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<document id="098F772CC3ECD984A31DED21C1499074" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5539.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240426" ID-ZooBank="7BDB9666-CA90-40BF-8F65-B9897CDA1F2B" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1732831664062" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Runyon, Justin B." docDate="2024" docId="FD1A87BFA56DFFA650D3F9A7FDA2FBE6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5539.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5539 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5539.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Calyxochaetus remifer Runyon, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="0123FFC7A52CFFE55044FFD3FFFBFFD3" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Calyxochaetus Bigot (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Sympycninae)" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="66" updateTime="1732912132906" updateUser="carolina">
<mods:mods id="11CF853D08789E3A3CAA40610BE7B1D5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="2C965BEC305F19C68E7FAE8D01089E60">
<mods:title id="E744B50248A584111F72B4D50188F848">Revision of the genus Calyxochaetus Bigot (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Sympycninae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="7EFA3A3F08D92A98312F2369A382532C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9E471BD3452327332CB9B9CC1881C0C8">
<mods:roleTerm id="A1889B0286E8D1255DD2C7483D5C5F14">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="19380F71DD7A27BF9F45FC24E0B48A34">Runyon, Justin B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="20D47BE2095A4E2C2D2ACA87B25470EE" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0271-0511</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A802DD5F1DEBD0348D99F0189AE72EA1">Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1648 S. 7 th Avenue, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FB15FE1096BBD00A637103D1F0BE39E2" type="email">justin.runyon@usda.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AF35BB49A6AE6D7A0A202D951BA8EB3A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="814ECF81B295F5ADE4CAC2EF6EC75F24">
<mods:title id="778A5B230CEB8CC6F47CEDDE487A2A7D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="5F39A2AC39F336A75321DEF5885D4A66">
<mods:date id="5CEB9EFF2980B04AE023716055B56B08">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D4FC8B8BEEE7055703D37377907215D3" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7A3FA1F1B05836DAACCE8DA35EB3768C">2024-11-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="026A3148AFFFF370BA15386BE289ED07">5539</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="45E0A960AE10155043ED4D74B25E5F15">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="0B877FF01BCA0DEF4EFBCEC7E58DD393">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5539.1.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="C85E2B1F135A5621238BCEB134849EBD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="04C017374FE59C5FC9FCBD2100FA6A05" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5539.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F7F589A1288CAE141F63E5EFF8C8024D" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5493ED2F0510D7112140B534E4ADF163" type="Zenodo-Dep">14240426</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FD1A87BFA56DFFA650D3F9A7FDA2FBE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240416" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240416" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD1A87BFA56DFFA650D3F9A7FDA2FBE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD1A87BFA56DFFA650D3F9A7FDA2FBE6" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<subSubSection id="3DA96522A56DFFA450D3F9A7FDF4F95C" box="[151,527,1652,1679]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56DFFA450D3F9A7FDF4F95C" blockId="65.[151,527,1652,1715]" box="[151,527,1652,1679]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="2E4481C5A56DFFA450D3F9A7FDF4F95C" bold="true" box="[151,527,1652,1679]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="4">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA450D3F9A7FDF4F95C" bold="true" box="[151,527,1652,1679]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56DFFA450D3F9A7FE51F95D" authorityName="Runyon" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,426,1652,1679]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remifer" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA450D3F9A7FE51F95D" bold="true" box="[151,426,1652,1679]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Calyxochaetus remifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CF457C0A56DFFA451F5F9A6FDF4F95C" box="[433,527,1653,1679]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DA96522A56DFFA450D3F94BFDFEF960" box="[151,517,1688,1715]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="description">
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56DFFA450D3F94BFDFEF960" blockId="65.[151,527,1652,1715]" box="[151,517,1688,1715]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
(
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56DFFA450DBF94BFF1DF960" box="[159,230,1688,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1232,1256]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[154,1433,181,1208]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Photographs of live specimens of Calyxochaetus and examples of habitats. 1. Male of C. remifer sp. nov. on monkeyflower leaf at desert seep in Baja California, Mexico (photo by Chloe and Trevor Van Loon). 2. Mating pair of C. fortunatus (Wheeler) taken in Ontario, Canada (photo by Steve Marshall). 3. Sonoita Creek (in background) near Patagonia Lake in southern Arizona, USA. Calyxochaetus desertus sp. nov., C. pictipes (Harmston &amp; Knowlton), and C. tohono sp. nov. were collected at the side-pool shaded by small willows (arrow). 4. Big Sheep Creek in southwest Montana, USA and type locality of C. celatus sp. nov. Adults were collected in this open habitat by sweeping through tall, dense grasses and rushes of the marshy area adjacent to creek (at right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240428/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56DFFA450B0F94AFEADF960" box="[244,342,1689,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–119" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1472,1496]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetId="figure-27@50.[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 104–119. Male antennae (lateral view) and forelegs of the Calyxochaetus frontalis species group. 104. C. binodatus (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 105. C. nodatus (Loew). 106. C. desertus sp. nov. 107. C. pictipes (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 108. C. sobrinus (Wheeler). 109. C. ornatus Parent. 110. C. remifer sp. nov. 111. C. tohono sp. nov. 112. C. frontalis (Loew). 113. C. furcatus (Van Duzee). 114. C. lamellicornis Parent (photo by Emmanuel Delfosse, MNHN). 115. C. lacrima sp. nov. 116. C. binodatus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 117. C. sobrinus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 118. C. remifer sp. nov., fore tarsus, dorsal view. 119. C. lacrima sp. nov., fore tibia and tarsus, posterior view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm; arista-like styli approximately 1 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240476/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">110, 118</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56DFFA45126F94AFE75F960" box="[354,398,1689,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–131" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1711,1735]" captionTargetBox="[196,1392,181,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-27@52.[196,1392,181,1688]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 120–131. Male mid tarsi of the Calyxochaetus frontalis species group (anterior on left side). 120. C. binodatus (Harmston &amp; Knowlton), dorsal view. 121. C. nodatus (Loew), ventral view. 122. C. bovanodatus sp. nov., dorsal view. 123. C. desertus sp. nov., mid tarsomeres 2–5, dorsal view. 124. C. sobrinus (Wheeler), mid tarsomeres 2–5, dorsal view. 125. C. pictipes (Harmston &amp; Knowlton), dorsal view. 126. C. ornatus Parent, mid tarsomeres 2–5, ventral view. 127. C. tohono sp. nov., mid tarsomeres 2–5, dorsal view. 128. C. remifer sp. nov., dorsal view. 129. C. frontalis (Loew), dorsal view. 130. C. furcatus (Van Duzee), dorsal view. 131. C. lacrima sp. nov., dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240480/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">128</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56DFFA451DEF94AFE3DF960" box="[410,454,1689,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 139–143" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[162,1432,181,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-27@60.[151,1436,181,1371]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 139–143. Holotypes of new species in the Calyxochaetus frontalis group. 139. C. bovanodatus sp. nov. 140. C. lacrima sp. nov. 141. C. desertus sp. nov. 142. C. remifer sp. nov. 143. C. tohono sp. nov. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240486/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">142</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56DFFA45196F94AFE06F960" box="[466,509,1689,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 147–148" captionStartId="66.[151,264,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,181,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@66.[271,1315,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURES 147–148. Known geographical distributions of species in the Calyxochaetus frontalis group. 147. C. furcatus (Van Duzee), C. lacrima sp. nov. and C. lamellicornis Parent. 148. C. ornatus Parent, C. remifer sp. nov. and C. tohono sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240492/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">148</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DA96522A56DFFA450D3F932FAA7F8B4" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56DFFA450D3F932FBAEF8CC" blockId="65.[151,1436,1760,1967]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA450D3F932FEB5F929" bold="true" box="[151,334,1760,1787]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C5DB3CF4A56DFFA4511AF933FBAEF8CC" collectingDate="1974-02-24" collectionCode="LACM" collectorName="G. E. Bohart &amp; J. B. Runyon" country="Mexico" location="Guerrero Negro" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guerrero Negro" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA4511AF933FE06F929" bold="true" box="[350,509,1760,1786]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">HOLOTYPE</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="63B5FD20A56DFFA45249F932FDDFF928" box="[525,548,1761,1787]" count="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, labeled: “
<collectingCountry id="0DA47639A56DFFA452E8F932FCE6F928" box="[684,797,1761,1787]" name="Mexico" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
B.C. Sur/
<collectingRegion id="B777F84BA56DFFA453F4F932FB91F928" box="[944,1130,1761,1787]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Guerrero Negro</collectingRegion>
/
<date id="010D1069A56DFFA454C7F932FB1BF928" box="[1155,1248,1761,1787]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1974-02-24">
<collectingDate id="1149E981A56DFFA454C7F932FB1BF928" box="[1155,1248,1761,1787]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1974-02-24">II-24-74</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="D846537FA56DFFA454BCF932FA75F929" box="[1272,1422,1760,1787]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">G.E. Bohart</collectorName>
”; “HOLOTYPE/
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56DFFA45102F8D7FE10F8CD" box="[326,491,1796,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA45102F8D7FE10F8CD" box="[326,491,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Calyxochaetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56DFFA451BEF8D6FDB0F8CC" authorityName="Runyon" authorityYear="2024" box="[506,587,1797,1823]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remifer">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA451BEF8D6FDB0F8CC" box="[506,587,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">remifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<collectorName id="D846537FA56DFFA4521EF8D6FD1DF8CC" box="[602,742,1797,1823]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">J.B. Runyon</collectorName>
[red label]” (
<collectionCode id="13A2AE6CA56DFFA4533FF8D6FC34F8CC" box="[891,975,1797,1823]" collectionName="USA, California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">LACM</collectionCode>
) (
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56DFFA453A2F8D7FBB2F8CC" box="[998,1097,1796,1823]" captionStart="FIGURES 139–143" captionStartId="60.[151,264,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[162,1432,181,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-27@60.[151,1436,181,1371]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 139–143. Holotypes of new species in the Calyxochaetus frontalis group. 139. C. bovanodatus sp. nov. 140. C. lacrima sp. nov. 141. C. desertus sp. nov. 142. C. remifer sp. nov. 143. C. tohono sp. nov. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240486/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 142</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56DFFA45083F8FBFAA7F8B4" blockId="65.[151,1436,1760,1967]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA45083F8FBFDFCF891" bold="true" box="[199,519,1832,1858]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C5DB3CF4A56DFFA45257F8FBFAA3F8B4" collectingDate="2023-11-23" country="Mexico" location="Baja California" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA45257F8FBFD68F891" bold="true" box="[531,659,1832,1858]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<collectingCountry id="0DA47639A56DFFA45257F8FBFD75F891" box="[531,654,1832,1858]" name="Mexico" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="B777F84BA56DFFA452DBF8FBFCAEF891" box="[671,853,1832,1858]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Baja California</collectingRegion>
:
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA45321F8FAFC84F891" box="[869,895,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">ca</emphasis>
28.665° -113.594°, at a desert seep, on seep monkeyflowers at night,
<date id="010D1069A56DFFA451EBF89FFDDCF8B5" box="[431,551,1868,1894]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2023-11-23">
<collectingDate id="1149E981A56DFFA451EBF89FFDDCF8B5" box="[431,551,1868,1894]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2023-11-23">23.xi.2023</collectingDate>
</date>
[photos examined: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/192507313]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DA96522A56DFFA45083F8A3FD4CF87C" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56DFFA45083F8A3FD4CF87C" blockId="65.[151,1436,1760,1967]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA45083F8A3FEB9F859" bold="true" box="[199,322,1904,1930]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The very large, elongate oval lamella on the arista-like stylus (
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56DFFA45440F8A3FB98F858" box="[1028,1123,1904,1931]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–119" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1472,1496]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetId="figure-27@50.[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 104–119. Male antennae (lateral view) and forelegs of the Calyxochaetus frontalis species group. 104. C. binodatus (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 105. C. nodatus (Loew). 106. C. desertus sp. nov. 107. C. pictipes (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 108. C. sobrinus (Wheeler). 109. C. ornatus Parent. 110. C. remifer sp. nov. 111. C. tohono sp. nov. 112. C. frontalis (Loew). 113. C. furcatus (Van Duzee). 114. C. lamellicornis Parent (photo by Emmanuel Delfosse, MNHN). 115. C. lacrima sp. nov. 116. C. binodatus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 117. C. sobrinus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 118. C. remifer sp. nov., fore tarsus, dorsal view. 119. C. lacrima sp. nov., fore tibia and tarsus, posterior view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm; arista-like styli approximately 1 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240476/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 110</figureCitation>
) and form of the fore tarsus (
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56DFFA450DBF847FF05F87C" box="[159,254,1940,1967]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–119" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1472,1496]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetId="figure-27@50.[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 104–119. Male antennae (lateral view) and forelegs of the Calyxochaetus frontalis species group. 104. C. binodatus (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 105. C. nodatus (Loew). 106. C. desertus sp. nov. 107. C. pictipes (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 108. C. sobrinus (Wheeler). 109. C. ornatus Parent. 110. C. remifer sp. nov. 111. C. tohono sp. nov. 112. C. frontalis (Loew). 113. C. furcatus (Van Duzee). 114. C. lamellicornis Parent (photo by Emmanuel Delfosse, MNHN). 115. C. lacrima sp. nov. 116. C. binodatus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 117. C. sobrinus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 118. C. remifer sp. nov., fore tarsus, dorsal view. 119. C. lacrima sp. nov., fore tibia and tarsus, posterior view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm; arista-like styli approximately 1 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240476/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
) in males are unique in
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56DFFA4524FF847FD4BF87D" box="[523,688,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56DFFA4524FF847FD4BF87D" box="[523,688,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Calyxochaetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="21CC6621A56EFFA750D3F880FA8EF843" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14240492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240492/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" startId="66.[151,264,1875,1899]" targetBox="[274,1315,181,1851]" targetPageId="66" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56EFFA750D3F880FA8EF843" blockId="66.[151,1436,1875,1936]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA750D3F880FE95F8B8" bold="true" box="[151,366,1875,1899]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FIGURES 147–148.</emphasis>
Known geographical distributions of species in the
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56EFFA753C6F880FB88F8B8" box="[898,1139,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA753C6F880FB88F8B8" box="[898,1139,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Calyxochaetus frontalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA75486F880FB14F8B8" bold="true" box="[1218,1263,1875,1899]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">147.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56EFFA754B1F887FF18F843" authority="(Van Duzee)" baseAuthorityName="Van Duzee" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Nothosympycnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcatus">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA754B1F887FA9EF8B8" box="[1269,1381,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. furcatus</emphasis>
(Van Duzee)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56EFFA750A9F8ABFEA1F85C" authorityName="Runyon" authorityYear="2024" box="[237,346,1911,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacrima" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA750A9F8ABFEA1F85C" box="[237,346,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. lacrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA75124F8ABFE4BF843" bold="true" box="[352,432,1912,1936]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CF457C0A56EFFA75124F8ABFE4BF843" box="[352,432,1912,1936]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56EFFA751A6F8ABFD2FF85C" authority="Parent." authorityName="Parent." box="[482,724,1911,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamellicornis">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA751A6F8ABFD7EF85C" box="[482,645,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. lamellicornis</emphasis>
Parent.
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA7529DF8A4FCFEF85C" bold="true" box="[729,773,1911,1935]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">148.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56EFFA75348F8ABFC3BF85C" authority="Parent" authorityName="Parent" box="[780,960,1912,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA75348F8ABFC8DF85C" box="[780,886,1912,1935]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. ornatus</emphasis>
Parent
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56EFFA7538EF8ABFBC9F85C" authorityName="Runyon" authorityYear="2024" box="[970,1074,1911,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remifer" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA7538EF8ABFBC9F85C" box="[970,1074,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. remifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA7547CF8ABFB73F843" bold="true" box="[1080,1160,1912,1936]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CF457C0A56EFFA7547CF8ABFB73F843" box="[1080,1160,1912,1936]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56EFFA754FEF8ABFAE5F85C" authorityName="Runyon" authorityYear="2024" box="[1210,1310,1911,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tohono" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56EFFA754FEF8ABFAE5F85C" box="[1210,1310,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">C. tohono</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CF457C0A56EFFA75560F8ABFA8EF843" box="[1316,1397,1912,1936]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="3DA96522A56FFFA65083FF45FE59FC52" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="description">
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56FFFA65083FF45FAE7FC8E" blockId="67.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA65083FF45FE5EFF62" bold="true" box="[199,421,150,177]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Description. Male.</emphasis>
Wing length
<quantity id="B24B9B4CA56FFFA65205FF44FD67FF62" box="[577,668,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA652ECFF44FD0AFF62" bold="true" box="[680,753,151,177]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Head:</emphasis>
Frons brown pruinose with large glabrous shiny blue-violet spot on either side of ocellar tubercle. Face white-silver, very narrow, about one ommatidium wide at narrowest. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56FFFA65142FF0CFE9EFF2A" box="[262,357,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–119" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1472,1496]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetId="figure-27@50.[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 104–119. Male antennae (lateral view) and forelegs of the Calyxochaetus frontalis species group. 104. C. binodatus (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 105. C. nodatus (Loew). 106. C. desertus sp. nov. 107. C. pictipes (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 108. C. sobrinus (Wheeler). 109. C. ornatus Parent. 110. C. remifer sp. nov. 111. C. tohono sp. nov. 112. C. frontalis (Loew). 113. C. furcatus (Van Duzee). 114. C. lamellicornis Parent (photo by Emmanuel Delfosse, MNHN). 115. C. lacrima sp. nov. 116. C. binodatus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 117. C. sobrinus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 118. C. remifer sp. nov., fore tarsus, dorsal view. 119. C. lacrima sp. nov., fore tibia and tarsus, posterior view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm; arista-like styli approximately 1 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240476/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 110</figureCitation>
) brown, scape slightly shorter than postpedicel; postpedicel short and oval, slightly longer than wide; arista-like stylus with large elongate oval microtrichose apical lamella (subequal in size to postpedicel). Palpus not visible.
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA65129FEF4FE34FE92" bold="true" box="[365,463,295,321]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Thorax:</emphasis>
Pleura brown with thick gray pruinosity, sclerite below halter yellowish; metepimeron mostly yellow, lightly infuscated on about dorsal half. Scutellum with distinct blue-violet reflections medially.
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA6551FFE98FA67FEB6" bold="true" box="[1371,1436,331,357]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Legs:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA650D3FEBCFF14FE5A" box="[151,239,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Foreleg</emphasis>
: Yellow, except tarsus brown from apex of tarsomere 3. Tibia slender, without outstanding setae. Tarsus (
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56FFFA650DBFE40FF04FE7E" box="[159,255,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–119" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1472,1496]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetId="figure-27@50.[151,1437,181,1448]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 104–119. Male antennae (lateral view) and forelegs of the Calyxochaetus frontalis species group. 104. C. binodatus (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 105. C. nodatus (Loew). 106. C. desertus sp. nov. 107. C. pictipes (Harmston &amp; Knowlton). 108. C. sobrinus (Wheeler). 109. C. ornatus Parent. 110. C. remifer sp. nov. 111. C. tohono sp. nov. 112. C. frontalis (Loew). 113. C. furcatus (Van Duzee). 114. C. lamellicornis Parent (photo by Emmanuel Delfosse, MNHN). 115. C. lacrima sp. nov. 116. C. binodatus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 117. C. sobrinus, fore tarsus, anterior view. 118. C. remifer sp. nov., fore tarsus, dorsal view. 119. C. lacrima sp. nov., fore tibia and tarsus, posterior view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm; arista-like styli approximately 1 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240476/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
) with tarsomere 1 very short, nearly round. Tarsomere 2 slightly more than half tibia length, about half of combined length of tarsomeres 3–5. Tarsomere 3 short (about 2X length of tarsomere 1) and slightly broadened apically. Tarsomere 4 long (about 4X tarsomere 3 length) slightly flattened, broader, and rounded on basal third (oar-shaped), with dense short pale hooked dorsal microsetulae near base, lateral edges of dorsal surface with row of larger setae.
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA65105FDF0FE6BFDEE" box="[321,400,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Midleg</emphasis>
: Yellow, except coxa infuscated at base, tarsomere 5 brown. Tarsus (
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56FFFA654CDFDF0FB1CFDEE" box="[1161,1255,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–131" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1711,1735]" captionTargetBox="[196,1392,181,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-27@52.[196,1392,181,1688]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 120–131. Male mid tarsi of the Calyxochaetus frontalis species group (anterior on left side). 120. C. binodatus (Harmston &amp; Knowlton), dorsal view. 121. C. nodatus (Loew), ventral view. 122. C. bovanodatus sp. nov., dorsal view. 123. C. desertus sp. nov., mid tarsomeres 2–5, dorsal view. 124. C. sobrinus (Wheeler), mid tarsomeres 2–5, dorsal view. 125. C. pictipes (Harmston &amp; Knowlton), dorsal view. 126. C. ornatus Parent, mid tarsomeres 2–5, ventral view. 127. C. tohono sp. nov., mid tarsomeres 2–5, dorsal view. 128. C. remifer sp. nov., dorsal view. 129. C. frontalis (Loew), dorsal view. 130. C. furcatus (Van Duzee), dorsal view. 131. C. lacrima sp. nov., dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240480/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
) with tarsomere 1 slightly more than half tibia length, longer than combined length of tarsomeres 2–5. Tarsomere 2 rather short and flattened, subequal to combined length of tarsomeres 3–4, gradually widening to apex with pointed anteroapical lobe bearing short setulae. Tarsomere 3 wider than long, subtriangular and flattened, pointed anteriorly with a few anterior setulae. Tarsomere 4 larger than tarsomere 3, flattened, with wider anterior lobe, with a few anterior setulae and some white posteroventral setulae. Tarsomere 5 slender, slightly longer than combined length of tarsomeres 3–4.
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA6508BFD28FED2FCC6" box="[207,297,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Hindleg</emphasis>
: Yellow, except tarsus yellow-brown. Tibia with two long (about 2X tibia width), slender ventral setae at base.
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA650B3FCCDFEBAFCEB" bold="true" box="[247,321,798,824]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Wing:</emphasis>
Hyaline. Similar to
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56FFFA6526AFCCCFD5CFCEB" box="[558,679,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA6526AFCCCFD5CFCEB" box="[558,679,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">C. ornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56FFFA652FCFCCCFCE7FCEA" box="[696,796,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 132–138" captionStartId="54.[151,264,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,381,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-114@54.[152,1436,381,1400]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURES 132–138. Male hind legs and wings of the Calyxochaetus frontalis species group. 132. C. binodatus (Harmston &amp; Knowlton), hind tibia, anterior view. 133. C. nodatus (Loew), hind tibia, anterior view. 134. C. ornatus Parent, hind tibia, posterior view. 135. C. frontalis (Loew), hind tibia, posterior view. 136. C. lacrima sp. nov., apical third of hind femur and basal half of hind tibia, posterior view. 137. C. nodatus, wing. 138. C. ornatus, wing. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240484/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 138</figureCitation>
), except anal area slightly broader. Distal section of M
<subScript id="E93734ECA56FFFA655D0FCE2FA67FCEC" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,817,831]" fontSize="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">4</subScript>
about 3X longer than crossvein dm-m.
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA65209FC91FD30FC8F" bold="true" box="[589,715,834,860]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Tergites 2–3 largely yellow. Tergite 4 brown-yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56FFFA65083FCB4FE59FC52" blockId="67.[151,1437,150,1077]" box="[199,418,871,897]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA65083FCB4FEDEFC52" bold="true" box="[199,293,871,897]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DA96522A56FFFA65083FC59FAA2FC1A" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56FFFA65083FC59FAA2FC1A" blockId="67.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA65083FC59FD6BFC76" bold="true" box="[199,656,906,933]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Distribution and seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
Known from southern
<collectingRegion id="B777F84BA56FFFA653DAFC58FBB7FC76" box="[926,1100,907,933]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Baja California</collectingRegion>
and northern
<collectingRegion id="B777F84BA56FFFA654AAFC58FF3BFC1A" country="Mexico" name="Baja California Sur" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Baja California Sur</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="0DA47639A56FFFA6508FFC7CFEDAFC1A" box="[203,289,943,969]" name="Mexico" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56FFFA65174FC7CFE69FC1A" box="[304,402,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 147–148" captionStartId="66.[151,264,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,181,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-27@66.[271,1315,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURES 147–148. Known geographical distributions of species in the Calyxochaetus frontalis group. 147. C. furcatus (Van Duzee), C. lacrima sp. nov. and C. lamellicornis Parent. 148. C. ornatus Parent, C. remifer sp. nov. and C. tohono sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240492/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 148</figureCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="AA08880BA56FFFA6519CFC7CFDC1FC1A" box="[472,570,943,969]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was collected in February and adults were photographed in November.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DA96522A56FFFA65083FC00FDA2FBE6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="750C36A9A56FFFA65083FC00FDA2FBE6" blockId="67.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA65083FC00FEC0FC3E" bold="true" box="[199,315,979,1005]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species seems related to
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56FFFA652D7FC00FCF1FC3F" box="[659,778,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA652D7FC00FCF1FC3F" box="[659,778,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">C. ornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B2B34D2AA56FFFA65306FC00FC4AFC3E" authorityName="Runyon" authorityYear="2024" box="[834,945,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Calyxochaetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tohono" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA65306FC00FC4AFC3E" box="[834,945,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">C. tohono</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="47C7EABBA56FFFA653FDFC00FBE8FC3E" bold="true" box="[953,1043,979,1005]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CF457C0A56FFFA653FDFC00FBE8FC3E" box="[953,1043,979,1005]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, based on the form of the fore and mid tarsus. In
<collectingRegion id="B777F84BA56FFFA65179FC24FE16FBC2" box="[317,493,1015,1041]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Baja California</collectingRegion>
, many adults were observed on leaves of seep monkeyflowers at night (Chloe and Trevor
<collectingRegion id="B777F84BA56FFFA650ADFBC8FEEEFBE6" box="[233,277,1051,1077]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Van</collectingRegion>
Loon, pers. comm.) (
<figureCitation id="ED882A2CA56FFFA65243FBC8FDB3FBE6" box="[519,584,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1232,1256]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[154,1433,181,1208]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Photographs of live specimens of Calyxochaetus and examples of habitats. 1. Male of C. remifer sp. nov. on monkeyflower leaf at desert seep in Baja California, Mexico (photo by Chloe and Trevor Van Loon). 2. Mating pair of C. fortunatus (Wheeler) taken in Ontario, Canada (photo by Steve Marshall). 3. Sonoita Creek (in background) near Patagonia Lake in southern Arizona, USA. Calyxochaetus desertus sp. nov., C. pictipes (Harmston &amp; Knowlton), and C. tohono sp. nov. were collected at the side-pool shaded by small willows (arrow). 4. Big Sheep Creek in southwest Montana, USA and type locality of C. celatus sp. nov. Adults were collected in this open habitat by sweeping through tall, dense grasses and rushes of the marshy area adjacent to creek (at right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14240428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14240428/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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