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<document id="EDDA4FBE4D4094977BA361330B5034A6" ID-DOI="10.17161/jom.v0i12.4480" ID-ISSN="2325-4467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13737259" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1722893447241" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Montalva, José, Allendes, Juan L. &amp; Lucia, Mariano" docDate="2013" docId="2D7C8A1DFE467318FE94F9EA793BFA2D" docLanguage="en" docName="JMelittology.2013.12.1-6.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Melittology 2013 (12)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i12.4480" docStyle="DocumentStyle:20C606B715423E98DFED429F4976A416.4:JMelittology.2013-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="20C606B715423E98DFED429F4976A416" docStyleName="JMelittology.2013-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) augusti Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau 1841" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="D145F265FE47731BFFB0FF837866FFB4" masterDocTitle="The large carpenter bee Xylocopa augusti (Hymenoptera: Apidae): New record for Chile" masterLastPageNumber="6" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1725894244116" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
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<mods:title id="EFD8C1001A9D87A3EE029213C8963D0F">The large carpenter bee Xylocopa augusti (Hymenoptera: Apidae): New record for Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0D0D3E7BF6BFB741EDE1389C16C8F207" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7CC16DADE6B5B1F4CFBC1658684E362A">Montalva, José</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E073EC3D16C00FDC92B0948F3F8FFA63">7056 Cyrus Canyon Road, Kernville, California 93238, USA (montalva. jose @ gmail. com).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0BD11463CAC3BCC914751CF6BF6A5976">Allendes, Juan L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="643D36AED2763A3807DB4DEABB263651">Paul Harris 603, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile (jrallend @ gmail. com).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F57FBCA5CFF35AC627CC6921441CC2C3">Lucia, Mariano</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1F5C5641F7FF2E19A174CABCA21AD8C1">División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s / n, 1900 FWA, La Plata, Argentina (mlucia @ fcnym. unlp. edu. ar).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C462DA0A132FBDA9B5A1F5D017C5D09C">Journal of Melittology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="160B2119FF8C4F5DA49291BA670CA60C">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3D05CBB7E6131B790253B0698B30FF79">12</mods:number>
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<treatment id="2D7C8A1DFE467318FE94F9EA793BFA2D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13737265" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13737265" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2D7C8A1DFE467318FE94F9EA793BFA2D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2D7C8A1DFE467318FE94F9EA793BFA2D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<subSubSection id="EDCF6880FE46731AFE94F9EA7C6AF935" box="[292,1036,1641,1666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A56A3B0BFE46731AFE94F9EA7C6AF935" blockId="1.[292,1036,1609,1697]" box="[292,1036,1641,1666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<heading id="FE228C67FE46731AFE94F9EA7C6AF935" box="[292,1036,1641,1666]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE46731AFE94F9EA7C6AF935" ID-CoL="5CKPG" authority="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1841" authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau" authorityYear="1841" box="[292,1036,1641,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augusti" subGenus="Neoxylocopa">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE46731AFE94F9EA79E1F935" box="[292,391,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Xylocopa</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE46731AFE27F9EA7A79F935" box="[407,543,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Neoxylocopa</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE46731AFD9FF9E97AE6F935" box="[559,640,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">augusti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C14446FAFE46731AFD37F9EA7C6AF935" author="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, A. L. M." box="[647,1036,1641,1666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref2393" refString="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, A. L. M. 1841. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes - Hymenopteres [Volume 2]. Roret; Paris, France; 680 pp." type="book" year="1841">Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1841</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EDCF6880FE46731AFDECF90A7AB2F915" box="[604,724,1673,1697]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="A56A3B0BFE46731AFDECF90A7AB2F915" blockId="1.[292,1036,1609,1697]" box="[604,724,1673,1697]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
(
<figureCitation id="3DEE278EFE46731AFDD4F90A7AAAF915" box="[612,716,1673,1697]" captionStart-0="Figures 1–2" captionStart-1="Figures 3–4" captionStartId-0="1.[160,241,601,623]" captionStartId-1="2.[160,241,1705,1727]" captionTargetBox-0="[160,1168,224,589]" captionTargetBox-1="[203,1125,224,1682]" captionTargetId-0="figure-403@1.[160,1168,224,589]" captionTargetId-1="figure-48@2.[203,1125,224,1682]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="Figures 1–2. Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) augusti Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau. 1. Female. 2. Male on Passiflora sp. (Passifloraceae)." captionText-1="Figures 3–4. Distribution of Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) augusti Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau. 3. New record in central Chile (Santiago, Metropolitan area). 4. South American countries (in gray) from which this species is currently known (Moure, 2007)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13737261" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13737263" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13737261/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13737263/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EDCF6880FE467318FF60F94A7A4DFD0D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A56A3B0BFE467318FF60F94A7924FECD" blockId="1.[160,1168,1737,1793]" lastBlockId="3.[160,1175,225,1433]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
DIAGNOSIS: Females of
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE46731AFE57F9497A3CF955" box="[487,602,1738,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augusti">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE46731AFE57F949799CF955" box="[487,506,1738,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">X</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE46731AFDB9F9497A3CF955" box="[521,602,1738,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">augusti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are large, robust bees,
<quantity id="622D96EEFE46731AFCDEF94A7B81F955" box="[878,999,1737,1761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="23.0">23‒28 mm</quantity>
long, and can be distinguished easily from all other large carpenter bees in
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE46731AFCD6F96A7BC1F8B5" box="[870,935,1769,1793]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Chile</collectingCountry>
, including
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE46731AFB98F9697CECF8B5" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1914" box="[1064,1162,1769,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruesi">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE46731AFB98F9697C5DF8B5" box="[1064,1083,1770,1793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">X</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE46731AFBF8F96A7CECF8B5" box="[1096,1162,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">bruesi</emphasis>
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, by the black body integument with conspicuous ferruginous setae along the sides and apex of the metasoma and the wings dark brown with violet iridescence (
<figureCitation id="3DEE278EFE447318FBBFFE827C37FEAD" box="[1039,1105,257,281]" captionStart="Figures 1–2" captionStartId="1.[160,241,601,623]" captionTargetBox="[160,1168,224,589]" captionTargetId="figure-403@1.[160,1168,224,589]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 1–2. Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) augusti Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau. 1. Female. 2. Male on Passiflora sp. (Passifloraceae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13737261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13737261/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). As in other species of
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FE30FEA27AE4FE8D" authority="Michener" authorityName="Michener" box="[384,642,289,313]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Neoxylocopa">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FE30FEA27A6EFE8D" box="[384,520,289,313]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Neoxylocopa</emphasis>
Michener
</taxonomicName>
, males (
<figureCitation id="3DEE278EFE447318FD53FEA27B43FE8D" box="[739,805,289,313]" captionStart="Figures 1–2" captionStartId="1.[160,241,601,623]" captionTargetBox="[160,1168,224,589]" captionTargetId="figure-403@1.[160,1168,224,589]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 1–2. Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) augusti Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau. 1. Female. 2. Male on Passiflora sp. (Passifloraceae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13737261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13737261/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) are tawny and have two well separated tufts of setae on the ventral surface of the metatibia (
<bibRefCitation id="C14446FAFE447318FC39FEC27C4EFEED" author="Brethes, J." box="[905,1064,321,345]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="407 - 421" refId="ref2084" refString="Brethes, J. 1916. Le genre &quot; Xylocopa &quot; Latreille dans la Republique Argentine. Physis, Buenos Aires 2: 407 - 421." type="journal article" year="1916">Brèthes, 1916</bibRefCitation>
; Hurd &amp; Moure, 1961).
</paragraph>
<caption id="F1AA6B83FE457319FF10F92A7B6FF94C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13737263" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13737263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13737263/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[160,241,1705,1727]" targetBox="[203,1125,224,1682]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="A56A3B0BFE457319FF10F92A7B6FF94C" blockId="2.[160,1166,1705,1785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE457319FF10F92A7947F90A" bold="true" box="[160,289,1705,1727]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figures 3–4.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE457319FE60F92A7C5EF90B" authority="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau." authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau." box="[464,1080,1705,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augusti" subGenus="Neoxylocopa">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE457319FE60F92A7A4FF90A" box="[464,553,1705,1726]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Xylocopa</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE457319FD87F92A7AD4F90A" box="[567,690,1705,1726]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Neoxylocopa</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE457319FD70F9297B6FF90B" box="[704,777,1706,1727]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">augusti</emphasis>
Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau.
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE457319FBF3F92A7C30F90A" bold="true" box="[1091,1110,1705,1726]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">3.</emphasis>
New record in central Chile (
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE457319FE2AF9457AE9F968" authority=", Metropolitan" authorityName="Metropolitan" box="[410,655,1734,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Santiago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santiago, Metropolitan</taxonomicName>
area).
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE457319FD6BF9457A88F96F" bold="true" box="[731,750,1734,1755]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">4.</emphasis>
South American countries (in gray) from which this species is currently known (
<bibRefCitation id="C14446FAFE457319FDC6F9607A98F94C" author="Moure, J. S." box="[630,766,1763,1784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="637 - 673" refId="ref2717" refString="Moure, J. S. 2007. Xylocopini Latreille, 1802. In: Moure, J. S., D. Urban, &amp; G. A. R. Melo (Eds.), Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region: 637 - 673. Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia; Curitiba, Brazil; xiv + 1058 pp. [Available and updated online at http: // www. moure. cria. org. br / catalogue; last accessed 4 March 2013]." type="book chapter" year="2007">Moure, 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A56A3B0BFE447318FF60FE017A4DFD0D" blockId="3.[160,1175,225,1433]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<materialsCitation id="15BD3156FE447318FF60FE017A04FDCD" collectingDate="2013-01-24" collectingDateMax="2013-03-01" collectingDateMin="2013-01-24" collectionCode="NEW, RECORDS" collectorName="Figueroa &amp; Vitacura &amp; J. L Allendes &amp; Quinta Normal &amp; A. Figueroa &amp; Specimens" country="Chile" elevation="580" latitude="-33.442036" location="Metropolitan region" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.68171" municipality="Quinta Normal" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1165" specimenCount-female="5">
<collectionCode id="C3C4A3CEFE447318FF60FE017960FE2D" box="[208,262,386,409]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93c9-w2q7" name="University of Newcastle" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">NEW</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="C3C4A3CEFE447318FEAAFE02791CFE2D" box="[282,378,385,409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">RECORDS</collectionCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FE24FE0279B0FE2D" box="[404,470,385,409]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chile</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="B3D3F082FE447318FE5DFE027A68FE2D" box="[493,526,385,409]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, (
<location id="A00A6DD0FE447318FD80FE027B49FE2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2D7C8A1DFE467318FE94F9EA793BFA2D:A00A6DD0FE447318FD80FE027B49FE2D" box="[560,815,385,409]" country="Chile" latitude="-33.442036" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-70.68171" municipality="Quinta Normal" name="Metropolitan region" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Metropolitan region</location>
),
<collectingMunicipality id="450EA171FE447318FCFEFE027C74FE2D" box="[846,1042,385,409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Quinta Normal</collectingMunicipality>
,
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FB9AFE027CF6FE2D" box="[1066,1168,385,409]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Santiago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santiago</taxonomicName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="C0E15DCCFE447318FF18FE237920FE0D" box="[168,326,416,441]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="31.33" value="-33.442036">33°26′31.33″S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C0E15DCCFE447318FEE2FE23799BFE0D" box="[338,509,416,441]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="54.16" value="-70.68171">70°40′54.16″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<specimenCount id="B3D3F082FE447318FDB8FE227A3FFE0D" box="[520,601,417,441]" count="580" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="generic">
<quantity id="622D96EEFE447318FDB8FE227A33FE0D" box="[520,597,417,441]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="580.0">
<elevation id="2EF8DC38FE447318FDB8FE227A33FE0D" box="[520,597,417,441]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="580.0">580 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
a.s.l),
<date id="D16B1DCBFE447318FD2BFE227B42FE0D" box="[667,804,417,441]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-01-24">
<collectingDate id="C12FE423FE447318FD2BFE227B42FE0D" box="[667,804,417,441]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-01-24">24 Jan 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, J.L Allendes-A.
<collectorName id="08205EDDFE447318FC5CFE227C33FE0D" box="[1004,1109,417,441]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figueroa</collectorName>
(foraging
<collectedFrom id="16C978F6FE447318FF5AFE4179B1FE6D" box="[234,471,449,473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
on
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FEA0FE4279B1FE6D" box="[272,471,449,473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FEA0FE4279B1FE6D" box="[272,471,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Passiflora coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
L.);
<specimenCount id="B3D3F082FE447318FDBDFE427A48FE6D" box="[525,558,449,473]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, idem,
<collectorName id="08205EDDFE447318FD37FE427A8DFE6D" box="[647,747,449,473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Vitacura</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="C0E15DCCFE447318FD4BFE437BFFFE6D" box="[763,921,448,473]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="45.05" value="-33.379177">33°22′45.05″S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C0E15DCCFE447318FC15FE437C29FE6D" box="[933,1103,448,473]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="27.81" value="-70.54106">70°32′27.81″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="622D96EEFE447318FBEBFE4278DBFE4D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="2EF8DC38FE447318FBEBFE4278DBFE4D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.a.s.l),
<date id="D16B1DCBFE447318FEB5FE6279F3FE4D" box="[261,405,481,505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-02-10">
<collectingDate id="C12FE423FE447318FEB5FE6279F3FE4D" box="[261,405,481,505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-02-10">10 Feb 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="08205EDDFE447318FE12FE617A55FE4D" box="[418,563,481,505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">J.L Allendes</collectorName>
(foraging
<collectedFrom id="16C978F6FE447318FD03FE617B08FE4D" box="[691,878,481,505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
on
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FD6BFE627B08FE4D" box="[731,878,481,505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FD6BFE627B25FE4D" box="[731,835,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Passiflora</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
L.);
<specimenCount id="B3D3F082FE447318FC17FE627BAFFE4D" box="[935,969,481,505]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, idem,
<collectorName id="08205EDDFE447318FB95FE627CEAFE4D" box="[1061,1164,481,505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Vitacura</collectorName>
, (
<geoCoordinate id="C0E15DCCFE447318FF18FD837920FDAD" box="[168,326,512,537]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="45.05" value="-33.379177">33°22′45.05″S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C0E15DCCFE447318FEE6FD837A66FDAD" box="[342,512,512,537]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="27.81" value="-70.54106">70°32′27.81″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="622D96EEFE447318FDBFFD827A0BFDAD" box="[527,621,513,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="2EF8DC38FE447318FDBFFD827A0BFDAD" box="[527,621,513,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.a.s.l),
<date id="D16B1DCBFE447318FD07FD827B2DFDAD" box="[695,843,513,537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-02-20">
<collectingDate id="C12FE423FE447318FD07FD827B2DFDAD" box="[695,843,513,537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-02-20">20 Feb 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="08205EDDFE447318FCEBFD817B88FDAD" box="[859,1006,513,537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">J.L Allendes</collectorName>
(foraging
<collectedFrom id="16C978F6FE447318FBC2FD8179E3FD8E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
on
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FF10FDA279E3FD8E" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." box="[160,389,545,570]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cleomaceae" genus="Cleome" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FF10FDA27922FD8D" box="[160,324,545,569]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cleome spinosa</emphasis>
Jacq.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
);
<specimenCount id="B3D3F082FE447318FE27FDA279AAFD8D" box="[407,460,545,569]" count="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="08205EDDFE447318FE68FDA27AE8FD8D" box="[472,654,545,569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Quinta Normal</collectorName>
,
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FD29FDA27A99FD8D" box="[665,767,545,569]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Santiago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santiago</taxonomicName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="C0E15DCCFE447318FCBCFDA37BCCFD8D" box="[780,938,544,569]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="31.33" value="-33.442036">33°26′31.33″S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C0E15DCCFE447318FC05FDA37C39FD8D" box="[949,1119,544,569]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="54.16" value="-70.68171">70°40′54.16″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<specimenCount id="B3D3F082FE447318FBD8FDA278A7FDED" count="580" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="generic">
<quantity id="622D96EEFE447318FBD8FDA278DBFDED" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="580.0">
<elevation id="2EF8DC38FE447318FBD8FDA278DBFDED" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="580.0">580 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
a.s.l),
<date id="D16B1DCBFE447318FEB2FDC279C4FDED" box="[258,418,577,601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-03-01">
<collectingDate id="C12FE423FE447318FEB2FDC279C4FDED" box="[258,418,577,601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2013-03-01">1 March 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="08205EDDFE447318FE1CFDC17A51FDED" box="[428,567,577,602]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. Figueroa</collectorName>
(foraging
<collectedFrom id="16C978F6FE447318FD01FDC17BFBFDED" box="[689,925,577,601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
on
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FD66FDC27BFBFDED" box="[726,925,577,601]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FD66FDC27BFBFDED" box="[726,925,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Passiflora coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
).
<collectorName id="08205EDDFE447318FC0AFDC27C5EFDED" box="[954,1080,577,601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Specimens</collectorName>
are deposited in the following institutions in
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="15BD3156FE447318FDD9FDE278ABFD0D" collectionCode="RECORDS" country="Chile" location="Museo Nacional de Historia Natural" municipality="Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educacion" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FDD9FDE27ACDFDCD" box="[617,683,609,633]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chile</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="A00A6DD0FE447318FD05FDE17C02FDCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2D7C8A1DFE467318FE94F9EA793BFA2D:A00A6DD0FE447318FD05FDE17C02FDCD" box="[693,1124,609,633]" country="Chile" municipality="Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educacion" name="Museo Nacional de Historia Natural" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Museo Nacional de Historia Natural</location>
, Instituto de
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FEA5FD0279CAFD2D" box="[277,428,641,665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1" phylum="Entomologia" rank="phylum">Entomología</taxonomicName>
of the
<collectingMunicipality id="450EA171FE447318FE4BFD027CEAFD2D" box="[507,1164,641,665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación</collectingMunicipality>
, and
</materialsCitation>
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FF64FD22792CFD0D" box="[212,330,673,697]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">San Pedro</collectingCountry>
Nolasco,
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FE0EFD227A41FD0D" box="[446,551,673,697]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Santiago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santiago</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EDCF6880FE447318FF60FD427B5BFC6D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="A56A3B0BFE447318FF60FD4279D0FC2D" blockId="3.[160,1175,225,1433]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
FLORAL RECORDS IN
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FE00FD427992FD6D" box="[432,500,705,729]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CHILE</collectingCountry>
: Specimens were collected foraging on flowers of
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FBF1FD427949FD4D" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cleomaceae" genus="Cleome" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FBF1FD427896FD4D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cleome spinosa</emphasis>
Jacq.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FE8DFD6279A9FD4D" box="[317,463,737,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cleomaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cleomaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FE52FD627ACFFD4D" box="[482,681,737,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FE52FD627ACFFD4D" box="[482,681,737,761]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Passiflora coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FD65FD627B1AFD4D" box="[725,892,737,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Passifloraceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FC0FFD627C29FD4D" box="[959,1103,737,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FC0FFD627C41FD4D" box="[959,1063,737,761]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Passiflora</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
Several individuals (males and females) were observed at different locations in
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FB93FC827CEDFCAD" box="[1059,1163,769,793]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Santiago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Santiago</taxonomicName>
, mainly foraging on
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FE21FCA27ADFFC8D" authority="Sims" authorityName="Sims" box="[401,697,801,825]" class="Liliopsida" family="Alstroemeriaceae" genus="Alstroemeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchra">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FE21FCA27A11FC8D" box="[401,631,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Alstroemeria pulchra</emphasis>
Sims
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FD7AFCA27BFAFC8D" box="[714,924,801,825]" class="Liliopsida" family="Alstroemeriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Alstroemeriaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FC01FCA279FCFCED" authority="F. M. Leight" authorityName="F. M. Leight" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Agapanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="praecox" subSpecies="orientalis">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FC01FCA27963FCED" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Agapanthus praecox orientalis</emphasis>
F.M. Leight
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FE1BFCC27A03FCED" box="[427,613,833,857]" class="Liliopsida" family="Agapanthaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Agapanthaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FDCBFCC17BE3FCED" authority="Hook." authorityName="Hook." box="[635,901,833,857]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tucumanensis">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FDCBFCC17AEDFCED" box="[635,651,834,857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FD2CFCC17B54FCED" box="[668,818,834,857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">tucumanensis</emphasis>
Hook.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FC26FCC27C59FCED" box="[918,1087,833,857]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Passifloraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FBE5FCC2795FFCCD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Quillajaceae" genus="Quillaja" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saponaria">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FBE5FCC2795FFCCD" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Quillaja saponaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FEF3FCE27A21FCCD" box="[323,583,865,889]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Molina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Quillajaceae">Molina (Quillajaceae)</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FDE5FCE27B58FCCD" box="[597,830,865,889]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Robinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudoacacia">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FDE5FCE27B58FCCD" box="[597,830,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Robinia pseudoacacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FCC2FCE27B84FCCD" box="[882,994,865,889]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FB80FCE2789EFC2D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispum">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FB80FCE2789EFC2D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Solanum crispum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FE94FC0279CCFC2D" box="[292,426,897,921]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A56A3B0BFE447318FF60FC227B5BFC6D" blockId="3.[160,1175,225,1433]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: This species was previously known from
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FBA2FC227CEAFC0D" box="[1042,1164,929,953]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FF10FC427881FC6D" box="[160,231,961,985]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FF42FC417902FC6E" box="[242,356,962,986]" name="Paraguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FE13FC417A6BFC6E" box="[419,525,962,986]" name="Uruguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C14446FAFE447318FDACFC427AD6FC6D" author="Moure, J. S." box="[540,688,961,985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="637 - 673" refId="ref2717" refString="Moure, J. S. 2007. Xylocopini Latreille, 1802. In: Moure, J. S., D. Urban, &amp; G. A. R. Melo (Eds.), Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region: 637 - 673. Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia; Curitiba, Brazil; xiv + 1058 pp. [Available and updated online at http: // www. moure. cria. org. br / catalogue; last accessed 4 March 2013]." type="book chapter" year="2007">Moure, 2007</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="3DEE278EFE447318FD77FC427B56FC6D" box="[711,816,961,985]" captionStart="Figures 3–4" captionStartId="2.[160,241,1705,1727]" captionTargetBox="[203,1125,224,1682]" captionTargetId="figure-48@2.[203,1125,224,1682]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 3–4. Distribution of Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) augusti Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau. 3. New record in central Chile (Santiago, Metropolitan area). 4. South American countries (in gray) from which this species is currently known (Moure, 2007)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13737263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13737263/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 3, 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EDCF6880FE447318FF60FC62793BFA2D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A56A3B0BFE447318FF60FC62793BFA2D" blockId="3.[160,1175,225,1433]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
COMMENTS: It is well known that many introductions of carpenter bees are accidental, often caused by undetected nests inside of packaging structures in commercial imports (
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FEBCFBA1794DFB8D" box="[268,299,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">e.g</emphasis>
.,
<bibRefCitation id="C14446FAFE447318FE8EFBA279A0FB8D" author="Hurd, P. D., Jr." box="[318,454,1057,1081]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref2347" refString="Hurd, P. D., Jr. 1978. An Annotated Catalog of the Carpenter Bees (Genus Xylocopa Latreille) of the Western Hemisphere. Smithsonian Institution Press; Washington, D. C.; [iii] + 106 pp." type="book" year="1978">Hurd, 1978</bibRefCitation>
). This is probably the case for
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FC80FBA17BC7FB8D" box="[816,929,1058,1081]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augusti">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FC80FBA17B25FB8D" box="[816,835,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">X</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FCE0FBA17BC7FB8D" box="[848,929,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">augusti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species might have been introduced to
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FE61FBC27A76FBED" box="[465,528,1089,1113]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chile</collectingCountry>
from the Atlantic coast facilitated by the high traffic flow between
<collectingRegion id="6711F5E9FE447318FEFAFBE279DFFBCD" box="[330,441,1121,1145]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FE79FBE27A25FBCD" box="[457,579,1121,1145]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Argentina</collectingCountry>
) and
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FD3AFBE27B2DFBCD" box="[650,843,1121,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Santiago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Chile">Santiago (Chile)</taxonomicName>
, via the trans-Andean passage. Presumably natural movement of bees from
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FD4EFB027B5BFB2D" box="[766,829,1153,1177]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chile</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FCD2FB027BBCFB2D" box="[866,986,1153,1177]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Argentina</collectingCountry>
have also been documented in recent years, such as the cases of the non-native bumble bees
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FB8AFB227AE0FB6D" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruderatus" subGenus="Megabombus">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FB8AFB227CF6FB0D" box="[1082,1168,1185,1209]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bombus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FF19FB42795EFB6D" box="[169,312,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Megabombus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FEFCFB4279D3FB6D" box="[332,437,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ruderatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C14446FAFE447318FE78FB427A18FB6D" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[456,638,1217,1241]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref2143" refString="Fabricius, J. C. 1775. Systema Entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Libraria Kortii; Flensburgi et Lipsiae [Flensburg and Leipzig], Germany; xxxii + 832 pp." type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FD79FB417CF6FB6D" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[713,1168,1217,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terrestris" subGenus="Bombus">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FD79FB417ABFFB6D" box="[713,729,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FD43FB427B2FFB6D" box="[755,841,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bombus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FCEEFB417BA6FB6D" box="[862,960,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">terrestris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C14446FAFE447318FC63FB427CEFFB6D" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[979,1161,1217,1241]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref2426" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis synonymis, locis [10 th Edition, revised]. Laurentii Salvii; Holmiae [Stockholm], Sweden; 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(Roig-Alsina &amp; Aizen, 1996; Torreta
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FDE6FB617AE3FB4D" box="[598,645,1249,1273]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">et al</emphasis>
., 2006;
<bibRefCitation id="C14446FAFE447318FD51FB627BEFFB4D" author="Morales, C." box="[737,905,1249,1273]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="51 - 65" refId="ref2653" refString="Morales, C. 2007. Introduccion de abejorros (Bombus) no nativos: Causas, consecuencias ecologicas y perspectivas. Ecologia Austral 17 (1): 51 - 65." type="journal article" year="2007">Morales, 2007</bibRefCitation>
), as well as of several Chilean endemic species that have been reported in
<collectingCountry id="DDC27B9BFE447318FD4AFA827B14FAAD" box="[762,882,1281,1305]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(Montalva &amp; Ruz, 2010). Nevertheless, the possibility that
<taxonomicName id="62D54088FE447318FD9CFAA17AF8FA8D" box="[556,670,1314,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="augusti">
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FD9CFAA17A59FA8D" box="[556,575,1314,1337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">X</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="97A1E719FE447318FDFDFAA17AF8FA8D" box="[589,670,1314,1337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">augusti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has gone undetected until now cannot be ruled out. More systematic surveys of local bee faunas are needed to detect newly adventive species, to monitor the spread of these species, and to assess their impact on the native biota.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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