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<document id="703869DD7E7256C872416C58F34496F4" ID-CLB-Dataset="27119" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.840.33878" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2fe22fcf-67b2-405a-809d-4ca5dbe1d2e3" ID-PMC="PMC6482293" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-840-21" ID-PubMed="31065226" ID-ZooBank="DE1A626CF1C748DB97A76A25E2D3D23E" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-840-21" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 840" ModsDocTitle="A new Nigerian hunter snail species related to Enneaserrata d’Ailly, 1896 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Streptaxidae) with notes on the West African species attributed to Parennea Pilsbry, 1919" checkinTime="1555526071858" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="de Winter, A. J. &amp; de Gier, Werner" docDate="2019" docId="DDBF4A68E095C1D7F67167CDA4D9A7DB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 840: 21-34" docOrigin="ZooKeys 840" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.840.33878" docTitle="Ennea nigeriensis de Winter &amp; de Gier 2019, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="3607B789-595A-450F-B83B-23EB9C6458EE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="1657FFBFFFE2FF90FFF8FFF1FFDFFFE1" masterDocTitle="A new Nigerian hunter snail species related to Enneaserrata d'Ailly, 1896 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Streptaxidae) with notes on the West African species attributed to Parennea Pilsbry, 1919" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1701383363219" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="89ABD31C8023D708A7FBDF55589D6F92">A new Nigerian hunter snail species related to Enneaserrata d'Ailly, 1896 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Streptaxidae) with notes on the West African species attributed to Parennea Pilsbry, 1919</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FB886305471B0FD004B5F27C27AA18CF">de Winter, A. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E1567B87268B1221412EEB65026B90B1">de Gier, Werner</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F78C26FDA584DE79042066E079C7E6D7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="AF240FA6CBB1013BF7581EA909FFA533">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="10A17E470B849B6DC2B9D8AC097AEB1B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="BCDBCA9A5218713AEA67A3A7E86F0D30">840</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7981A881405CC1A90AA501BDE329047E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C14CB68C11601BE47B10DBDF3343FEDF" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.840.33878</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DDBF4A68E095C1D7F67167CDA4D9A7DB" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156787902" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3607B789-595A-450F-B83B-23EB9C6458EE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DDBF4A68E095C1D7F67167CDA4D9A7DB" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="A36E7658A3CF4F19182A4E7A4017CBA8" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D093D3625B4F30028B8D49EE875877CB" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="6BBE53005D953902F6EF56E6A77EE171" ID-CoL="7R7CT" LSID="http://zoobank.org/3607B789-595A-450F-B83B-23EB9C6458EE" authority="de Winter &amp; de Gier, 2019" authorityName="de Winter &amp; de Gier" authorityYear="2019" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea nigeriensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">
<pageBreakToken id="4EFAE257A94F3CCA1D3F514BE315F27A" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" start="start">Ennea</pageBreakToken>
nigeriensis
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CA154B99DD6C3DBA9E7259FD3C79DF76" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1
<normalizedToken id="4D3526B66C30742F2030A674EE7ADAEA" originalValue="G–K">G-K</normalizedToken>
, 2
<normalizedToken id="21416A53B9C2295AAC3E4A8ABEA924F1" originalValue="F–M">F-M</normalizedToken>
, 3
<normalizedToken id="DDAE5D795F4CC10847F16C37D1D7FA0D" originalValue="F–J">F-J</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48F1C6E683A3B57EA63B61419E7E37F2" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="01D868F2910D1EDFB0F02915E0815E3A" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="868F115A4CDE61AD854773746A779D75" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
<materialsCitation id="3E64C6443942851D2923F2B365FFCF23" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2237200534" collectingDate="1896-01-01" collectingDateMax="1919-12-31" collectingDateMin="1896-01-01" collectionCode="RMNH. MOL. 341194" collectorName="O. C. Oke" country="Nigeria" elevation="100 m" latitude="5.9833" location="Agbokim" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="8.75" municipality="Cross River State" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="B40262C418DA7320D7A1CDE3F2B813F9">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="69695EA04925AEC8ACDCC5C40CD4A0A0">RMNH.MOL.341194</collectionCode>
)
<collectingCountry id="556F09F7AECAC86895BA702A14964ECE">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5AE2C39037F19F88DF1FDDB894A4BFEC">Cross River State</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="983E4FC899986F36FBD6B82B1398230F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDBF4A68E095C1D7F67167CDA4D9A7DB:983E4FC899986F36FBD6B82B1398230F" country="Nigeria" latitude="5.9833" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="8.75" municipality="Cross River State" name="Agbokim">Agbokim</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="B6818A32D3564543AEFA69A1532AF2FF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="5.9833">5.9833N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BAA431C7FC2B9B43D3AADF1EC9CC7DE" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="8.75">8.7500E</geoCoordinate>
, alt. &lt;
<elevation id="33C750873B4DEF2C053D031FEEA03135">100 m</elevation>
;
<collectorName id="810321FED4A4D540AFD671D4F863D932">O.C. Oke</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
Other material:
<materialsCitation id="79C7A01874AC85E031CCB320C63AD5C8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2237200532" collectingDate="1896-01-01" collectingDateMax="1919-12-31" collectingDateMin="1896-01-01" collectionCode="RMNH. MOL. 341195" collectorName="O. C. Oke" country="Nigeria" elevation="100 m" latitude="5.9833" location="Agbokim" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="8.75" municipality="Cross River State" specimenCount="4">
<specimenCount id="F3BF79AB51859C42F2ABFF3789982C2D">4</specimenCount>
voucher shells (
<collectionCode id="BA0A71AB8421949BD56612EAC38C5617">RMNH.MOL.341195</collectionCode>
), same data as holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4EDE1161EAFC64173CF4A99B7045F05E" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9E93BC1196852263613C67E07510CD05" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58723873B9BF49B6D1A9DAFC29432D26" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
Shell small, elongate-cylindrical to elongate ovoid (see also http://www.morphosource.org/Detail/SpecimenDetail/Show/specimen_id/21852). Shell surface with irregular growth lines and coarse subsutural crenulations extending into weak ribs further down the whorl. Shell strongly resembling that of
<taxonomicName id="7B2CAB908D1D098D3C5B3D740096BA5D" lsidName="E. serrata" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="serrata">E. serrata</taxonomicName>
in shape and sculpture, but differing by the presence of a single palatal fold and corresponding external depression rather than two; in being ca. 20% less wide (and mostly much shorter), with ca. 10% less wide protoconch; and in having tighter coiled whorls.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37C5EC57025129CD668CD0F2C7817FCC" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="A0D446497E4B1E0D1620CD75B60773D4" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
<pageBreakToken id="42211443D891B34644861CAA0C57A8BC" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="582D7BEEBDD5C9473AEDC01A25008F2F" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
Shell dimensions: see Table 1. Shell elongate cylindrical or elongate-ovoid, greatest width at penultimate whorl, last whorls less convex than upper whorls, apex subconical. Shell height 5.1 - 6.6 mm with c.
<normalizedToken id="2D5D0A69FF40DD130F543C1DCAA1A605" originalValue="6½">61/2</normalizedToken>
-
<normalizedToken id="4216BDAD57689AD387A56367DA2EC73D" originalValue="7½">71/2</normalizedToken>
whorls. Protoconch large, c.
<normalizedToken id="D4CE6281683F1B3D0B2178D259C71739" originalValue="2¾">23/4</normalizedToken>
whorls, smoothish, protoconch suture simple, transition to teleoconch marked by the onset of the crenulated teleoconch suture. Teleoconch behind the aperture for a short distance with very fine, sharp, distant ribs, rest of the shell with irregular growth lines, the subsutural crenulations at some spots extending into indistinct, low ribs. Suture deep. Umbilicus closed, umbilical region behind the basal lip with fine, sharp ribs. Peristome entire, palatal, basal and columellar wall wide but not strongly reflected, parietal wall with a deep indentation above the strong, protruding angularis. Palatal wall with a blunt mid-palatal swelling. Columellar plate externally appearing as a widened plate with a median protrusion. CT scanning shows the columella as a slightly twisted pilaster with a single small dilatation (Fig. 3C, E). Angular lamella coils regularly inwards for about half a whorl, gradually diminishing in height (Fig. 3C, D). Even more strongly than in
<taxonomicName id="6FA57CB0773E917C2444F9A91AEFA1B3" lsidName="E. serrata" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="serrata">E. serrata</taxonomicName>
, an ad-apertural view suggests the angular lamella to have an initial hairpin turn which in fact is caused by the lamella being continuous with the angular tooth. A single palatal fold, corresponding with a single, not very deep, external depression, runs for almost an entire whorl from its starting point on the inner wall above the angular tooth towards the palatal peristome lip; its termination is obscured by a swelling of the palatal lip. In transparent shells the internal lamella can be externally seen starting above the peristome as far as the point which the parietal and palatal walls join. This was confirmed by CT scans of the holotype shell, which also demonstrate the absence of a second palatal fold (Fig. 3
<normalizedToken id="8F7134F92A9D93113AEDBB76279BF378" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6143A5A4469FC6D5725B9FE23B251286" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="47E0BFEE98A4117C359E374A8B0BBFDE" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4EBB1339D40970CB5F3B9E778CF12CCE" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">The area where the species was collected lies at a rather low elevation, less than 100 m. It may have been collected near the Agbokim waterfall.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="761EA44D59198EEF3CD2BB0A0095468F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="61269E50B7872AB426F58BDAEA74195A" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF34878E4455B3F4E21E660FC7506846" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
Although the apertural morphology of the Nigerian shells suggests these to be a member of
<taxonomicName id="92A37F273D471B236162F3A7F9C238CE" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
, they strongly resemble the two known shells of
<taxonomicName id="FF010A813181D387A64501D3167E7706" lsidName="E. serrata" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="serrata">E. serrata</taxonomicName>
in overall morphology and are obviously closely related.
<bibRefCitation id="7F856A21A5E6710898BD5B4BAB8CBA61" author="Pilsbry, HA" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 370" title="A review of the land mollusks of the Belgian Congo chiefly based on the collection of the American Museum of Natural History Congo Expedition, 1909 - 1915." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53716" volume="40" year="1919">
<normalizedToken id="2A03F5B27C9541A11BCBB72D70E3116B" originalValue="Pilsbry’s">Pilsbry's</normalizedToken>
(1919)
</bibRefCitation>
characters defining
<taxonomicName id="84E01F3EDE2595CFC47A4D2203BFFA4C" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Ennea</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="91447381CE34A4BB9A0B7ADA54958333" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
do not appear to delimit natural groups of species. Both taxa exhibit the same variation in shell shape, the shells are either cylindrical or elongate ovoid (cf. Figs 1A, 2A, Figs 1G, 2F).
<taxonomicName id="59F1464ACDEEE42E5EB072DDBDE0DD95" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea nigeriensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">Ennea nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
is rather variable in shell height, but on average considerably shorter (Table 1). One exceptionally tall specimen is only a trifle shorter than the shells of
<taxonomicName id="D80B2504A98E306FCCAF9B2081888A20" lsidName="E. serrata" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="serrata">E. serrata</taxonomicName>
, but is substantially (20%) less wide (Fig. 2
<normalizedToken id="DD1B0733ACAFA899CA8B67AAB578E7DA" originalValue="K–M">K-M</normalizedToken>
; Table 1). In the two known shells of
<taxonomicName id="9205DA1CAF1B8BE7D7591DFEC35A7245" lsidName="E. serrata" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="serrata">E. serrata</taxonomicName>
, the upper half of the palatal lip is more strongly receding than in
<taxonomicName id="2B872FB1EFC32C4BF4E0156CCB06D7CE" lsidName="nigeriensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
shells. The distance between the known localities of the two taxa is c. 200 km. Further collecting, especially of live snails, is required to test the taxonomic decisions taken.
</paragraph>
<caption id="266B32DFC7EC08E296986762D49DD91E" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
<paragraph id="7831DB0797A3A315ED2679153CF89393" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
Figure 1. Different views of holotype shells of
<taxonomicName id="131B628A4E673262E5F65747A7DA3875" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea serrata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serrata">Ennea serrata</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="CD06A3EC6C810C9B54AC6CCA3E1280EF" originalValue="d’Ailly">d'Ailly</normalizedToken>
, 1896 (
<normalizedToken id="BE29C910DCCE95013EC12C43D8822BE7" originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
SMNH Type-956) and
<taxonomicName id="8F0D0032A570F72B9B3D0B4A296A00B9" lsidName="E. nigeriensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">E. nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (
<normalizedToken id="EBAED75C1C241BBEB19F01BE62F83F6A" originalValue="G–K">G-K</normalizedToken>
RMNH.MOL.341194). Scale bar: 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="86601840A61EA30545E7840B9CA17010" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
<paragraph id="E49F5422B2EED8FCEB2D407B43611969" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
Figure 2. Different views of voucher specimens of
<taxonomicName id="BA3CD5BDEF6BF0F11931C1F3410B6C66" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea serrata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serrata">Ennea serrata</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="196B2ABB0104FE698748DE49EF4C5D85" originalValue="d’Ailly">d'Ailly</normalizedToken>
, 1896 from Musake Haus, Mount Cameroon (
<normalizedToken id="3A1729D3E88B8167B09FF8388749EA46" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
ZMB 101777) and
<taxonomicName id="9614F63675333D209EC3D98CA4D0D332" lsidName="E. nigeriensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">E. nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (
<normalizedToken id="42BD8E72C2A0963CACE16C67DAFBA5FF" originalValue="F–J">F-J</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken id="0472E7E6C4A515FF0BD9F1DC62029C2E" originalValue="K–M">K-M</normalizedToken>
RMNH.MOL.341195). Scale bar: 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D0AC0859F2861C600393143D3F30C511" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="357CB8489BF8500A1070C6E3FA95A108" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea nigeriensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">Ennea nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
superficially resembles
<taxonomicName id="39D69DA2C94D1AEBC9CA091E71670F20" lsidName="E. okei" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="okei">E. okei</taxonomicName>
(de Winter, 1996), which is a much larger species with a short angular lamella, as well as a quite different internal shell morphology (unpublished CT data).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="333E9238D1DA333BDCF3E52C7C53853E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="E3146CFF2CCA0F5F1A15223A57A7039E" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea nigeriensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">Ennea nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
may be attributed to
<taxonomicName id="0DE174FDF439FFA3F7F381C0A1536330" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
, but differs substantially from other species attributed to this taxon. The species is larger than most
<taxonomicName id="FC599F65F36C3138C3A5D66935B74E9E" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
species known to date. Only
<taxonomicName id="9C8B3C9A922BA8F961C65A7D02763528" lsidName="P. circumcisa" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="circumcisa">P. circumcisa</taxonomicName>
(Morelet, 1885),
<taxonomicName id="D6BE9F66B2C379E234F8FB0093CEB1A2" lsidName="P. usambarensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="usambarensis">P. usambarensis</taxonomicName>
(Verdcourt,
<pageBreakToken id="5C89B84C34271652A37E7CBD1B0F13CD" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" start="start">1958</pageBreakToken>
),
<taxonomicName id="7CDABB332F3DCD7EED50F384B24D8B8F" lsidName="P. sperabilis" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="sperabilis">P. sperabilis</taxonomicName>
(Preston, 1910), and
<taxonomicName id="C75FD378D79A6F80F57C4812504FF5D5" lsidName="P. connollyi" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="connollyi">P. connollyi</taxonomicName>
(Dupuis &amp; Putzeys, 1922) possess shells larger than 5 mm. Judging from the available illustrations and descriptions,
<taxonomicName id="E0CDFF73B632DE31DCC4A8F135842FCC" lsidName="P. usambarensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="usambarensis">P. usambarensis</taxonomicName>
from eastern Tanzania is somewhat similar in shape, size and in peristome morphology; its shell has strong ribs that extend over the entire whorl and is more tightly coiled, its palatal tooth seems sharper (resulting in a more sharply protruding lip in lateral view), and the palatal lamella seems to extend less far into the body whorl (
<bibRefCitation id="449DD0B2319EFED0575DC764F0A79B37" author="Adam, W" journalOrPublisher="Etudes du continent africain" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 79" title="Revision du sous-genre Parennea Pilsbry du genre Ptychotrema Moerch (Mollusca-Pulmonata-Streptaxidae)." volume="5" year="1978">Adam and Van Goethem 1978</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A7E7D432163FC3BE3A1958B904AC3457" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
<paragraph id="FCBCDE7800FEDC017E1DDF1EC7DEAFC7" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
Figure 3. Computerised tomographic images of holotype shells of
<taxonomicName id="8A1CF5569236CDF92388592506A3A4EB" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea serrata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serrata">Ennea serrata</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="2556982D6BADC0F333E700D2B8EDD805" originalValue="d’Ailly">d'Ailly</normalizedToken>
, 1896 (
<normalizedToken id="91D4CD16B7359440E4BC0E2643958F99" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
SMNH Type-956) and
<taxonomicName id="5C83445EDD8A3A3FC31273887FDA45A3" lsidName="E. nigeriensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">E. nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (
<normalizedToken id="FF22363DC56246D62FE3BC275D77B6B2" originalValue="F–J">F-J</normalizedToken>
RMNH.MOL. 341194). A, F external shell in frontal view B, G internal shell in frontal view C, H internal view of body whorl, showing columella, angular lamella, and palatal fold(s) (indicated by arrow) D, I view of body whorl ceiling, showing course of angular lamella
<normalizedToken id="580F78ED39C3FE72E00D21CEA11F2A44" originalValue="E–J">E-J</normalizedToken>
ad-apertural view in body whorl, showing course of angular lamella. Holotype shells are of different dimensions but are scaled to approximately the same size here.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSection id="C0C40A33B5C57F4E13016B5A91C60FD1" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" type="the identity of ptychotrema (parennea) sulciferum sensu degner in liberia">
<paragraph id="49FD3C0D94225B8AC9C4BC2E1CA3950D" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
The identity of
<taxonomicName id="C6AA78F4ACF1448C56C7F8D1B33A6DAF" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ptychotrema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychotrema (Parennea) sulciferum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulciferum" subGenus="Parennea">Ptychotrema (Parennea) sulciferum</taxonomicName>
sensu Degner in Liberia
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD329C14540BC2367945FC964FC5B10E" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
Degner recorded
<taxonomicName id="1DBCBB5C19D28B8BA416A869E3F5BC8C" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ptychotrema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychotrema (Parennea) sulciferum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulciferum" subGenus="Parennea">Ptychotrema (Parennea) sulciferum</taxonomicName>
(Morelet, 1884) from Du River, Liberia and provided line drawings of three shells (
<bibRefCitation id="9932F12762811ED0B0073147F20D83A1" author="Degner, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="369 - 379" title="Streptaxiden aus Liberia." volume="24" year="1934 b">Degner 1934b</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 8). This species was described from Landana, Cabinda (exclave of Angola), and later recorded from Angola, Uganda (
<bibRefCitation id="8F9907FF779A40EA2D3830B23DAC804C" author="van Bruggen, AC" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlanse Akademie van Wetenschappen C" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 56" title="Studies on Parennea (MolluscaPulmonata, Streptaxidae) additional to the revision by Adam &amp; Van Goethem, 1978." volume="92" year="1989">van Bruggen 1989</bibRefCitation>
) and Cameroon (
<bibRefCitation id="68230574BB7A8354DA9C6B4C8AD7535B" author="de Winter, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="215 - 222" title="Notes on Parennea species from Western Africa, including descriptions of two new species (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Streptaxidae)." volume="72" year="2008">de Winter 2008</bibRefCitation>
). The Liberian record was not addressed in two major
<taxonomicName id="C0353F49E6C50EE90D41E177799FE1F8" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
studies (
<bibRefCitation id="96F343E0D958DB7E9436AA67E9AA4E33" author="Adam, W" journalOrPublisher="Etudes du continent africain" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 79" title="Revision du sous-genre Parennea Pilsbry du genre Ptychotrema Moerch (Mollusca-Pulmonata-Streptaxidae)." volume="5" year="1978">Adam and Van Goethem 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="28550853F6C0C9C7A5E0DE2E248142B6" author="van Bruggen, AC" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlanse Akademie van Wetenschappen C" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 56" title="Studies on Parennea (MolluscaPulmonata, Streptaxidae) additional to the revision by Adam &amp; Van Goethem, 1978." volume="92" year="1989">van Bruggen 1989</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="A0490939D222CD7F639BF460AD3048AA" author="de Winter, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="215 - 222" title="Notes on Parennea species from Western Africa, including descriptions of two new species (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Streptaxidae)." volume="72" year="2008">De Winter (2008)</bibRefCitation>
refuted
<normalizedToken id="2D0CA2ED17958DC2881C89520F8CE588" originalValue="Degner’s">Degner's</normalizedToken>
specific identification and suggested the Liberian shells to belong to an as yet unknown
<taxonomicName id="2AF8529699EA22326C19FE1D9A74AC13" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
species. In
<normalizedToken id="807E1D23F88ECCB4B2F9472B209AF1B9" originalValue="Degner’s">Degner's</normalizedToken>
drawings the characteristic acuminate apex of
<taxonomicName id="E8716A46B96673F804D88A5D4C4CF45B" lsidName="P. sulcifera" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="sulcifera">P. sulcifera</taxonomicName>
is lacking, but they do show a single palatal fold on the last whorl characteristic for
<taxonomicName id="1902E98C452590894D2AB02FEE24C62C" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
species.
<normalizedToken id="8853DF28C92BDBE5ED298A6C05750177" originalValue="Degner’s">Degner's</normalizedToken>
material was collected by Joseph Bequaert and could be borrowed from his collection in MCZ. Study of the three specimens revealed the presence of a second palatal fold and a shallow and easily overlooked additional furrow on the back of the shell (Fig. 4D, E). These characters assign the species to
<taxonomicName id="D51957B0857B7F3CBF1931B037A3A724" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Ennea</taxonomicName>
rather than
<taxonomicName id="581208F322873744F3A6D6FB25E02DC5" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E750028FA3AD98C37DAB6C9250F14419" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
An attempt to identify
<normalizedToken id="3DD8E4BB737F6436A1274790A60BE8CF" originalValue="Degner’s">Degner's</normalizedToken>
specimens with a known
<taxonomicName id="718EF0AD2AF7F98D87802B6687FC1529" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Ennea</taxonomicName>
species revealed a strong resemblance to shell drawings that Degner provided in another publication (
<bibRefCitation id="F6E5076A343921467A709B2458F130F2" author="Degner, E" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher, Abteilung fuer Systematik, Oekologie und Geographie der Thiere" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="209 - 308" title="Westafrikanische Landschnecken. I. Streptaxiden, Helicarioniden, Vaginuliden." volume="65" year="1934 a">Degner 1934a</bibRefCitation>
) as
<taxonomicName id="957124A7EA08DCDFE51C0EE130B9F018" lsidName="Pt. (E.) elegantulum" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="elegantulum" subGenus="E.">Pt. (E.) elegantulum</taxonomicName>
(L Pfeiffer, 1846). However, in the very same paper in which
<taxonomicName id="E233485E2A892BF3808FE9A71CC821BF" lsidName="P. sulcifera" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="sulcifera">P. sulcifera</taxonomicName>
was reported,
<bibRefCitation id="84FBA92C476FCC7AF417CC6EC4CC3AE8" author="Degner, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="369 - 379" title="Streptaxiden aus Liberia." volume="24" year="1934 b">Degner (1934b</bibRefCitation>
: 372, footnote) corrected his previous identification of
<taxonomicName id="8ABBD2A240633752DB6117823E667822" lsidName="Pt. (E.) elegantulum" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="elegantulum" subGenus="E.">Pt. (E.) elegantulum</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="90DF372DFE3BB97D136778E21899BB0D" lsidName="Pt. (E.) thompsonae" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="thompsonae" subGenus="E.">Pt. (E.) thompsonae</taxonomicName>
Connolly, 1928. Curiously, in the same paper in which
<bibRefCitation id="05666CC55C6CEE61AB2C70493E621B40" author="Degner, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="369 - 379" title="Streptaxiden aus Liberia." volume="24" year="1934 b">Degner (1934b)</bibRefCitation>
reported
<taxonomicName id="35BDE1A8CEB6E42E74BF2E5DF053D8CB" lsidName="P. sulcifera" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="sulcifera">P. sulcifera</taxonomicName>
from Du River, he also recorded
<taxonomicName id="1244A177E7444B9E9C36DE8C48FEB2B4" lsidName="E. thompsonae" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="thompsonae">E. thompsonae</taxonomicName>
from that locality. Obviously an error occurred. It seems likely that all shells from Du River belong to the same species. We assume that Degner misidentified the three shells as
<taxonomicName id="52D6CA458D729F4A468D2142BAD41DAE" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
due to their unusual small size and rather eroded state, largely (but not completely) obscuring the characteristic (for
<taxonomicName id="D328C8A16EC10F2E9F85D15BB6B2B924" lsidName="E. thompsonae" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="thompsonae">E. thompsonae</taxonomicName>
) crenulated suture. We provisionally identify this species as
<taxonomicName id="1856CE57ED6A877AF087C40D16543EC9" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea thompsonae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="thompsonae">Ennea cf. thompsonae</taxonomicName>
, as the shells from Du River are noticeably smaller than the type material of this species from Sierra Leone (see Connolly 1928).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BFA70D55C55A6BFBBDF0D2D052F6F7A9" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
Although
<bibRefCitation id="773F6E2BCCE2E4F46DC0CA7E79A4F37F" author="Degner, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="369 - 379" title="Streptaxiden aus Liberia." volume="24" year="1934 b">Degner (1934b)</bibRefCitation>
acknowledged that his previously published description and figure of the genital anatomy of
<taxonomicName id="5437915E843BC024ED5B0A3EAA66B3A3" lsidName="Pt. (E.) elegantulum" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="elegantulum" subGenus="E.">Pt. (E.) elegantulum</taxonomicName>
actually related to
<taxonomicName id="2658E7F9AFBA5D96D70671D341D9755E" lsidName="E. thompsonae" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="thompsonae">E. thompsonae</taxonomicName>
, some subsequent authors were apparently unaware of
<normalizedToken id="D4DC2618218B2383FF849E9D228362E0" originalValue="Degner’s">Degner's</normalizedToken>
correction (but not
<bibRefCitation id="126D58FD103E9965DBBF6B9CDE357284" author="Adam, W" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'lnstitut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Biologie" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="71 - 97" title="Etudes sur les mollusques terrestres de l'Afrique a partir des notes de feu le Dr William Adam. 2. Ptychotrema (Ennea) H. &amp; A. Adams, 1855 (GastropodaPulmonata: Streptaxidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3668378" volume="64" year="1994">Adam et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
). For instance,
<bibRefCitation id="19687FBA8C8AD477E9F260BCC2320281" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica Supplement" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="731 - 880" title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 6: Rhytididae, Chlamydephoridae, Systrophiidae, Haplotrematidae, Streptaxidae, Spiraxidae, Olecinidae, Testacellidae." volume="2" year="2000">Schileyko (2000</bibRefCitation>
: 798, fig. 1040) based his anatomical characterization of
<taxonomicName id="C76770EB2AC4370BA7615000A3E86A46" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Ennea</taxonomicName>
on
<bibRefCitation id="A436248696FF4035E4F53C49E44BF8AD" author="Degner, E" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher, Abteilung fuer Systematik, Oekologie und Geographie der Thiere" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="209 - 308" title="Westafrikanische Landschnecken. I. Streptaxiden, Helicarioniden, Vaginuliden." volume="65" year="1934 a">
<normalizedToken id="7306942E001857816BC85DB3E1BAD62D" originalValue="Degner’s">Degner's</normalizedToken>
(1934a)
</bibRefCitation>
illustration of
<taxonomicName id="78EEFBA86C06E06805CB957D83907AFB" lsidName="E. elegantula" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="elegantula">E. elegantula</taxonomicName>
, thus
<pageBreakToken id="251F49736C3B104AF25550AE5A36693D" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" start="start">on</pageBreakToken>
<taxonomicName id="6E82B5F8665C149B0212E8CA932C61D2" lsidName="E. thompsonae" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="thompsonae">E. thompsonae</taxonomicName>
(but provided a drawing of a correctly identified shell). Also
<bibRefCitation id="5D86FF23FF1A04E75ABE582E381FFB34" author="Binder, E" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="13 - 31" title="La reserve Naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba 1. Mollusques." url="https://doi.org/10.1086/404274" volume="66" year="1963">Binder (1963)</bibRefCitation>
illustrated the genital anatomy of
<taxonomicName id="2C0D9447E8CEB40DE06469CBC99B3D64" lsidName="E. elegantula" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="elegantula">E. elegantula</taxonomicName>
with
<normalizedToken id="C085D9C7AB13D7BA271B80FF75BF088F" originalValue="Degner’s">Degner's</normalizedToken>
drawings, but provided shell drawings of what appears to be true
<taxonomicName id="07C9C18CE886E5510ED8E7D1FC3B5B1A" lsidName="E. elegantula" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="elegantula">E. elegantula</taxonomicName>
(as did
<bibRefCitation id="1FFF5C5D2AD3EC15E282A8CAF8355BB9" author="Daget, J" editor="Lamotte, M" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="183 - 209" title="Les Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles du mont Nimba." url="https://doi.org/10.3377/004.049.0103" volume="190" volumeTitle="Le peuplement animal du mont Nimba (Guinee, Cote d'Ivoire, Liberia)." year="2003">Daget 2003</bibRefCitation>
, who copied
<normalizedToken id="2AEFE283AC6CEFB631ACD10EDF5DF3CA" originalValue="Binder’s">Binder's</normalizedToken>
figures). Remarkably little is known of the type species of
<taxonomicName id="6A881580E9710D073B528680310A3B3C" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Ennea</taxonomicName>
, including its anatomy and distribution.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D5E7E5364AF40BF84E72F0BC09D45520" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<paragraph id="8259BA1DF03BFA89035F5F50F156C999" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
Figure 4.
<normalizedToken id="F37668C5B6834A3F9BE30083F99C2BC7" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
Shells of
<taxonomicName id="32E18CEA290F740A2B24F946339B23EF" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea thompsonae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="thompsonae">Ennea cf. thompsonae</taxonomicName>
Connolly from Du River, Liberia (MCZ 77331), identified and illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="8EB50B11B318F71869CECF9239C683CB" author="Degner, E" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="369 - 379" title="Streptaxiden aus Liberia." volume="24" year="1934 b">Degner (1934b</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 8
<normalizedToken id="614F0B78830A7ED1C052EA3D16518772" originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
) as
<taxonomicName id="3904E34D8CADF55E0D7A0586BEE73CF7" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ptychotrema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychotrema (Parennea) sulciferum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulciferum" subGenus="Parennea">Ptychotrema (Parennea) sulciferum</taxonomicName>
. D, E enlarged views of body whorl of shell C arrows pointing to second external furrow (D) and second palatal fold in aperture (E). Scale bar: 2 mm (
<normalizedToken id="B172ACC67F7712261F6AD0CE14ABFD3D" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSection>
<subSection id="FB7B82D925DA44A56CE3F977CB5985E4" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="the identity of ptychotrema (parennea) aequatoriale sensu van bruggen in nigeria">
<paragraph id="6BE9323BF823AFD07000E84516B844D4" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<pageBreakToken id="4854A8E12C4316BD14C558E89515F41B" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
identity of
<taxonomicName id="998B98F00164AD80D1D2E1DD49D2044B" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ptychotrema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychotrema (Parennea) aequatoriale" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aequatoriale" subGenus="Parennea">Ptychotrema (Parennea) aequatoriale</taxonomicName>
sensu van Bruggen in Nigeria
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944CEC3743ED1C4D09169EE2B3A293C0" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation id="AB8158ACB90541386BF78E9D900D0960" author="van Bruggen, AC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="71 - 72" title="Bridging the gap: Parennea (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae) in Nigeria." volume="34" year="1991">Van Bruggen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
identified a single damaged shell from Kwale, Nigeria, as
<taxonomicName id="51DC2384B54F43D89606B3FC2F22F10C" lsidName="Pt. (Parennea) aequatoriale" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="aequatoriale" subGenus="Parennea">Pt. (Parennea) aequatoriale</taxonomicName>
Pilsbry, 1919, a species originally described from the Ituri forest in the eastern DR Congo. This species was subsequently recorded from various other Nigerian localities (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="B6933AABC52633EF55AEE8132EC65CC6" author="Oke, OC" journalOrPublisher="African Scientist" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="134 - 141" title="The land snail diversity in a square kilometer of tropical rainforest in Okomu National Park, Edo State, Nigeria." volume="7" year="2006">Oke and Alohan 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="870A582BDFBF6720F1D0230A09516785" author="Oke, OC" journalOrPublisher="African Scientist" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="95 - 108" title="The effect of land use on snail species richness and diversity in the tropical rainforest of south-western Nigeria." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2010.01206.x" volume="10" year="2009">Oke and Chokor 2009</bibRefCitation>
). Comparison of the Nigerian specimen studied by van Bruggen (RMNH.MOL.273794, Fig. 5
<normalizedToken id="9C861AA2AFF3FAECD5F9C0677AC8E445" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
) with drawings of the holotype shell of
<taxonomicName id="E3A04F9F7B75F46D55054E3EC6CDF458" lsidName="P. aequatorialis" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">P. aequatorialis</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9ED6034228BE16BDC93B74FAD97997A2" author="Pilsbry, HA" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 370" title="A review of the land mollusks of the Belgian Congo chiefly based on the collection of the American Museum of Natural History Congo Expedition, 1909 - 1915." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53716" volume="40" year="1919">Pilsbry 1919</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 83) and shell drawings in
<bibRefCitation id="8D34FE2EDA94D468D78C8AAACDA290B3" author="Adam, W" journalOrPublisher="Etudes du continent africain" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 79" title="Revision du sous-genre Parennea Pilsbry du genre Ptychotrema Moerch (Mollusca-Pulmonata-Streptaxidae)." volume="5" year="1978">Adam and Van Goethem (1978</bibRefCitation>
, figs 20, 21) shows significant differences. We illustrate a specimen
<taxonomicName id="4E06D0C974B8F5314B2D88DD9D27A310" lsidName="P. aequatorialis" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">P. aequatorialis</taxonomicName>
from Yanongo, eastern DR Congo (Fig. 5
<normalizedToken id="8C2A424671D3FB9DE766741D5B4B0B1D" originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
). The Nigerian shell is similar in size (4.1
<normalizedToken id="D86C6F8C068D627ED4B65F990FFA553B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.2 mm), but differs in its more elongate shape, much less acuminate apex, wider umbilicus, and less distant ribbing on the teleoconch without spiral sculpture in the interstices. However, the most significant difference is the presence of a second palatal fold and correspond
<pageBreakToken id="3D65B542C1A2136D4552BE5A945CAF1D" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" start="start">ing</pageBreakToken>
second external furrow, indicating that this species cannot be a
<taxonomicName id="BF09DC9E007330988D3CF29F4692BB1E" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Parennea</taxonomicName>
, but by definition, is a species of
<taxonomicName id="907DAD2211679E34E620490F891254B6" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Ennea</taxonomicName>
. The Nigerian specimen resembles the original illustration of
<taxonomicName id="2A5C5535A29547014AFE41BE16F13385" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea perforata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perforata">Ennea perforata</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="A691592C103900B7394EBE27125CD00C" originalValue="d’Ailly">d'Ailly</normalizedToken>
, 1896, a not uncommon, but surprisingly little known species that was described on the basis of a single shell from an unknown locality in Cameroon. This species has been reported from various localities in Cameroon (
<bibRefCitation id="F22550F57FB80C501A69722A277BD1D6" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Jaeckel 1956</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F2BC67506B2907A5460813ECE34974C2" author="de Winter, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="231 - 250" title="The land snail fauna of a square kilometer patch of rainforest in southwestern Cameroon: high species richness, low abundance and seasonal fluctuations." volume="40" year="1998">de Winter and Gittenberger 1998</bibRefCitation>
) as well as from Bioko (
<bibRefCitation id="F03CCE9B88F0DA91CD6E41E99ABE523F" author="Germain, L" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13096" year="1916">Germain 1916</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7037CFF2DC7E69BBFB3755E4385F4D86" author="Ortiz de Zarate Lopez, A" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de Ia Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="75 - 140" title="Contribuciones al conocimiento de Ia fauna malacologica terrestre de Ia isla de Fernando Poo. II. - Familia Streptaxidae." volume="53" year="1956">Ortiz de Zarate Lopez and Ortiz de Zarate Rocandio 1956</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="61B9EED2F502F2C903D81F7127BC6390" author="Wronski, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="161 - 168" title="Species richness and meta-community structure of land snails along an altitudinal gradient on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyu008" volume="80" year="2014">Wronski et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). We tentatively identify the Nigerian specimen as
<taxonomicName id="12B5A69CC6CD0508698908D1C379EE2B" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea perforata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perforata">Ennea cf. perforata</taxonomicName>
in view of the variability of the Nigerian and Cameroonian material (unpublished data), and the unclear status of some similar nominal species. A revision of this species group is in preparation.
</paragraph>
<caption id="06E2A1F0CCF42D40BC879E46E8817629" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
<paragraph id="19DCBF0B50CB3D2AFF0BDF4A5C1D1695" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
Figure 5.
<normalizedToken id="4220FADF689169A06682C82C7B5B70A6" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
Shell of
<taxonomicName id="D124C5DAD9B4D64238B32D6F292B1D71" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea perforata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perforata">Ennea cf. perforata</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="092A7E68FB78CB2436E37000F2F0EB28" originalValue="d’Ailly">d'Ailly</normalizedToken>
reported by
<bibRefCitation id="5D825290F716A7525E6DC90746C0F0F4" author="van Bruggen, AC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="71 - 72" title="Bridging the gap: Parennea (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae) in Nigeria." volume="34" year="1991">van Bruggen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="06D9E21C4E028F4C3B4AEB72E6EE3837" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ptychotrema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychotrema (Parennea) aequatoriale" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aequatoriale" subGenus="Parennea">Ptychotrema (Parennea) aequatoriale</taxonomicName>
.
<normalizedToken id="44DEB47E8E01F04E924F472818CA54B3" originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
shell of
<taxonomicName id="F38F6EB554EC37EC964DA0FC8FA1463D" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Parennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parennea equatorialis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="equatorialis">Parennea equatorialis</taxonomicName>
(Pilsbry, 1919) from Yanongo, DR of Congo (RMNH.MOL.273704). Scale bar: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSection>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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