359 lines
46 KiB
XML
359 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="E71BCB72E6365CFFAECEF1730CFBECA0" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4180.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4180.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b4fade9b-5b2c-4855-973e-3ef871e879f1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="164222" ID-ZooBank="EADF5552-8FDF-4AD6-95CB-B7AACE764F97" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1478070779287" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shear, William A. & Warfel, Joseph G." docDate="2016" docId="039D941BFFD5FFDED6EAF864FEB0D80F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4180.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4180 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Taracus Simon 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFA4EC63FFDEFFD3D67DFFF3FFA0DB52" masterDocTitle="The harvestman genus Taracus Simon 1879, and the new genus Oskoron (Opiliones: Ischyropsalidoidea: Taracidae)" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698391641761" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="7C684523E96BBCAD79786202A178903E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3840B2DA357B2F2CBCDE2A9984B24A79">
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<mods:title id="8978C09F1710F334B4D94BF38D891688">The harvestman genus Taracus Simon 1879, and the new genus Oskoron (Opiliones: Ischyropsalidoidea: Taracidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B1AA5CEFA09B99EFB1DE523F122C2D8F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="005EC728B0F331FFFFB42997CEAB9FD3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C7F20E3F8E86372ECA6DCC2AD8552D05">Shear, William A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9831E7D67EB3F40E41191E62D1E05483" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5093282AAA66573BF0923E2DB666F16B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C24C38D03D5B2BCF0FCBC3FDD568F5BB">Warfel, Joseph G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A4C58E98809CC8A13FFF2BA7D529E693">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="013B0B9884740B3FAF878408B70D1DFB">
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<mods:title id="2FBFC6EB31CFCBA8EA94D79514B922B1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="67743A417C8325A87645F2DFB58521EE">
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<mods:date id="70D009E7C04E0987DE6C16EAA7909F65">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="8E53313007359C1F42367183081A409C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E25958C54F7CCA544EF92C1E772DF0BA">4180</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="DE291E18DB3C9706D8AAE7C0B8B26B72" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="5C24B1CFE1ECD96C6C237CC138C09618">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A09D63F0C58279609D81B6A671871AE5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="60A02293849294B67732F29861E134D4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4180.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ED11F7E9088772F035CC06C37E4898CC" type="GBIF-Dataset">b4fade9b-5b2c-4855-973e-3ef871e879f1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B87C9922FA2C8E2EC66A87775D3B7DF4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BDB3E9E03C844B9948C5000B4B30A5E0" type="Zenodo-Dep">164222</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039D941BFFD5FFDED6EAF864FEB0D80F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6085253" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124560933" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6085253" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D941BFFD5FFDED6EAF864FEB0D80F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D941BFFD5FFDED6EAF864FEB0D80F" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFD5FFD8D6EAF864FE48DCE3" box="[151,488,1943,1969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD5FFD8D6EAF864FE48DCE3" blockId="11.[151,488,1943,1969]" box="[151,488,1943,1969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D0C39261FFD5FFD8D6EAF864FE48DCE3" bold="true" box="[151,488,1943,1969]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD5FFD8D6EAF864FE48DCE3" bold="true" box="[151,488,1943,1969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD5FFD8D690F864FE48DCE3" ID-CoL="645J6" authority="Simon 1879" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" box="[237,488,1943,1969]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD5FFD8D690F864FEEBDCE3" bold="true" box="[237,331,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Taracus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD5FFD8D72BF864FE48DCE3" author="Simon" box="[342,488,1943,1969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Simon, E. (1879) Descriptions d'Opiliones nouveaux. Annales Societe Entomologique Belgique, 22, LXX - LXXV." type="journal volume" year="1879">Simon 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFD5FFDFD6EAF829FC96DBE2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD5FFDFD6EAF829FC96DBE2" blockId="11.[151,1025,2008,2031]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,2035]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB240223FFD5FFDFD6EAF829FC96DBE2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD5FFD8D6EAF829FE2CDCBC" ID-CoL="645J6" authority="Simon 1879:74" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,396,2008,2031]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD5FFD8D6EAF829FF45DCBD" box="[151,229,2010,2031]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Taracus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A95031CFFD5FFD8D693F82BFE2CDCBC" author="Simon" box="[238,396,2008,2030]" page="74" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1879">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD5FFD8D693F82BFECDDCBC" author="Simon" box="[238,365,2008,2030]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Simon, E. (1879) Descriptions d'Opiliones nouveaux. Annales Societe Entomologique Belgique, 22, LXX - LXXV." type="journal volume" year="1879">Simon 1879</bibRefCitation>
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:74
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0A95031CFFD5FFD8D7EBF82BFDC4DCBC" author="Schonhofer" box="[406,612,2008,2030]" page="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2013">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD5FFD8D7EBF82BFDE8DCBC" author="Schonhofer" box="[406,584,2008,2030]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Schonhofer, A. L. (2013) A taxonomic catalog of the Dyspnoi Hansen and Sorensen, 1904 (Arachnida: Opiliones). Zootaxa, 3679, 1 - 68. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3679.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Schönhofer 2013</bibRefCitation>
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:21
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</treatmentCitation>
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(complete list of species and references)
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD6EAFF64FE8BDBE2" bold="true" box="[151,299,151,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type species</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD746FF6AFD30DBE2" ID-CoL="7WZDD" authority="Simon 1879" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" box="[315,656,151,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="packardi" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD746FF6AFE5EDBE2" box="[315,510,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taracus packardi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD2FFDFD478FF64FD30DBE2" author="Simon" box="[517,656,151,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Simon, E. (1879) Descriptions d'Opiliones nouveaux. Annales Societe Entomologique Belgique, 22, LXX - LXXV." type="journal volume" year="1879">Simon 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFD2FFDFD6BAFF48FE86D805" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD2FFDFD6BAFF48FE94D9F6" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD6BAFF48FEE1DB86" bold="true" box="[199,321,187,212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD7ABFF4EFD8CDB86" box="[470,556,189,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD7ABFF4EFD8CDB86" box="[470,556,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taracus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the new genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD550FF48FC2CDB86" box="[813,908,187,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Oskoron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD550FF48FC2CDB86" box="[813,908,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Oskoron</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can readily be distinguished from all other ischyropsalidoids by the presence of a single metapeltidial sensory cone. The abdomen is often unsclerotized except for small plaques, but ranges to
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD41DFEF7FCAFDA49" box="[608,783,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">scutum parvum</emphasis>
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(in which the first five abdominal terga are fused into a scutum that remains separate from the carapace) in the males of some species. Unlike sabaconids, surface-dwelling
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD6EAFEBFFED5DA31" box="[151,373,332,355]" class="Arachnida" family="Ceratolasmatidae" genus="Hesperonemastoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD6EAFEBFFED5DA31" box="[151,373,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Hesperonemastoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are heavily sclerotized, entirely black in color (the color of the two troglobiotic
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD6EAFE9CFED5DAD4" box="[151,373,367,390]" class="Arachnida" family="Ceratolasmatidae" genus="Hesperonemastoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD6EAFE9CFED5DAD4" box="[151,373,367,390]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Hesperonemastoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species range from pale brown to transparent white [
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD2FFDFD5A4FE9DFBD1DAD5" author="Shear" box="[985,1137,366,391]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Shear, W. A. (2010 b) Hesperonemastoma smilax, n. sp., a remarkable new harvestman from a cave in West Virginia, with comments on other reported cave-dwelling Hesperonemastoma species (Opiliones, Ischyropsalidoidea, Sabaconidae). Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, 72, 105 - 110. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4311 / jcks 2009 lsc 0103" type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="b">Shear 2010b</bibRefCitation>
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]), lack sensory cones, and the metapeltidium, abdominal scutum and carapace are fused into a single dorsal shield. In
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD2F6FE61FB52DAF9" box="[1163,1266,402,427]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD2F6FE61FB4EDAF9" box="[1163,1262,402,427]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Sabacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sabacon</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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relatively softbodied like
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD766FE44FEDBDA9C" box="[283,379,439,462]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD766FE44FED7DA9C" box="[283,375,439,462]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">Taracus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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the palpal tibia is inflated and bears a glabrous area distally, against which the tarsus reflexes; in
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD6C9FE29FEABDAA3" box="[180,267,474,497]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD6C9FE29FEABDAA3" box="[180,267,474,497]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taracus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the articles are not conspicuously inflated and the glabrous area on the tibia is absent.
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD29EFE2AFAE4DAA0" box="[1251,1348,473,498]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Sabacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD29EFE2AFAE4DAA0" box="[1251,1348,473,498]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sabacon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species all have two sensory cones and at most show
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD4E5FE0DFCEBD947" box="[664,843,510,533]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">scutum parvum,</emphasis>
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but most European and Asian
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD2DAFE0EFAA7D944" box="[1191,1287,509,534]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Sabacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD2DAFE0EFAA7D944" box="[1191,1287,509,534]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sabacon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species have poorly sclerotized abdomens. For other genera of the superfamily,
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD5DEFDD2FB97D968" box="[931,1079,545,570]" class="Arachnida" family="Ischyropsalididae" genus="Ischyropsalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD5DEFDD2FB97D968" box="[931,1079,545,570]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ischyropsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species have multiple sensory cones, while species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD7B6FDB7FDEFD90F" box="[459,591,580,605]" class="Arachnida" family="Ceratolasmatidae" genus="Acuclavella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD7B6FDB7FDEFD90F" box="[459,591,580,605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Acuclavella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD4E7FDB7FC92D90F" box="[666,818,580,605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD4E7FDB7FC8DD90F" box="[666,813,580,605]" class="Arachnida" family="Ceratolasmatidae" genus="Ceratolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceratolasma</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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like
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD502FDB7FC40D90F" box="[895,992,580,605]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Sabacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD502FDB7FC40D90F" box="[895,992,580,605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sabacon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, have two.
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD299FDB7FAC0D90F" box="[1252,1376,580,605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Crosybcus,</emphasis>
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like
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD6EAFD9AFEDBD9D2" box="[151,379,617,640]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD6EAFD9AFED7D9D2" box="[151,375,617,640]" class="Arachnida" family="Ceratolasmatidae" genus="Hesperonemastoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hesperonemastoma</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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lacks sensory cones. These latter four genera show
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD5B9FD9AFBD0D9D2" box="[964,1136,617,640]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">scutum parvum</emphasis>
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or
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD2EBFD9BFAB1D9D3" box="[1174,1297,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">completum</emphasis>
|
||
, with heavy sclerotization.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD2FFDFD6BAFD43FE86D805" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
From the closely related
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD790FD5CFD18D99A" box="[493,696,687,712]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD790FD5CFDEFD99A" box="[493,591,687,712]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Oskoron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Oskoron</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD422FD42FD18D99A" box="[607,696,689,712]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">Taracus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be separated by the chelicerae longer than twice the body length, the lack of modified palpal patellae in males, and by the distinctive seta-tipped tubercles that cover the abdomen and ocularium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD7B3FD04FD8DD842" box="[462,557,759,784]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Oskoron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD7B3FD04FD8DD842" box="[462,557,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Oskoron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. In
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD4C9FD0BFCB4D85D" box="[692,788,760,783]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD4C9FD0BFCB0D85D" box="[692,784,760,783]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">Taracus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the endites of the second coxae are strongly reduced and separated from the coxae (a synapomorphy for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD4D5FCEFFD5FD861" box="[680,767,796,819]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD4D5FCEFFD5FD861" box="[680,767,796,819]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taracus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD51CFCE8FC60D866" box="[865,960,795,820]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Oskoron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD51CFCE8FC60D866" box="[865,960,795,820]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Oskoron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are inserted in unsclerotized recesses in the coxae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFD2FFDED6BAFC91FB41DA82" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD2FFDFD6BAFC91FD01DE19" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD6BAFC91FEF9D829" bold="true" box="[199,345,866,891]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length from
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFD2FFDFD44EFC90FD02D828" box="[563,674,867,891]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="4.0">4–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Carapace usually black or dark chestnut brown in adults, broadest behind, with long midline sulcus extending from between chelicerae to ocularium and in some cases marked as median line over ocularium; in lightly pigmented specimens, two prominent slit sense-organs just anterior and lateral to ocularium on each side; carapace often poorly sclerotized posteriolaterally, smooth to finely shagreened texture. Ozopores small, not concealed, dorsolateral, over first leg coxae. Ocularium low, at least as wide as long; smoothly rounded; smooth or with few small setae above eyes. Eyes large or reduced. Metapeltidium free, sclerotized or not, may appear to be partially coalesced with carapace, sometimes marked only by transverse row of small setae, or lacking setae entirely; sensory cone single, median, may be flanked by smaller acute tubercles, set into unsclerotized embayment in posterior margin of carapace, or, if metapeltidium sclerotized, in prominent, white socket. Abdomen soft, white, set with rows or irregular groups of small setae, or with scattered sclerotized (orange to brown) raised plaques bearing larger, robust, acute setae, these patches sometimes coalesced in midline to form small segmental sclerites (partial
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD469FB1EFD44DE56" box="[532,740,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">scutum laminatum</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFD2FFDFD489FB18FCC1DE56" box="[756,865,1259,1284]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 15" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1916,1939]" captionTargetBox="[184,1398,207,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[184,1399,194,1898]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 15. Taracus packardi. Fig. 4, female palpus. Fig. 5, male palpus. Fig. 6, penis. Fig. 7, glans penis. Fig. 8, female, dorsal view. Fig. 9, female, lateral view. Fig. 10, male, dorsal view. Fig. 11, male, lateral view. Fig. 12, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 13, female chelicera, second article, frontal view. Fig. 14, male chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 15, male chelicera, second article, frontal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164224/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 8, 9</figureCitation>
|
||
), or with true
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD27AFB1EFB77DE56" box="[1031,1239,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">scutum laminatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD2FFDFD294FB1EFAC0DE56" box="[1257,1376,1259,1284]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertschi" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD294FB1EFAC0DE56" box="[1257,1376,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. gertschi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFD2FFDFD30DFB18FF16DE7A" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 45" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[185,1423,195,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[164,1424,195,1913]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 45. Taracus gertschi. Fig. 37, female palpus. Fig. 38, male palpus. Fig. 39, penis. Fig. 40, glans penis. Fig. 41, female, dorsal view. Fig. 42, female, lateral view. Fig. 43, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 44, female chelicera, second article, frontal view. Fig. 45, male chelicera, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164228/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
); males of most species with
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD473FAE3FD63DE75" box="[526,707,1296,1319]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">scutum parvum,</emphasis>
|
||
but lateral boundaries of scutum poorly defined (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFD2FFDFD37CFAFCFA2FDE7A" box="[1281,1423,1295,1320]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 27" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[241,1365,199,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[225,1365,193,1888]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 27. Taracus pallipes. Fig. 16, female palpus. Fig. 17, male palpus. Fig. 18, penis. Fig. 19, glans penis. Fig. 20, female, dorsal view. Fig. 21, female, lateral view. Fig. 22, male, dorsal view. Fig. 23, male, lateral view. Fig. 24, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 25, female chelicera, second article, frontal view. Fig. 26, male chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 27, male chelicera, second article, frontal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263232/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 22, 23</figureCitation>
|
||
), plaques may remain prominent within scutum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD2FFDFD6BAFAA5FD69DD73" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Labral sclerite large, pentagonal, with three prominent projections. Labium small, setose. Thoracic sternum absent in males, present in females of some species as two small tubercles bearing few setae. Endites of legs 3 and 4 indistinguishably fused to coxae, free on second coxae, distant from second coxae as small, elongate, setose lobes directed ventrally. Genital operculum with sclerotized distal rim, may be sexually dimorphic (males: evenly rounded; females: apically triangular) or not. Abdominal sternites well-sclerotized to not at all sclerotized, with small setae scattered or sparsely arranged in rows.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD2FFDFD6BAF9DEFA90DD87" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Chelicerae black, robust, elongate, ranging from 1.5 to as much as 3 times body length; basal articles with mediobasal opposed tubercles, set throughout length with seta-bearing tubercles of various sizes, usually largest near basoventral section of articles, smaller distally. Second articles generally more robust, longer; seta-tipped tubercles of these may be at least partially in regular rows, numerous. Fixed and movable fingers turned sharply mesad at approximate 125° angle to long axis of second article; fingers with diaphanous cleaning combs.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD2FFDFD6BAF92CFF56DCD5" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Palpi long, thin; trochanter with few to several ventral seta-tipped tubercles, femora and patellae with moderately dense coat of fine setae; tibiae and tarsi densely set with plumose glandular hairs of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD2FFDFD2B6F8F0FA3CDC4E" box="[1227,1436,1795,1820]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Wolff, J. O., Schonhofer, A. L., Martens, J., Wijnhoven, H., Taylor, C. K. & Gorb, S. N. (2016) The evolution of pedipalps and glandular hairs as predatory devices in harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Z oological Journal of the Linnean Society, 177, 1 - 44. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12375" type="journal article">
|
||
Wolff
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD2FFDFD36FF8F6FAEBDC4E" box="[1298,1355,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
type 6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFD2FFDFD692F8D4FEE4DC12" box="[239,324,1831,1856]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 57" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,817,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,817,1955]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 57. Taracus marchingtoni male. Fig. 53. Palpus. Fig. 54, distal part of tibia and tarsus of palpus. Fig. 55, plumose setae of palpal tarsus. Fig. 56, ornament of femur of first leg. Fig. 57, metathoracic sensory cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263233/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tibiae lack glabrous area opposite tarsi. Tarsi short, not strongly reflexed, without claw or with small, barely detectable vestigial claw. Palpi of males may be shorter than in females, but without modification of patellae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD2FFDFD6BAF860FB50DCA1" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Legs in order of length: 2,4,3,1 or 2,4,1,3 or 2, 4, 1 = 3. Femora with autospasy suture near base; may be obscure or absent. Tibiae without false articulations, metatarsi with or without false articulations, tarsi multiarticulate, bearing single untoothed claw, vestiture of fine setae, appressed trichomes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFD2FFDFD2EAF829FB48DCA1" box="[1175,1256,2010,2035]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 57" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,817,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,817,1955]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 57. Taracus marchingtoni male. Fig. 53. Palpus. Fig. 54, distal part of tibia and tarsus of palpus. Fig. 55, plumose setae of palpal tarsus. Fig. 56, ornament of femur of first leg. Fig. 57, metathoracic sensory cone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/263233/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD3FFDED6BAFF64FEFBDA12" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ovipositor typical of ischyropsalidoids, short, unsegmented, without special apical sensilla, distally divided into two setose lobes. Penis relatively long, straight, distally tapered, muscles extending two-thirds or more length of shaft; glans distinct, swollen, sclerotized, evidently not movable, tapering into short aculeus, without macrosetae, set with small, short setae around base of aculeus, sometimes with short rows of lateral setae subtending glans.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD3FFDED6BAFEBFFB41DA82" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED6BAFEBFFE37DA37" bold="true" box="[199,407,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Included species:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED7DCFEBEFCA4DA36" authority="Simon, 1879" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" box="[417,772,332,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="packardi" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED7DCFEBEFDC7DA37" box="[417,615,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Taracus packardi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD3FFDED40FFEBFFCA4DA36" author="Simon" box="[626,772,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Simon, E. (1879) Descriptions d'Opiliones nouveaux. Annales Societe Entomologique Belgique, 22, LXX - LXXV." type="journal volume" year="1879">Simon, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED555FEBEFAADDA36" authority="Goodnight & Goodnight 1943" authorityName="Goodnight & Goodnight" authorityYear="1943" box="[808,1293,332,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED555FEBEFC03DA36" box="[808,931,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T. nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD3FFDED5D0FEBFFAADDA36" author="Goodnight" box="[941,1293,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Goodnight, C. L. & Goodnight, M. L. (1943) New and little known phalangids from the United States. American Midland Naturalist, 29, 643 - 656. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2421154" type="journal article" year="1943">Goodnight & Goodnight 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED359FEBEFEBFDADA" authority="Banks 1894" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1894" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED359FEBEFA3CDA37" box="[1316,1436,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T. pallipes</emphasis>
|
||
Banks 1894
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED751FE82FDEBDADA" authority="Roewer 1929" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1929" box="[300,587,367,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED751FE82FE09DADA" box="[300,425,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T. silvestrii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD3FFDED7CFFE83FDEBDADA" author="Roewer" box="[434,587,368,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Roewer, C. - F. (1929) Zwei nordamerikanische Hohlen-Opilioniden. Bolletino del Laboratorio de Zoologia generale ed agraria del Istituto superiore agrario di Portici, 23, 10 - 12." type="journal article" year="1929">Roewer 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED425FE82FB90DADA" authority="Goodnight & Goodnight 1942" authorityName="Goodnight & Goodnight" authorityYear="1942" box="[600,1072,367,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertschi" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED425FE82FD6FDADA" box="[600,719,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T. gertschi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD3FFDED4AAFE9CFB90DADA" author="Goodnight" box="[727,1072,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Goodnight, C. L. & Goodnight, M. L. (1942) New American Phalangida. American Museum Novitates, 1161, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1942">Goodnight & Goodnight 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the following new species:
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED6EAFE67FB9CDAFF" bold="true" box="[151,1084,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED6EAFE67FEAFDAFF" box="[151,271,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carmanah" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">carmanah</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED762FE67FE1DDAFF" box="[287,445,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED7B2FE67FDEADAFF" box="[463,586,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">fluvipileus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED427FE67FD06DAFF" box="[602,678,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taylori" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">taylori</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED4CAFE67FC85DAFF" box="[695,805,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spesavius" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">spesavius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED54BFE67FC1DDAFF" box="[822,957,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timpanogos" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">timpanogos</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED5B3FE67FB9CDAFF" box="[974,1084,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="audisioae" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">audisioae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED206FE67FB6CDAFE" box="[1147,1228,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED206FE67FB63DAFF" box="[1147,1219,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ubicki" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED206FE67FB63DAFF" bold="true" box="[1147,1219,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ubicki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED2AAFE66FEBCDA82" authority="Banks 1894" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1894" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED2AAFE66FA3CDAFE" box="[1239,1436,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Taracus spinosus</emphasis>
|
||
Banks 1894
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED73EFE4AFCAEDA82" authority="Goodnight & Goodnight 1945" authorityName="Goodnight & Goodnight" authorityYear="1945" box="[323,782,439,464]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malkini" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED73EFE4AFE12DA82" box="[323,434,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T. malkini</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD3FFDED7C4FE44FCAEDA82" author="Goodnight" box="[441,782,439,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Goodnight, C. L. & Goodnight, M. L. (1945) Phalangida from the United States. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 53, 239 - 245." type="journal article" year="1945">Goodnight & Goodnight 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is transferred to the new genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED207FE44FB41DA82" box="[1146,1249,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED207FE44FB7DDA82" box="[1146,1245,439,464]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Oskoron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Oskoron</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFD3FFDED6BAFE2FFE04D99F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD3FFDED6BAFE2FFE04D99F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED6BAFE2FFEC0DAA1" bold="true" box="[199,352,476,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Rocky Mountains of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED41BFE2FFD71DAA7" box="[614,721,476,501]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
, southernmost
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED5F9FE2FFC52DAA7" box="[900,1010,476,501]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
|
||
and northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED2E1FE2EFA95DAA7" box="[1180,1333,476,501]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F323659DFFD3FFDED2A1FE2FFA95DAA7" box="[1244,1333,476,501]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED2A1FE2FFA95DAA7" box="[1244,1333,476,501]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
; isolated populations in caves in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED7D5FE0CFE7FD94A" box="[424,479,511,536]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Utah</collectingRegion>
|
||
and eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED40EFE0CFD6CD94A" box="[627,716,511,536]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Nevada</collectingRegion>
|
||
; southeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED512FE0CFB93D94A" box="[879,1075,511,536]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and adjacent
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED2A9FE0CFA8BD94A" box="[1236,1323,511,536]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Alberta</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED344FDF3FA3DD945" box="[1337,1437,512,535]" country="United States of America" name="Montana" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Montana</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED6BAFDD7FEAAD96F" box="[199,266,548,573]" country="United States of America" name="Idaho" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Idaho</collectingRegion>
|
||
; Vancouver
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F323659DFFD3FFDED7EBFDD7FE7AD96F" box="[406,474,548,573]" name="Iceland" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
and southwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED4D3FDD7FCD0D96F" box="[686,880,548,573]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
south to northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED23CFDD7FB13D96F" box="[1089,1203,548,573]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED37FFDD7FAE2D96E" box="[1282,1346,548,572]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coast</collectingRegion>
|
||
Ranges and Cascade Mountains; San Francisco Bay area, Sierra
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED547FDB4FC30D932" box="[826,912,583,608]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Nevada</collectingRegion>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED5C2FDB4FB94D932" box="[959,1076,583,608]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
; lava tubes in central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED33DFDBBFA38D932" box="[1344,1432,584,608]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Oregon</collectingRegion>
|
||
; Vladivostok region of Siberia. In a preliminary work
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD3FFDED571FD9FFC01D9D7" author="Shear" box="[780,929,620,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Shear, W. A. (1986) A cladistic analysis of the opilionid superfamily Ischyropsalidiodea, with the description of the new family Ceratolasmatidae, the new genus Acuclavella and four new species. American Museum Novitates, 2844, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1986">Shear (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also mentioned and mapped a record from northeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFD3FFDED757FD7CFE28D9FA" box="[298,392,655,680]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
; while such an occurrence is still plausible, we were not able to verify this from specimens examined for this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFD3FFDED6BAFD24FEB0D80F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFD3FFDED6BAFD24FEB0D80F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED6BAFD24FEEED9A2" bold="true" box="[199,334,727,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED725FD2BFE0FD9BD" box="[344,431,728,751]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">Taracus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(or Taharqa, reigned 690-664 bce) was an Egyptian king, a successor to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED36CFD24FAD0D9A2" box="[1297,1392,727,752]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Sabacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sabacon</taxonomicName>
|
||
(or Shabako, reigned 713-698 bce). Christian mythology also recognizes a St. Tharacus, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFD3FFDED2F0FD0FFA89D846" author="Simon" box="[1165,1321,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Simon, E. (1879) Descriptions d'Opiliones nouveaux. Annales Societe Entomologique Belgique, 22, LXX - LXXV." type="journal volume" year="1879">Simon (1879)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based the name on the Egyptian king, presumably to emphasize a perceived relationship to
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFD3FFDED24CFCECFB39D86A" box="[1073,1177,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFD3FFDED24CFCECFB35D86A" box="[1073,1173,799,824]" class="Arachnida" family="Sabaconidae" genus="Sabacon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sabacon</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Gender of the name is masculine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |