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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2013.37" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9682b45b-5e22-4965-a293-e203660e0ed3" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3806770" ID-ZooBank="ADF6394E-77B5-4309-87FE-4097FDE0A3FD" checkinTime="1588796067459" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Rowson, Ben &amp; Tattersfield, Peter" docDate="2013" docId="4511E41DD821FFCFFE7DFA86F34AF9FE" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2013-37.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 37" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Dadagulella radius var. radius radius (Preston 1910, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="B9289C65D824FFC7FFA4FF80F253FFE7" masterDocTitle="Revision of Dadagulella gen. nov., the “ Gulella radius group ” (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae) of the eastern Afrotropics, including six new species and three new subspecies" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1683580915233" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title>Revision of Dadagulella gen. nov., the “ Gulella radius group ” (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae) of the eastern Afrotropics, including six new species and three new subspecies</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Rowson, Ben</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity &amp; Systematic Biology, National Museum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff, UK CF 10 3 NP. Email: ben. rowson @ museumwales. ac. uk &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 05 D 46259 - DA 45 - 45 A 4 - 9127 - 5 AF 361 D 566 A 7</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Tattersfield, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity &amp; Systematic Biology, National Museum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff, UK CF 10 3 NP. Email: ben. rowson @ museumwales. ac. uk &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 8 C 55642 E-B 18 A- 461 B- 9 BF 9 - 31 CB 6 DB 7 A 070</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2013-02-04</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="33XQP" ID-ENA="940762" authority="radius (Preston, 1910)" authorityName="radius (Preston" authorityYear="1910" box="[473,977,1286,1313]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="radius" status="comb. nov." variety="radius">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[473,790,1286,1313]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dadagulella radius radius</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Preston H. B." box="[805,969,1287,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="526 - 536" refId="ref27068" refString="Preston H. B. 1910. Additions to the non-Marine Molluscan Fauna of British and German East Africa and Lake Albert Edward. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8 6: 526 - 536. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931008692885" type="journal article" year="1910">Preston, 1910</bibRefCitation>
)
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[985,1115,1286,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection box="[428,1160,1322,1349]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="5.[428,1160,1286,1349]" box="[428,1160,1322,1349]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<figureCitation box="[428,527,1322,1349]" captionStart="Figs 1-5" captionStartId="6.[189,242,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[363,1200,672,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[363,1200,672,1890]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 1-5. Lectotype of Ennea radius Preston, 1910, type species of Dadagulella gen. nov. 1. Apical view. 2. Apertural view. 3. Last two whorls, from left side. 4. Last two whorls, from right side. 5. Umbilical view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806774/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 1-5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[540,596,1323,1349]" captionStart="Figs 6-26" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1754,1780]" captionTargetBox="[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 6-26.Adult shells of Dadagulella radius (Preston, 1910) comb. nov., D. browni (van Bruggen, 1969) comb. nov. and their respective subspecies. 6-20. D. radius comb. nov. s.l. 6-8. D. radius calva (Connolly, 1922): 6. Lectotype, Taru Desert. 7. Taru Desert near Malindi. 8. Near Mombasa. 9-20. D. radius radius: 11. Lectotype, Shimba Hills. 12. Gazi. 13. also Gazi. 14. Diani Beach. 15. Amboni. 16. Kimboza. 17. Mkungwe. 18. Pugu. 19. Mbudya I. 20. Jozani. 21-26. D. browni comb. nov. s.l.: 21. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 22. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 23-26. D. browni browni: 23. Mwanihana. 24. Mzelezi. 25. Pomene Bay. 26. Holotype, Lake Sibayi (after van Bruggen 1969)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806778/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9-20</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[608,679,1322,1349]" captionStart="Figs 43-50" captionStartId="34.[189,241,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,682,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[189,1399,682,1855]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figs 43-50. Juvenile shells of Dadagulella gen. nov. species, with dentition emphasized in basal view including earlier dentition visible through the shell. 43-45. D. radius radius, Mbudya I. 46. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 47-48. D. browni browni, Mwanihana. 49.? D. ecclesiola sp. nov., Kimboza. 50. D. minareta sp. nov., Kimboza." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806792/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">43-45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[691,763,1322,1349]" captionStart="Figs 51-64" captionStartId="35.[189,241,1719,1745]" captionTargetBox="[203,1389,740,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[189,1398,725,1678]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figs 51-64. Apertures of adult shells of Dadagulella gen. nov. species (not to scale). 51. D. radius calva, lectotype, Taru Desert. 52. D. radius radius, lectotype, Shimba Hills. 53. D. radius radius, Amboni. 54. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 55. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 56. D. ecclesiola sp. nov., holotype, Kimboza (two views of shell showing basal tooth only visible when shell angled). 57. D. cresswelli sp. nov., holotype, Ngorongoro. 58. D. minareta sp. nov., holotype, Kimboza. 59. D. cuspidata comb. nov., holotype, Shume (note shell angled slightly differently to that in Fig. 31). 60. D. pembensis sp. nov., holotype, Ngezi. 61. D. frontierarum sp. nov., holotype, Mtai. 62. D. minuscula minuscula, lectotype, Nzwani. 63. D. minuscula minuscula, paralectotype, Nzwani. 64. D. minuscula mahorana subsp. nov., holotype, Mayotte." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806796/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">52-53</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[774,806,1322,1349]" captionStart="Figs 65-68" captionStartId="36.[189,241,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,903,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[189,1399,903,1855]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figs 65-68. Radulae of Dadagulella gen. nov. species. 65. D. radius radius, Amboni. 66. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi, radula in situ on odontophore, ventral view. 67. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 68. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi, teeth from ventral end of radular ribbon. Abbreviations: c = central tooth; ii, iii, and iv = examples of bi-, tri- and quadricuspid teeth respectively. All scalebars = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">65</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[818,894,1322,1349]" captionStart="Figs 69-76" captionStartId="37.[189,241,1789,1815]" captionTargetBox="[202,1390,364,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[189,1398,356,1749]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figs 69-76. Salivary glands and genitalia of Dadagulella gen. nov. species. 69. D. radius radius, Amboni. 70. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 71. D. browni browni, Kosi Bay. 72. D. delta sp. nov., Mwanihana. 73. D. radius radius, Amboni. 74. D. browni browni, Kosi Bay. 75. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 76. D. delta sp. nov., Mwanihana. Abbreviations: ad = anterior duct of salivary gland; ag = albumen gland; at = atrium; bc = bursa copulatrix; bd = bursa duct; dv = diverticulum of vas deferens; e = egg; fo = free oviduct; hdd/t = hermaphroditic duct diverticulum / talon; ma = muscular apex; p = penis; pd = posterior duct of salivary gland; pr = penial retractor muscle; v = vagina; vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806804/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69, 73</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[906,1061,1323,1349]" captionStart-0="Figs 77-83" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="38.[189,241,1789,1815]" captionStartId-1="40.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[201,1381,776,1726]" captionTargetBox-1="[193,1393,858,1884]" captionTargetId-0="figure@38.[189,1398,759,1748]" captionTargetId-1="figure@40.[189,1399,855,1890]" captionTargetPageId-0="38" captionTargetPageId-1="40" captionText-0="Figs 77-83. Penes and spermatophores of Dadagulella gen. nov. species. 77. D. radius radius, Amboni, penis with spermatophore in situ. 78. Same, hook and scoop in situ when hook lifted back to expose scoop. 79. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi, penis. 80, same, spermatophore from penis of another individual. 81. D. delta, Mwanihana, penis. 82. D. browni browni, Kosi Bay, penis (diagrammatic). 83. D. radius crassa, Amboni, scoop magnified to show serrated edge. Abbreviations: cl = chitinized lobe; lh = large apical hook; ma = muscular apex; pr = penial retractor muscle; sc = apical scoop; st = spermatophore tail; sr = spermatophore reservoir; vd = vas deferens." captionText-1="Fig. 84. Distribution of Dadagulella gen. nov. species, based on published records and material examined here (for additional records of D. meredithae comb. nov. in northern Malawi see van Bruggen 2000). The inset on the left corresponds to the map on the right." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806808" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806812" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3806808/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3806812/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">77-78, 83-84</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation box="[1073,1160,1322,1349]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[187,256,550,578]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[187,1941,696,1740]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Measurements and dentition scores for adult shells of Dadagulella gen. nov. species and subspecies. Ranges are given with the mean (for measurements) or mode (for tooth counts) in brackets when n (number of shells measured) was greater than 2. Scores and measurements mentioned in the Table were taken either from all available adult material or from literature." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/99C70583D827FFC4FF1FFDA6F602FD6F" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="99C70583D827FFC4FF1FFDA6F602FD6F">Table 1</tableCitation>
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<treatmentCitation author="Preston H. B." box="[189,577,1389,1416]" page="529" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1910">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="39VTT" authority="Preston, 1910: 529" authorityName="Preston" authorityPageNumber="529" authorityYear="1910" box="[189,577,1389,1416]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius">
<emphasis box="[189,346,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ennea radius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Preston H. B." box="[354,577,1389,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="526 - 536" refId="ref27068" refString="Preston H. B. 1910. Additions to the non-Marine Molluscan Fauna of British and German East Africa and Lake Albert Edward. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8 6: 526 - 536. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931008692885" type="journal article" year="1910">Preston, 1910: 529</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. VII, fig. 8.
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3HLWD" authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[189,361,1455,1481]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius">
<emphasis box="[189,361,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gulella radius</emphasis>
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– 
<treatmentCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[392,622,1455,1481]" page="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1962">
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[392,622,1455,1481]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref27856" refString="Verdcourt B. 1962. Preliminary Keys for the Identification of the Species of the Genus Gulella Pfr. Occurring in East Africa. Annales du Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale 106, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren." type="journal volume" year="1962">Verdcourt 1962: 13</bibRefCitation>
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, 17,? not 22 (see 
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<emphasis box="[843,1028,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D. radius calva</emphasis>
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below). — van 
<treatmentCitation author="Bruggen A. C. van" page="71" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation author="Bruggen A. C. van" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="3 - 116" refId="ref26021" refString="Bruggen A. C. van 1969. Studies on the land molluscs of Zululand, with notes on the distribution of land molluscs in Southern Africa. Zoologische Verhandelingen 103: 3 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruggen 1969: 71</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[265,518,1491,1517]" page="234" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[265,518,1491,1517]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="200 - 239" refId="ref27933" refString="Verdcourt B. 1983. A list of the non-marine Mollusca of East Africa (Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, excluding Lake Malawi). Achatina 11: 200 - 239." type="journal article" year="1983">Verdcourt 1983: 234</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[533,656,1491,1518]" page="119" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[533,656,1491,1518]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="109 - 121" refId="ref27966" refString="Verdcourt B. 1985. New taxa of Gulella L. Pfr. And Ptychotrema Morch (Mollusca, Streptaxidae) from Eastern Africa. Journal of Conchology 32 (2): 109 - 121." type="journal article" year="1985">1985: 119</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 17; 1996: 136. — 
<treatmentCitation author="Tattersfield P." box="[948,1213,1491,1517]" page="83" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation author="Tattersfield P." box="[948,1213,1491,1517]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="77 - 86" refId="ref27537" refString="Tattersfield P. 1998 a. Patterns of diversity and endemism in East African land snails, and the implications for conservation. In: Killeen I. J., Seddon M. B. &amp; Holmes A. M. (eds) Molluscan Conservation: A strategy for the 21 st. Century: 77 - 86. Journal of Conchology Special Publication 2, The Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland." type="journal article" year="1998">Tattersfield 1998a: 83</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation author="Tattersfield P." box="[1229,1355,1491,1517]" page="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation author="Tattersfield P." box="[1229,1355,1491,1517]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="31 - 41" refId="ref27614" refString="Tattersfield P. 1998 b. Three new species and a new subgenus of Gulella (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae) from Tanzania. Journal of Conchology 36 (2): 31 - 41." type="journal article" year="1998">1998b: 37</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[189,434,1527,1554]" page="415" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[189,434,1527,1554]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="219 - 224" refId="ref28100" refString="Verdcourt B. 2000. Molluscs. In: Burgess N. D. &amp; Clarke G. P. (eds) Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa: 219 - 224. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland." type="book chapter" year="2000">Verdcourt 2000: 415</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — van 
<treatmentCitation author="Bruggen A. C. van" box="[530,760,1527,1554]" page="233" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation author="Bruggen A. C. van" box="[530,760,1527,1554]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="225 - 235" refId="ref26131" refString="Bruggen A. C. van. 2000. Studies on the Streptaxidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda Pulmonata) of Malawi. 5. Description of Gulella meredithae spec. nov. Zoologische Mededelingen 74 (15): 225 - 235." type="journal article" year="2000">Bruggen 2000: 233</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation author="Lange C. N. &amp; Mwinzi M." box="[807,1162,1527,1554]" page="64" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation author="Lange C. N. &amp; Mwinzi M." box="[807,1162,1527,1554]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="61 - 67" refId="ref26821" refString="Lange C. N. &amp; Mwinzi M. 2003. Snail diversity, abundance and distribution in Arabuko Sokoke forest, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology. 41 (1): 61 - 67. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2028.2003.00412. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Lange &amp; Mwinzi 2003: 64-66</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation author="Verdcourt B." page="48" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt B." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref28139" refString="Verdcourt B. 2006. A Revised List of the Non-marine Mollusca of East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, excluding Lake Malawi). Verdcourt B., Maidenhead, UK." type="book" year="2006">Verdcourt 2006: 48</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation author="Rowson B." box="[271,563,1563,1590]" page="441" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation author="Rowson B." box="[271,563,1563,1590]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="425 - 466" refId="ref27203" refString="Rowson B. 2007 a. Land molluscs of Zanzibar Island (Unguja), Tanzania, including a new species of Gulella (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae). Journal of Conchology 39 (4): 425 - 466." type="journal article" year="2007">Rowson 2007a: 441-442</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 56 (not fig. 54). — 
<treatmentCitation author="Rowson B. &amp; Lange C. N." box="[851,1173,1563,1590]" page="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation author="Rowson B. &amp; Lange C. N." box="[851,1173,1563,1590]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="21 - 32" refId="ref27291" refString="Rowson B. &amp; Lange C. N. 2007. Two new species of Gulella (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Streptaxidae) from the Taita Hills, Kenya. African Invertebrates 48 (2): 21 - 32." type="journal article" year="2007">Rowson &amp; Lange 2007: 31</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation author="Muratov I. V." page="277" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation author="Muratov I. V." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="255 - 288" refId="ref26968" refString="Muratov I. V. 2010. Terrestrial molluscs of Cabo Delgado and adjacent inland areas of north-eastern Mozambique. African Invertebrates 51 (2): 255 - 288. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 051.0203" type="journal article" year="2010">Muratov 2010: 277</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. — 
<treatmentCitation author="Rowson B. &amp; Warren B. H. &amp; Ngereza C. F." box="[284,614,1599,1626]" page="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation author="Rowson B. &amp; Warren B. H. &amp; Ngereza C. F." box="[284,614,1599,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref27399" refString="Rowson B., Warren B. H. &amp; Ngereza C. F. 2010 b. Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an &quot; oceanic &quot; island. ZooKeys 70: 1 - 39. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 70.762" type="journal article" year="2010">
Rowson 
<emphasis box="[388,447,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
2010b: 28-29
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, in part. — 
<treatmentCitation author="Ndalila M." box="[753,953,1599,1625]" page="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation author="Ndalila M." box="[753,953,1599,1625]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref27013" refString="Ndalila M. 2011. Land snails of Shimba Hills National Reserve: their distribution, diversity and some aspects of ecology. Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken." type="book" year="2011">Ndalila 2011: 24</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[189,1399,1455,1662]" box="[189,627,1635,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[189,627,1635,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="39VTT" authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1910" box="[189,346,1635,1661]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius">
<emphasis box="[189,346,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ennea radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– 
<treatmentCitation author="Richardson C. L." box="[376,624,1635,1661]" page="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation author="Richardson C. L." box="[376,624,1635,1661]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref27169" refString="Richardson C. L. 1988. Streptaxacea: catalog of species. Part I: Streptaxidae. Tryonia 16, Department of Malacology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia." type="journal volume" year="1988">Richardson 1988: 26</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="5.[189,492,1701,1727]" box="[189,492,1701,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,492,1701,1727]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,492,1701,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus box="[189,250,1701,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
material examined
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[189,1399,1748,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<collectingCountry box="[189,293,1749,1775]" name="Kenya" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">KENYA</collectingCountry>
: 
<typeStatus box="[302,410,1749,1775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">lectotype</typeStatus>
(here designated) 
<collectionCode box="[623,716,1748,1775]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z14b-bb31" name="Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">MRAC</collectionCode>
. 
<accessionNumber box="[720,805,1748,1775]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/I17592" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">I17592</accessionNumber>
: 
<specimenCount box="[814,872,1749,1775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
, “Shimbi Hills, British East Africa”, standing as “ 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1910" box="[238,313,1785,1811]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius">
<emphasis box="[238,313,1785,1811]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”, labelled “ex Putzeys-Musée, 1935”, “type” and apparently the shell figured in 
<bibRefCitation author="Preston H. B." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="526 - 536" refId="ref27068" refString="Preston H. B. 1910. Additions to the non-Marine Molluscan Fauna of British and German East Africa and Lake Albert Edward. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8 6: 526 - 536. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931008692885" type="journal article" year="1910">Preston (1910</bibRefCitation>
: pl. VII, fig. 8). 
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[463,667,1820,1847]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="109 - 121" refId="ref27966" refString="Verdcourt B. 1985. New taxa of Gulella L. Pfr. And Ptychotrema Morch (Mollusca, Streptaxidae) from Eastern Africa. Journal of Conchology 32 (2): 109 - 121." type="journal article" year="1985">Verdcourt (1985)</bibRefCitation>
wrote that a second shell from Shimbi in the 
<collectionCode box="[1227,1338,1821,1847]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
type collection could not be located at that time. We too failed to trace this specimen. Van 
<bibRefCitation author="Bruggen A. C. van" box="[1211,1398,1857,1884]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="3 - 116" refId="ref26021" refString="Bruggen A. C. van 1969. Studies on the land molluscs of Zululand, with notes on the distribution of land molluscs in Southern Africa. Zoologische Verhandelingen 103: 3 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruggen (1969)</bibRefCitation>
referred to two other 
<collectionCode box="[437,548,1893,1919]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
shells from Gazi as “ 
<typeStatus box="[798,919,1893,1919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratypes</typeStatus>
”, presumably because they were labelled as such. However, Gazi (
<geoCoordinate box="[486,569,1929,1955]" degrees="4.42" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="555" value="-4.42">4.42°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[582,680,1928,1955]" degrees="39.50" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="555" value="39.5">39.50°E</geoCoordinate>
) is around 
<quantity box="[814,889,1929,1955]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
from the type locality of Shimbi (Shimba) Hills (4.25 
<superScript attach="right" box="[317,326,1963,1977]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">oS</superScript>
, 39.38 
<superScript attach="right" box="[425,434,1963,1977]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">oE</superScript>
), and 
<bibRefCitation author="Preston H. B." box="[530,706,1965,1991]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="526 - 536" refId="ref27068" refString="Preston H. B. 1910. Additions to the non-Marine Molluscan Fauna of British and German East Africa and Lake Albert Edward. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8 6: 526 - 536. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931008692885" type="journal article" year="1910">Preston (1910)</bibRefCitation>
distinguished between the two localities elsewhere in his paper. Thus it cannot be assumed that Gazi material has type status.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[189,505,267,293]" box="[189,505,267,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,505,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,505,267,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Other material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[189,1399,313,622]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<collectingCountry box="[189,293,314,340]" name="Kenya" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">KENYA</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectionCode box="[303,380,313,340]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NMW</collectionCode>
.1955.158.25050: 3 ads, 7 juvs, Gazi, standing as “ 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1910" box="[963,1038,313,339]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius">
<emphasis box="[963,1038,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”. 
<collectionCode box="[1065,1158,314,340]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
.MOL.273272: 
<specimenCount box="[1335,1393,313,340]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
, Gazi, standing as “ 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1910" box="[424,499,349,375]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius">
<emphasis box="[424,499,349,375]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”. 
<collectionCode box="[531,624,348,374]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
.MOL.273826: 
<specimenCount box="[807,870,348,375]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
, near 
<collectingRegion box="[949,1065,348,374]" country="Kenya" name="Mombasa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mombasa</collectingRegion>
(approx. 
<geoCoordinate box="[1187,1269,349,375]" degrees="4.04" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="555" value="-4.04">4.04°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1286,1385,348,375]" degrees="39.66" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="555" value="39.66">39.66°E</geoCoordinate>
), amongst river debris, 
<date box="[462,588,384,410]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1987-09">Sep. 1987</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[605,684,384,410]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.1990.067.00001: 
<specimenCount box="[921,986,384,410]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
, Arabuko-Sokoke Forest (
<geoCoordinate box="[1311,1393,384,410]" degrees="3.32" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="555" value="-3.32">3.32°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[189,288,419,445]" degrees="39.87" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="555" value="39.87">39.87°E</geoCoordinate>
), 
<quantity box="[306,377,419,445]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
SW of Gedi, 
<taxonomicName authority="Benth." authorityName="Benth." box="[528,765,419,445]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[528,683,419,445]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brachystegia</emphasis>
Benth.
</taxonomicName>
woodland on sandy soil with some leaf litter, leg. 
<collectionCode box="[1329,1394,419,445]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13544" name="Manchester Banksian Society" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Herbarium">MBS</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[189,348,454,480]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1989-08-12">12 Aug. 1989</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[357,435,454,480]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.2012.042.00002: 
<specimenCount box="[666,724,454,480]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">2 ad.</specimenCount>
, Diani Beach (
<geoCoordinate box="[893,975,454,480]" degrees="4.27" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="555" value="-4.27">4.27°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[986,1085,454,481]" degrees="39.59" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="555" value="39.59">39.59°E</geoCoordinate>
), south of 
<collectingRegion box="[1203,1322,454,480]" country="Kenya" name="Mombasa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mombasa</collectingRegion>
, under deep mixed broadleaf litter, 
<quantity box="[517,576,490,516]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
alt., leg. P. L. Cresswell, 
<date box="[871,1026,490,516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1997-04-24">24 Apr. 1997</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[1036,1152,489,515]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
.1911.10.12.146-147: 2 ads, Gazi, standing as “ 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1910" box="[486,561,525,551]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius">
<emphasis box="[486,561,525,551]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[189,1399,313,622]" lastBlockId="7.[189,1399,267,936]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<collectingCountry box="[189,343,560,586]" name="Tanzania" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectionCode box="[359,437,560,586]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.2009.013.00226: 2 ads, Jozani Forest Reserve (
<geoCoordinate box="[1050,1133,560,586]" degrees="6.23" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="555" value="-6.23">6.23°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1150,1250,560,586]" degrees="39.42" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="555" value="39.42">39.42°E</geoCoordinate>
), Unguja I., 
<collectingRegion box="[189,295,595,621]" country="Tanzania" name="Kaskazini Unguja" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zanzibar</collectingRegion>
, leg. 
<collectionCode box="[358,400,596,622]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">BR</collectionCode>
, B.H. Warren, &amp; 
<collectionCode box="[606,666,595,621]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12862" name="Clifton College" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Herbarium">CFN</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[678,821,595,622]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2009-02-05">5 Feb. 2009</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[833,911,595,621]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.2004.014.00023: 10 ads, 
<specimenCount box="[1235,1303,595,621]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">1 juv.</specimenCount>
, several in poor condition, Jozani Forest Reserve, Unguja I., 
<collectingRegion box="[803,909,267,293]" country="Tanzania" name="Kaskazini Unguja" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Zanzibar</collectingRegion>
, leg. 
<collectionCode box="[971,1006,268,294]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PT</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode box="[1018,1083,267,293]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13544" name="Manchester Banksian Society" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">MBS</collectionCode>
, &amp; 
<collectionCode box="[1124,1184,267,293]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12862" name="Clifton College" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">CFN</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[1196,1394,267,294]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2000-03-11" valueMax="2000-03-12" valueMin="2000-03-11">11-12 Mar. 2000</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[189,267,303,329]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.2003.001.00006: 2 ads, Mkungwe Forest Reserve (
<geoCoordinate box="[897,979,303,329]" degrees="6.90" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-6.9">6.90°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[992,1092,303,329]" degrees="37.91" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="37.91">37.91°E</geoCoordinate>
), Uluguru Mts, 
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Morogoro" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Morogoro District</collectingRegion>
, submontane forest, approx. 
<quantity box="[616,689,339,365]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
alt., leg. 
<collectionCode box="[796,835,339,365]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">BR</collectionCode>
&amp; 
<collectionCode box="[872,932,339,365]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12862" name="Clifton College" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">CFN</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[943,1084,339,365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2003-02-07">7 Feb. 2003</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[1095,1173,339,365]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.2003.001.00007: 
<specimenCount box="[189,246,374,401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount box="[257,323,374,401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 juv.</specimenCount>
, Kimboza Forest Reserve (
<geoCoordinate box="[634,716,375,401]" degrees="7.01" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-7.01">7.01°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[727,826,375,401]" degrees="37.78" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="37.78">37.78°E</geoCoordinate>
), Uluguru Mts, 
<collectingRegion box="[1007,1222,374,401]" country="Tanzania" name="Morogoro" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Morogoro District</collectingRegion>
, lowland forest on limestone, approx. 
<quantity box="[443,515,410,437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
alt., leg. 
<collectionCode box="[616,658,411,437]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">BR</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode box="[667,702,411,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PT</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode box="[711,776,410,436]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13544" name="Manchester Banksian Society" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">MBS</collectionCode>
, &amp; 
<collectionCode box="[813,873,410,436]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12862" name="Clifton College" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">CFN</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[882,1019,410,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2003-02-05">5 Feb. 2003</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[1028,1106,410,436]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.2007.012.00001: 
<specimenCount box="[1337,1393,410,436]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
, Pugu Hills Nature Reserve (
<geoCoordinate box="[518,600,446,472]" degrees="6.89" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-6.89">6.89°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[613,712,446,472]" degrees="39.09" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="39.09">39.09°E</geoCoordinate>
), SE of 
<collectingRegion box="[806,977,446,472]" country="Tanzania" name="Dar es Salaam" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dar es Salaam</collectingRegion>
, leg. 
<collectionCode box="[1039,1099,446,472]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12862" name="Clifton College" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">CFN</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[1111,1223,446,472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2007-01">Jan. 2007</date>
(sequenced by 
<bibRefCitation author="Rowson B. &amp; Tattersfield P. &amp; Symondson W. O. C." box="[189,429,482,508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="85 - 98" refId="ref27332" refString="Rowson B., Tattersfield P. &amp; Symondson W. O. C. 2010 a. Phylogeny and biogeography of tropical carnivorous land-snails (Pulmonata: Streptaxoidea) with particular reference to East Africa and the Indian Ocean. Zoologica Scripta 40: 85 - 98. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2010.00456. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
Rowson 
<emphasis box="[292,351,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
2010a
</bibRefCitation>
as “ 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[481,651,482,508]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius">
<emphasis box="[481,651,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gulella radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”). 
<collectionCode box="[689,756,482,508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMT</collectionCode>
.2000/0130: 6 ads, 6 juvs Mbudya I. (
<geoCoordinate box="[1191,1273,481,507]" degrees="6.66" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-6.66">6.66°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1286,1385,481,508]" degrees="39.25" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="39.25">39.25°E</geoCoordinate>
), 
<collectingRegion box="[189,364,517,544]" country="Tanzania" name="Dar es Salaam" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dar es Salaam</collectingRegion>
, leg. 
<collectionCode box="[430,487,517,543]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12862" name="Clifton College" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">CFN</collectionCode>
&amp; 
<collectionCode box="[528,593,518,544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMT</collectionCode>
team, 
<date box="[675,838,517,544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1998-05-14">14 May 1998</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[851,930,517,544]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.1995.016.00005: 3 ads, Kiono Forest (
<geoCoordinate box="[198,281,553,580]" degrees="6.15" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-6.15">6.15°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[292,391,553,580]" degrees="38.59" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="38.59">38.59°E</geoCoordinate>
), NW of 
<collectingRegion box="[495,662,553,579]" country="Tanzania" name="Dar es Salaam" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dar es Salaam</collectingRegion>
(site 
<collectionCode box="[725,758,553,579]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">III</collectionCode>
), leg. 
<collectionCode box="[827,862,553,579]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PT</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[872,1015,553,580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-03-05">5 Mar. 1995</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[1025,1103,553,580]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.1995.016.00006: 
<specimenCount box="[1335,1393,553,579]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
, Pugu, S of 
<collectingRegion box="[321,492,589,615]" country="Tanzania" name="Dar es Salaam" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dar es Salaam</collectingRegion>
(site 
<collectionCode box="[558,580,589,615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">II</collectionCode>
), leg. 
<collectionCode box="[654,689,589,615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PT</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[702,849,588,615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-03-06">6 Mar. 1995</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[861,939,588,615]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.1995.016.00007: 2 ads, Pugu Forest, S of 
<collectingRegion box="[248,421,624,651]" country="Tanzania" name="Dar es Salaam" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dar es Salaam</collectingRegion>
(site I), leg. 
<collectionCode box="[578,613,625,651]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PT</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[627,777,624,651]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-03-06">6 Mar. 1995</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[790,868,624,651]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.1995.016.00008: 
<specimenCount box="[1103,1164,624,650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
, Amboni caves and Mkulumuzi Gorge (
<geoCoordinate box="[418,501,660,687]" degrees="5.06" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-5.06">5.06°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[511,611,660,687]" degrees="39.05" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="39.05">39.05°E</geoCoordinate>
), near 
<collectingRegion box="[685,756,661,687]" country="Tanzania" name="Tanga" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tanga</collectingRegion>
(site I), leg. 
<collectionCode box="[898,933,661,687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PT</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[943,1085,660,687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-03-03">3 Mar. 1995</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[1095,1173,660,687]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.1995.016.00010: 3 ads, 2 juvs, Amboni, near 
<collectingRegion box="[505,576,696,722]" country="Tanzania" name="Tanga" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tanga</collectingRegion>
(site I), leg. 
<collectionCode box="[719,754,696,722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PT</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[764,906,696,723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-03-03">3 Mar. 1995</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[916,994,696,723]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.1995.016.00009: 2 ads,Amboni, near 
<collectingRegion box="[245,316,732,758]" country="Tanzania" name="Tanga" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tanga</collectingRegion>
(site 
<collectionCode box="[379,412,732,758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">III</collectionCode>
), leg. 
<collectionCode box="[481,516,732,758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PT</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[527,671,731,758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-03-03">3 Mar. 1995</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[681,760,731,758]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.1995.016.00011: 6 ads, Amboni, near 
<collectingRegion box="[1227,1298,732,758]" country="Tanzania" name="Tanga" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tanga</collectingRegion>
(site 
<collectionCode box="[1362,1384,732,758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">II</collectionCode>
), leg. 
<collectionCode box="[242,277,768,794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PT</collectionCode>
, 
<date box="[291,441,767,794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1995-03-03">3 Mar. 1995</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[455,533,767,794]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z.2003.074.00005: 
<specimenCount box="[768,830,767,793]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
, Kwamgumi Forest Reserve (
<geoCoordinate box="[1188,1271,767,793]" degrees="4.94" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-4.94">4.94°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1286,1385,767,794]" degrees="38.75" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="38.75">38.75°E</geoCoordinate>
), East Usambara Mts, 
<collectingRegion box="[441,637,803,829]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Muheza District</collectingRegion>
, lowland forest at approx. 
<quantity box="[963,1040,803,830]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
alt., leg. Frontier Tanzania, 
<date pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1996-12-04">4 Dec. 1996</date>
. 
<collectionCode box="[326,405,839,865]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NMW</collectionCode>
.Z. 2003.074.00006: 
<specimenCount box="[647,705,838,865]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
in poor condition, Mtai Forest Reserve (
<geoCoordinate box="[1190,1272,839,865]" degrees="4.87" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="-4.87">4.87°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1286,1385,839,865]" degrees="38.77" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="555" value="38.77">38.77°E</geoCoordinate>
), East Usambara Mts, 
<collectingRegion box="[436,627,874,900]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Muheza District</collectingRegion>
(plot 73), riverine forest at 
<quantity box="[958,1034,874,901]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
alt., leg. Frontier Tanzania, 
<date pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1996-01-23">23 Jan. 1996</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806774" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3806774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806774/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[189,242,1930,1956]" targetBox="[363,1200,672,1890]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[189,1399,1930,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,299,1930,1956]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 1-5.</emphasis>
Lectotype of 
<taxonomicName authority="Preston, 1910" authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1910" box="[469,809,1930,1957]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius">
<emphasis box="[469,632,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ennea radius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Preston H. B." box="[640,809,1930,1957]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="526 - 536" refId="ref27068" refString="Preston H. B. 1910. Additions to the non-Marine Molluscan Fauna of British and German East Africa and Lake Albert Edward. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8 6: 526 - 536. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931008692885" type="journal article" year="1910">Preston, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, type species of 
<taxonomicName authority="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield, 2013" authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" box="[1012,1162,1930,1956]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1012,1162,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dadagulella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1170,1281,1931,1957]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1289,1312,1930,1956]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.</emphasis>
Apical view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[265,287,1965,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2.</emphasis>
Apertural view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[501,523,1965,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3.</emphasis>
Last two whorls, from left side. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[947,970,1965,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4.</emphasis>
Last two whorls, from right side. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,211,2001,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5.</emphasis>
Umbilical view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,334,976,1002]" box="[189,334,976,1002]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,334,976,1002]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,334,976,1002]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,1399,1023,1550]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
SHELL (
<figureCitation box="[277,378,1023,1050]" captionStart="Figs 1-5" captionStartId="6.[189,242,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[363,1200,672,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[363,1200,672,1890]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 1-5. Lectotype of Ennea radius Preston, 1910, type species of Dadagulella gen. nov. 1. Apical view. 2. Apertural view. 3. Last two whorls, from left side. 4. Last two whorls, from right side. 5. Umbilical view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806774/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 1-5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[393,449,1023,1049]" captionStart="Figs 6-26" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1754,1780]" captionTargetBox="[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 6-26.Adult shells of Dadagulella radius (Preston, 1910) comb. nov., D. browni (van Bruggen, 1969) comb. nov. and their respective subspecies. 6-20. D. radius comb. nov. s.l. 6-8. D. radius calva (Connolly, 1922): 6. Lectotype, Taru Desert. 7. Taru Desert near Malindi. 8. Near Mombasa. 9-20. D. radius radius: 11. Lectotype, Shimba Hills. 12. Gazi. 13. also Gazi. 14. Diani Beach. 15. Amboni. 16. Kimboza. 17. Mkungwe. 18. Pugu. 19. Mbudya I. 20. Jozani. 21-26. D. browni comb. nov. s.l.: 21. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 22. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 23-26. D. browni browni: 23. Mwanihana. 24. Mzelezi. 25. Pomene Bay. 26. Holotype, Lake Sibayi (after van Bruggen 1969)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806778/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">9-20</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[463,535,1023,1050]" captionStart="Figs 43-50" captionStartId="34.[189,241,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,682,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[189,1399,682,1855]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figs 43-50. Juvenile shells of Dadagulella gen. nov. species, with dentition emphasized in basal view including earlier dentition visible through the shell. 43-45. D. radius radius, Mbudya I. 46. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 47-48. D. browni browni, Mwanihana. 49.? D. ecclesiola sp. nov., Kimboza. 50. D. minareta sp. nov., Kimboza." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806792/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">43-50</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[548,621,1023,1050]" captionStart="Figs 51-64" captionStartId="35.[189,241,1719,1745]" captionTargetBox="[203,1389,740,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[189,1398,725,1678]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figs 51-64. Apertures of adult shells of Dadagulella gen. nov. species (not to scale). 51. D. radius calva, lectotype, Taru Desert. 52. D. radius radius, lectotype, Shimba Hills. 53. D. radius radius, Amboni. 54. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 55. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 56. D. ecclesiola sp. nov., holotype, Kimboza (two views of shell showing basal tooth only visible when shell angled). 57. D. cresswelli sp. nov., holotype, Ngorongoro. 58. D. minareta sp. nov., holotype, Kimboza. 59. D. cuspidata comb. nov., holotype, Shume (note shell angled slightly differently to that in Fig. 31). 60. D. pembensis sp. nov., holotype, Ngezi. 61. D. frontierarum sp. nov., holotype, Mtai. 62. D. minuscula minuscula, lectotype, Nzwani. 63. D. minuscula minuscula, paralectotype, Nzwani. 64. D. minuscula mahorana subsp. nov., holotype, Mayotte." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806796/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">52-53</figureCitation>
). Very variable in size, shape and dentition, small to large (
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6999999999999997" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="3.6999999999999997" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="2.8">
2.80 
<emphasis box="[1389,1399,1024,1049]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-</emphasis>
4.60 mm
</quantity>
high x 
<quantity box="[392,560,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.02" metricValueMax="2.44" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="2.02" valueMax="2.44" valueMin="1.6">
1.60 
<emphasis box="[443,453,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-</emphasis>
2.44 mm
</quantity>
wide), of 6.0 
<emphasis box="[724,734,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-</emphasis>
7.0 whorls. Ovate-acuminate, spire narrowly to broadly acuminate (spire angle 55 
<emphasis box="[504,514,1095,1120]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-</emphasis>
70°). Apex pointed. Embryonic whorls smoothly granulate. Later whorls with relatively coarse and few ribs (7 
<emphasis box="[659,669,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-</emphasis>
16 per mm on penultimate whorl). Sutures relatively deep. Umbilicus closed or narrowly open. Peristome complete or (more often) incomplete parietally. Outer palatal surface of aperture with a depression corresponding to the palatal tooth and sometimes another one corresponding to the basal tooth. Dentition 5-fold to 7-fold, consisting of at least: one lamella-like parietal tooth; one slab-like palatal tooth, often bifid; one basal denticle; one shallow columellar denticle (very weak in some cases) and one deep-set columellar baffle, always visible. Parieto-palatal sinus, if present, broad, seldom narrow or parallel-sided. Neither the columellar baffle nor basal denticle were mentioned in 
<bibRefCitation author="Preston H. B." box="[355,550,1380,1406]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="526 - 536" refId="ref27068" refString="Preston H. B. 1910. Additions to the non-Marine Molluscan Fauna of British and German East Africa and Lake Albert Edward. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8 6: 526 - 536. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931008692885" type="journal article" year="1910">Preston’s (1910)</bibRefCitation>
original description, although both are clearly visible on the 
<typeStatus box="[1291,1399,1380,1406]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">lectotype</typeStatus>
which is apparently the originally figured specimen. We assume this to have been a lapsus. One or two additional columellar denticles may be present (e.g. 
<figureCitation box="[808,988,1451,1478]" captionStart="Figs 6-26" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1754,1780]" captionTargetBox="[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 6-26.Adult shells of Dadagulella radius (Preston, 1910) comb. nov., D. browni (van Bruggen, 1969) comb. nov. and their respective subspecies. 6-20. D. radius comb. nov. s.l. 6-8. D. radius calva (Connolly, 1922): 6. Lectotype, Taru Desert. 7. Taru Desert near Malindi. 8. Near Mombasa. 9-20. D. radius radius: 11. Lectotype, Shimba Hills. 12. Gazi. 13. also Gazi. 14. Diani Beach. 15. Amboni. 16. Kimboza. 17. Mkungwe. 18. Pugu. 19. Mbudya I. 20. Jozani. 21-26. D. browni comb. nov. s.l.: 21. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 22. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 23-26. D. browni browni: 23. Mwanihana. 24. Mzelezi. 25. Pomene Bay. 26. Holotype, Lake Sibayi (after van Bruggen 1969)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806778/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 12, 14, 15</figureCitation>
). Juvenile shells (
<figureCitation box="[1200,1330,1451,1478]" captionStart="Figs 43-50" captionStartId="34.[189,241,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,682,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[189,1399,682,1855]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figs 43-50. Juvenile shells of Dadagulella gen. nov. species, with dentition emphasized in basal view including earlier dentition visible through the shell. 43-45. D. radius radius, Mbudya I. 46. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 47-48. D. browni browni, Mwanihana. 49.? D. ecclesiola sp. nov., Kimboza. 50. D. minareta sp. nov., Kimboza." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806792/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 43-45</figureCitation>
) with 3-fold dentition: one parietal lamella; one bifid basal tooth; and one columellar tooth or thickening. Some earlier teeth are retained in some juveniles and even adults (e.g. some specimens from Jozani).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,1398,1589,1651]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">CEPHALOPODIUM. Pale cream or yellow, with apricot to orange tentacle retractors and often with brown speckles on the mantle.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,1399,1690,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
SALIVARY GLANDS (
<figureCitation box="[409,500,1690,1717]" captionStart="Figs 69-76" captionStartId="37.[189,241,1789,1815]" captionTargetBox="[202,1390,364,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[189,1398,356,1749]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figs 69-76. Salivary glands and genitalia of Dadagulella gen. nov. species. 69. D. radius radius, Amboni. 70. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 71. D. browni browni, Kosi Bay. 72. D. delta sp. nov., Mwanihana. 73. D. radius radius, Amboni. 74. D. browni browni, Kosi Bay. 75. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 76. D. delta sp. nov., Mwanihana. Abbreviations: ad = anterior duct of salivary gland; ag = albumen gland; at = atrium; bc = bursa copulatrix; bd = bursa duct; dv = diverticulum of vas deferens; e = egg; fo = free oviduct; hdd/t = hermaphroditic duct diverticulum / talon; ma = muscular apex; p = penis; pd = posterior duct of salivary gland; pr = penial retractor muscle; v = vagina; vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806804/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
). United, soft, not tumid, elongate, bilobed to nearly Y-shaped; each duct leaving at the whitened apex of the lobe and evenly thick throughout.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,1398,1792,1890]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
RADULA (
<figureCitation box="[299,387,1792,1819]" captionStart="Figs 65-68" captionStartId="36.[189,241,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,903,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[189,1399,903,1855]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figs 65-68. Radulae of Dadagulella gen. nov. species. 65. D. radius radius, Amboni. 66. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi, radula in situ on odontophore, ventral view. 67. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 68. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi, teeth from ventral end of radular ribbon. Abbreviations: c = central tooth; ii, iii, and iv = examples of bi-, tri- and quadricuspid teeth respectively. All scalebars = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806800/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
). With a unicuspid central tooth and around 13 laterals in each half-row, diminishing gradually in size laterally. All laterals bicuspid or tricuspid, with outer cusps much smaller than inner cusps.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,1399,1929,2027]" lastBlockId="8.[189,1399,267,442]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
GENITALIA (
<figureCitation box="[320,407,1929,1955]" captionStart="Figs 69-76" captionStartId="37.[189,241,1789,1815]" captionTargetBox="[202,1390,364,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[189,1398,356,1749]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figs 69-76. Salivary glands and genitalia of Dadagulella gen. nov. species. 69. D. radius radius, Amboni. 70. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 71. D. browni browni, Kosi Bay. 72. D. delta sp. nov., Mwanihana. 73. D. radius radius, Amboni. 74. D. browni browni, Kosi Bay. 75. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi. 76. D. delta sp. nov., Mwanihana. Abbreviations: ad = anterior duct of salivary gland; ag = albumen gland; at = atrium; bc = bursa copulatrix; bd = bursa duct; dv = diverticulum of vas deferens; e = egg; fo = free oviduct; hdd/t = hermaphroditic duct diverticulum / talon; ma = muscular apex; p = penis; pd = posterior duct of salivary gland; pr = penial retractor muscle; v = vagina; vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806804/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 73</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[418,493,1929,1956]" captionStart="Figs 77-83" captionStartId="38.[189,241,1789,1815]" captionTargetBox="[201,1381,776,1726]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[189,1398,759,1748]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figs 77-83. Penes and spermatophores of Dadagulella gen. nov. species. 77. D. radius radius, Amboni, penis with spermatophore in situ. 78. Same, hook and scoop in situ when hook lifted back to expose scoop. 79. D. pembensis sp. nov., Ngezi, penis. 80, same, spermatophore from penis of another individual. 81. D. delta, Mwanihana, penis. 82. D. browni browni, Kosi Bay, penis (diagrammatic). 83. D. radius crassa, Amboni, scoop magnified to show serrated edge. Abbreviations: cl = chitinized lobe; lh = large apical hook; ma = muscular apex; pr = penial retractor muscle; sc = apical scoop; st = spermatophore tail; sr = spermatophore reservoir; vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806808/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">77, 83</figureCitation>
). Vas deferens appearing thickened prior to insertion on penis but actually with a short, broad parallel diverticulum. Penial sheath absent but with a thin sheath-like layer contiguous with walls of lower penis. Interior of penis with weak radial pilasters and small rhombic pads, sometimes with a longitudinal pilaster or short, rounded and weakly chitinized lobe. Apical, muscular part of penis with a single large hook, associated with a “scoop” with microscopically serrated tip. Elsewhere in penis, a single longitudinal row of short, simple hooks mounted on rhombic pads. “Spermatophore” (see Discussion) present in penis and vagina of one Amboni specimen; “spermatophore” tail, apparently attached to penis wall, present in penis of one Pugu specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="multiple">
<paragraph blockId="8.[189,421,482,509]" box="[189,421,482,509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,421,482,509]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,421,482,509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Range and habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[189,1399,531,816]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Eastern 
<collectingCountry box="[284,361,532,558]" name="Kenya" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Kenya</collectingCountry>
and eastern 
<collectingCountry box="[508,617,531,557]" name="Tanzania" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, including Unguja (
<collectingCountry box="[849,957,531,558]" name="Tanzania" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
) island. Apparently replaced by other 
<taxonomicName authority="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield, 2013" authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,336,568,594]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis box="[189,336,568,594]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dadagulella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[343,450,569,595]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
species on 
<collectingRegion box="[585,743,568,594]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Pemba" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pemba island</collectingRegion>
and in some lowland areas and montane forests, and by 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="van Bruggen" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[189,305,605,631]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="browni" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis box="[189,305,605,631]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. browni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[311,439,605,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis box="[445,479,605,631]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">s.l.</emphasis>
in 
<collectingCountry box="[513,618,605,631]" name="Tanzania" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
from around 
<geoCoordinate box="[774,838,605,631]" degrees="7.8" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="5555" value="-7.8">7.8°S</geoCoordinate>
southwards. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[991,1240,605,631]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="radius" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="radius">
<emphasis box="[991,1240,605,631]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dadagulella r. radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1245,1374,605,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is sympatric with other 
<taxonomicName authority="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield, 2013" authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" box="[438,585,642,668]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis box="[438,585,642,668]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dadagulella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[592,699,643,669]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
species at Kwamgumi, Pugu and Kimboza [it has also been recorded from Kimboza by 
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[520,774,678,705]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref28139" refString="Verdcourt B. 2006. A Revised List of the Non-marine Mollusca of East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, excluding Lake Malawi). Verdcourt B., Maidenhead, UK." type="book" year="2006">Verdcourt (2006: 48)</bibRefCitation>
]. The records are mainly from forest and other wellvegetated habitats; 
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[421,626,716,742]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="219 - 224" refId="ref28100" refString="Verdcourt B. 2000. Molluscs. In: Burgess N. D. &amp; Clarke G. P. (eds) Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa: 219 - 224. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland." type="book chapter" year="2000">Verdcourt (2000)</bibRefCitation>
suggested the habitat was “woodland/forest”. 
<bibRefCitation author="Lange C. N. &amp; Mwinzi M." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="61 - 67" refId="ref26821" refString="Lange C. N. &amp; Mwinzi M. 2003. Snail diversity, abundance and distribution in Arabuko Sokoke forest, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology. 41 (1): 61 - 67. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2028.2003.00412. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Lange &amp; Mwinzi (2003)</bibRefCitation>
found 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[353,466,753,779]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis box="[353,466,753,779]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[475,606,753,780]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
across several forest 
<typeStatus box="[864,926,754,780]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">types</typeStatus>
at Arabuko-Sokoke, but 
<bibRefCitation author="Ndalila M." box="[1226,1398,753,779]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref27013" refString="Ndalila M. 2011. Land snails of Shimba Hills National Reserve: their distribution, diversity and some aspects of ecology. Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken." type="book" year="2011">Ndalila (2011)</bibRefCitation>
found only three specimens in the Shimba Hills, all in scrub and grassland rather than forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="8.[189,303,858,884]" box="[189,303,858,884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,303,858,884]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,303,858,884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[189,1399,906,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
This appears to be the most widespread and variable species of 
<taxonomicName authority="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield, 2013" authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" box="[930,1077,906,932]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis box="[930,1077,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dadagulella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1084,1190,906,932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
In this we concur with van 
<bibRefCitation author="Bruggen A. C. van" box="[300,487,943,970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="3 - 116" refId="ref26021" refString="Bruggen A. C. van 1969. Studies on the land molluscs of Zululand, with notes on the distribution of land molluscs in Southern Africa. Zoologische Verhandelingen 103: 3 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruggen (1969)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt B." box="[546,748,943,970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="109 - 121" refId="ref27966" refString="Verdcourt B. 1985. New taxa of Gulella L. Pfr. And Ptychotrema Morch (Mollusca, Streptaxidae) from Eastern Africa. Journal of Conchology 32 (2): 109 - 121." type="journal article" year="1985">Verdcourt (1985)</bibRefCitation>
that 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[809,920,943,969]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis box="[809,920,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[929,1059,943,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is a species variable enough to include shells as different as the 
<typeStatus box="[611,719,980,1006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation box="[735,837,980,1007]" captionStart="Figs 1-5" captionStartId="6.[189,242,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[363,1200,672,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[363,1200,672,1890]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 1-5. Lectotype of Ennea radius Preston, 1910, type species of Dadagulella gen. nov. 1. Apical view. 2. Apertural view. 3. Last two whorls, from left side. 4. Last two whorls, from right side. 5. Umbilical view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806774/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 1-5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[851,880,980,1006]" captionStart="Figs 6-26" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1754,1780]" captionTargetBox="[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 6-26.Adult shells of Dadagulella radius (Preston, 1910) comb. nov., D. browni (van Bruggen, 1969) comb. nov. and their respective subspecies. 6-20. D. radius comb. nov. s.l. 6-8. D. radius calva (Connolly, 1922): 6. Lectotype, Taru Desert. 7. Taru Desert near Malindi. 8. Near Mombasa. 9-20. D. radius radius: 11. Lectotype, Shimba Hills. 12. Gazi. 13. also Gazi. 14. Diani Beach. 15. Amboni. 16. Kimboza. 17. Mkungwe. 18. Pugu. 19. Mbudya I. 20. Jozani. 21-26. D. browni comb. nov. s.l.: 21. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 22. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 23-26. D. browni browni: 23. Mwanihana. 24. Mzelezi. 25. Pomene Bay. 26. Holotype, Lake Sibayi (after van Bruggen 1969)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806778/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">11</figureCitation>
) and those from Diani Beach (
<figureCitation box="[1249,1339,980,1006]" captionStart="Figs 6-26" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1754,1780]" captionTargetBox="[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 6-26.Adult shells of Dadagulella radius (Preston, 1910) comb. nov., D. browni (van Bruggen, 1969) comb. nov. and their respective subspecies. 6-20. D. radius comb. nov. s.l. 6-8. D. radius calva (Connolly, 1922): 6. Lectotype, Taru Desert. 7. Taru Desert near Malindi. 8. Near Mombasa. 9-20. D. radius radius: 11. Lectotype, Shimba Hills. 12. Gazi. 13. also Gazi. 14. Diani Beach. 15. Amboni. 16. Kimboza. 17. Mkungwe. 18. Pugu. 19. Mbudya I. 20. Jozani. 21-26. D. browni comb. nov. s.l.: 21. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 22. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 23-26. D. browni browni: 23. Mwanihana. 24. Mzelezi. 25. Pomene Bay. 26. Holotype, Lake Sibayi (after van Bruggen 1969)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806778/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). We retain one such extreme form, subsequently described by 
<bibRefCitation author="Connolly M." box="[876,1072,1017,1043]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="485 - 517" refId="ref26391" refString="Connolly M. 1922. Notes on African Non-marine Mollusca, with Descriptions of Many New Species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 9 10 (59): 485 - 517, pl. XIV. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932208632797" type="journal article" year="1922">Connolly (1922)</bibRefCitation>
as 
<taxonomicName authority="Connolly, 1922" authorityName="Connolly" authorityYear="1922" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="calva">
<emphasis box="[1115,1275,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gulella calva</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Connolly M." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="485 - 517" refId="ref26391" refString="Connolly M. 1922. Notes on African Non-marine Mollusca, with Descriptions of Many New Species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 9 10 (59): 485 - 517, pl. XIV. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932208632797" type="journal article" year="1922">Connolly, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as a subspecies of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[491,604,1054,1080]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis box="[491,604,1054,1080]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[614,746,1054,1080]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(see below) but we refrain from describing additional subspecies since these forms are not obviously geographically isolated (e.g. at Amboni, 
<figureCitation box="[1251,1337,1091,1118]" captionStart="Figs 6-26" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1754,1780]" captionTargetBox="[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 6-26.Adult shells of Dadagulella radius (Preston, 1910) comb. nov., D. browni (van Bruggen, 1969) comb. nov. and their respective subspecies. 6-20. D. radius comb. nov. s.l. 6-8. D. radius calva (Connolly, 1922): 6. Lectotype, Taru Desert. 7. Taru Desert near Malindi. 8. Near Mombasa. 9-20. D. radius radius: 11. Lectotype, Shimba Hills. 12. Gazi. 13. also Gazi. 14. Diani Beach. 15. Amboni. 16. Kimboza. 17. Mkungwe. 18. Pugu. 19. Mbudya I. 20. Jozani. 21-26. D. browni comb. nov. s.l.: 21. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 22. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 23-26. D. browni browni: 23. Mwanihana. 24. Mzelezi. 25. Pomene Bay. 26. Holotype, Lake Sibayi (after van Bruggen 1969)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806778/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) and occur throughout the geographical range of the species. The variation between them often appears continuous rather than discrete (e.g. compare 
<figureCitation box="[747,879,1165,1191]" captionStart="Figs 6-26" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1754,1780]" captionTargetBox="[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 6-26.Adult shells of Dadagulella radius (Preston, 1910) comb. nov., D. browni (van Bruggen, 1969) comb. nov. and their respective subspecies. 6-20. D. radius comb. nov. s.l. 6-8. D. radius calva (Connolly, 1922): 6. Lectotype, Taru Desert. 7. Taru Desert near Malindi. 8. Near Mombasa. 9-20. D. radius radius: 11. Lectotype, Shimba Hills. 12. Gazi. 13. also Gazi. 14. Diani Beach. 15. Amboni. 16. Kimboza. 17. Mkungwe. 18. Pugu. 19. Mbudya I. 20. Jozani. 21-26. D. browni comb. nov. s.l.: 21. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 22. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 23-26. D. browni browni: 23. Mwanihana. 24. Mzelezi. 25. Pomene Bay. 26. Holotype, Lake Sibayi (after van Bruggen 1969)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806778/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 17-20</figureCitation>
, each from a similar latitude and arranged in order from W to E). Furthermore, some variability is often present at a single locality, e.g. at Gazi (compare 
<figureCitation box="[309,493,1239,1265]" captionStart="Figs 6-26" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1754,1780]" captionTargetBox="[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[295,1292,265,1714]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 6-26.Adult shells of Dadagulella radius (Preston, 1910) comb. nov., D. browni (van Bruggen, 1969) comb. nov. and their respective subspecies. 6-20. D. radius comb. nov. s.l. 6-8. D. radius calva (Connolly, 1922): 6. Lectotype, Taru Desert. 7. Taru Desert near Malindi. 8. Near Mombasa. 9-20. D. radius radius: 11. Lectotype, Shimba Hills. 12. Gazi. 13. also Gazi. 14. Diani Beach. 15. Amboni. 16. Kimboza. 17. Mkungwe. 18. Pugu. 19. Mbudya I. 20. Jozani. 21-26. D. browni comb. nov. s.l.: 21. D. browni mafiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Mlula. 22. D. browni semulikiensis subsp. nov., holotype, Semuliki NP. 23-26. D. browni browni: 23. Mwanihana. 24. Mzelezi. 25. Pomene Bay. 26. Holotype, Lake Sibayi (after van Bruggen 1969)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3806778" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3806778/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 12 and 13</figureCitation>
). Despite this, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[676,789,1239,1265]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis box="[676,789,1239,1265]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[799,931,1239,1266]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis box="[940,975,1239,1265]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">s.l.</emphasis>
differs from other similar, lowland species as follows. It differs from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="van Bruggen" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[587,704,1276,1302]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="browni" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis box="[587,704,1276,1302]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. browni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[711,841,1276,1303]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis box="[847,882,1276,1302]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">s.l.</emphasis>
in never having either an additional parietal denticle or two basal denticles, and in normally having a broader (or no) parieto-palatal sinus. It differs from 
<taxonomicName authority="(Muratov, 2010)" authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Muratov" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[254,584,1350,1376]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="delgada" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis box="[254,385,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. delgada</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Muratov I. V." box="[399,575,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="255 - 288" refId="ref26968" refString="Muratov I. V. 2010. Terrestrial molluscs of Cabo Delgado and adjacent inland areas of north-eastern Mozambique. African Invertebrates 51 (2): 255 - 288. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 051.0203" type="journal article" year="2010">Muratov, 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[591,721,1350,1377]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in lacking the flaring, lamella-like ribs and nearly always having a more broadly acuminate spire. It differs from 
<taxonomicName authority="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield, 2013" authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" box="[855,1011,1387,1413]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ecclesiola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[855,1011,1387,1413]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. ecclesiola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1021,1114,1388,1414]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in not having the basal denticle hidden behind the palatal tooth, in having at least one shallow columellar tooth, and in having a broader (or no) parieto-palatal sinus. The distinction between 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[904,1014,1461,1487]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Dadagulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radius" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis box="[904,1014,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. radius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1020,1149,1461,1488]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis box="[1154,1189,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">s.l.</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rowson &amp; Tattersfield" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Morelet" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[1243,1399,1461,1487]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minuscula" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1243,1399,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D. minuscula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[189,318,1498,1525]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
of the 
<collectingCountry box="[398,509,1498,1524]" name="Comoros" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Comoros</collectingCountry>
, with which it was compared by 
<bibRefCitation author="Preston H. B." box="[890,1066,1498,1525]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="526 - 536" refId="ref27068" refString="Preston H. B. 1910. Additions to the non-Marine Molluscan Fauna of British and German East Africa and Lake Albert Edward. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8 6: 526 - 536. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931008692885" type="journal article" year="1910">Preston (1910)</bibRefCitation>
, is discussed under the latter species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>