162 lines
16 KiB
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162 lines
16 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4502" ID-PMC="PMC3690755" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-285-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFCFFFB91706FF856810FFA7FFD2FFCE" ID-PubMed="23798894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578334" ModsDocID="1313-2970-285-1" checkinTime="1451247459543" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Blakemore, Robert J." docDate="2013" docId="60BB302FA7345360BD7D8EFCA6C6F9F9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 285: 1-21" docOrigin="ZooKeys 285" docPubDate="2013-04-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4502" docTitle="Eisenia fetida species-complex. s. Blakemore 2010" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFCFFFB91706FF856810FFA7FFD2FFCE" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="FFCFFFB91706FF856810FFA7FFD2FFCE" masterDocTitle="Earthworms newly from Mongolia (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae, Eisenia)" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1668155597120" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Earthworms newly from Mongolia (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae, Eisenia)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Blakemore, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), Incheon, 404 - 708, Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rob.blakemore@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-04-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>285</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>21</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4502</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.285.4502</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-285-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFCFFFB91706FF856810FFA7FFD2FFCE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578334</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182235592" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60BB302FA7345360BD7D8EFCA6C6F9F9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/60BB302FA7345360BD7D8EFCA6C6F9F9" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName LSID="60BB302F-A734-5360-BD7D-8EFCA6C6F9F9" authority="(Savigny, 1826) species-complex. s. Blakemore (2010)" authorityName="species-complex. s. Blakemore" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eisenia fetida" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fetida">Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) species-complex. s. Blakemore (2010)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Eisenia fetida specimen S 1 from Jeju Isl., Korea; anterio-ventral and lateral views, dorsal prostomium; spermathecae and calciferous glands in situ, nephridium from 20 lhs B Eisenia fetida S 3 ditto with nephridium in 13 lhs C Athecal Allolobophora hataii Kobayashi, 1940: fig. 5 (incertae sedis) for comparison." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29789" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="note">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Note.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="species-complex. s. Blakemore" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fetida">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Eisenia fetida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the earliest representative of the genus, originally
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1826" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Enterion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fetidum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Enterion fetidum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Savigny, 1826: 182 (type locality Paris; types in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
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national d'histoire naturelle, Paris according to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stöp-Bowitz">Stoep-Bowitz</normalizedToken>
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, 1969: 172); its 15 progressive synonyms, lastly including
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<taxonomicName authority="andrei" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="andrei" subSpecies="andrei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Eisenia andrei andrei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouché">Bouche</normalizedToken>
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, 1972: 381 (with types in Sully, France, OECO79-1388-4321), are fully presented in
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<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore, RJ" journalOrPublisher="VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, CD-ROM Monograph" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="B6" refString="Blakemore, RJ, 2008a. An updated list of valid, invalid and synonymous names of Criodriloidea and Lumbricoidea (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Criodrilidae, Sparganophilidae, Ailoscolecidae, Hormogastridae, Lumbricidae, Lutodrilidae). Chapter 10 in: A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity, Ecology and Systematics from Various Regions of the World. Online: http://www.annelida.net/earthworm/Lumbricidae.pdf." title="An updated list of valid, invalid and synonymous names of Criodriloidea and Lumbricoidea (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Criodrilidae, Sparganophilidae, Ailoscolecidae, Hormogastridae, Lumbricidae, Lutodrilidae). Chapter 10 in: A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity, Ecology and Systematics from Various Regions of the World. Online: http: // www. annelida. net / earthworm / Lumbricidae. pdf" year="2008 a">Blakemore (2008a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore, RJ" journalOrPublisher="VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, CD-ROM Monograph" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="B8" refString="Blakemore, RJ, 2010. Cosmopolitan Earthworms - an Eco-Taxonomic Guide to the Peregrine Species of the World. 4th Edn. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, CD-ROM Monograph, pp. 750." title="Cosmopolitan Earthworms - an Eco-Taxonomic Guide to the Peregrine Species of the World. 4 th Edn. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, CD-ROM Monograph, pp. 750." year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore, RJ" journalOrPublisher="VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, CD-ROM Monograph" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="B10" refString="Blakemore, RJ, 2012a. On Schmarda's lost worm and some newly found New Zealand species. Journal of Species Research 1(2): 105-132. http://www.nibr.go.kr/english/event/journal_spe_3.jsp." title="On Schmarda's lost worm and some newly found New Zealand species. Journal of Species Research 1 (2): 105 - 132. http: // www. nibr. go. kr / english / event / journal _ spe _ 3. jsp" year="2012 a">2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore, RJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Species Research" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="15 - 54" refId="B12" refString="Blakemore, RJ, 2013a. Jeju-do earthworms (Oligochaeta : Megadrilacea) - Quelpart Island revisited. Journal of Species Research 2 (1): 15 - 54" title="Jeju-do earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea) - Quelpart Island revisited." volume="2" year="2013 a">2013a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore, RJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Species Research" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="55 - 69" refId="B13" refString="Blakemore, RJ, 2013b. Ulleung-do Earthworms - Dagelet Island revisited. Journal of Species Research 2 (1): 55 - 69" title="Ulleung-do Earthworms - Dagelet Island revisited." volume="2" year="2013 b">b</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Puce, semi-mature specimen S1 from Hamdeok Sewoobyong beach, Jeju Island, collected 15th Feb., 2012 by RJB NIBRIV0000249915 (dissected and figured,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Eisenia fetida specimen S 1 from Jeju Isl., Korea; anterio-ventral and lateral views, dorsal prostomium; spermathecae and calciferous glands in situ, nephridium from 20 lhs B Eisenia fetida S 3 ditto with nephridium in 13 lhs C Athecal Allolobophora hataii Kobayashi, 1940: fig. 5 (incertae sedis) for comparison." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29789" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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, providing DNA sample WM18 - nil results, resampled as WO12 and as w11 to recheck); S2 mature, posterior amputee specimen with same collection data. S3-4 two uniformly pale Jeju specimens, collected 16th Feb., 2012 by RJB (one posterior amputee dissected and figured,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Eisenia fetida specimen S 1 from Jeju Isl., Korea; anterio-ventral and lateral views, dorsal prostomium; spermathecae and calciferous glands in situ, nephridium from 20 lhs B Eisenia fetida S 3 ditto with nephridium in 13 lhs C Athecal Allolobophora hataii Kobayashi, 1940: fig. 5 (incertae sedis) for comparison." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29789" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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, providing DNA WO7 that was mixed in the genetics laboratory, resampled as w62 with data pending). S5 is a single deep-red, very weakly striped mature from Gangreung, Yongok stream, eastern S. Korea collected 4th April, 2012 by RJB (IV0000249930 providing DNA sample WO18 - see Appendix 1). Three matures, pale with pink clitella, S6-8 from Incheon, Seo-gu, Gyeongseo-dong, 20th April, 2000 (IV0000215368 mislabeled as "
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Perionyx excavatus</emphasis>
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"; note other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1872" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Perionyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="excavatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Perionyx excavatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Perrier, 1872 proper confirmed in NIBR collection). Eight mature specimens, darkly striped with pale intersegments, otherwise compliant (IV0000261280 labeled
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“20110609//5/A”">"20110609//5/A"</normalizedToken>
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their jar also contains four
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Amynthas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.). Other NIBR specimens labeled "
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">E. foetida</emphasis>
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" e.g., IV0000213769/214062, were not inspected here.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Description of current specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Body not especially flattened. Lengths 50-80 mm, segments 110-140. First dorsal pore small in 3/4, open from 4/5 onwards. Setae closely paired,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">ab</emphasis>
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slightly tumid in some or all of 9-12, 22, 23 and 25,26-32; distinctly paler around
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">cd</emphasis>
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in just 9 or in some of 9-11,12. Dorsum to below
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">c</emphasis>
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lines a reddish or pinky puce (sometimes much darker or much paler); ventrum pale with clitellum darker buff, saddle-shaped in 24,25,26,27-31,32,33. TP
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½28,28-½31,31">1/228,28-1/231,31</normalizedToken>
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. Spermathecae nearly mid-dorsum in 9/10/11. Female pores small on 14 lateral to
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">b</emphasis>
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. Male pores in slightly tumid pads on 15 lateral of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">b</emphasis>
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setae. Nephropores visible sporadically intersegmentally above
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">b</emphasis>
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lines (alternatively in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">d</emphasis>
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?).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Internally, spermathecae spherical in 9 & 10. Testis small in 10 & 11, seminal vesicles in 9-12. Last hearts in 11. Calciferous glands annular in 11 & 12. Ovaries in
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="3" start="start">13</pageBreakToken>
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. Nephridia sausage-shaped. Crop in 16 and gizzard large in 17-18, with intestine proper after 19; a low, wide typhlosole present from about 26.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Remarks:</emphasis>
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The Jeju specimens lack the supposedly characteristic broad striped appearance while specimen S5 is brick red (mtDNA barcodes show 99% agreement). It seems remarkable that S3-4 would agree as they lack pigment. Other specimens with much darker, almost black, segments and contrasting paler intersegment also comply superficially. The whole species-complex requires evaluation with consideration of ICZN compliance as noted in the Discussion.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29789" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="species-complex. s. Blakemore" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fetida">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eisenia fetida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimen S1 from Jeju Isl., Korea; anterio-ventral and lateral views, dorsal prostomium; spermathecae and calciferous glands
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">in situ</emphasis>
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, nephridium from 20lhs
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="species-complex. s. Blakemore" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fetida">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eisenia fetida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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S3 ditto with nephridium in 13lhs
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C</emphasis>
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Athecal
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1940" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Allolobophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hataii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Allolobophora hataii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kobayashi, 1940: fig. 5 (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">incertae sedis</emphasis>
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) for comparison.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |