134 lines
12 KiB
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134 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.60611" ID-GBIF-Dataset="46e97937-ae1b-4fa5-92a3-abdb7474784d" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223364" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-81" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E49FE28F84D353F6ADDF2598DB8661F2" ID-ZooBank="2AD03B672D3B4B03A37359854A506F3E" ModsDocID="1860-1324-68-1-81" checkinTime="1621372287656" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Skartveit, John" docDate="2021" docId="1FA82D5CE189527ABEBBF5E36610DF35" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 68(1): 81-99" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68 (1)" docPubDate="2021-01-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.60611" docTitle="Penthetria sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="E49FE28F84D353F6ADDF2598DB8661F2" lastPageNumber="81" masterDocId="E49FE28F84D353F6ADDF2598DB8661F2" masterDocTitle="A new fossil species of the genus Bibio, with an update on bibionid flies from Baltic and Rovno amber (Diptera, Bibionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="81" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1643427741696" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new fossil species of the genus Bibio, with an update on bibionid flies from Baltic and Rovno amber (Diptera, Bibionidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skartveit, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-3399</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>NLA University College Bergen, P. O. Box 74 Sandviken, N- 5812 Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">john.skartveit@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-01-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>68</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>81</mods:start>
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<mods:end>99</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.60611</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.60611</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-1-81</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2AD03B672D3B4B03A37359854A506F3E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">E49FE28F84D353F6ADDF2598DB8661F2</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223364" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FA82D5CE189527ABEBBF5E36610DF35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1FA82D5CE189527ABEBBF5E36610DF35" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName LSID="1FA82D5C-E189-527A-BEBB-F5E36610DF35" authority="sp." authorityName="sp." class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Penthetria" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Penthetria sp.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Penthetria sp., female. SDEI Dip- 00823 - CCHH 1789 - 4. Photo: Christel and Hans-Werner Hoffeins." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.60611.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/501933" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Penthetria sp., female, wing. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.60611.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/501948" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">, 18</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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Female, SDEI Dip-00823 - CCHH#1789-4, embedded in a clear amber block which has undergone autoclave treatment (C. Hoffeins,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">in litt</emphasis>
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.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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The species differs from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Skartveit" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Penthetria montanaregis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montanaregis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Penthetria montanaregis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the following aspects: smaller, wing length about
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
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, wing narrower, more than 3 times as long as wide (in bibionids, females generally have wider wings than conspecific males) with reduced anal lobe, R2+3 placed more distally so that the segment R2-5 is almost as long as R4+5 (less than half as long in
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<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. montanaregis" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rank="species" species="montanaregis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. montanaregis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), fork of M strongly asymmetrical (nearly symmetrical in
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<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. montanaregis" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rank="species" species="montanaregis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. montanaregis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), CuA2 apically strongly curved basad (moderately curved basad in
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<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. montanaregis" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rank="species" species="montanaregis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. montanaregis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). It differs from female
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Skartveit" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Penthetria integroneura" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="integroneura">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Penthetria integroneura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Skartveit, 2009 most conspicuously by the presence of R2+3 and by the more strongly curved CuA-veins, also by the presence of strong setae dorsally on the thorax and apparently by the head shape, though the latter is likely affected by autoclave treatment.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Male unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Female</emphasis>
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(N = 1): Total length 5.0 mm. The specimen is of a uniform, dark colour, likely affected by the autoclaving.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Head: length 0.58 mm. Apparent shape probably affected by autoclaving, outline of complex eye not possible to see. Flagellum 0.42 mm long, 0.07 mm wide, 7-segmented, shape of flagellomeres obviously affected by autoclaving. Palp relatively long, outer segments appear to be very slender, but this is likely an artefact caused by autoclaving.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Thorax: Length 1.18 mm. Dorsally with some relatively long and strong, erect setae, details otherwise not possible to make out. Haltere light brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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Legs: relatively long, femorae slightly clavate, tibiae apparently very slender (possibly affected by autoclaving). The legs are clad with relatively long, brown pile, on tibiae about as long as the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="tibia’s">tibia's</normalizedToken>
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width. Tibial spurs fine and sharp. Segment measurements, all inn mm: fore femur length 1.37, width 0.16, fore tibia length 1.32, width 0.12, mid femur length 1.23, hind femur length 1.69, width 0.18, hind tibia length 1.71, width 0.13, hind first tarsomere length 0.63, width 0.07.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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Wing (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Penthetria sp., female, wing. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.68.60611.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/501948" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">18</figureCitation>
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): Length 4.6 mm, width 1.5 mm, length/width = 3.1. Brown fumose, relatively slender, veins brown throughout, R-veins considerably more robust than M- and CuA-veins. Costa relatively strong with rather long setules which at least basally are longer than the width of the vein, extending a little past half-way between apices of R4+5 and M1. Humeral vein present, oblique. Pterostigma relatively small, oval, brown. Subcosta fine but distinctive, straight. R2+3 oblique, almost straight, a little less than half as long as R4+5, which is gently curved. Rs straight, nearly three times as long as R-M, which is vertical. R2-5 (basally of R2+3) almost as long as R4+5 (distally of R2+3). M basally connected to CuA. M-veins fine, M and M2 form an approximately straight line with M1 diverging forward from this. CuA1 apically slightly, CuA2 strongly bent basad. CuP parallel to CuA/CuA2, fine but does reach wing margin. Anal lobe strongly reduced, basal-posterior edge of the wing nearly straight-lined. Vein lengths, all in mm: Subcosta 2.48, Basal R 1.46, R1 1.44, Rs 0.53, R2-5 1.09, R2+3 0.58, R4+5 1.27, R-M 0.19, basal M 1.41, distal M 0.44, M1 1.85, M2 1.41, M-CuA 0.14, CuA 1.02, CuA1 1.99, CuA2 1.18. The wings have numerous, transverse cracks probably caused by autoclaving, this has not altered the overall shape, though.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Abdomen: Length 3.6 mm, dark, cylindrical, with fine, dark, short pile. Shape of terminalia difficult to make out, probably affected by autoclaving.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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The specimen of this species is obviously affected by autoclave treatment, particularly so in the head where the overall shape appears changed, the outlines of the complex eyes are not possible to make out, and the shapes of the antennal and palp segments are strongly disrupted. The autoclaving appears also to have altered the appearance of the terminalia, and possibly thorax and legs to some extent. However, the wing characters appear to be uncompromised and should be sufficient to recognise the species, at the very least to differentiate it from the other species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Penthetria" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Penthetria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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known from Baltic amber. Identifying
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Penthetria" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Penthetria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species based on female specimens is very difficult in recent species and this is probably so in fossil species, too, hence this specimen is not given a formal name at this stage.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/dez.68.60611.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/501933" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Penthetria" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Penthetria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">female.</emphasis>
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SDEI Dip-00823 - CCHH#1789-4. Photo: Christel and Hans-Werner Hoffeins.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |