687 lines
85 KiB
XML
687 lines
85 KiB
XML
<document id="C07D44D2AA24F202D27896532D07AC4B" ID-CLB-Dataset="299709" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11512854" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dd69fc70-9112-457e-8fc5-5ec834723baa" ID-ISSN="0068-547X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512854" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1717720788852" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Daniel, Thomas F., Letsara, Rokiman & Rakotonasolo, Franck" docDate="2019" docId="EA1B570DFFED0961FFA5FC21FC60A9CD" docLanguage="en" docName="ProcCalifAcadSci.66.2.51-59.pdf" docOrigin="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 66 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B.2:ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B" docStyleName="ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Anisotes pulchellus T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Rakotonas 2019, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="16222F75FFEF0966FFDEFFBBFFC2AB16" masterDocTitle="Incorporation of Danguya into Anisotes (Acanthaceae: Justicieae), a New Combination, and Lectotypification of D. pulchella" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1720733090606" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="78040CC99840B8C575B5ACFE507E0B05">
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<mods:title id="5352975FA399E1B075DA1465D466D599">Incorporation of Danguya into Anisotes (Acanthaceae: Justicieae), a New Combination, and Lectotypification of D. pulchella</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E6F91D7104F0635B9B288FDAFEE35DEB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E9E5F31F1D55AFA34D60C57C929BFA1C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DEBF707AEE71425F786E5300202E260A">Daniel, Thomas F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB40F7ECA57BAE3CD138FF5D4A7B85F9">Department of Botany, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 94118, U. S. A.; & Corresponding author: E-mail: tdaniel @ calacademy. org</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="402777386F5E61B4BD9F77C5F078A33F" type="email">tdaniel@calacademy.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="FFAE6F398F3EB73616E591498BE5AE1A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CC31B2AF0626AC9F3EAF360ABD960CB4">Letsara, Rokiman</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B0BC08919B56B76D7EC4C8474EB83F6F">Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo, Madagascar;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B32791F21EBCF09CCD95950CB2C9049E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="364CE008B5BCF15C435E267573F3D11C">Rakotonasolo, Franck</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="75A388A620073AAB39DD1C54B0781351">Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo, Madagascar;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A7DC28C3639173350AB92A3A8BBBEB59">Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DA92FF62E82399208470E749B8F61820">
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<mods:date id="785534EB6B7259F0B4F6804B83C959F0">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0A4139F30513D3BD305EB89B2F0FFA28">2019-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1A43BA247FB9D8E69CFAD6F2E8301E13">66</mods:number>
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<treatment id="EA1B570DFFED0961FFA5FC21FC60A9CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728373" ID-GBIF-Taxon="235041524" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12728373" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA1B570DFFED0961FFA5FC21FC60A9CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA1B570DFFED0961FFA5FC21FC60A9CD" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFED0964FFA5FC21FC0DA8A7" box="[123,975,922,946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="620DE61BFFED0964FFA5FC21FC0DA8A7" blockId="2.[123,1174,922,1725]" box="[123,975,922,946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<heading id="39455177FFED0964FFA5FC21FC0DA8A7" box="[123,975,922,946]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="50C63A09FFED0964FFA5FC21FC0DA8A7" bold="true" box="[123,975,922,946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFED0964FFA5FC21FC8AA8A7" ID-CoL="6756C" authority="(Benoist) T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Rakotonas" authorityName="T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Rakotonas" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Rakotonas" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[123,840,922,946]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchellus" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="50C63A09FFED0964FFA5FC21FE93A8A4" bold="true" box="[123,337,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Anisotes pulchellus</emphasis>
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||
(Benoist) T.F. Daniel, Letsara & Rakotonas
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BF58772FFED0964FC8AFC21FC0DA8A7" box="[852,975,922,945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFED0964FF75FC7AFC17A8CE" box="[171,981,961,984]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="620DE61BFFED0964FF75FC7AFC17A8CE" blockId="2.[123,1174,922,1725]" box="[171,981,961,984]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<treatmentCitation id="E313C00AFFED0964FF75FC7AFCABA8CE" author="Benoist" box="[171,873,961,984]" journal="Bull. Soc. Bot. France" page="1038" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" score="67.94127085788433" volume="76" year="1930">
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<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFED0964FF75FC7AFDB4A8CE" ID-CoL="343VR" authority="Benoist, Bull. Soc. Bot." box="[171,630,961,984]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Danguya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
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<emphasis id="50C63A09FFED0964FF75FC7AFEB7A8CE" box="[171,373,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Danguya pulchella</emphasis>
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Benoist, Bull. Soc. Bot.
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="82697C61FFED0964FDA5FC7AFD06A8CE" box="[635,708,961,984]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">France</collectingMunicipality>
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||
76: 1038. 1930
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(“1929”).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFED0964FC04FC7AFCD7AF2E" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="620DE61BFFED0964FC04FC7AFCD7AF2E" blockId="2.[123,1174,922,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<materialsCitation id="D2DAEC46FFED0964FC04FC7AFEBAAF2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905162306" collectingDate="1925-04" collectionCode="P" collectorName="H. Perrier de la Bathie" country="Madagascar" elevation="1600" latitude="-17.75" location="Tampoketsa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.016666" municipality="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga" typeStatus="lectotype">
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.—
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="1AA5A68BFFED0964FBE5FC7AFF29A8EE" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="50C63A09FFED0964FF27FC5AFEB9A8EE" bold="true" box="[249,379,993,1016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<collectingRegion id="A07628F9FFED0964FF27FC5AFEB9A8EE" box="[249,379,993,1016]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Mahajanga</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<location id="676DB0C0FFED0964FE50FC5AFDCCA8EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA1B570DFFED0961FFA5FC21FC60A9CD:676DB0C0FFED0964FE50FC5AFDCCA8EE" box="[398,526,993,1016]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.75" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.016666" municipality="France" name="Tampoketsa" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Tampoketsa</location>
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au dessus de
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<location id="676DB0C0FFED0964FD6DFC5AFCECA8EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA1B570DFFED0961FFA5FC21FC60A9CD:676DB0C0FFED0964FD6DFC5AFCECA8EE" box="[691,814,993,1016]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.75" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.016666" municipality="France" name="Mahatsinjo" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Mahatsinjo</location>
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, [ca.
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFED0964FC23FC5AFB49A8EE" box="[1021,1163,993,1016]" degrees="047" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" precision="15" seconds="00" value="47.016666">047°01′00″E</geoCoordinate>
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],
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<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FFA5FBBAFF13AF0E" box="[123,209,1025,1048]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="1600.0">
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<elevation id="E99F0128FFED0964FFA5FBBAFF13AF0E" box="[123,209,1025,1048]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, près du bois,
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<date id="160CC0DBFFED0964FEABFBBAFE0FAF0E" box="[373,461,1025,1048]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" value="1925-04">
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<collectingDate id="06483933FFED0964FEABFBBAFE0FAF0E" box="[373,461,1025,1048]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" value="1925-04">IV-1925</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(flr),
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<emphasis id="50C63A09FFED0964FDCCFBBAFCA2AF0E" box="[530,864,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFED0964FDCCFBBAFCD6AF0E" box="[530,788,1025,1048]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">H. Perrier de la Bâthie</collectorName>
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17238
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="BD0958B9FFED0964FCAFFBBAFC15AF0E" box="[881,983,1025,1048]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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, designated here:
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<collectionCode id="04A37EDEFFED0964FFA5FB9AFF48AF2E" box="[123,138,1057,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">P</collectionCode>
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!-barcode
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<accessionNumber id="7DE17BF8FFED0964FF29FB9AFEB6AF2E" box="[247,372,1057,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">P00089775</accessionNumber>
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;
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="D2DAEC46FFED0964FEA1FB9AFCD3AF2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905162308" box="[383,785,1057,1080]" collectingDate="1925-04" collectionCode="P" collectorName="H. Perrier de la Bathie" country="Madagascar" elevation="1600" latitude="-17.75" location="Tampoketsa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.016666" municipality="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga" typeStatus="isolectotype">
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<typeStatus id="BD0958B9FFED0964FEA1FB9AFDC6AF2E" box="[383,516,1057,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="isolectotype">isolectotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="04A37EDEFFED0964FDD1FB9AFDDCAF2E" box="[527,542,1057,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">P</collectionCode>
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!-barcode
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<accessionNumber id="7DE17BF8FFED0964FD55FB9AFCC8AF2E" box="[651,778,1057,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">P00089776</accessionNumber>
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)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFED0965FF75FBF9FEF5A842" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph id="620DE61BFFED0965FF75FBF9FEF5A842" blockId="2.[123,1174,922,1725]" lastBlockId="3.[123,622,829,1715]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Shrubs to
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FEFFFBF9FE88AF4F" box="[289,330,1090,1113]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
tall. Young stems subquadrate, evenly and usually densely pubescent with straight and erect to downward pointing or flexuose or retrorsely curved eglandular trichomes
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FFA5FB39FECAAF8F" box="[123,264,1154,1177]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.225" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.05">0.05–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Leaves petiolate, petioles
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FDB3FB39FD10AF8F" box="[621,722,1154,1177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="5.0">5–33 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, blades ovate to elliptic,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FBFDFB39FB57AF8F" box="[1059,1173,1154,1177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="8.6" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="52.0" valueMax="86.0" valueMin="18.0">18–86 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FF67FB19FEE9AFAF" box="[185,299,1186,1209]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="27.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="12.0">12–42 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, 1.3–2.2 (-3.3) times longer than wide, rounded to subacute (to acuminate) at apex, cordate to rounded at base, adaxial surface pubescent with mostly antrorse to antrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes (these sometimes sparse and restricted to major veins), abaxial surface more densely pubescent (especially along major veins) with antrorse to antrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes, margin entire and ciliate. Inflorescence of pedunculate spikes from leaf axils, peduncles
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FE4AFAF8FE3BAE4C" box="[404,505,1347,1370]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="4.0">4–24 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, pubescent like young stems, spikes 1 (–2) per axil, alternate or opposite at nodes, (13–)
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FE05FADFFD8FAE6D" box="[475,589,1380,1403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="31.5" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="20.0">20–43 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (excluding peduncle and flowers),
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FBD9FADFFBBAAE6D" box="[1031,1144,1380,1403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="11.0">11–23 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter near midspike (measured flat and excluding flowers), rachis not visible, pubescent with antrorse eglandular trichomes to
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FE2EFA1FFD83AEAD" box="[496,577,1444,1467]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and with an inconspicuous understory of erect subsessile to stipitate glandular trichomes to
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FD86FA7FFD74AECD" box="[600,694,1476,1499]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Bracts red-maroon (at least along margin and distally), spirally arranged on rachis, ± spatulate (i.e., proximally stalked and abruptly ovate to broadly elliptic to subcircular distally),
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FD5EF9BEFD31AD0A" box="[640,755,1541,1564]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="10.0">10–19 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FC81F9BEFC1AAD0A" box="[863,984,1541,1564]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="7.75" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–12 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (sometimes with smaller and often green sterile bracts at base of spike), apiculate at apex with apiculum to
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FFA5F9FEFF0EAD4A" box="[123,204,1605,1628]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, abaxially venose, pubescent like rachis, prominently 5–7-veined from base, basal stalk infolding and partially enveloping basal portion of bracteoles and calyx. Bracteoles lanceolate to lance-linear to lance-elliptic,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FDCAF93DFDA9AD8B" box="[532,619,1670,1693]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FD67F93DFCFAAD8B" box="[697,824,1670,1693]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, abaxially pubescent like rachis. Calyx
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFED0964FED2F91DFEB2ADAB" box="[268,368,1702,1725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="8.0">8–11 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, abaxially pubescent like rachis, 4- or 5-lobed, lobes with 2 pairs fused for much of their length forming 2 apically 2-lobed segments and the fifth (posterior?) lobe greatly reduced in size or absent, fused segments
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FDACFF47FD1CAA05" box="[626,734,252,275]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="7.25" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="5.0">5–9.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long with apical lobes
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FC37FF47FB97AA05" box="[1001,1109,252,275]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="3.3" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="0.6">0.6–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, reduced 5th lobe (when present) triangular-lanceolate to lanceolate,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FCACFEA7FC0BAA25" box="[882,969,284,307]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FBCBFEA7FB57AA25" box="[1045,1173,284,307]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Corolla red-maroon,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FE43FE87FDCDAA45" box="[413,527,316,339]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="33.5" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="30.0">30–37 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, conspicuously arched, externally pubescent with erect to flexuose eglandular trichomes to
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FE21FEE7FD92AA65" box="[511,592,348,371]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and with a ± conspicuous understory of stipitate glandular trichomes less than
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FE65FEC7FDCEAA85" box="[443,524,380,403]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, tube
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FD58FEC7FD3AAA85" box="[646,760,380,403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">14–16 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, upper lip
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FC7AFEC7FBD5AA85" box="[932,1047,380,403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="13.0">13–21 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, internally rugulate, apically entire, lower lip recoiled,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FD4EFE27FCC1AAA5" box="[656,771,412,435]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="13.0">13–21 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, apically 3-lobed, lobes
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FB9AFE27FB57AAA5" box="[1092,1173,412,435]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FF66FE07FEFAAAC5" box="[184,312,444,467]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Stamens
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FE3AFE07FD95AAC5" box="[484,599,444,467]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="15.0">15–21 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, filaments glabrous distally and sparsely pubescent with eglandular trichomes proximally, thecae greenish white, subparallel to subsagittate, unequally inserted but overlapping,
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FE22FE47FDBEA905" box="[508,636,508,531]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, subequal in size, glabrous, upper theca with a basal appendage
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FE9BFDA7FE06A925" box="[325,452,540,563]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, lower theca with a basal appendage
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FC53FDA7FBCEA925" box="[909,1036,540,563]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Pollen (see discussion) globose-elliptic (i.e., longer E:shorter E> 1 but ˂ 1.5), 2-colporate, 4-pseudocolpate, colpi extending to near poles, pseudocolpi equaling (or slightly shorter than) colpi, colpi and pseudocolpi microverrucate to microgemmate, interapertural exine ± bireticulate, P = 37–45 µm, E (apertural views) = 22–25 µm, E (interapertural view) = 19 µm, P:E (apertural view) = 1.68–1.8, P:E (interapertural view) = 2.05, E (apertural view):E (interapertural view) = 1.16–1.32. Style
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FFA5FD67FF2FA9E5" box="[123,237,732,755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="29.5" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="27.0">27–32 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, sparsely pubescent with eglandular trichomes (except near apex), stigma
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FB9AFD67FB57A9E5" box="[1092,1173,732,755]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, inconspicuously and unequally 2-lobed. Capsule
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FD0FFD47FC8BA805" box="[721,841,764,787]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="10.25" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.5">9.5–11 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, glabrous, retinacula and placentae not elastically rising; seeds (immature)
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FD52FCA6FCCEA822" box="[652,780,797,820]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam., surface pubescent with papilla-like trichomes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFEC0965FF75FCE7FE0DA885" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFEC0965FF75FCE7FE0DA885" blockId="3.[123,622,829,1715]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEC0965FF75FCE7FEF7A864" baselines="877,877" box="[171,309,860,883]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Phenology" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEC0965FF75FCE7FEF7A864" bold="true" box="[171,309,860,883]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">PHENOLOGY</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.— Flowering: March– November; fruiting: November.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFEC0965FF75FC27FE18AF25" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFEC0965FF75FC27FE18AF25" blockId="3.[123,622,829,1715]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEC0965FF75FC27FE29A8A4" bold="true" box="[171,491,924,947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEC0965FF75FC27FE87A8A4" baselines="941,941" box="[171,325,924,947]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEC0965FE8BFC1BFE43A8A4" baselines="941" box="[341,385,928,946]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="and" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">AND</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEC0965FE4FFC1BFE29A8A4" baselines="941" box="[401,491,928,946]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="habitat" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">HABITAT</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.— Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1AA5A68BFFEC0965FFA5FC07FEC3A8C5" box="[123,257,956,979]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A07628F9FFEC0965FE49FC07FDECA8C5" box="[407,558,956,979]" country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Antananarivo</collectingRegion>
|
||
and southeastern to east-central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A07628F9FFEC0965FE66FC67FDF0A8E5" box="[440,562,988,1011]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Mahajanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="FA89FA9EFFEC0965FD9DFC67FF49AF05" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="3.[699,711,1680,1699]" captionTargetBox="[650,1174,830,1673]" captionTargetId="figure-483@3.[650,1174,830,1673]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map of Madagascar showing provincial boundaries and the distribution of Anisotes pulchella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12728377/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
); plants occur in remnant or gallery forests at elevations of 1200–1600 meters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFEC0965FF75FB87FE3DAF45" box="[171,511,1084,1107]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFEC0965FF75FB87FE3DAF45" blockId="3.[123,622,829,1715]" box="[171,511,1084,1107]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEC0965FF75FB87FE92AF44" baselines="1101,1101" box="[171,336,1084,1107]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Illustrations" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEC0965FF75FB87FE92AF44" bold="true" box="[171,336,1084,1107]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">ILLUSTRATIONS</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.—
|
||
<figureCitation id="FA89FA9EFFEC0965FEA7FB87FE1FAF45" box="[377,477,1084,1107]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="1.[171,183,1653,1672]" captionTargetBox="[148,1149,218,1638]" captionTargetId="figure-19@1.[149,1147,218,1639]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anisotes pulchella (Rakotonasolo et al. 2254). Remnant forest habitat on the Vohombohitra massif (top). Branch with leaves and inflorescences (middle left). Inflorescence showing bracts and flowers (bottom left). Flowers (front view). Photos by L. Rokiman." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512856/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="FA89FA9EFFEC0965FE32FB87FE3DAF45" box="[492,511,1084,1107]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="4.[171,183,1603,1622]" captionTargetBox="[122,1174,218,1588]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[122,1174,218,1588]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anisotes pulchella (Rakotonasolo et al. 2254). A. Flowering branch. B. Close-up of abaxial surface of leaf showing pubescence. C. Bract. D. Flower subtended by bract. E. Calyx. F. Pair of partially fused calyx lobes. G. Portion of stamen with anther. H. Portion of style with stigma. Drawn by Roger Lala Andriamiarisoa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512858/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">3.</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFEC0963FF75FBE7FE69A902" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFEC0963FF75FBE7FE69A902" blockId="3.[123,622,829,1715]" lastBlockId="5.[123,1174,220,1725]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEC0965FF75FBE7FE8CAF64" baselines="1133,1133" box="[171,334,1116,1139]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Conservation" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEC0965FF75FBE7FE8CAF64" bold="true" box="[171,334,1116,1139]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">CONSERVATION</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.— A preliminary conservation assessment based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEC0965FE70FBC7FDFDAF85" author="IUCN" box="[430,575,1148,1171]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" refId="ref4325" refString="IUCN. 2017. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 13. Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. <http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf> [accessed 6 June 2019]" type="url" year="2017">IUCN (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
criteria using
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEC0965FEDFFB27FE65AFA5" author="GEOCAT" box="[257,423,1180,1203]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" refId="ref4300" refString="GEOCAT. 2019. Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool. <http: // geocat. kew. org> [accessed 6 June 2019]" type="url" year="2019">GeoCat (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
calculations was performed for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEC0965FEFDFB07FE3BAFC5" authorityName="T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Rakotonas" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Rakotonas" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[291,505,1212,1235]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEC0965FEFDFB07FE3BAFC5" box="[291,505,1212,1235]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Anisotes pulchellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using the locality and collection information provided herein. An EOO of
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FE81FB47FE0BAE05" box="[351,457,1276,1299]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.042" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="km" value="6042.0">6,042 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="95C74B53FFEC0965FE17FB40FE10AE1D" attach="left" box="[457,466,1275,1291]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">2</superScript>
|
||
and an AOO (based on
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FF36FAA7FEDCAE25" box="[232,286,1308,1331]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="95C74B53FFEC0965FEC0FAA0FEE5AE3D" attach="left" box="[286,295,1307,1323]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">2</superScript>
|
||
grid) of
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFEC0965FE5AFAA7FE05AE25" box="[388,455,1308,1331]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="km" value="28.0">28 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="95C74B53FFEC0965FE16FAA0FE13AE3D" attach="left" box="[456,465,1307,1323]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">2</superScript>
|
||
were calculated for the species. No protected lands are currently within the EOO; however, the Réserve Spéciale d'Ambohitantely lies adjacent to (but outside of) its southeastern boundary. Two collections of the species are from the Vohombohitra massif, a region known for the richness of precious stones found there, and where the local population partakes in the mining of these stones, gathering of wood for heating and construction purposes, and agricultural activities (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEC0965FEC1F9C7FE3FAD85" author="RALAINAORINA, T. N." box="[287,509,1660,1683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" refId="ref4587" refString="RALAINAORINA, T. N. 2016. Caracterisation Ecologique des Formations Vegetales de Vohombohitra / Region Betsiboka en Vue d'une Elaboration d'un Plan de Conservation du Site. Memoire pour Diplome de Master, Faculte des Sciences, Universite d'Antananarivo. <www. http: // biblio. univ-antananarivo. mg / pdfs / ralainaorinaTokyN _ SN _ MAST _ 16. pdf> [accessed 4 June 2019]" type="url" year="2016">Ralainaorina 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Indeed,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEC0965FFA5F927FE90ADA5" author="RALAINAORINA, T. N." box="[123,338,1692,1715]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" refId="ref4587" refString="RALAINAORINA, T. N. 2016. Caracterisation Ecologique des Formations Vegetales de Vohombohitra / Region Betsiboka en Vue d'une Elaboration d'un Plan de Conservation du Site. Memoire pour Diplome de Master, Faculte des Sciences, Universite d'Antananarivo. <www. http: // biblio. univ-antananarivo. mg / pdfs / ralainaorinaTokyN _ SN _ MAST _ 16. pdf> [accessed 4 June 2019]" type="url" year="2016">Ralainaorina (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
specifically notes that the vegetation of Vohombohitra continues to lose its floristic richness due to these and other anthropogenic pressures (e.g., brush fires). Collection sites to the west of Vohombohitra, including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="BD0958B9FFEA0963FFA5FEA7FF6BAA25" box="[123,169,284,307]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locale, occur in small forest fragments that have been and continue to be impacted by burning (to clear forest for grazing land) and timber cutting (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FD70FE87FC64AA45" author="RATSIRARSON, J. & M. E. EDWARDS & E. G. A. OLSSON & W. S. ARMBRUSTER & I. PARELIUSSEN & B. REAU" box="[686,934,316,339]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refId="ref4659" refString="RATSIRARSON, J., M. E. EDWARDS, E. G. A. OLSSON, W. S. ARMBRUSTER, I. PARELIUSSEN, AND B. REAU. 2003. Forest restoration and biodiversity conservation in the Central Highlands: The case of the Reserve Speciale d'Ambohitantely. Pages 1476 - 1480 in S. M. Goodman and J. P. Benstead, eds., The Natural History of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA." type="book" year="2003">Ratsirarson et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These sites are treated as a second location based on the threat of forest clearing.
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FCCAFEE7FC7FAA65" box="[788,957,348,371]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FCCAFEE7FCB1AA65" authorityName="Wahl & Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[788,883,348,371]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
|
||
17981
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
occurs at the northeastern-most extent of the species' distribution, and it appears to occur in the western edge of the humid eastern escarpment forest in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1AA5A68BFFEA0963FD8AFE26FD15AAA2" box="[596,727,413,436]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
. No threat is currently known for that site. Given these threats and an inferred continuing decline in the numbers of plants and their habitats based on the continuation of the threats, we propose a preliminary assessment of endangered (EN) for this species (B2(a, biii)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="36CDB693FFEC0965FD65F92BFB97ADAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728377" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12728377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12728377/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" startId="3.[699,711,1680,1699]" targetBox="[650,1174,830,1673]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFEC0965FD65F92BFB97ADAA" blockId="3.[651,1174,1680,1724]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEC0965FD65F92BFD3AADB7" baselines="1694,1693" box="[699,760,1680,1699]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
2. Map of Madagascar showing provincial boundaries and the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEC0965FC6DF912FB92ADAA" box="[947,1104,1705,1724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEC0965FC6DF912FB92ADAA" box="[947,1104,1705,1724]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Anisotes pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="36CDB693FFEB0962FF75F9F8FC4AAD9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512858" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512858/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" startId="4.[171,183,1603,1622]" targetBox="[122,1174,218,1588]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFEB0962FF75F9F8FC4AAD9C" blockId="4.[123,1174,1603,1674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEB0962FF75F9F8FF2AAD43" baselines="1617,1617" box="[171,232,1603,1622]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEB0962FEDDF9F8FD4FAD40" authority="(Rakotonasolo et al. 2254)" baseAuthorityName="Rakotonasolo" baseAuthorityYear="2254" box="[259,653,1603,1622]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEB0962FEDDF9F8FE62AD40" box="[259,416,1603,1622]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Anisotes pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEB0962FE70F9F8FD47AD40" box="[430,645,1603,1622]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Rakotonasolo et al. 2254</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Flowering branch. B. Close-up of abaxial surface of leaf showing pubescence. C. Bract. D. Flower subtended by bract. E. Calyx. F. Pair of partially fused calyx lobes. G. Portion of stamen with anther. H. Portion of style with stigma. Drawn by Roger Lala Andriamiarisoa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFEA0963FF75FDA5FEB2A800" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFEA0963FF75FDA5FEB2A800" blockId="5.[123,1174,220,1725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEA0963FF75FDA5FE83A922" baselines="559,559" box="[171,321,542,565]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Typification" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FF75FDA5FE83A922" bold="true" box="[171,321,542,565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">TYPIFICATION</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.— In the protologue,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FDF3FDA5FD0EA923" author="BENOIST, R." box="[557,716,542,565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="1031 - 1038" refId="ref4007" refString="BENOIST, R. 1930 (" 1929 "). Descriptions d'especes nouvelles d'Acanthacees de Madagascar. Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France 76: 1031 - 1038." type="journal article" year="1930">Benoist (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed two collections (numbers
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FBF8FDA5FBABA923" box="[1062,1129,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">17238</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FFA5FD85FF7CA943" box="[123,190,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">17643</emphasis>
|
||
) of Perrier de la Bâthie from the vicinity of Mahatsinjo. For at least part of their careers both Benoist and Perrier de la Bâthie worked at or for P (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FD1CFDE5FCFAA963" author="DORR, L. J." box="[706,824,606,629]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refId="ref4241" refString="DORR, L. J. 1997. Plant Collectors in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England, UK. 524 pages." type="book" year="1997">Dorr 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), where the latter’s
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1AA5A68BFFEA0963FBCBFDE5FB54A963" box="[1045,1174,606,629]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
herbarium and a previously deposited set of his collections reside.
|
||
<specimenCount id="74B42D92FFEA0963FC97FDC5FC2DA983" box="[841,1007,638,661]" count="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of each collection cited in the protologue are extant at P, all of which were putatively verified by Benoist and all of which conform to elements of the protologue. From among these, the specimen of
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FBD5FD04FECEA9E0" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Perrier de la Bâthie 17238</emphasis>
|
||
with Benoist’s name in his handwriting and with a dissected flower, is designated above as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="BD0958B9FFEA0963FED9FD44FEAEA800" box="[263,364,767,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFEA0961FF75FC9BFD15AA83" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFEA0963FF75FC9BFD04AE0C" blockId="5.[123,1174,220,1725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFEA0963FF75FC9BFEE8A820" baselines="817,817" box="[171,298,800,823]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Discussion" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FF75FC9BFEE8A820" bold="true" box="[171,298,800,823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">DISCUSSION</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.— The two distinguishing characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FD38FC9BFC8AA821" box="[742,840,800,823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Danguya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FD38FC9BFC8AA821" box="[742,840,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Danguya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
noted by Benoist in the protologue are worth analyzing. The calyx, consisting of two large segments (each distally 2-lobed) and a minute (presumably posterior) lobe between them sometimes present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FA89FA9EFFEA0963FCA9FCDBFC0BA861" box="[887,969,864,887]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="4.[171,183,1603,1622]" captionTargetBox="[122,1174,218,1588]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[122,1174,218,1588]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anisotes pulchella (Rakotonasolo et al. 2254). A. Flowering branch. B. Close-up of abaxial surface of leaf showing pubescence. C. Bract. D. Flower subtended by bract. E. Calyx. F. Pair of partially fused calyx lobes. G. Portion of stamen with anther. H. Portion of style with stigma. Drawn by Roger Lala Andriamiarisoa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512858/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
), is unusual among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FFA5FC3BFEC1A881" box="[123,259,896,919]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Acanthaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and possibly unique in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FE21FC3BFD9BA881" box="[511,601,896,919]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FE21FC3BFD9BA881" box="[511,601,896,919]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Anisotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Similar fusion among calyx lobes was described and illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FEC8FC1BFE79A8A1" author="EZCURRA, C." box="[278,443,928,951]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="787 - 845" refId="ref4271" refString="EZCURRA, C. 1993. Systematics of Ruellia (Acanthaceae) in southern South America. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80: 787 - 845." type="journal article" year="1993">Ezcurra (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the 3-segmented, 5-lobed calyx of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FCA7FC1BFF08A8CE" authority="(Nees) Lindau" authorityName="Lindau" baseAuthorityName="Nees" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Ruellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythropus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FCA7FC1BFB86A8A1" box="[889,1092,928,951]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Ruellia erythropus</emphasis>
|
||
(Nees) Lindau
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however, in this species, the posterior lobe is not conspicuously reduced in size. Most species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FF28FC5AFE92A8EE" box="[246,336,993,1016]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FF28FC5AFE92A8EE" box="[246,336,993,1016]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Anisotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have 5-lobed calyces with the lobes homomorphic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FC78FC5AFBFEA8EE" author="BADEN, C." box="[934,1084,993,1016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="143 - 153" refId="ref3926" refString="BADEN, C. 1981 a. The genus Macrorungia (Acanthaceae), a taxonomic revision. Nordic Journal of Botany 1: 143 - 153." type="journal article" year="1981">Baden 1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FB95FC5AFB53A8EE" author="BADEN, C." box="[1099,1169,993,1016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="623 - 664" refId="ref3954" refString="BADEN, C. 1981 b. The genus Anisotes (Acanthaceae), a taxonomic revision. Nordic Journal of Botany 1: 623 - 664." type="journal article" year="1981">1981b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FFA5FBBAFEFDAF0E" author="DANIEL, T. F. & B. A. V. MBOLA & F. ALMEDA & P. B. PHILLIPSON" box="[123,319,1025,1048]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="121 - 131" refId="ref4152" refString="DANIEL, T. F., B. A. V. MBOLA, F. ALMEDA, AND P. B. PHILLIPSON. 2007. Anisotes (Acanthaceae) in Madagascar. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, ser. 4, 58: 121 - 131." type="journal article" year="2007">Daniel et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FE97FBBAFE24AF0E" author="VOLLESEN, K." box="[329,486,1025,1048]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refId="ref4751" refString="VOLLESEN, K. 2010. Anisotes. Pages 651 - 663 in H. J. Beentje, ed., Flora of Tropical East Africa, Acanthaceae (Part 2). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England, UK." type="book" year="2010">Vollesen 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, three recently described species show greater diversity in the number and relative lengths of calyx lobes for the genus. In both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FC7FFB9AFE46AF4F" authority="T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Martin-Bravo" authorityName="T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Martin-Bravo" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="venosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FC7FFB9AFBD0AF2E" box="[929,1042,1057,1080]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">A. venosus</emphasis>
|
||
T.F. Daniel, Letsara & Martín-Bravo
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FE62FBF9FC82AF4F" authority="(Lindau) T. F. Daniel" authorityName="T. F. Daniel" baseAuthorityName="Lindau" box="[444,832,1090,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FE62FBF9FD97AF4F" box="[444,597,1090,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">A. comorensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Lindau) T.F. Daniel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the posterior lobe is distinctly shorter than the other four lobes. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FDDAFBD9FCE2AF6F" authority="T. F. Daniel" authorityName="T. F. Daniel" box="[516,800,1122,1145]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mayottensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FDDAFBD9FD63AF6F" box="[516,673,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">A. mayottensis</emphasis>
|
||
T.F. Daniel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
calyces with both five heteromorphic lobes (the posterior lobe shorter than the other four lobes) and with only four homomorphic lobes (the posterior lobe lacking) are present. Thus, the calyx of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FCE2FB19FC7CAFAF" box="[828,958,1186,1209]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FCE2FB19FC7CAFAF" box="[828,958,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">A. pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinctive in the genus only by the fusion of the four homomorphic lobes into two apically lobed pairs. The presence of such fusion for a subset of species in genera with otherwise homomorphic lobes is evident elsewhere in the family (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FE65FAB8FDCAAE0C" box="[443,520,1283,1306]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Ruellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FE65FAB8FDCAAE0C" box="[443,520,1283,1306]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Ruellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), as noted above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFEA0960FF75FA98FEEAA8D9" blockId="5.[123,1174,220,1725]" lastBlockId="6.[123,1174,920,1711]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
The description of pollen provided above is based solely on
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FCF3FA98FBFAAE2C" box="[813,1080,1315,1338]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Rakotonasolo et al. 2254</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="FA89FA9EFFEA0963FB99FA98FB44AE2C" box="[1095,1158,1315,1338]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="6.[171,183,857,876]" captionTargetBox="[120,1175,216,839]" captionTargetId="figure-377@6.[120,1175,216,839]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pollen of Anisotes pulchella (Rakotonasolo et al. 2254). A. Apertural view. B. Oblique view. C. Interapertural view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512860/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Utilizing a different collection of this species (
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FDB2FAF8FCD6AE4C" box="[620,788,1347,1370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FDB2FAF8FD09AE4C" authorityName="Wahl & Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[620,715,1347,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
|
||
17981
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FCF4FAF8FC3EAE4C" author="MULLER, J. & M. SCHULLER & H. STRAKA & B. FRIEDRICH" box="[810,1020,1347,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="138 - 187" refId="ref4482" refString="MULLER, J., M. SCHULLER, H. STRAKA, AND B. FRIEDRICH. 1989. Palynologia Madagassica et Mascarenica. Fam. 182: Acanthaceae. Tropische und Subtropische Pflanzenwelt 67: 138 - 187." type="journal article" year="1989">Muller et al. (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described and illustrated pollen of this species as 2 (–3)-porate and 4 (–6)-pseudocolpate, which differs from the description above primarily by the lack of compound apertures (i.e., colpori). It therefore appears that apertures of pollen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FE4CFA1FFD94AEAD" box="[402,598,1444,1467]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FE4CFA1FFD94AEAD" box="[402,598,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Anisotes pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can vary from two to rarely three in number and from porate to colporate in
|
||
<typeStatus id="BD0958B9FFEA0963FEB3FA7FFE5CAECD" box="[365,414,1476,1499]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. Such palynological variation is not common within species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FB8AFA7FFF0CAEED" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Acanthaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FF06FA5FFEB2AEED" author="BADEN, C." box="[216,368,1508,1531]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="143 - 153" refId="ref3926" refString="BADEN, C. 1981 a. The genus Macrorungia (Acanthaceae), a taxonomic revision. Nordic Journal of Botany 1: 143 - 153." type="journal article" year="1981">Baden (1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FEA4FA5FFE7CAEED" author="BADEN, C." box="[378,446,1508,1531]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="623 - 664" refId="ref3954" refString="BADEN, C. 1981 b. The genus Anisotes (Acanthaceae), a taxonomic revision. Nordic Journal of Botany 1: 623 - 664." type="journal article" year="1981">1981b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FE24FA5FFD08AEED" author="DANIEL, T. F. & R. LETSARA & S. MARTIN-BRAVO" box="[506,714,1508,1531]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="396 - 408" refId="ref4205" refString="DANIEL, T. F., R. LETSARA, AND S. MARTIN-BRAVO. 2013. Four new species of Anisotes (Acanthaceae) from Madagascar. Novon 22: 396 - 408." type="journal article" year="2013">Daniel et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted the following
|
||
<typeStatus id="BD0958B9FFEA0963FC76FA5FFC22AEED" box="[936,992,1508,1531]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of pollen among species of the genus: 2-, 3-, and 4-colporate grains with 4, 6, and 8 pseudocopi, respectively and 2- and 3-aperturate grains with apertures (pores or colpori) in a trema region studded with one or two rows of insulae on each side of the aperture. It is noteworthy that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FCB2F9FEFBC7AD4A" author="BADEN, C." box="[876,1029,1605,1628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="143 - 153" refId="ref3926" refString="BADEN, C. 1981 a. The genus Macrorungia (Acanthaceae), a taxonomic revision. Nordic Journal of Botany 1: 143 - 153." type="journal article" year="1981">Baden (1981a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFEA0963FBCEF9FEFB96AD4A" author="BADEN, C." box="[1040,1108,1605,1628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="623 - 664" refId="ref3954" refString="BADEN, C. 1981 b. The genus Anisotes (Acanthaceae), a taxonomic revision. Nordic Journal of Botany 1: 623 - 664." type="journal article" year="1981">1981b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) indicated that the apertures of 2- and 3-porate grains sometimes showed faint indications of colpi at the pores and that at least one taxon (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFEA0963FE2EF93EFC6DAD8A" authority="C. Baden" authorityName="C. Baden" box="[496,943,1669,1692]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="sessiflorus" subSpecies="iringensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FE2EF93EFD43AD8A" box="[496,641,1669,1692]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">A. sessiflorus</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FD0BF93EFCFCAD8A" box="[725,830,1669,1692]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">iringensis</emphasis>
|
||
C. Baden
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) showed variation in aperture number from two to three. Indeed, colpi evident on
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFEA0963FCCDF91DFBE0ADAB" box="[787,1058,1702,1725]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Rakotonasolo et al. 2254</emphasis>
|
||
are somewhat faint, or at least not as distinct as in species described and illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFE90960FC0BFC23FBB5A8B9" author="BADEN, C." box="[981,1143,920,943]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" pagination="623 - 664" refId="ref3954" refString="BADEN, C. 1981 b. The genus Anisotes (Acanthaceae), a taxonomic revision. Nordic Journal of Botany 1: 623 - 664." type="journal article" year="1981">Baden (1981b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as being colporate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="36CDB693FFE90960FF75FCE2FF14A893" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512860" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512860/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" startId="6.[171,183,857,876]" targetBox="[120,1175,216,839]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFE90960FF75FCE2FF14A893" blockId="6.[123,1172,857,901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFE90960FF75FCE2FF2AA87C" baselines="871,870" box="[171,232,857,876]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
4. Pollen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FE89FCE2FD20A87A" authority="(Rakotonasolo et al. 2254)" baseAuthorityName="Rakotonasolo" baseAuthorityYear="2254" box="[343,738,857,876]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FE89FCE2FE37A87A" box="[343,501,857,876]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Anisotes pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FDDCFCE2FD18A87A" box="[514,730,857,876]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Rakotonasolo et al. 2254</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Apertural view. B. Oblique view. C. Interapertural view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFE90960FF75FC63FBEEAFB9" blockId="6.[123,1174,920,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Thus, the putative morphological characters used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFE90960FD28FC63FC5AA8F9" author="BENOIST, R." box="[758,920,984,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" pagination="1031 - 1038" refId="ref4007" refString="BENOIST, R. 1930 (" 1929 "). Descriptions d'especes nouvelles d'Acanthacees de Madagascar. Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France 76: 1031 - 1038." type="journal article" year="1930">Benoist (1930)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
only partially, and not very effectively, distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FE6AFC43FDD4AF19" box="[436,534,1016,1039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Danguya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FE6AFC43FDD4AF19" box="[436,534,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Danguya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FD80FC43FD7AAF19" box="[606,696,1016,1039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FD80FC43FD7AAF19" box="[606,696,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Anisotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the current circumscription of the latter genus. Only in instances where pollen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FD99FBA3FD08AF39" box="[583,714,1048,1071]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FD99FBA3FD08AF39" box="[583,714,1048,1071]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">A. pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 2-porate, 4-pseudocolpate, and lacking insulae (e.g., usually in
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FE59FB83FDF1AF59" box="[391,563,1080,1103]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FE59FB83FE24AF59" authorityName="Wahl & Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[391,486,1080,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
|
||
17981
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFE90960FD9AFB83FCD2AF59" author="MULLER, J. & M. SCHULLER & H. STRAKA & B. FRIEDRICH" box="[580,784,1080,1103]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" pagination="138 - 187" refId="ref4482" refString="MULLER, J., M. SCHULLER, H. STRAKA, AND B. FRIEDRICH. 1989. Palynologia Madagassica et Mascarenica. Fam. 182: Acanthaceae. Tropische und Subtropische Pflanzenwelt 67: 138 - 187." type="journal article" year="1989">Muller et al. 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Plate 182/XXX, figs. 1–8) does it differ from that of other species in the genus. The only unique character of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FC7FFBE3FBE0AF79" box="[929,1058,1112,1135]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FC7FFBE3FBE0AF79" box="[929,1058,1112,1135]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">A. pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the genus appears to be the fusion of four of the calyx lobes into two pairs. Indeed, this fusion, is likely synapomorphic for the species and readily serves to distinguish it from its congeners.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFE90960FF75FB03FC8CAED9" blockId="6.[123,1174,920,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||
The few known specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FDD0FB03FD57AFD9" box="[526,661,1208,1231]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FDD0FB03FD57AFD9" box="[526,661,1208,1231]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">A. pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are rather homogeneous in most characters. However, two collections (
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FE77FB63FD82AFF9" box="[425,576,1240,1263]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Bosser 18484</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FDA3FB63FCE9AFF9" box="[637,811,1240,1263]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FDA3FB63FD1EAFF9" authorityName="Wahl & Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[637,732,1240,1263]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
|
||
17981
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) are noteworthy by their young stems, which have much sparser and shorter trichomes with the longer (to
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFE90960FC1BFB43FBD4AE19" box="[965,1046,1272,1295]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) ones concentrated in two lines; leaves, which are narrower (up to 3.3 times longer than wide), acute at the base, acuminate at the apex, and mostly pubescent only along the major veins; and the very inconspicuous trichomes on abaxial surface of bracts, which appear almost glabrous. In other characters, they agree with the typical form of the species. They possibly represent either a seasonal (both of these collections were collected later in the year [August and November] than most of the other collections studied here) or an ecological form of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFE90960FF75FA63FE54AD79" blockId="6.[123,1174,920,1711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FF75FA63FEADAEF9" box="[171,367,1496,1519]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FF75FA63FEADAEF9" box="[171,367,1496,1519]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Anisotes pulchella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows numerous similarities to plants from the transitional forest remnants between Sakaraha and Isalo National Park in southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1AA5A68BFFE90960FCD9FA43FC4AAD19" box="[775,904,1528,1551]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FC0EFA43FBA7AD19" box="[976,1125,1528,1551]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Bosser 17314</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FBABFA43FEFBAD39" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Du Puy et al. MB644</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FEABF9A3FDECAD39" box="[373,558,1560,1583]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Rogers et al. 441</emphasis>
|
||
). These yet to be identified plants, which occur at elevations between 720 and
|
||
<quantity id="A54A4BFEFFE90960FEA3F983FE01AD59" box="[381,451,1592,1615]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="770.0">770 m</quantity>
|
||
, differ by having pink bracts and white corollas with pink to red markings on the lower lip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFE90961FF75F9C3FD15AA83" blockId="6.[123,1174,920,1711]" lastBlockId="7.[123,1174,220,731]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Preliminary molecular phylogenetic studies that included some Old World
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FC1DF9C3FBE9AD99" box="[963,1067,1656,1679]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Justicieae">Justicieae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFE90960FBE6F9C3FF2EADB9" author="MCDADE, L. A. & T. F. DANIEL & S. E. MASTA & K. M. RILEY" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" pagination="435 - 458" refId="ref4422" refString="MCDADE, L. A., T. F. DANIEL, S. E. MASTA, AND K. M. RILEY. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Justicieae (Acanthaceae): Evidence from molecular sequences, morphology, and cytology. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 87: 435 - 458." type="journal article" year="2000">McDade et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE90960FE46F923FE30ADB9" box="[408,498,1688,1711]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE90960FE46F923FE30ADB9" box="[408,498,1688,1711]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Anisotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as currently delimited, is not monophyletic. Indeed,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06239BEAFFE90961FBF3F923FF03ABE5" author="KIEL, C. A. & T. F. DANIEL & I. DARBYSHIRE & L. A. MCDADE" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" pagination="645 - 674" refId="ref4370" refString="KIEL, C. A., T. F. DANIEL, I. DARBYSHIRE, AND L. A. MCDADE. 2017. Unraveling relationships in the morphologically diverse and taxonomically challenging " justicioid " lineage (Acanthaceae: Justicieae). Taxon 66: 645 - 674." type="journal article" year="2017">Kiel et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
confirmed this; revealed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE80961FE21FF67FBD2ABE5" authority="T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Martin-Bravo" authorityName="T. F. Daniel, Letsara & Martin-Bravo" box="[511,1040,220,243]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perplexus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FE21FF67FD46ABE5" box="[511,644,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">A. perplexus</emphasis>
|
||
T.F. Daniel, Letsara & Martín-Bravo
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1AA5A68BFFE80961FB8EFF67FF03AA05" name="Madagascar" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which shows morphological affinities to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE80961FD52FF47FD24AA05" box="[652,742,252,275]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FD52FF47FD24AA05" box="[652,742,252,275]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Anisotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but has pollen like that found in Whitfieldieae and Isoglossinae, pertains to the latter subtribe; and that a potentially monophyletic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE80961FFA5FE86FF3BAA42" box="[123,249,317,340]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Metarungia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FFA5FE86FF3BAA42" box="[123,249,317,340]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Metarungia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pertains to a clade sister to that containing most species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE80961FC5BFE86FC1DAA42" box="[901,991,317,340]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FC5BFE86FC1DAA42" box="[901,991,317,340]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Anisotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Comprehensive molecular and morphological studies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE80961FDF2FEE5FD44AA63" box="[556,646,350,373]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FDF2FEE5FD44AA63" box="[556,646,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Anisotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are much to be desired in order to better unravel relationships among taxa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE80961FE72FEC5FDD6AA83" box="[428,532,382,405]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Justicieae">Justicieae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Old World.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2AA8B590FFE80961FF75FE24FC60A9CD" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="620DE61BFFE80961FF75FE24FC60A9CD" blockId="7.[123,1174,220,731]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FF75FE24FD81AAA3" bold="true" box="[171,579,415,438]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFE80961FF75FE24FEF4AAA3" baselines="432,432" box="[171,310,415,438]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Additional" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">ADDITIONAL</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFE80961FE98FE18FE7DAAA3" baselines="432" box="[326,447,419,437]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="specimens" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">SPECIMENS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="64EB70C7FFE80961FE0EFE18FD81AAA3" baselines="432" box="[464,579,419,437]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="examined" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">EXAMINED</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D2DAEC46FFE80961FDA9FE24FC9EAAC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905162304" collectorName="J. Bosser" country="Madagascar" latitude="-18.316668" location="Antananarivo" longLatPrecision="1275" longitude="47.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antananarivo">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1AA5A68BFFE80961FDA9FE24FCFBAAA0" box="[631,825,415,438]" name="Madagascar" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FC8EFE24FC3CAAA0" bold="true" box="[848,1022,415,438]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A07628F9FFE80961FC8EFE24FC3BAAA0" box="[848,1017,415,438]" country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Antananarivo</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FBD1FE24FEF5AAC1" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Tompoketsa d’Ankazobe, P.K.</collectorName>
|
||
135 [ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FE46FE7BFE2DAAC1" box="[408,495,448,471]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="925" value="-17.916666">17°55′S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FE27FE7BFD95AAC1" box="[505,599,448,471]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="925" value="47.1">47°06’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FDB6FE7BFCD0AAC1" box="[616,786,448,471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FDB6FE7BFD08AAC1" box="[616,714,448,471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">J. Bosser</collectorName>
|
||
18484
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D2DAEC46FFE80961FCBFFE7BFD57AAE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905162301" collectorName="R. Decary" country="Madagascar" latitude="-18.316668" location="Antananarivo" longLatPrecision="1275" longitude="47.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antananarivo">
|
||
Ambohimalaza près d’Ankazobe [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FF62FE5BFED6AAE1" box="[188,276,480,503]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="925" value="-18.316668">18°19′S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FEFFFE5BFE48AAE1" box="[289,394,480,503]" degrees="047" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="925" value="47.1">047°06′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FE42FE5BFD85AAE1" box="[412,583,480,503]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FE42FE5BFDCBAAE1" box="[412,521,480,503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">R. Decary</collectorName>
|
||
7719
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, P)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D2DAEC46FFE80961FD7FFE5BFC5FA90E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905162302" collectorName="P. Boiteau" country="United States of America" latitude="-16.64689" location="Tananarive - Majunga" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.652603" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga">
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FD7FFE5BFCEEAAE1" bold="true" box="[673,812,480,503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A07628F9FFE80961FD7FFE5BFCEAAAE1" box="[673,808,480,503]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Mahajanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
KM 180 de la route
|
||
<location id="676DB0C0FFE80961FBCCFE5BFF1FA90E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA1B570DFFED0961FFA5FC21FC60A9CD:676DB0C0FFE80961FBCCFE5BFF1FA90E" country="United States of America" latitude="-16.64689" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.652603" name="Tananarive - Majunga" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Tananarive– Majunga</location>
|
||
, sur
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FECEFDBAFE69A90E" box="[272,427,513,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">le Tampoketsa</collectorName>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FE64FDBAFDD1A90E" box="[442,531,513,536]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="925" value="-17.75">17°45′S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FDC1FDBAFD4FA90E" box="[543,653,513,536]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" value="47.01">047°01″E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FD41FDBAFC88A90E" box="[671,842,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FD41FDBAFCCCA90E" box="[671,782,513,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">P. Boiteau</collectorName>
|
||
3012
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, P);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D2DAEC46FFE80961FC7AFDBAFDF9A94F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905162309" collectorName="G. Cours" country="United States of America" latitude="-16.64689" location="Tananarive - Majunga" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.652603" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga">
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FC7AFDBAFF55A92E" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Massif du Vohimbohitra</collectorName>
|
||
près
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FF3DFD9AFEBCA92E" box="[227,382,545,568]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">de Manakana</collectorName>
|
||
, district
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FE35FD9AFD57A92E" box="[491,661,545,568]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">de Tsaratanana</collectorName>
|
||
, au sommet du massif, [ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FC2DFD9AFB50A92E" box="[1011,1170,545,568]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="52.61" value="-17.831282">17°49′52.61″S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FFA5FDF9FEE8A94F" box="[123,298,578,601]" degrees="047" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="08.91" value="47.43581">047°26′08.91″E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FE9EFDF9FE27A94F" box="[320,485,578,601]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FE9EFDF9FE67A94F" box="[320,421,578,601]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">G. Cours</collectorName>
|
||
1522
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(P, K);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D2DAEC46FFE80961FD9BFDF9FDA9A96C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905162305" collectorName="H. Humbert" country="United States of America" latitude="-16.64689" location="Tananarive - Majunga" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.652603" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga">
|
||
<locationDeviation id="73BFFF39FFE80961FD9BFDF9FC70A94F" box="[581,946,578,601]" firstLocation="Mandritsara" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" secondLocation="Andilamena">entre Mandritsara et Andilamena</locationDeviation>
|
||
, [ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FC2DFDF9FB50A94F" box="[1011,1170,578,601]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="48.81" value="-16.64689">16°38′48.81″S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FFA5FDD8FEDFA96C" box="[123,285,611,634]" degrees="048" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="9.36" value="48.652603">048°39′9.36″E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FEF0FDD8FE34A96C" box="[302,502,611,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
H.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5B29D98FFE80961FE90FDD8FE6FA96C" authorityName="Wahl & Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[334,429,611,634]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humbert</taxonomicName>
|
||
17981
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, P,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1AA5A68BFFE80961FDE3FDD8FDA1A96C" box="[573,611,611,634]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D2DAEC46FFE80961FDA8FDD8FB96A98C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905162307" collectionCode="TAN" collectorName="H. Perrier de la Bathie" country="United States of America" latitude="-17.795776" location="Mahatsinjo sur le Tampoketsa" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="47.435055" municipality="l'Ikopa" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga">
|
||
près de
|
||
<location id="676DB0C0FFE80961FD16FDD8FBC4A96C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA1B570DFFED0961FFA5FC21FC60A9CD:676DB0C0FFE80961FD16FDD8FBC4A96C" box="[712,1030,611,634]" country="United States of America" latitude="-17.795776" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="47.435055" municipality="l'Ikopa" name="Mahatsinjo sur le Tampoketsa" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Mahajanga">Mahatsinjo sur le Tampoketsa</location>
|
||
entre
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="82697C61FFE80961FB96FDD8FB57A96C" box="[1096,1173,611,634]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">l’Ikopa</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
et
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FF4BFD38FEDEA98C" box="[149,284,643,666]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">le Betsiboka</collectorName>
|
||
, [ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FE88FD38FE36A98C" box="[342,500,643,666]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="26.49" value="-17.740692">17°44′26.49″S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FDDEFD38FD6DA98C" box="[512,687,643,666]" degrees="047" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="15.34" value="47.070927">047°04′15.34″E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FD1FFD38FBC6A98C" box="[705,1028,643,666]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FD1FFD38FC78A98C" box="[705,954,643,666]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">H. Perrier de la Bâthie</collectorName>
|
||
17643
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, P);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D2DAEC46FFE80961FB85FD38FC5FA9CD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905162303" collectionCode="TAN" collectorName="F. Rakotonasolo" country="United States of America" latitude="-17.795776" location="Mahatsinjo sur le Tampoketsa" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="47.435055" municipality="l'Ikopa" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mahajanga">
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FB85FD38FEC1A9AD" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Distr. Tsaratanana</collectorName>
|
||
, Region Betsiboka, Ambohimanga, Commune Manakana, Vohimbohitra,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FFA5FD7FFECEA9CD" box="[123,268,708,731]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="44.8" value="-17.795776">17°47′44.8″S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="078680DCFFE80961FEC9FD7FFE75A9CD" box="[279,439,708,731]" degrees="047" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="06.2" value="47.435055">047°26′06.2″E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="50C63A09FFE80961FE1CFD7FFD28A9CD" box="[450,746,708,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectorName id="CF4783CDFFE80961FE1CFD7FFDB2A9CD" box="[450,624,708,731]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">F. Rakotonasolo</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 2254
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(CAS, K,
|
||
<collectionCode id="04A37EDEFFE80961FC83FD7FFC55A9CD" box="[861,919,708,731]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |