391 lines
51 KiB
XML
391 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="F2F4009EC50E1658BBB264E7E285AE36" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4012.1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="27ca32ba-91ea-49e7-a561-29723a7dd3c2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="234683" ID-ZooBank="8D1CBEC7-FAC0-4CEF-BB26-D6C76CCDD166" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461228368828" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sun, Ting, Zhang, Lv, Wang, An-Tai & Zhang, Yu" docDate="2015" docId="8719CD14FFEEFFBEFF4DF8F5FD70F83B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04012p134.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4012 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="125" masterDocId="7B20B56CFFEFFFBBFFDAFF87FFFCFFA0" masterDocTitle="Three new species of freshwater Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes, Macrostomida) from southern China" masterLastPageNumber="134" masterPageNumber="120" pageNumber="121" updateTime="1698604978303" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F13D520EEFA35D64B32CD77783A210F2">
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<mods:title id="0488A4F9B0141D906183D585168DA4D1">Three new species of freshwater Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes, Macrostomida) from southern China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DF9A46930BB0E5B8E1A4C6CA8E5CA506" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9FE9921463FF9EAFE738EFE133ACC028">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2506FD2EFD186EF8D8F99DD6A78D8BE9">Sun, Ting</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="649ADEEB9C3493F27F7B349C26396B69">Zhang, Lv</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B17EAA84FBA5902685941F50506A2430">Wang, An-Tai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E4B9B56ACC110954F05045051BDE094D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6CB2A168DAFF552D384777A3A6AD2AFA">Zhang, Yu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6D28FB043B5F2747CCD32C86E61E462F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8D18E023A0C06809118E5EB5EB218473">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DFEA12A5F4AE4309D983EC2477429CB4">4012</mods:number>
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<treatment id="8719CD14FFEEFFBEFF4DF8F5FD70F83B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121558" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119632887" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6121558" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8719CD14FFEEFFBEFF4DF8F5FD70F83B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8719CD14FFEEFFBEFF4DF8F5FD70F83B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
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<subSubSection id="47AA2F89FFEEFFBAFF4DF8F5FEEEF80E" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEEFFBAFF4DF8F5FD21F82D" blockId="1.[151,733,1906,1966]" box="[151,733,1906,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
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<heading id="5447CB6EFFEEFFBAFF4DF8F5FD21F82D" bold="true" box="[151,733,1906,1933]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEEFFBAFF4DF8F5FD21F82D" bold="true" box="[151,733,1906,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
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<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEEFFBAFF4DF8F5FD70F82D" ID-CoL="8YXTN" authority="Wang & Sun" authorityName="Wang & Sun" box="[151,652,1906,1933]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEEFFBAFF4DF8F5FE18F82C" bold="true" box="[151,484,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Macrostomum heyuanensis</emphasis>
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Wang & Sun
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEEFFBAFD41F8F4FD21F82D" box="[667,733,1907,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEEFFBAFF4DF812FEEEF80E" blockId="1.[151,733,1906,1966]" box="[151,274,1941,1966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
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(
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<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEEFFBAFF45F812FEF5F80E" box="[159,265,1941,1966]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1485,1507]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1726,1748]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1409,1431]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionStartId-4="6.[151,250,1133,1155]" captionStartId-5="7.[151,250,1132,1154]" captionTargetBox-0="[204,1359,585,1452]" captionTargetBox-1="[272,1314,193,1703]" captionTargetBox-2="[380,1206,481,1387]" captionTargetBox-3="[160,1419,454,1504]" captionTargetBox-4="[162,1425,201,1100]" captionTargetBox-5="[164,1423,207,1099]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[174,1494,585,1467]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[272,1315,193,1705]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[380,1208,481,1388]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[151,1436,445,1516]" captionTargetId-4="figure@6.[150,1436,193,1111]" captionTargetId-5="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1111]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionTargetPageId-5="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. The locations of three new species of Macrostomum in China" captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp.: (A – F) photographed in life; (G and H) penis stylet; (I) sperm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Macrostomum heyuanensis et al., n. sp.: (A) horizontal whole body section; (B – D) longitudinal whole body section." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp., ventral view: (A) body in whole; (B) profile of the tail; (C) copulatory apparatus; (D) penis stylet; (E) sperm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. The phylogenetic tree of 18 s rDNA generated with Maximum Likelihood method. (bootstrap = 1000, Tamura-nei type)" captionText-5="FIGURE 6. The phylogenetic tree of 18 S rDNA gene generated with Neighbor-Joining method. (bootstrap = 1000, Kimura 2 - parameter type)" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/234684/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/234685/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/234686/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/234687/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/234688/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/234689/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Figs. 1–6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="47AA2F89FFEEFFB9FF4DF85AFC68FDB8" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEEFFB9FF4DF85AFC68FDB8" blockId="1.[151,1436,2013,2038]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,536]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEEFFBAFF4DF85AFE7EF856" bold="true" box="[151,386,2013,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="D00BC2A0FFEEFFBAFE51F85AFE0FF856" box="[395,499,2013,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(PLA-Ma0001): permanent slides of longitudinal section.
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<typeStatus id="D00BC2A0FFEEFFBAFB4BF859FB0FF856" box="[1169,1267,2014,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="121" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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(PLA-Ma002- 3): permanent slides of longitudinal and horizontal sections.
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<typeStatus id="D00BC2A0FFEDFFB9FCE0FF1FFC60FF10" box="[826,924,152,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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(PLA-Ma004-12): batches of animals in 10% formaldehyde.
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<typeStatus id="D00BC2A0FFEDFFB9FE9BFF3AFE5FFF75" box="[321,419,189,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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(PLA-Ma0013-20): batches of animals in ethanol. All specimens are deposited in
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<collectionCode id="69A1E4C7FFEDFFB9FA9EFF3BFA65FF74" box="[1348,1433,188,212]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">IZCAS</collectionCode>
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. This new species was collected from a country brook in Dongyuan County, Heyuan City, Guangdong Province,
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<collectingCountry id="77A73C92FFEDFFB9FF4DFE83FF26FEBD" box="[151,218,260,285]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">China</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="6A841AC5FFEDFFB9FF30FE83FE68FEBD" box="[234,404,260,285]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" precision="1" value="23.977488">23°58'38.95"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="6A841AC5FFEDFFB9FE7BFE83FDB1FEBD" box="[417,589,260,285]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" precision="1" value="115.04549">115° 2'43.75"E</geoCoordinate>
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) in
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<date id="7B0E5AC2FFEDFFB9FDA6FE83FCD8FEBC" box="[636,804,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" value="2014-02">February 2014</date>
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, at the water depth of about
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<quantity id="C848D1E7FFEDFFB9FBB0FE83FB48FEBC" box="[1130,1204,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
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. Habitat landform is mountainous basin. The ambient water is limpid and the river bed is sandy. There are aquatic plants, shrimp, snails, zooplankton and other aquatic invertebrates in the water. Farmlands are surrounded by mountains. There are no factories distributed in the upstream. Specimens were collected in March, April and July of 2014, respectively. The number of
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<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEDFFB9FECCFE12FE4BFE0C" box="[278,439,405,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEDFFB9FECCFE12FE4BFE0C" box="[278,439,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Macrostomum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens decreased radically during the sampling period in the sampling site, mainly due to the interference of agricultural activities at that time. Rhabdocoela, Tricladida, Prolecithophora and other Turbellarians were also found from the water samples. The country brook flows into Heyuan river section, Dongjiang. However, no turbellarian was found in this river section.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="5BCF2C8AFFEDFFB9FF4DFA4AFC7AFA43" box="[151,902,1485,1508]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234684/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" targetBox="[204,1359,585,1452]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEDFFB9FF4DFA4AFC7AFA43" blockId="2.[151,902,1485,1508]" box="[151,902,1485,1508]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEDFFB9FF4DFA4AFEEFFA43" bold="true" box="[151,275,1485,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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The locations of three new species of
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<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEDFFB9FD42FA48FCD5FA44" box="[664,809,1487,1508]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEDFFB9FD42FA48FCD5FA44" box="[664,809,1487,1508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Macrostomum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in China
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="47AA2F89FFEDFFB9FF1DF9AEFF1EF9C6" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEDFFB9FF1DF9AEFF1EF9C6" blockId="2.[151,1437,1577,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEDFFB9FF1DF9AEFEB2F9E2" bold="true" box="[199,334,1577,1602]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The name of this new species is originated from the name of Heyuan City, Guangdong Province,
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<collectingCountry id="77A73C92FFEDFFB9FF4DF9CAFF22F9C6" box="[151,222,1613,1638]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">China</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="47AA2F89FFEDFFBFFF1DF9F6FA8FF8B1" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEDFFB9FF1DF9F6FC6CF89E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1577,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEDFFB9FF1DF9F6FEA5F92A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1649,1674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Description.</emphasis>
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The body is flat, transparent and milk-white in color. The length and width of its body is 1086 ± 272.5 µm (n = 3) and 240 ± 54.5 Μm (n = 3), respectively. Its head is slightly narrow and semi-elliptic (
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<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEDFFB9FAE7F912FA7CF90E" box="[1341,1408,1685,1710]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1409,1431]" captionTargetBox="[380,1206,481,1387]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[380,1208,481,1388]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Macrostomum heyuanensis et al., n. sp.: (A) horizontal whole body section; (B – D) longitudinal whole body section." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234686/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A,
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<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEDFFB9FF4DF93EFF2FF972" box="[151,211,1721,1746]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[160,1419,454,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,445,1516]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp., ventral view: (A) body in whole; (B) profile of the tail; (C) copulatory apparatus; (D) penis stylet; (E) sperm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234687/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Fig.4</figureCitation>
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A). The body surface has no pigments, but has dense cilia (c). The body edge has tufts of rigid cilia (rc). The dorsal part of its body is densely covered with rhabdites. There are a pair of granule-shaped eyes (e) at anterior 1/6 position of the body. The oblong-shaped pharynx (p) is located posterior to the eyes. Both sides of the pharynx (p) are interconnected with pharyngeal glands (pg) (
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<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEDFFB9FD6CF8A2FCFEF89E" box="[694,770,1829,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[272,1314,193,1703]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[272,1315,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp.: (A – F) photographed in life; (G and H) penis stylet; (I) sperm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234685/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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A–D & 3A).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEDFFBFFF1DF8CDFA86FE0C" blockId="2.[151,1437,1577,2034]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEDFFB9FF1DF8CDFE00F8C2" box="[199,508,1866,1890]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEDFFB9FF1DF8CDFE00F8C2" box="[199,508,1866,1890]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Macrostomum heyuanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEDFFB9FDDCF8CEFDB5F8C2" bold="true" box="[518,585,1865,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEDFFB9FDDCF8CEFDB5F8C2" box="[518,585,1865,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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is hermaphroditic. For male reproductive system, a pair of testes (t) are located at both sides of the anterior 1/3 position of intestine (in). These rod-like organs have smooth surface and are not lobulated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEDFFB9FEE7F816FE7FF80A" box="[317,387,1937,1962]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[272,1314,193,1703]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[272,1315,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp.: (A – F) photographed in life; (G and H) penis stylet; (I) sperm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234685/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E). When adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEDFFB9FDE3F815FD15F80A" box="[569,745,1938,1962]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="2" pageNumber="122" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEDFFB9FDE3F815FD15F80A" box="[569,745,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="122">M. heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is swimming or crawling, the false vesicula seminalis (fvs), vesicula seminalis (vs) and vesicula granulorum (vg) are arranged in a “U” shape. The spheroidshaped false vesicula seminalis (fvs) is located at the mid-ventral line at the posterior margin of female antrum (fa), and has a short ductus connecting vesicula seminalis (vs) at the right posterior side. Vesicula seminalis (vs) is spherical shaped and located at the right edge posterior 2/5 position of false vesicula seminalis (fvs). The anterior part of vesicula seminalis (vs) connects the vesicula granulorum (vg) via a short ductus. The vesicula granulorum (vg) is located at the right side of anterior 3/5 position of false vesicula seminalis (fvs); its anterior part connects the base of penis stylet (ps) and partially penetrates into the penis stylet (ps) tube (
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFECFFB8FC34F82DFBC8F863" box="[1006,1076,1962,1987]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[272,1314,193,1703]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[272,1315,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp.: (A – F) photographed in life; (G and H) penis stylet; (I) sperm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234685/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="123">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F). The penis stylet bends 108° leftwards at its middle part, and then bends backwards besides the distal opening. The distal opening is located terminally and points at the male gonopore (mg) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEBFFBFFD64FF10FCF5FF10" box="[702,777,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1409,1431]" captionTargetBox="[380,1206,481,1387]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[380,1208,481,1388]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Macrostomum heyuanensis et al., n. sp.: (A) horizontal whole body section; (B – D) longitudinal whole body section." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234686/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
G–H, 4A–C). The curved-line (marked as ‘a’) and straightline (marked as ‘b’) distances between the base and distal end of penis stylet (ps) are 103 ± 12 µm (n = 3,) and 86 ± 11 µm (n = 3) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEBFFBFFE95FF58FE6AFF58" box="[335,406,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[160,1419,454,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,445,1516]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp., ventral view: (A) body in whole; (B) profile of the tail; (C) copulatory apparatus; (D) penis stylet; (E) sperm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234687/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Diameter of the base of penis stylet (ps) is 14 ± 2.3 Μm (n = 3) and becomes thinner afterwards. The penis stylet (ps) is slightly swollen at its 1/4 posterior position. Diameter of distal opening of penis stylet (ps) is 3.2 ± 0.14 µm (n = 3). The wall is thicker at the distal part as compared with other parts of stylet (ps) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEBFFBFFF45FECBFF12FEC4" box="[159,238,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[272,1314,193,1703]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[272,1315,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp.: (A – F) photographed in life; (G and H) penis stylet; (I) sperm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
H;
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEBFFBFFEC8FECBFE9CFEC4" box="[274,352,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[160,1419,454,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,445,1516]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp., ventral view: (A) body in whole; (B) profile of the tail; (C) copulatory apparatus; (D) penis stylet; (E) sperm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234687/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D). A pair of ovaries (o) is located at both sides of intestine (in). Female antrum (fa) situates posterior to intestine (in) on the ventral side, and is surrounded by cement glands (cg) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEBFFBFFB5AFEE8FB3AFE28" box="[1152,1222,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[160,1419,454,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,445,1516]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp., ventral view: (A) body in whole; (B) profile of the tail; (C) copulatory apparatus; (D) penis stylet; (E) sperm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234687/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Female antrum (fa) usually contains sperm, but sometimes ovicells. Each sperm contains a head and a tail region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEBFFBFFB3CFE13FAC8FE0C" box="[1254,1332,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[272,1314,193,1703]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[272,1315,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macrostomum heyuanensis Wang & Sun, n. sp.: (A – F) photographed in life; (G and H) penis stylet; (I) sperm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234685/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
|
||
Figs.
|
||
<date id="7B0E5AC2FFEBFFBFFAFFFE13FAC8FE0C" box="[1317,1332,404,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">2</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I, 4E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5BCF2C8AFFECFFB8FF4DF939FA89F974" box="[151,1397,1726,1748]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234685/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="123" targetBox="[272,1314,193,1703]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFECFFB8FF4DF939FA89F974" blockId="3.[151,1397,1726,1748]" box="[151,1397,1726,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFECFFB8FF4DF939FEEEF973" bold="true" box="[151,274,1726,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="123">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFECFFB8FEC3F938FD48F974" authority="Wang & Sun" authorityName="Wang & Sun" box="[281,692,1726,1748]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="3" pageNumber="123" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFECFFB8FEC3F938FDD0F974" box="[281,556,1726,1748]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="123">Macrostomum heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wang & Sun
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFECFFB8FD1BF938FD07F974" box="[705,763,1727,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="123" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: (A–F) photographed in life; (G and H) penis stylet; (I) sperm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="5BCF2C8AFFEBFFBFFF4DFA06FF1AFA16" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234686/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" targetBox="[380,1206,481,1387]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEBFFBFFF4DFA06FF1AFA16" blockId="4.[151,1436,1409,1462]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFF4DFA06FEEAFA36" bold="true" box="[151,278,1409,1431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFEFBFA05FDC5FA37" box="[289,569,1409,1431]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFEFBFA05FDC5FA37" box="[289,569,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Macrostomum heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
et al., n. sp.: (A) horizontal whole body section; (B–D) longitudinal whole body section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEBFFBFFF1DFA7BFA8FF8B1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1532,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFF1DFA7BFE32F9B5" bold="true" box="[199,462,1532,1557]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Phylogenetic analysis.</emphasis>
|
||
The phylogenetic trees generated by maximum likelihood (ML) and neighbor joining (NJ) methods are shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEBFFBFFE13F9A7FDF2F999" box="[457,526,1568,1593]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1133,1155]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,201,1100]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1436,193,1111]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. The phylogenetic tree of 18 s rDNA generated with Maximum Likelihood method. (bootstrap = 1000, Tamura-nei type)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234688/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<figureCitation id="978B6087FFEBFFBFFDEAF9A7FDBDF999" box="[560,577,1568,1593]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1132,1154]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,207,1099]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1111]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. The phylogenetic tree of 18 S rDNA gene generated with Neighbor-Joining method. (bootstrap = 1000, Kimura 2 - parameter type)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234689/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">6</figureCitation>
|
||
. Both results indicated that the 18S rDNA gene sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFB34F9A6FA60F998" box="[1262,1436,1568,1592]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFB34F9A6FA60F998" box="[1262,1436,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFF4DF9C3FF29F9FD" bold="true" box="[151,213,1604,1629]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEBFFBFFF4DF9C3FF29F9FD" box="[151,213,1604,1629]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1–3 clustered together. Notably,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFD9EF9C2FD0EF9FC" box="[580,754,1604,1628]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFD9EF9C2FD0EF9FC" box="[580,754,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFD22F9C3FCCAF9FD" bold="true" box="[760,822,1604,1629]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEBFFBFFD22F9C3FCCAF9FD" box="[760,822,1604,1629]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
formed a well-supported clade with the other 7 species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFF63F9EEFEA6F920" box="[185,346,1641,1664]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFF63F9EEFEA6F920" box="[185,346,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Macrostomum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFE05F9EEFDA8F920" box="[479,596,1640,1664]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hystrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFE05F9EEFDA8F920" box="[479,596,1640,1664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. hystrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFDBDF9EFFD27F921" box="[615,731,1640,1665]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715303" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715303</accessionNumber>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFD28F9EEFCB1F920" box="[754,845,1640,1664]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tuba">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFD28F9EEFCB1F920" box="[754,845,1640,1664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. tuba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFC85F9EFFC28F921" box="[863,980,1640,1665]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715300" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715300</accessionNumber>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFC30F9EEFB8FF920" box="[1002,1139,1641,1664]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="quiritum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFC30F9EEFB8FF920" box="[1002,1139,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. quiritum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFB5CF9EFFB07F921" box="[1158,1275,1640,1665]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715299" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715299</accessionNumber>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFACBF9EEFA60F920" box="[1297,1436,1640,1664]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="balticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFACBF9EEFA60F920" box="[1297,1436,1640,1664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. balticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFF44F90BFEEFF905" box="[158,275,1676,1701]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715310" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715310</accessionNumber>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFEFCF90AFE4AF904" box="[294,438,1676,1700]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="longituba">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFEFCF90AFE4AF904" box="[294,438,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. longituba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFE1FF90BFDC5F905" box="[453,569,1676,1701]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715309" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715309</accessionNumber>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFD96F90AFD09F904" box="[588,757,1676,1700]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hystricinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFD96F90AFD09F904" box="[588,757,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. hystricinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFCDEF90BFC8BF905" box="[772,887,1676,1701]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715311" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715311</accessionNumber>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFC63F90AFBC2F904" box="[953,1086,1676,1700]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pusillum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFC63F90AFBC2F904" box="[953,1086,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. pusillum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFB97F90BFB43F905" box="[1101,1215,1676,1701]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715314" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715314</accessionNumber>
|
||
). The 18S rDNA
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFA5CF90BFEB2F968" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFF4DF936FEB2F968" box="[151,334,1712,1736]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">M. heyuanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFE87F937FE58F969" bold="true" box="[349,420,1712,1737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEBFFBFFE87F937FE58F969" box="[349,420,1712,1737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was much closer to the one of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFC9DF937FBC8F968" box="[839,1076,1712,1736]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Bradynectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sterreri">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFC9DF937FBC8F968" box="[839,1076,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Bradynectes sterreri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFB91F937FB41F969" box="[1099,1213,1712,1737]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715298" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715298</accessionNumber>
|
||
) than to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFF4DF953FDFAF94C" box="[151,518,1748,1772]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Dolichomacrostomidae" genus="Dolichomacrostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uniporum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFF4DF953FDFAF94C" box="[151,518,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Dolichomacrostomum uniporum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFDCDF953FD70F94D" box="[535,652,1748,1773]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715295" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715295</accessionNumber>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFD78F952FC68F94C" box="[674,916,1748,1772]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineare">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFD78F952FC68F94C" box="[674,916,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Microstomum lineare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFC7DF952FBCEF94D" box="[935,1074,1748,1773]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KC869791" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">KC 869791</accessionNumber>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFBA1F952FA60F94C" box="[1147,1436,1748,1772]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="papillosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFBA1F952FA60F94C" box="[1147,1436,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Microstomum papillosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="10E3E1E1FFEBFFBFFF44F97FFEEFF8B1" box="[158,275,1784,1809]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ715296" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">FJ715296</accessionNumber>
|
||
), which are representatives of the families
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFD28F97FFC0BF8B1" box="[754,1015,1784,1809]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Dolichomacrostomidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Dolichomacrostomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFBF4F97FFB27F8B1" box="[1070,1243,1784,1809]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Microstomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="47AA2F89FFEBFFBEFF1DF89BFD70F83B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEBFFBEFF1DF89BFE6CFE27" blockId="4.[151,1437,1532,2025]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,392]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFF1DF89BFEC7F895" bold="true" box="[199,315,1820,1845]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
There are 6 species similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFD4BF89AFCC3F894" box="[657,831,1820,1844]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFD4BF89AFCC3F894" box="[657,831,1820,1844]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFC9CF89BFC79F895" bold="true" box="[838,901,1820,1845]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEBFFBFFC9CF89BFC79F895" box="[838,901,1820,1845]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
identified in this study. 1) In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFB15F89AFE94F8F8" authority="Ax & Armonies, 1990" authorityName="Ax & Armonies" authorityYear="1990" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="extraculum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFB15F89AFA8EF894" box="[1231,1394,1820,1844]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. extraculum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6B2101F3FFEBFFBFFAA3F89AFE94F8F8" author="Ax" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" refString="Ax, P. & Armonies, W. (1990) Brackish water Plathelminthes from Alaska as evidence for the existence of a boreal brackish water community with circumpolar distribution. Microfauna Marina, 6, 7 - 109." type="journal article" year="1990">Ax & Armonies, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the penis stylet (ps) istubular, 68~72 Μm in length and rotates at its distal end. The diameters of base and distal opening are 18~22 Μm and 3 Μm, respectively. The lower edge of the distal opening is thicker than other parts of penis stylet (ps). 2) In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBFFDF7F80EFCCFF801" authority="Papi, 1951" authorityName="Papi" authorityYear="1951" box="[557,819,1928,1953]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="retortum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFDF7F80EFD4FF800" box="[557,691,1929,1952]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. retortum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6B2101F3FFEBFFBFFD60F80FFCCFF801" author="Papi" box="[698,819,1928,1953]" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" refString="Papi, F. (1951) Ricerche sui Turbellari Macrostomidae. Archivio Zoologico Italiano, 36, 289 - 341." type="journal article" year="1951">Papi, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the length of penis stylet (ps) is 138 Μm, and the distal opening is in a helix shape. The diameters of base and distal opening of the tube are 20 Μm and 3.5 Μm, respectively, and the straight-line distance between the proximal and distal end is 127 Μm. 3)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEBFFBEFB7DF856FF2EFF10" authority="Ax, 2008" authorityName="Ax" authorityYear="2008" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="125" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bellebaruchae">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEBFFBFFB7DF856FA90F848" box="[1191,1388,2000,2024]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="124">M. bellebaruchae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6B2101F3FFEBFFBEFAA9F856FF2EFF10" author="Ax" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="4" pageNumber="124" refString="Ax, P. (2008) Plathelminthes aus Brackgewassern der Nordhalbkugel. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz, Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 696 pp. 97 - 99, 114 - 115, 118 - 119, 135 - 136." type="book chapter" year="2008">Ax, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the posterior end of penis stylet (ps) has 2 similar helixes, and the edge of distal opening is not thickened. The straight-line distance between the base and distal end is approximately 56 Μm. 4) In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFB46FF3AFACFFF74" authority="An" authorityName="An" box="[1180,1331,188,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="leptos">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFB46FF3AFAFBFF74" box="[1180,1287,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">M. leptos</emphasis>
|
||
An
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
der Lan, 1939, its penis stylet is in bow-shaped with a 110° angle. The distal opening is helix-shaped and is not thickened. 5) In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFF6FFE82FE28FEBC" authority="Ferguson, 1939" authorityName="Ferguson" authorityYear="1939" box="[181,468,260,285]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lewisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFF6FFE82FEE0FEBC" box="[181,284,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">M. lewisi</emphasis>
|
||
Ferguson, 1939
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its penis stylet (ps) is 104 Μm in length and has two right-angle bends. Notably, at the base of ps, the edge is in a zigzag form. 6) In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFD4DFEAEFC6DFEE0" authority="Ax, 2008" authorityName="Ax" authorityYear="2008" box="[663,913,296,320]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gallicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFD4DFEAEFCE3FEE0" box="[663,799,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">M. gallicum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6B2101F3FFEAFFBEFCFCFEAFFC6DFEE0" author="Ax" box="[806,913,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" refString="Ax, P. (2008) Plathelminthes aus Brackgewassern der Nordhalbkugel. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz, Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 696 pp. 97 - 99, 114 - 115, 118 - 119, 135 - 136." type="book chapter" year="2008">Ax, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its penis stylet is in ‘C’-shaped, and the distal opening is thickened and bends downwards. The straight-line distance between the base and distal end is approximately 65 Μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5BCF2C8AFFEAFFBEFF4DF985FD71F997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234687/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" targetBox="[160,1419,454,1504]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEAFFBEFF4DF985FD71F997" blockId="5.[151,1436,1538,1591]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFF4DF985FEEAF9B7" bold="true" box="[151,278,1538,1560]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFEC5F984FD34F9B8" authority="Wang & Sun" authorityName="Wang & Sun" box="[287,712,1538,1560]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFEC5F984FDCAF9B8" box="[287,566,1538,1560]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">Macrostomum heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Wang & Sun
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEAFFBEFD03F984FCE8F9B8" box="[729,788,1539,1560]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, ventral view: (A) body in whole; (B) profile of the tail; (C) copulatory apparatus; (D) penis stylet; (E) sperm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0F0F7C02FFEAFFBEFF1DF90FFD70F83B" blockId="5.[151,1436,1671,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">
|
||
In contrast, the middle part of penis stylet (ps) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFD23F90FFC54F93F" box="[761,936,1671,1695]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFD23F90FFC54F93F" box="[761,936,1671,1695]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">M. heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFC75F900FC13F900" bold="true" box="[943,1007,1671,1696]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEAFFBEFC75F900FC13F900" box="[943,1007,1671,1696]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
bends at 108°, while the distal end of penis stylet (ps) bends to a reverse direction. The distal end is apparently swollen and is similar to the corresponding part in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFE4CF957FDDDF947" box="[406,545,1743,1767]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gallicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFE4CF957FDDDF947" box="[406,545,1743,1767]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">M. gallicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the overall structures of their stylets are different, in terms of the straight-line distance between the base and distal end, and the bending angles at the middle and distal end of the penis stylet. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFE73F89FFDABF88F" box="[425,599,1815,1839]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFE73F89FFDABF88F" box="[425,599,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">M. heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFD87F890FD67F890" bold="true" box="[605,667,1815,1840]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEAFFBEFD87F890FD67F890" box="[605,667,1815,1840]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFD0BF89FFCABF88F" box="[721,855,1815,1839]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Microstomidae" genus="Microstomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gallicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFD0BF89FFCABF88F" box="[721,855,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">M. gallicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
live in different habitats (freshwater vs. marine). To sum up,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFF2FF8BBFE58F8F3" box="[245,420,1851,1875]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFF2FF8BBFE58F8F3" box="[245,420,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">M. heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFE70F8BCFE14F8F4" bold="true" box="[426,488,1851,1876]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEAFFBEFE70F8BCFE14F8F4" box="[426,488,1851,1876]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has significant morphological differences compared with the penis stylets (ps) of the above 6 turbellarians. Together with the results of 18S rDNA analysis, it is evident that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFBADF8E7FADAF8D7" box="[1143,1318,1887,1911]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="heyuanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFBADF8E7FADAF8D7" box="[1143,1318,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">M. heyuanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFAF7F8D8FA91F8D8" bold="true" box="[1325,1389,1887,1912]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="26F71D6BFFEAFFBEFAF7F8D8FA91F8D8" box="[1325,1389,1887,1912]" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is a new species within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8B00781FFEAFFBEFE3EF803FD79F83B" box="[484,645,1924,1947]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" genus="Macrostomum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="125" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DC4A010FFEAFFBEFE3EF803FD79F83B" box="[484,645,1924,1947]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="125">Macrostomum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |