulbs, a different number and shape of hooks in the metabasal armature and a complete absence of enlarged hooks at the base of each tentacle. Therefore, we consider 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD1417233D8279AFADFFB52" box="[1158,1334,1160,1184]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kostadinovae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD1417233D8279AFADFFB52" box="[1158,1334,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. kostadinovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD141723260279BFA97FB52" bold="true" box="[1342,1406,1160,1184]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD141723260279BFA97FB52" box="[1342,1406,1160,1184]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
to represent a species new to science. The present specimens were obtained from a single locality in northern 
<collectingCountry id="02B5F8CCFFD14172321627BFFF5AFB1A" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Australia</collectingCountry>
and from the spiral intestines of three specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD14172344127C2FC7DFB1A" box="[799,916,1232,1256]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Himantura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uarnak">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172344127C2FC7DFB1A" box="[799,916,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. uarnak</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2 (
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172349E27C2FC17FB1A" box="[960,1022,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1E33C5ADFFD14172335727C3FB0DFB1A" author="Naylor" box="[1033,1252,1232,1256]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Naylor, G. J. P., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Rosana, K. A. M., White, W. T. &amp; Last, P. R. (2012) A DNA sequence-based approach to the identification of shark and ray species and its implications for global elasmobranch diversity and parasitology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (in press)." type="book" year="2012">
Naylor 
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD14172333F27C2FB74FB1A" box="[1121,1181,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
). We, therefore, assume 
<taxonomicName id="BDA2C3DFFFD1417237AE27E6FE76FAFE" box="[240,415,1268,1292]" class="Cestoda" family="Eutetrarhynchidae" genus="Prochristianella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trypanorhyncha" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kostadinovae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD1417237AE27E6FE76FAFE" box="[240,415,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. kostadinovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="48D6644EFFD1417236F827E7FE0CFAFE" bold="true" box="[422,485,1268,1292]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53E5D935FFD1417236F827E7FE0CFAFE" box="[422,485,1268,1292]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
to be a highly host specific parasite from northern Australian waters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>