169 lines
20 KiB
XML
169 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="0AA5B780CE0548A848CF61C71356059B" ID-CLB-Dataset="27240" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f04c1841-68d9-4721-a182-fee61c6c985f" ID-PMC="PMC5523201" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-674-1" ID-PubMed="28824280" ID-ZooBank="6B58CAA7036A4F078AA4DA14BFA99D83" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-674-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 674" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)" checkinTime="1555320290349" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tauber, Catherine A., Sosa, Francisco, Albuquerque, Gilberto S. & Tauber, Maurice J." docDate="2017" docId="1DD04972194092F93D0678DFCE5463B9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 674: 1-188" docOrigin="ZooKeys 674" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435" docTitle="Ungla ivancruzi Freitas 2007" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="E951072F3D22FF9CFFEEFFBC201DFFB1" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="99" updateTime="1701374468468" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BAF4D4868910D9F836417044904560F8">Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A74774810A02259DE16DB682ED8CC06C">Tauber, Catherine A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89BD53A52679CE251D3E654DAC6F8224">Sosa, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="52038FCA440795BFF66A75ECCFFF63F4">Albuquerque, Gilberto S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C7543DD333E370A9946D8144BF8D450E">Tauber, Maurice J.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="1DD04972194092F93D0678DFCE5463B9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201002" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1DD04972194092F93D0678DFCE5463B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1DD04972194092F93D0678DFCE5463B9" lastPageId="100" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
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<subSubSection id="7DC4F225517A910E7B01821D8BB350B6" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2278D037000370C71002E0EF0DD613C3" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
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<taxonomicName id="6B6E14196ADEF59D2352329AAE1F5DE6" ID-CoL="7DK5Y" authority="Freitas, 2007" authorityName="Freitas" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla ivancruzi" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ivancruzi">Ungla ivancruzi Freitas, 2007</taxonomicName>
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Figs 134, 135, 136
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7E1E37D89ED61B8817F3C5706FBD0499" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="40F2D2BBF71AD24C74E674DA0B213961" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
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<taxonomicName id="EBB2CB1F1271316C09DC067393B3BFA5" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla ivancruzi" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ivancruzi">Ungla ivancruzi</taxonomicName>
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Freitas, 2007. Rev. bras. Entomol. 51: 414-415; "Minas Gerais, Sete Lagoas, EMBRAPA, CNPMS, Lab., 16.I.2007 (S. de Freitas)".
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<bibRefCitation id="D448E0005FA1DCAA76BC086EEA4E73EF" author="Tauber, CA" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="295 - 314" title="Debris-carrying in larval Chrysopidae: unraveling its evolutionary history" url="https://doi.org/10.1603/AN13163" volume="107" year="2014">Tauber et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: supplementary material (list);
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<bibRefCitation id="98C302D65615BE8C3BE917871AB8FB56" author="Oswald, JD" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales de Madrid" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" title="Neuropterida Species of the World. Version 4.0" url="http://lacewing.tamu.edu/Species-Catalogue/" year="2015">Oswald 2015</bibRefCitation>
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(catalog). Holotype. MZSP (?), male (examined, FS); holotype by original designation. The original description stated that the holotype was in the MZSP, but it has not been found there; it is at the Departamento de Fitossanidade, UNESP, Jaboticabal,
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<normalizedToken id="6423BC202584C73267464F27B0103EA3" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo. The holotype and all the paratypes appear to have been reared in the laboratory; neither the conditions under which the adults were held, nor the age of the adults when they were preserved for study were mentioned.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5F5ED0B1F1CE7A2ABD5C11BA224865C6" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2E3E8162575DFFFE86CC465F7D7C4A29" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="43668C88200DADF215FB46C38B15DCEC" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
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Among
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<taxonomicName id="790F2844840BC783BE2CDDD0C57C3E3C" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4274FEE1F000C010CB135111D6B24092" lsidName="U. ivancruzi" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="ivancruzi">U. ivancruzi</taxonomicName>
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is unique in that the male has a broadly wedge-shaped S8+9 that is more typical of
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<taxonomicName id="3FC3FA5F4BB8BCC35C0124014485D794" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopodes" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysopodes</taxonomicName>
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than other
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<taxonomicName id="C43A17BF4A9DE4499E4EB5D1F2EF1DED" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
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males, which have S8+9 elongate and tapering. Nevertheless, we consider
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<taxonomicName id="A35357AA44DDCB15312325AE8BAD1DE2" lsidName="U. ivancruzi" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="ivancruzi">U. ivancruzi</taxonomicName>
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a good species of
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<taxonomicName id="2F5286583927160FA7F795EDC8A03534" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
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; it expresses most of the diagnostic features of the genus, including the distinctive inverted U-shaped mark on the vertex, dorsal apodeme on the male T9+ect reduced so that it does not extend beneath T8, gonarcal arch rounded, with a narrow, elongate mediuncus attached dorsally, and a bilobed gonosaccus, with each lobe bearing a patch of elongate gonosetae.
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<taxonomicName id="83B9B566F56CC301B7DE6F3B7620510D" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla ivancruzi" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ivancruzi">Ungla ivancruzi</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other
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<taxonomicName id="B371BBB95E2B76DA6FDCC4922053669F" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
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by its (i) light colored (not black or dark brown) palpi, (ii) reddish genal markings, (iii) narrow gonarcal arch with thin, elongate arms lacking a prominent frontal process, and (iv) gonosaccus with gonosetae relatively well-spaced, not abutting each other. At this time,
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<taxonomicName id="7C41466A3C15E8F85B42311AD8C8002E" lsidName="U. ivancruzi" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="ivancruzi">U. ivancruzi</taxonomicName>
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is the only
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<taxonomicName id="20D0103E2047C30DA822F38A21310BAD" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
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species known from Brazil. See original description by
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<bibRefCitation id="5AEFE9DFA3E2B60BD6D0DB8F9540D51A" author="Freitas, S" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="413 - 415" title="Ocorrencia de Ungla Navas (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) no Brasil e descricao de nova especie." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262007000400004" volume="51" year="2007">Freitas (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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for additional images.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F9060E6843593A4EBC0A0C9F5BDCBE5E" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
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<paragraph id="3704859E32547E9F12DFD719251B71E5" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
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Figure 134.
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<taxonomicName id="8A2FA621300E4C31D7DD7A6A9E144593" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla ivancruzi" order="Neuroptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ivancruzi">Ungla ivancruzi</taxonomicName>
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Freitas: External features, (a) head, thorax, dorsal (b) head, thorax, lateral (c) tip of wings and abdomen, lateral (d) body, lateral (e) labels (Brazil, Minas Gerais, holotype, male, SFC; images FS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0666B3B4E36C96B03ADD7B59D7E445AE" lastPageId="100" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="redescription">
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<paragraph id="6AA1103ADFD7B63CE98E6EE50F9F941B" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="028B0A4DBFD5D1A571C1E07BECF5F6AD" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Head with vertex yellow, raised, smooth, shiny; inverted U-shaped mark red to reddish brown, broken anteromesally, not extending forward between antennae. Frons yellow, without marks; gena light reddish brown; maxillary palp pale, ultimate palpomere 1.5 times longer than anterior one; scape yellow with dorsomesal red mark that extends onto pedicel, base of flagellum; flagellomeres yellowish brown, with rows of black setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A17FF6C2A216F744B0B48AD1B2D731C9" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Thorax yellowish green, with distinct longitudinal cream-colored stripe mesally. Prothorax with pair of broad, dark reddish brown stripes laterally; transverse furrow in posterior region of segment, extending to lateral margins, with brown to black setae on areas marked with brown, golden setae on green areas. Mesonotum, metanotum with diffuse brown lateral marks. Measurements: head width: 1.3 mm; ratio head width: eye width: 2.3: 1; prothorax width: 1.0 mm, length: 0.6 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7638EC0DB8C1FDE528531F01C0BA0854" lastPageId="99" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
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Forewing, hindwing with rounded tip; membrane clear, hyaline, without fumose areas; stigma slightly opaque to light brown. Forewing with longitudinal veins green, marked with brown at intersections; transverse veins dark brown to black; transverse costal, radial, gradate veins black, without suffusion. Forewing with Rs sinuous; first intramedian cell ovate; basal inner gradate meeting Psm; 7.9-10.2 mm long, 3.4 mm
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<pageBreakToken id="0C3022EA555F919E953AEF969B458820" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" start="start">wide</pageBreakToken>
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(ratio, L: W = 2.9: 1); height of tallest costal cell 0.63 mm (cell number 5); width of first intramedian cell 0.65 mm; 9 radial cells (closed cells between R and Rs); third gradate cell 0.9 mm long, 0.4 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 2.3: 1); fourth gradate 0.4 mm long, 0.3 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 1.5: 1); 4 Banksian cells (b cells), 4
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<normalizedToken id="B07BA224B2E4E5BD7220C06387DAF7A4" originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
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cells; 3 inner gradates, 5 outer gradates. Hindwing 7.2-9.2 mm long, 3.0 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 3.0: 1), 9-11 radial cells, 3 Banksian (b) cells, 4
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<normalizedToken id="D609C7589F44DE7974E0240223899C7B" originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
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cells, 3 inner gradates, 5 outer gradates.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A8860821048C600A4CC3CD4CB9407E32" lastPageId="100" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
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Abdomen yellowish green, without spots. Male. T9+ect relatively long (~0.5 length of T7), almost straight dorsally, angulate at dorsal terminus, with dorsal invagination deep (~0.7
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<normalizedToken id="86D46B1D14CA898AF9F8E09BE196BC02" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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dorsal length of T9+ect); margins, base of invagination rounded; abdominal spiracles small (e.g., A7: spiracle diameter ~0.09
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<normalizedToken id="7C7C6D7BF9B8FE1681F353A4FAD7274B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of sternite); callus
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<pageBreakToken id="EB689075326804E26C09C66DADCCD3F7" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" start="start">cerci</pageBreakToken>
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large, round to oval, with 27-30 trichobotria; S8+9 fused, with line of fusion perceptible; dorsum tapering slightly throughout basal 3/4ths, abruptly through distal fourth; S8+9 length ~1.8x height, not much longer than S7 (1.4
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<normalizedToken id="C652AEC07621A64E325881F3DDD4C8E1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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); apex acute, not upturned, not elongated beyond T9+ect. Gonarcus thin, arched without angular bend (dorsal, frontal view), with S-shaped curve (lateral view); gonarcal bridge, arms slender throughout, thickened mesally, forming very small mesal process; arcessus long, curved dorsally, with pair of lateral rods internally, slightly splayed mesally, fusing distally, terminating in small beak; gonossacus bilobed, with two tufts of elongate, well-spaced gonosetae facing each other mesally; hypandrium internum V-shaped, small.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF039FB310CD980420FFB9D188D8D64F" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<paragraph id="DCEF93E4B84CFDD1967FEE8786E0A78E" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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Figure 135.
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<taxonomicName id="F32A45AABCE75AFC4C64211B68EC5D4C" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla ivancruzi" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ivancruzi">Ungla ivancruzi</taxonomicName>
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Freitas: Male abdomen, (a) segments A3-terminus, lateral (b) segments A7-terminus, dorsal [Note shallow invagination.] (c, d) callus cerci, showing variation in shape. inv invagination in T9+ectoproct sp spiracle S8+9 fused eighth and ninth sternites T7 seventh tergite T9+e fused ninth tergite + ectoproct (Brazil, Minas Gerais, from original type series or their offspring, MJMO; images FS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="2405ECAC1E5DB4C078560518192C96CA" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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<paragraph id="659DDEA96185CAEF726F5BA87B85BB28" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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Figure 136.
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<taxonomicName id="F0F96A08AD48147629835B4DA3F184A8" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla ivancruzi" order="Neuroptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ivancruzi">Ungla ivancruzi</taxonomicName>
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Freitas: Male genitalia, (a) gonarcus and mediuncal base, posterior (b) setose gonosaccus, expanded, frontal (c) gonarcus with hypandrium internum, lateral [Note relative size of hypandrium internum.] (d) mediuncus, gonarcus, dorsal to dorsolateral (e) gonarcus, frontodorsal (f) gonarcus, posterodorsal (g) hypandrium internum. gsac gonosaccus g.ap. gonarcal apodeme g.br. gonarcal bridge h.i. hypandrium internum mu mediuncus pr unarticulated process on frontal margin of gonarcal apodeme (Brazil, Minas Gerais, from original type series or their offspring, MJMO; images FS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="A7E9FAFB91EEC01685DC9659F448A4C1" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
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Female. See
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<bibRefCitation id="CD27EB1870951EB8B265FE8E1167DA7C" author="Freitas, S" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="413 - 415" title="Ocorrencia de Ungla Navas (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) no Brasil e descricao de nova especie." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262007000400004" volume="51" year="2007">Freitas (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="22BC8E81248ADFE0E649EF43EF75E1A3" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="larvae and biology">
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<paragraph id="84B47033DEE3583A5BEEA4CF6EA0282D" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Larvae and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A53CB6DDD6D17EA7B90E347B24638119" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
|
||
Immatures were reared, and the three instars are described (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE49A306C252671916007E20A1F997D9" author="Freitas, S" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="413 - 415" title="Ocorrencia de Ungla Navas (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) no Brasil e descricao de nova especie." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262007000400004" volume="51" year="2007">Freitas 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The larvae are debris carriers; and eggs are laid in clusters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="40C5306020A76ED5AF09016381155DA8" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="EA40EB3F4F8F3B17C8B0C7A44FDEB1C3" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Known distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EA2A4B2AA447EB1C9015D381B533C57E" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">BRAZIL: State of Minas Gerais.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FF85239D014B1E8E004BC707662AFD49" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="B82BFBE7A1DDB15715BBB183C5DE4F91" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Specimens examined</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A895F2F144E4DD4D88635FB487A6286" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">. Same data as type (1M, 1F, offspring from original collection of type series, MJMO).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |