360 lines
42 KiB
XML
360 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b3f3b555-1d86-490b-b8ce-a044635f9cd8" ID-PMC="PMC8794957" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1082-153" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8F0E4A12AD535EE69910889A64CEE8BE" ID-PubMed="35115870" ID-ZooBank="2D3FA191A9844F5A99D5C34473D5DC93" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1082-153" checkinTime="1642725952207" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Deng, Zhongwei, Agnarsson, Ingi, Chen, Zhanqi & Liu, Jie" docDate="2022" docId="E7C7E9D81F1459D4908F45A42504858E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1082: 153-178" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1082" docPubDate="2022-01-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400" docTitle="Meotipa pulcherrima" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="8F0E4A12AD535EE69910889A64CEE8BE" lastPageNumber="153" masterDocId="8F0E4A12AD535EE69910889A64CEE8BE" masterDocTitle="Meotipa species (Araneae, Theridiidae) from China" masterLastPageNumber="178" masterPageNumber="153" pageNumber="153" updateTime="1668151403168" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Meotipa species (Araneae, Theridiidae) from China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Deng, Zhongwei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China & Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China & The State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Agnarsson, Ingi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>The State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China & University of Vermont, Department of Biology, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405 - 0086, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chen, Zhanqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">chenzhanqi@xtbg.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Jie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China & The State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China & School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sparassidae@aliyun.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-01-20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1082</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>153</mods:start>
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<mods:end>178</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1082-153</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2D3FA191A9844F5A99D5C34473D5DC93</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8F0E4A12AD535EE69910889A64CEE8BE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="192476004" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7C7E9D81F1459D4908F45A42504858E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E7C7E9D81F1459D4908F45A42504858E" lastPageNumber="153" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="153" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName LSID="E7C7E9D8-1F14-59D4-908F-45A42504858E" authority="(Mello-Leitao, 1917)" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1917" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Meotipa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meotipa pulcherrima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
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Meotipa pulcherrima (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
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, 1917)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="153" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Figures 2A-H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Field photographs A M. picturata female on its web B M. spiniventris female with egg sac C, D M. pulcherrima female with its spiderlings. Photographs by Zhongwei Deng in Yunnan Province." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636300" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">, 9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Map with sampling localities for Meotipa species from China: 1 M. argyrodiformis 2 M. pulcherrima 3 M. picturata 4 M. spiniventris 5 M. vesiculosa 6 M. pseudopicturata sp. nov. 7 M. striata sp. nov .." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636301" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">, 10</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="153" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1917" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Argyrodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrodes pulcherrimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcherrimus">Argyrodes pulcherrimus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
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, 1917: 86, figs 7, 8 (description of female).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Petrunkevitch" baseAuthorityYear="1930" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Meotipa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meotipa clementinae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clementinae">Meotipa clementinae</taxonomicName>
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Petrunkevitch, 1930: 212, figs 61, 62 (description of female); Schmidt 1956a: 30, fig. 6 (description of male); Schmidt, 1956b: 240, fig. 1 (female).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Taczanowski" authorityYear="1873" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Argyrodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrodes elevatus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elevatus">Argyrodes elevatus</taxonomicName>
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Exline and Levi, 1962: 135 (synonymy, rejected by Levi 1967a).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chrysso" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysso clementinae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clementinae">Chrysso clementinae</taxonomicName>
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Levi, 1962: 231, figs 71-75 (male and female);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
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1992: 99, figs 5, 6 (female).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1917" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chrysso" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysso pulcherrima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">Chrysso pulcherrima</taxonomicName>
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Levi, 1967a: 26 (removed female from synonymy of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Taczanowski" authorityYear="1873" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Argyrodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrodes elevatus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elevatus">Argyrodes elevatus</taxonomicName>
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, synonymy of male); Levi 1967b: 182, figs 28-31 (male and female);
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<bibRefCitation author="Zhu, MS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Guangxi Agricultural College" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="20 - 29" refId="B24" refString="Zhu, MS, Zhang, YQ, 1992. Notes of some species of Theridiidae in Guangxi (Arachnida: Araneae). Journal of the Guangxi Agricultural College 11 (1): 20 - 29" title="Notes of some species of Theridiidae in Guangxi (Arachnida: Araneae)." volume="11" year="1992">Zhu and Zhang 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 23, fig. 3A-D (male and female); Yoshida 1993: 30, figs 10-12, 20 (male and female);
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<bibRefCitation author="Zhu, MS" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Kanagawa, 142 - 147, 356 - 393" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" refId="B23" refString="Zhu, MS, 1998. Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Theridiidae. Science Press, Beijing, 436 pp." title="Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Theridiidae. Science Press, Beijing, 436 pp." year="1998">Zhu 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 54, fig. 28A-D (male and female); Song et al. 1999: 103, fig. 50A, B, J (male and female);
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<bibRefCitation author="Yoshida, H" journalOrPublisher="Arachnological Society of Japan, Hokkaido" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" refId="B21" refString="Yoshida, H, 2003. The spider family Theridiidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Japan. Arachnological Society of Japan, Hokkaido" title="The spider family Theridiidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Japan." year="2003">Yoshida 2003</bibRefCitation>
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: 126, figs 337, 341, 342 (male and female, synonymy); Seo 2005: 123, fig. 2A, B (male).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chrysso" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysso mussau" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussau">Chrysso mussau</taxonomicName>
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Chrysanthus, 1975: 48, figs 174-177 (descriptions of male and female).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1917" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Meotipa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meotipa pulcherrima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">Meotipa pulcherrima</taxonomicName>
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Yoshida, 2009: 378, figs 211-213 (transferred from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="O.Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1882" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Chrysso" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysso" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysso</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="153" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Note.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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The taxonomy of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. pulcherrima" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. pulcherrima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, presumed to be widely introduced, including to its type locality in Brazil, requires further scrutiny. Our specimens are not identical to the given type illustrations, and further variation appears globally evident. However, solving the global taxonomy of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. pulcherrima" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. pulcherrima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is outside the scope of this manuscript and required dedicated research.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="153" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Material examined (holotype not examined).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Hunan Province</emphasis>
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: 7♀, Zhangjiajie City, Sangzhi County, Quanyushan Leisure Park (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29.48" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="29.48">29.48°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="110.16" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="110.16">110.16°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 370 m), 5 May 2018, F.X. Liu & Z.C. Li leg. (CBEE).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="153" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1917" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Meotipa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meotipa pulcherrima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Meotipa pulcherrima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. capacifaba" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="capacifaba">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. capacifaba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Li, Liu, Xu & Yin, 2020 (see
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" author="Li, CM" journalOrPublisher="Pan-Pacific Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="177 - 184" refId="B8" refString="Li, CM, Liu, JX, Xu, X, Yin, HQ, 2020. A new species of spider in the genus Meotipa Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Theridiidae) from southern China. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 96 (3): 177 - 184, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" title="A new species of spider in the genus Meotipa Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Theridiidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" volume="96" year="2020">Li et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 1A-J, 2A-E, 3A-E) by shared characters such as raised eyes, raised carapace posteriorly, and spherical copulatory ducts (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2G</figureCitation>
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), but it can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: (1) the copulatory openings are inconspicuous in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. pulcherrima" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. pulcherrima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2D</figureCitation>
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), but obvious in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. capacifaba" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="capacifaba">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. capacifaba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" author="Li, CM" journalOrPublisher="Pan-Pacific Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="177 - 184" refId="B8" refString="Li, CM, Liu, JX, Xu, X, Yin, HQ, 2020. A new species of spider in the genus Meotipa Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Theridiidae) from southern China. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 96 (3): 177 - 184, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" title="A new species of spider in the genus Meotipa Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Theridiidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" volume="96" year="2020">Li et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 2A); (2) the posterior margin of atrium has a tongue-shaped protrusion medially in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. pulcherrima" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. pulcherrima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2E</figureCitation>
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), but not in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. capacifaba" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="capacifaba">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. capacifaba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" author="Li, CM" journalOrPublisher="Pan-Pacific Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="177 - 184" refId="B8" refString="Li, CM, Liu, JX, Xu, X, Yin, HQ, 2020. A new species of spider in the genus Meotipa Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Theridiidae) from southern China. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 96 (3): 177 - 184, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" title="A new species of spider in the genus Meotipa Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Theridiidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" volume="96" year="2020">Li et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 2A); (3) the conductor is broad with a sharp point in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. pulcherrima" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. pulcherrima</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1155/1962/32404" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Psyche, Cambridge" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="209 - 237" refId="B7" refString="Levi, HW, 1962. More American spiders of the genus Chrysso (Araneae, Theridiidae). Psyche, Cambridge 69 (4): 209 - 237, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/1962/32404" title="More American spiders of the genus Chrysso (Araneae, Theridiidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1155/1962/32404" volume="69" year="1962">Levi 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: figs 74, 75), but relatively narrow with a blunt point in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. capacifaba" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="capacifaba">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. capacifaba</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" author="Li, CM" journalOrPublisher="Pan-Pacific Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="177 - 184" refId="B8" refString="Li, CM, Liu, JX, Xu, X, Yin, HQ, 2020. A new species of spider in the genus Meotipa Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Theridiidae) from southern China. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 96 (3): 177 - 184, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" title="A new species of spider in the genus Meotipa Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Theridiidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3956/2020-96.3.177" volume="96" year="2020">Li et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: figs 2D, 3D).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1917" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Meotipa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meotipa pulcherrima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Meotipa pulcherrima</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1917)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">A-C</emphasis>
|
|
female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">A</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">B</emphasis>
|
|
prolateral
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">C</emphasis>
|
|
ventral).
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">D-H</emphasis>
|
|
epigynum (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">D</emphasis>
|
|
ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">E, F</emphasis>
|
|
in alcohol
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">E</emphasis>
|
|
ventral
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">F</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">G, H</emphasis>
|
|
in gum arabic
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">G</emphasis>
|
|
ventral
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">H</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">(A-C)</emphasis>
|
|
; 0.1 mm
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">(D-H)</emphasis>
|
|
. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="153" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Description.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Female.</emphasis>
|
|
Total length 3.03; Prosoma length 0.96, width (at middle) 0.90, height (at middle) 0.61; Opisthosoma length 2.07, width (at middle) 1.27, height (at middle) 1.89; Eye diameters: ALE 0.07, AME 0.09, PLE 0.08, PME 0.09; Eye interdistances: AME-AME 0.09, ALE-ALE 0.55, PLE-ALE contiguous, PLE-PLE 0.30, PME-PME 0.08, PME-PLE 0.11, AME-ALE 0.02; Clypeus height (at middle) 0.21, width (at middle) 0.60; Measurements of legs: Leg I (right) 8.3 [2.59, 0.42, 2.34, 2.16, 0.79], II (right) 5.42 [2.03, 0.40, 1.04, 1.43, 0.52], III (right) 3.73 [1.49, 0.24, 0.85, 0.73, 0.42], IV (right) 6.33 [2.40, 0.39, 0.90, 2.00, 0.64]. Carapace with a central reddish brown longitudinal band; cephalic area relatively long and narrow; clypeus bulged outward (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Median furrow is round, deep, and the radial furrow is not obvious (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Eyes strongly recurved. AME separation is greater than AME-ALE, and PME separation is also greater than PLE-PME; ALE-PLE contiguous. All eyes nearly uniform in size with brown rings surrounding (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Sternum yellow, heart-shaped. Labium clearly distinguish from the sternum, yellow with brown markings, approximately triangular in shape. Chelicera yellow with pale red fang (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Yellow legs long and slender with dark brown spots; the ends of tibiae and the bases and ends of metatarsus of each leg have dark brown rings. Leg formula 1423. Pedipalp yellow with many short hairs distally (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Abdomen triangular in lateral view, with caudal region extending upwardly beyond spinnerets. There are 14 feather-like spines on the top of the protuberance and before the protuberance reaches the spinnerets, which break easily (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2A-C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Dorsum of abdomen yellow with dark red spots. The venter of the abdomen has central black spots on each side (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Epigynum with a big atrium and inconspicuous copulatory openings (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2D</figureCitation>
|
|
); copulatory ducts swelling distally, sphere-shaped (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2E, F</figureCitation>
|
|
); spermathecae smaller than distal end of copulatory ducts, sphere-shaped (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2H</figureCitation>
|
|
); fertilization ducts are located at the intersection of copulatory ducts and spermathecae (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2H</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Male.</emphasis>
|
|
Not collected.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="153" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
|
|
China (Fujian; Guangxi; Hainan; Hunan, newly recorded; Taiwan; Zhejiang), Japan, Korea, Pacific Is., Papua New Guinea; also tropical Africa and widespread across the Americas (after
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1155/1962/32404" author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Psyche, Cambridge" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="209 - 237" refId="B7" refString="Levi, HW, 1962. More American spiders of the genus Chrysso (Araneae, Theridiidae). Psyche, Cambridge 69 (4): 209 - 237, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/1962/32404" title="More American spiders of the genus Chrysso (Araneae, Theridiidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1155/1962/32404" volume="69" year="1962">Levi 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="153" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
|
|
Although we did not examine the female holotype of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. pulcherrima" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. pulcherrima</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the triangular abdomen with caudal region extending upwardly beyond spinnerets, the short and swollen copulatory ducts, and the sphere-shaped spermathecae all indicate our specimens belong to
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. pulcherrima" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">M. pulcherrima</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
according to the original, albeit simple illustrations by
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="74 - 102" refId="B15" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1917. Notas arachnologicas. 5, Especies novas ou pouco conhecidas do Brasil. Broteria (Ser. Zool.) 15: 74 - 102" title="Notas arachnologicas. 5, Especies novas ou pouco conhecidas do Brasil. Broteria (Ser. Zool." volume="15" year="1917">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1917
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 86, figs 7, 8) and detailed illustrations by Zhu et al. (1992: 23, fig. 3A-D) and
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Yoshida, H" journalOrPublisher="Arachnological Society of Japan, Hokkaido" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" refId="B21" refString="Yoshida, H, 2003. The spider family Theridiidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Japan. Arachnological Society of Japan, Hokkaido" title="The spider family Theridiidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Japan." year="2003">Yoshida (2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 126, figs 337, 341, 342).We also note some slight differences in our specimens against the original illustrations of Brazilian specimens by
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="74 - 102" refId="B15" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1917. Notas arachnologicas. 5, Especies novas ou pouco conhecidas do Brasil. Broteria (Ser. Zool.) 15: 74 - 102" title="Notas arachnologicas. 5, Especies novas ou pouco conhecidas do Brasil. Broteria (Ser. Zool." volume="15" year="1917">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1917)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. The specimens we collected only has half of the abdomen extending beyond the spinnerets (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2B</figureCitation>
|
|
), but the specimens from Brazil have 2/3 of abdomen extending beyond them (see
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="74 - 102" refId="B15" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1917. Notas arachnologicas. 5, Especies novas ou pouco conhecidas do Brasil. Broteria (Ser. Zool.) 15: 74 - 102" title="Notas arachnologicas. 5, Especies novas ou pouco conhecidas do Brasil. Broteria (Ser. Zool." volume="15" year="1917">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
|
1917
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 86, fig. 7). Meanwhile, the shadow of the copulatory ducts and the fertilization ducts can be seen from the ventral view of epigynum, and the shadows on both sides look like two tadpoles in atrium, with fertilization ducts resembling their tails and copulatory ducts resembling their heads. The shadows of the specimen from Brazil in 1917 resemble two tadpoles swimming towards the middle of the atrium (see
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao, CF de" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" pagination="74 - 102" refId="B15" refString="Mello-Leitao, CF de, 1917. Notas arachnologicas. 5, Especies novas ou pouco conhecidas do Brasil. Broteria (Ser. Zool.) 15: 74 - 102" title="Notas arachnologicas. 5, Especies novas ou pouco conhecidas do Brasil. Broteria (Ser. Zool." volume="15" year="1917">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
|
|
1917
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 86, fig. 8), but the shadows of our specimen resemble two tadpoles swimming to the sides of the atrium (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Meotipa pulcherrima (Mello-Leitao, 1917) A-C female habitus (flattened black spines on the abdomen and legs were broken off during photography) (A dorsal B prolateral C ventral). D-H epigynum (D ventral, on the body, and the arrow points to tongue-shaped apophysis E, F in alcohol E ventral F dorsal G, H in gum arabic G ventral H dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636293" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">2C</figureCitation>
|
|
). However, the tails of tadpoles in the Brazilian specimens may be the spermathecae instead of the fertilization ducts according to the original illustrations. In addition, the posterior margin of atrium has a tongue-shaped protrusion medially in our individuals, but not in the Brazilian specimens.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1082.75400.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/636294" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="153">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1895" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Meotipa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meotipa picturata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picturata">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">Meotipa picturata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Simon, 1895
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">A-C</emphasis>
|
|
female habitus
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">(A</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">B</emphasis>
|
|
prolateral
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">C</emphasis>
|
|
ventral).
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">D-H</emphasis>
|
|
epigynum (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">D</emphasis>
|
|
ventral, on the body
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">E, F</emphasis>
|
|
in the alcohol
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">E</emphasis>
|
|
ventral
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">F</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">G, H</emphasis>
|
|
in gum arabic
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">G</emphasis>
|
|
ventral
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">H</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal). Scale bars: 1 mm
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">(A-C)</emphasis>
|
|
; 0.1 mm
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="153">(D-H)</emphasis>
|
|
. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, FD = fertilization duct, S = spermathecae.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |