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<document id="F68E3CB6EFEB829DF9406FAF4E69831D" ID-CLB-Dataset="8640" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4909.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fa031765-b474-48aa-9d7e-b62dd092cfa4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4448697" ID-ZooBank="92ECCF97-7315-4A1A-A94A-537D0F331EBF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1611041096358" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Skartveit, John &amp; Wedmann, Sonja" docDate="2021" docId="035E87B2FFA2FF8DFF023308FE6FD69F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4909.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4909 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Plecia collossea" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FF67FFCAFFB0FF9EFF953571FFBBD142" masterDocTitle="A Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Oligocene of Germany" masterLastPageNumber="77" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698924763774" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1BF05D5DB209C0C0FB41B2656089ABA0">A Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Oligocene of Germany</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="46406CC5A46C01C0ECE68C01F939CFCE">Skartveit, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0508EBAF759A99A43E2FFFDE7F5A2CF5">Wedmann, Sonja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F1D32DC0A4C576BD8D13C0BD77EFCDC8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="69D195A16FAD1E2E6235B06478AD1BC2">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="035E87B2FFA2FF8DFF023308FE6FD69F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464951" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177132531" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4464951" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:035E87B2FFA2FF8DFF023308FE6FD69F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/035E87B2FFA2FF8DFF023308FE6FD69F" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA2FF8CFF023308FBEDD7D1" box="[151,1110,1657,1684]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA2FF8CFF023308FBEDD7D1" blockId="18.[151,1110,1657,1684]" box="[151,1110,1657,1684]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<heading id="D00081C8FFA2FF8CFF023308FBEDD7D1" bold="true" box="[151,1110,1657,1684]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF023308FBEDD7D1" bold="true" box="[151,1110,1657,1684]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA2FF8CFF023308FD19D7D1" ID-CoL="8GN3B" authority="(Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[151,674,1657,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collossea">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF023308FEEDD7D6" bold="true" box="[151,342,1657,1684]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Plecia collossea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA2FF8CFEFD3308FD21D7D1" author="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von" box="[360,666,1657,1683]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="19 - 30" refId="ref50399" refString="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von (1865) Bibioniden aus der rheinischen Braunkohle von Rott. Palaeontographica, 14, 19 - 30." type="journal article" year="1865">Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(figs. 17–19, 103–107) Stat. Reinst.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA2FF8DFF0233CFFEEAD1F3" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA2FF8CFF0233CFFD2CD794" blockId="18.[151,750,1726,1967]" box="[151,663,1726,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA2FF8CFF0233CFFD2CD794" box="[151,663,1726,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA2FF8CFF0233CFFD28D794" author="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von" box="[151,659,1726,1750]" page="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1865">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA2FF8CFF0233CFFD28D794" ID-CoL="8DHKR" authority="Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865: 21" authorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,659,1726,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Protomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collossea">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF0233CFFEDDD794" box="[151,358,1726,1750]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Protomyia collossea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA2FF8CFEF933CFFD28D794" author="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von" box="[364,659,1726,1750]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="19 - 30" refId="ref50399" refString="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von (1865) Bibioniden aus der rheinischen Braunkohle von Rott. Palaeontographica, 14, 19 - 30." type="journal article" year="1865">Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865: 21</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA2FF8CFF0233ADFDC6D7B6" blockId="18.[151,750,1726,1967]" box="[151,637,1756,1781]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA2FF8CFF0233ADFDC6D7B6" box="[151,637,1756,1781]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA2FF8CFF0233ADFD8FD7B7" author="Meunier, F." box="[151,564,1756,1781]" page="208" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1915">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA2FF8CFF0233ADFD8FD7B7" ID-CoL="8Z9B7" authority="Meunier, 1915: 207 - 208" authorityName="Meunier" authorityPageNumber="207 - 208" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,564,1756,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="superba">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF0233ADFE8BD7B6" box="[151,304,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Plecia superba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA2FF8CFEA333ADFD8FD7B7" author="Meunier, F." box="[310,564,1756,1781]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="205 - 217" refId="ref50995" refString="Meunier, F. (1915) Uber einige fossile Insekten aus den Braunkohlenschichten (Aquitanien) von Rott (Siebengebirge). Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, A, 67, 205 - 217." type="journal article" year="1915">Meunier, 1915: 207–208</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Syn.n.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA2FF8CFF02338AFDD0D651" blockId="18.[151,750,1726,1967]" box="[151,619,1787,1811]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA2FF8CFF02338AFDD0D651" box="[151,619,1787,1811]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA2FF8CFF02338AFDD0D651" author="Statz, G." box="[151,619,1787,1811]" page=")" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1943">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA2FF8CFF02338AFDD0D651" ID-CoL="8DHKG" authority="(Heyden) sensu Statz (1943: 12)" authorityName="sensu Statz" authorityPageNumber="12" authorityYear="1943" baseAuthorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[151,619,1787,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abava">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF02338AFEA7D651" box="[151,284,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Plecia abava</emphasis>
(Heyden)
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFE1D338DFE7BD651" box="[392,448,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA2FF8CFE52338AFDD0D651" author="Statz, G." box="[455,619,1787,1811]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz (1943: 12)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA2FF8CFF02326BFD65D670" blockId="18.[151,750,1726,1967]" box="[151,734,1818,1842]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA2FF8CFF02326BFD65D670" box="[151,734,1818,1842]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA2FF8CFF02326BFD65D670" author="Statz, G." box="[151,734,1818,1842]" page=")" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1943">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA2FF8CFF02326BFD65D670" ID-CoL="8DFJ2" authority="Heyden &amp; Heyden sensu Statz (1943: 11)" authorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden sensu Statz" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,734,1818,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhenana">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF02326BFE89D670" box="[151,306,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Plecia rhenana</emphasis>
Heyden &amp; Heyden
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFE68326AFD8ED670" box="[509,565,1819,1842]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA2FF8CFDAE326BFD65D670" author="Statz, G." box="[571,734,1818,1842]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz (1943: 11)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA2FF8CFF023249FD55D613" blockId="18.[151,750,1726,1967]" box="[151,750,1848,1873]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA2FF8CFF023249FD55D613" box="[151,750,1848,1873]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA2FF8CFF023249FD1DD612" ID-CoL="6W2VY" authority="Statz, 1943: 13" authorityName="Statz" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,678,1848,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperialis">
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA2FF8CFF023249FE5DD613" author="Statz, G." box="[151,486,1848,1873]" page="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1943">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF023249FEFED612" box="[151,325,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Plecia imperialis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA2FF8CFEDE3248FE5DD613" author="Statz, G." box="[331,486,1849,1873]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz, 1943: 13</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, nec Schiner, 1868
</taxonomicName>
Syn.n.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA2FF8CFF023226FDFED62D" blockId="18.[151,750,1726,1967]" box="[151,581,1879,1903]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA2FF8CFF023226FDFED62D" box="[151,581,1879,1903]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA2FF8CFF023226FE4FD62D" author="Statz, G." box="[151,500,1879,1903]" page="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1943">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA2FF8CFF023226FE4FD62D" ID-CoL="8DFHG" authority="Statz, 1943: 10 - 11" authorityName="Statz" authorityPageNumber="10 - 11" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,500,1879,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philippi">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF023226FE96D62D" box="[151,301,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Plecia philippi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA2FF8CFEA63226FE4FD62D" author="Statz, G." box="[307,500,1879,1903]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz, 1943: 10–11</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Syn. n.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA2FF8CFF023207FE6BD6CC" blockId="18.[151,750,1726,1967]" box="[151,464,1910,1936]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA2FF8CFF023207FE6BD6CC" box="[151,464,1910,1936]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA2FF8CFF023207FF63D6CC" ID-CoL="9CJT2" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,216,1910,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF023207FF63D6CC" box="[151,216,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Plecia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
♂ Nr. 1
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA2FF8CFEA43207FE77D6CC" author="Statz, G." box="[305,460,1910,1934]" page="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1943">
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA2FF8CFEA43207FE77D6CC" author="Statz, G." box="[305,460,1910,1934]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz, 1943: 29</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA2FF8CFF0232E5FE4BD6EF" blockId="18.[151,750,1726,1967]" box="[151,496,1940,1967]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA2FF8CFF0232E5FE4BD6EF" box="[151,496,1940,1967]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA2FF8CFF0232E5FF63D6EE" ID-CoL="9CJT2" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,216,1940,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA2FF8CFF0232E5FF63D6EE" box="[151,216,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Plecia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
♂ Nr. 2
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA2FF8CFEA432E4FE57D6EF" author="Statz, G." box="[305,492,1941,1965]" page="29" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1943">
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA2FF8CFEA432E4FE57D6EF" author="Statz, G." box="[305,492,1941,1965]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz 1943: 29–30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF0235E7FEEAD1F3" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[151,337,150,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFF0235E7FEB1D1F2" bold="true" box="[151,266,150,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Localities</emphasis>
: Rott.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA3FF8DFF5235CBFCB8D37F" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF5235CBFE28D05F" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFF5235CBFE11D196" bold="true" box="[199,426,186,212]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Material examined</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="544C8806FFA3FF8DFE2F35CAFDADD197" box="[442,534,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
(female) of
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA3FF8DFD3135CAFCE0D197" authority="NHMUK In" authorityName="NHMUK In" box="[676,859,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collossea">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFD3135CAFCE0D197" box="[676,859,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Plecia collossea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
NHMUK In 58789 (fig. 17).
<typeStatus id="544C8806FFA3FF8DFB3B35CAFAADD197" box="[1198,1302,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(female) of
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA3FF8DFF0235AEFE7FD1BB" authority="LACMIP" authorityName="LACMIP" box="[151,452,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperialis">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFF0235AEFEEDD1BB" box="[151,342,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Plecia imperialis</emphasis>
LACMIP
</taxonomicName>
2533.275/ LACMIP Type 3407.
<typeStatus id="544C8806FFA3FF8DFCBB35AEFC2DD1BB" box="[814,918,223,249]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(female) of
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA3FF8DFB8935AEFB7BD1BB" authority="LACMIP" authorityName="LACMIP" box="[1052,1216,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philippi">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFB8935AEFB7BD1BB" box="[1052,1216,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Plecia philippi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
LACMIP 2533.283 / LACMIP Type 3415.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF523456FF65D0EC" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Additional material: LACMIP 2533.257 LACMIP
<typeStatus id="544C8806FFA3FF8DFD6D3456FC8BD003" box="[760,816,295,321]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
3387 (male, =
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFC413456FBF4D003" box="[980,1103,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA3FF8DFC413456FBA7D003" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1828" box="[980,1052,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Plecia</taxonomicName>
sp.1
</emphasis>
Statz), LACMIP 2533.286ab/ LACMIP
<typeStatus id="544C8806FFA3FF8DFE92343AFE84D027" box="[263,319,331,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
3418 (female), LACMIP 2533.258/LACMIP
<typeStatus id="544C8806FFA3FF8DFCD1343AFCC7D027" box="[836,892,331,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
3388 (male, specimen illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA3FF8DFA88343AFA23D027" author="Statz, G." box="[1309,1432,331,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz 1943</bibRefCitation>
: Figs. 10 and 70), LACMIP 2533.1278ab (female), LACMIP 2533.1239, Siegburg Rott-787 (wings, presumably male).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF5234C6FCB8D37F" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA3FF8DFF5234C6FDA3D093" authority="Meunier, 1915" authorityName="Meunier" authorityYear="1915" box="[199,536,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="superba">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFF5234C6FED4D093" box="[199,367,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Plecia superba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA3FF8DFEE034C6FDA3D093" author="Meunier, F." box="[373,536,438,465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="205 - 217" refId="ref50995" refString="Meunier, F. (1915) Uber einige fossile Insekten aus den Braunkohlenschichten (Aquitanien) von Rott (Siebengebirge). Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, A, 67, 205 - 217." type="journal article" year="1915">Meunier, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was described based on a single wing. We did not find the specimen in the Stadtmuseum Siegburg collection, however the original description of the species included a good photo of the specimen (
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA3FF8DFF0A348EFEF9D35B" author="Meunier, F." box="[159,322,510,537]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="205 - 217" refId="ref50995" refString="Meunier, F. (1915) Uber einige fossile Insekten aus den Braunkohlenschichten (Aquitanien) von Rott (Siebengebirge). Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, A, 67, 205 - 217." type="journal article" year="1915">Meunier 1915</bibRefCitation>
, Pl. XXI, Fig. 2) which helped clarify the status of the species.
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA3FF8DFB9B348EFB0DD358" author="Statz, G." box="[1038,1206,511,538]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz (1943: 6)</bibRefCitation>
corrected the length of the wing from 17 to
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFE0E3752FDBAD37F" box="[411,513,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.38" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="13.8">13.8 mm</quantity>
, this measure we used.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA3FF8DFF523737FBC1D633" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF523737FEE1D323" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,346,582,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFF523737FEEAD322" bold="true" box="[199,337,582,608]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description</emphasis>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF52371AFDF7D3C7" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,588,618,645]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Female (N=11, figs. 17, 104–105):</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF5237FEFDF1D3E8" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,586,655,682]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Total length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFEC137FEFE4CD3EB" box="[340,503,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.555" metricValueMax="1.78" metricValueMin="1.33" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="15.55" valueMax="17.8" valueMin="13.3">13.3–17.8 mm</quantity>
(N=6).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF5237C2FDD2D257" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Head: Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFEFB37C2FE43D38F" box="[366,504,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.7 mm</quantity>
(N=5), width
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFD3437C2FC90D38F" box="[673,811,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.7 mm</quantity>
(N=4). Black. No details visible in
<typeStatus id="544C8806FFA3FF8DFB4437C2FABED38F" box="[1233,1285,691,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
. In LACMIP 2533.1278 antenna rather short, cylindrical, flagellum 7- or 8-segmented,
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFC7837A6FBEFD3B3" box="[1005,1108,727,753]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.399999999999999" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.94">0.94 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFB3537A6FABCD3B3" box="[1184,1287,727,753]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.21">0.21 mm</quantity>
wide (N=1). Complex eye rather large, not protruding.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF52366EFB58D27B" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,1251,798,825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Thorax: Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFEE8366EFDBFD27B" box="[381,516,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="4.1" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="3.4">3.4–4.8 mm</quantity>
(N=5), width 3.0–
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFD43366EFC90D27B" box="[726,811,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
(N=3). Black. Haltere brownish-black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF523632FD8ED2E7" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Legs: tibiae pale brownish with black tip, tibiae pale brownish basally, dark in apical third, slender. Hind tibia with small, sharp, curved spur. Tarsi black, slender. Length of fore tibia 3.0–
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFC7D3616FB87D2C3" box="[1000,1084,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
(N=3), hind femur 4.0–
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFADD3616FA26D2C3" box="[1352,1437,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
(N=2), hind tibia 4.0–
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFE1836FBFE59D2E7" box="[397,482,906,933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
(N=4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF5236DEFB28D51B" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Wing (fig. 105): Length 12.0–
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFD8036DEFDCCD28B" box="[533,631,943,969]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="14.6">14.6 mm</quantity>
(N=12), width
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFCB436DFFC1DD28B" box="[801,934,942,969]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="4.8" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.1">4.1–5.5 mm</quantity>
(N=11), length/width = 2.5–2.9 (N=11), dark brownish-black fumose, costal cell darkened. Humeral vein present, oblique. Pterostigma brown and indistinctive to quite invisible. Costal cell rather wide. Subcosta straight, fine.
<collectingRegion id="4933F846FFA3FF8DFCE53686FC0BD553" box="[880,944,1015,1041]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Costa</collectingRegion>
extends some distance beyond apex of R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFAE93178FA2DD555" attach="left" box="[1404,1430,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4+5</subScript>
. R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFF3F315CFF78D579" attach="left" box="[170,195,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2+3</subScript>
medium-length, oblique, gently and evenly curved. R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFCB1315CFC85D579" attach="left" box="[804,830,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4+5</subScript>
rather straight. R-M vertical. M-veins apically almost straight. CuA-veins strong, apically curved basad. Vein measurements are given in
<tableCitation id="C675031FFFA3FF8DFBAF314EFB34D51B" box="[1082,1167,1087,1113]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="21.[151,239,588,614]" captionText="TABLE 4. Wing vein measurements, genus Plecia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 4</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF523112FDD5D5E3" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Abdomen: Blackish-brown, rather stout, apically rounded. With abundant, fine, dark pile (LACMIP 2533.1278). Cerci do not protrude from abdominal tip.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF5231DAFDEAD587" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,593,1194,1221]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Male (N=4, figs. 18–19, 105–107):</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF5231BEFDF9D5AB" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,578,1230,1257]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Total length 14.0–
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFE0031BFFE4CD5AB" box="[405,503,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
(N=2)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF523182FE0ED417" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Head (fig. 106): Length 1.8–2.0 mm, width 1.9–2.0 mm (N=2). Oval, blackish-brown. Complex eye dichoptic, moderately large, not at all protruding, a little more than half length of head. Antenna robust, flagellum 8-segmented. Palpus brown, robust.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF52302EFA85D43B" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,1342,1375,1401]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Thorax: Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFEE8302EFDBFD43B" box="[381,516,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.9">3.9–4.1 mm</quantity>
(N=3), width
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFD31302EFC90D43B" box="[676,811,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="2.9">2.9–3.4 mm</quantity>
(N=2). Blackish-brown, haltere pale brownish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF5230F2FF72D74B" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Legs: Femora moderately thickened, tibiae and tarsi slender. All femora pale yellowish with brown tips. Fore tibia pale yellowish, distal third brown. Mid tibia pale yellowish, distal fourth brown. Hind tibia pale yellowish with dark brown tip. All tarsi brownish, first hind tarsomere basally pale. The legs are covered with fine, short, brown pile.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF523362FB22D66B" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Wing (fig. 107): Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFE773363FD3DD76F" box="[482,646,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="12.1" valueMax="12.5" valueMin="11.7">11.7–12.5 mm</quantity>
(N=4), width 4.0 mm (N=3), length/width = 2.9–3.1 (N=3). Hyaline or slightly brownish fumose, costal cell heavily darkened but with a clear stripe between Subcosta and R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFAA63338FA84D715" attach="left" box="[1331,1343,1609,1623]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1,</subScript>
the area distal to R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFE98331CFE9DD739" attach="left" box="[269,294,1645,1659]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2+3</subScript>
is also lighter
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFE57331CFE7DD739" attach="left" box="[450,454,1645,1659]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">.</subScript>
Pterostigma oval, dark brown, indistinctive due to the wing’s general dark colour. Humeral vein present and relatively strong, oblique. Subcosta straight, basally very strong but tapering distally, running well clear of R.
<collectingRegion id="4933F846FFA3FF8DFEC733D2FE29D7FF" box="[338,402,1699,1725]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Costa</collectingRegion>
extends to 0.4 times distance between apices of R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFC4133C4FC55D781" attach="left" box="[980,1006,1717,1731]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4+5</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFBD533C4FBF6D781" attach="left" box="[1088,1101,1717,1731]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1.</subScript>
R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFBFD33C4FB3AD781" attach="left" box="[1128,1153,1717,1731]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2+3</subScript>
medium-length, oblique, evenly curved. R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFEC333A8FECBD7A5" attach="left" box="[342,368,1753,1767]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4+5</subScript>
apically moderately curved. R-M vertical. Fork of M asymmetrical, M
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFB1E33A8FB28D7A5" attach="left" box="[1163,1171,1753,1767]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2</subScript>
is almost straight while M
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFF25338CFF03D649" attach="left" box="[176,184,1789,1803]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</subScript>
is distinctly curved. CuA
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFE43338CFE65D649" attach="left" box="[470,478,1789,1803]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</subScript>
almost straight, CuA
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFD45338CFD63D649" attach="left" box="[720,728,1789,1803]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2</subScript>
distally curved basad. A pseudovein runs parallel to CuA. CuP straight, fine. A
<subScript id="177334E1FFA3FF8DFED03250FEF6D66D" attach="left" box="[325,333,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</subScript>
distinctive on wing stem, straight. Vein measurements are given in
<tableCitation id="C675031FFFA3FF8DFBD5327EFB2DD66B" box="[1088,1174,1807,1833]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="21.[151,239,588,614]" captionText="TABLE 4. Wing vein measurements, genus Plecia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 4</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF523242FBC1D633" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Abdomen: Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFE083242FD8FD60F" box="[413,564,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.065" metricValueMax="1.21" metricValueMin="0.9199999999999999" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="10.649999999999999" valueMax="12.1" valueMin="9.2">9.2–12.1 mm</quantity>
(N=2), width
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA3FF8DFD4D3242FCDBD60F" box="[728,864,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5999999999999996" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.5999999999999996" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.9 mm</quantity>
(N=3). Black, rather long and narrow, cylindrical, densely clad with short, dark pile. Abdominal tip rounded, terminalia not well preserved.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA3FF8DFF52320BFE6FD69F" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA3FF8DFF52320BFE6FD69F" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFF52320BFEFED6D6" bold="true" box="[199,325,1914,1940]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Discussion</emphasis>
: The species was synonymised with
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA3FF8DFD6D320AFB92D6D7" authority="(Heer, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[760,1065,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFD6D320AFC36D6D6" box="[760,909,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Plecia morio</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA3FF8DFC0A320AFB9AD6D7" author="Heer, O." box="[927,1057,1915,1941]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref50180" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Theil: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, IV + 139 pp., XV Taf. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2469" type="book" year="1849">Heer, 1849</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA3FF8DFBCF320AFADCD6D7" author="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A." box="[1114,1383,1915,1941]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref51464" refString="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A. (2017) Revision of Bibionidae (Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits. Zootaxa, 4225 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4225.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Skartveit &amp; Nel (2017)</bibRefCitation>
but, having examined additional material we no longer believe these names are synonymous, hence
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA3FF8DFB5E32EEFA39D6FB" box="[1227,1410,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collossea">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA3FF8DFB5E32EEFA39D6FB" box="[1227,1410,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Plecia collossea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reinstated as a valid species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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