184 lines
22 KiB
XML
184 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9F0FDA1D914AE7E6FB955F097EAF13C0">Key to Mexico and Central America genera of Acanthocinini (Coleoptera Cerambycidae, Lamiinae) without erect setae on elytral surface, excluding the Caribbean Islands</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B041836986B201F4824735427DA66DB7">Monné, Miguel A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="83109288D61996B55BC495828886CE5E">Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940.040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & monne @ uol. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8825 - 3122</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9DF6B0F5D4CBC5965E8D3EAE5B064FF6" type="email">monne@uol.com.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="443C180A2CF6F704F60EC962A19A6070">Santos-Silva, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="52519D7D7846D56B06BBCBC2F22E0758">Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1354A8936B28C88340834ED2E0244D13">Monné, Marcela L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FE63D9F2239A7153973CE8173EC8C1E8">Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940.040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & Fellowship of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico (CNPq).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="0139486D3722926BDF4C5E585EB9B53D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="6703A549FFB9493DFF1DFF3AFDDE1866" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416303" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176440591" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4416303" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6703A549FFB9493DFF1DFF3AFDDE1866" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6703A549FFB9493DFF1DFF3AFDDE1866" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<paragraph id="EF15145FFFB9493DFF1DFF3AFC871DFB" blockId="7.[151,441,151,214]" box="[151,441,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="B45DA333FFB9493DFF1DFF3AFC871DFB" bold="true" box="[151,441,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFF1DFF3AFC871DFB" ID-CoL="SW9" authority="Bates, 1881" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,441,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphinellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFF1DFF3AFC871DFB" bold="true" box="[151,441,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFF1DFF3AFC1D1DF8" bold="true" box="[151,291,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Alphinellus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8B3B69AEFFB9493DFEA1FF3AFC871DFB" author="Bates, H. W." box="[299,441,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" pagination="153 - 224" refId="ref20275" refString="Bates, H. W. (1881) s. n. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Published for the editors by R. H. Porter, London, 5, pp. 153 - 224." type="journal article" year="1881">Bates, 1881</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7B047D4FFB9493DFF1DFF16FC2C1D9C" box="[151,274,187,214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EF15145FFFB9493DFF1DFF16FC2C1D9C" blockId="7.[151,441,151,214]" box="[151,274,187,214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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(
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<figureCitation id="779108DAFFB9493DFF15FF16FC341D9C" box="[159,266,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–14. 1" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[235,1355,184,1795]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[227,1360,179,1798]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–14. 1) Acanthocinus (Acanthocinus) aedilis, female, dorsal habitus. 2–3) Acanthocinus (Acanthocinus) spectabilis (LeConte, 1854), male: 2) Dorsal habitus; 3) Lateral habitus. 4) Alcathousiella polyrhaphoides, male, dorsal habitus. 5–7) Alphinellus carinipennis Bates, 1885: 5) Dorsal habitus; 6) Ventral habitus; 7) Lateral habitus. 8) Amniscites pictipes, female, dorsal habitus (from Santos-Silva et al. 2019). 9–10) Anisopodus arachnoides, male: 9) Dorsal habitus; 10) Lateral habitus. 11–13) Apteralcidion lapierrei, male: 11) Dorsal habitus; 12) Ventral habitus; 13) Lateral habitus. 14) Atrypanius conspersus, female, dorsal habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416329/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs. 5–7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7B047D4FFB9493DFF1DFEADFCFD1C5D" box="[151,451,255,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="EF15145FFFB9493DFF1DFEADFCFD1C5D" blockId="7.[151,451,255,280]" box="[151,451,255,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="CFBA3371FFB9493DFF1DFEADFCFD1C5D" box="[151,451,255,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<treatmentCitation id="6E0B324EFFB9493DFF1DFEADFC811C5D" author="Bates, H. W." box="[151,447,255,280]" page="153" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" year="1881">
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFF1DFEADFC811C5D" ID-CoL="SW9" authority="Bates, 1881: 153" authorityName="Bates" authorityPageNumber="153" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,447,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphinellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFF1DFEADFC341C52" box="[151,266,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Alphinellus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8B3B69AEFFB9493DFE9BFEADFC811C5D" author="Bates, H. W." box="[273,447,255,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" pagination="153 - 224" refId="ref20275" refString="Bates, H. W. (1881) s. n. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Published for the editors by R. H. Porter, London, 5, pp. 153 - 224." type="journal article" year="1881">Bates, 1881: 153</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7B047D4FFB9493DFF1DFEEBF95C1C2A" box="[151,1122,325,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="EF15145FFFB9493DFF1DFEEBF95C1C2A" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1324]" box="[151,1122,325,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFF1DFEEBFC791C15" bold="true" box="[151,327,325,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<typeStatus id="3011AAFDFFB9493DFF1DFEEBFDEC1C2A" box="[151,210,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Type</typeStatus>
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species—
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFECDFEEBFFF11C2A" authority="Bates, 1881" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1881" box="[327,719,326,352]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphinellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbicollis">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFECDFEEBFF7A1C2A" box="[327,580,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Alphinellus gibbicollis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8B3B69AEFFB9493DFDC1FEEBFFF11C2A" author="Bates, H. W." box="[587,719,326,352]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" pagination="153 - 224" refId="ref20275" refString="Bates, H. W. (1881) s. n. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Published for the editors by R. H. Porter, London, 5, pp. 153 - 224." type="journal article" year="1881">Bates, 1881</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(designation by
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<bibRefCitation id="8B3B69AEFFB9493DFC01FEEBF9681C2A" author="Monne, M. A." box="[907,1110,326,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" refId="ref23243" refString="Monne, M. A. (1995) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Western Hemisphere. Part XVIII. Subfamily Lamiinae: Tribe Acanthocinini. Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 196 pp." type="book" year="1995">Monné 1995: 104</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7B047D4FFB9493DFF4DFEC4FCD21CBB" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="EF15145FFFB9493DFF4DFEC4FCD21CBB" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFF4DFEC4FC7C1CC9" bold="true" box="[199,322,361,387]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Scape gradually expanded, ventrally flexuose, reaching about middle of prothorax; prothorax subquadrate, gibbose anteriorly; sides with prominent acute tubercle placed in the posterior third or lacking lateral tubercle; elytra marked with short elevated lines arranged in rows. Number of species currently included: 4 (all in
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<collectingCountry id="97BD54CFFFB9493DFF1DFE7BFDD31CBA" box="[151,237,470,496]" name="Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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and Central
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFEF1FE7BFCDF1CBB" box="[379,481,470,497]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="America" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">America</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7B047D4FFB9493DFF4DFE57FDDE1866" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="EF15145FFFB9493DFF4DFE57F9EB1E8E" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFF4DFE57FC051F5E" bold="true" box="[199,315,506,532]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8B3B69AEFFB9493DFEC9FE57FCED1F5E" author="Bates, H. W." box="[323,467,506,532]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" pagination="153 - 224" refId="ref20275" refString="Bates, H. W. (1881) s. n. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Published for the editors by R. H. Porter, London, 5, pp. 153 - 224." type="journal article" year="1881">Bates (1881)</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFDC4FE57FFF01F5E" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1881" box="[590,718,506,532]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphinellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFDC4FE57FFF01F5E" box="[590,718,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Alphinellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as follows (translated): “Body small, oblong, convex. Head between antennae distinctly concave. Antennae filiform, scarcely longer than body, not ciliated, scape short, dilated after the base, slightly sinuous ventrally, apex subacute; antennomere III twice the length of the scape, IV slightly shorter [than III], and remaining antennomeres shorter [than III and IV]. Thorax subquadrate, pronotum gibbous anteriorly, sides of the prothorax with acute spine or with obtuse protuberance slightly before base. Elytra subcylindrical, abruptly sloping, apex shortly truncate toward suture, dorsal surface with three separated carinae aligned, and sides bicarinate. Legs short; femora clavate; metatarsomere I short, triangular. Prosternal process narrow, coxae globose, exposed; procoxal cavities closed behind.” Additionally, he commented: “Three extremely small species at present constitute this very distinct genus, which resembles
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFCC5FCB6FE961E7E" box="[847,936,795,820]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Leiopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFCC5FCB6FE961E7E" box="[847,936,795,820]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Leiopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFC57FCB6F9721E7E" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1863" box="[989,1100,795,820]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Lepturges" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFC57FCB6F9721E7E" box="[989,1100,795,820]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Lepturges</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the form of the prosternum and anterior coxae, but differs wholly from them in its convex oblong body, with gibbous thorax and elytra marked with short elevated lines arranged in rows. The thoracic lateral spines existing in two of the species are similar to those of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFEE0FC2AFC881EEA" box="[362,438,903,928]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Dectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFEE0FC2AFC881EEA" box="[362,438,903,928]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Dectes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; but in a third species, very similar to the other two, these spines are absent. The form of the scape is unlike that of any other genus of
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFD1BFC07FE0D1E8E" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1845" box="[657,819,938,964]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Acanthocinini">Acanthocinini</taxonomicName>
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, approaching nearest that of
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<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFBFEFC07F9FC1E8E" box="[1140,1218,938,964]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFBFEFC07F9FC1E8E" box="[1140,1218,938,964]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Alphus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.”
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EF15145FFFB9493DFF4DFC63FC3C191E" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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In fact,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFEABFC63FC9F1EA2" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1881" box="[289,417,974,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphinellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFEABFC63FC9F1EA2" box="[289,417,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Alphinellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks the most reliable feature of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFCADFC63FEF41EA2" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1845" box="[807,970,974,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Acanthocinini">Acanthocinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
: the long scape. Accordingly, we believe that this genus does not belong to this tribe. The general appearance, especially the prothorax and elytra (including the sculpturing) resembles the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFDE5FBBBFE3E197A" authorityName="Galileo & Martins" authorityYear="1995" box="[623,768,1046,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eupromerini">Eupromerini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the profemora not expanded excludes this genus from this tribe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF15145FFFB9493DFF4DFBF3F9D4198A" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFF4DFBF3FC791932" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1881" box="[199,327,1118,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphinellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFF4DFBF3FC791932" box="[199,327,1118,1144]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Alphinellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be included in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFDD4FBF3FFC61932" authorityName="J. Thomson" authorityYear="1860" box="[606,760,1118,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Desmiphorini">Desmiphorini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFCA5FBF3FEE81932" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1839" box="[815,982,1118,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Pogonocherini">Pogonocherini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This is because the characters currently used to separate these two tribes are very fragile and, quite often, completely false. Unfortunately, we only examined one species of this genus. Therefore, for now, we prefer not to transfer
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFC3BFB0BF90F198A" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1881" box="[945,1073,1190,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphinellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFC3BFB0BF90F198A" box="[945,1073,1190,1216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Alphinellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to another tribe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF15145FFFB9493DFF4DFB67FDDE1866" blockId="7.[151,1437,325,1324]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
Apparently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFED9FB67FCED19AE" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1881" box="[339,467,1226,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphinellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFED9FB67FCED19AE" box="[339,467,1226,1252]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Alphinellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is composed by species belonging to more than one genus. However, we only examined specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28AA6FDCFFB9493DFEE6FB43FF971843" authority="Bates, 1885" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1885" box="[364,681,1262,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Alphinellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDDEC84DFFB9493DFEE6FB43FF261842" box="[364,536,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">A. carinipennis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B3B69AEFFB9493DFDABFB43FF971843" author="Bates, H. W." box="[545,681,1262,1289]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" refId="ref20322" refString="Bates, H. W. (1885) s. n. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Suppl. to Longicornia. Published for the editors by R. H. Porter, London, pp. 249 - 436." type="book" year="1885">Bates, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being impossible to be sure about the true characterization of this genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |