122 lines
16 KiB
XML
122 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="F1869EC1C89D2842B4EC5C4981A24839" ID-CLB-Dataset="5948" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4980.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f36e1c1f-1bfa-4fbc-b2dd-5edf6c7173af" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4896889" ID-ZooBank="F1FCA8AC-A984-4547-8A05-F1993BDAEE7C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622722708824" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2021" docId="03CC8790033B391BC5BA41037B5FAC1A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4980.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4980 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ophidiasteridae Verrill 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="418" masterDocId="FFF5FFE8032A390AC52D45617F37AA6F" masterDocTitle="The East Pacific / South Pacific Boundary: New taxa and occurrences from Rapa Nui (Easter Island), New Caledonia and adjacent regions" masterLastPageNumber="450" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="418" updateTime="1698999201094" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="4008580C514828A5D44A4F4401790C5F">The East Pacific / South Pacific Boundary: New taxa and occurrences from Rapa Nui (Easter Island), New Caledonia and adjacent regions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="93EAB6E0DF47ED437621034C86EFFC15">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9F17904C72868D04D5213632DCB9E41B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2192A731E2E27FE9EAB82C7370B30FE0">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03CC8790033B391BC5BA41037B5FAC1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4896931" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183202792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4896931" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC8790033B391BC5BA41037B5FAC1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC8790033B391BC5BA41037B5FAC1A" lastPageNumber="418" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
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<heading id="D09281EA033B391BC5BA41037D67AE13" bold="true" box="[151,592,1122,1148]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC5BA41037D67AE13" ID-CoL="7NK5V" authority="Verrill, 1870" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,592,1122,1148]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC5BA41037D67AE13" bold="true" box="[151,592,1122,1148]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
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OPHIDIASTERIDAE
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033B391BC49841037D67AE13" author="Verrill, A. E." box="[437,592,1122,1148]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" pagination="247 - 251" refId="ref31986" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1870) Notes on Radiata in the Museum of Yale College. 1. Descriptions of new starfishes from New Zealand. 2. Notice on the echinoderms of Panama and the West coast of America. 3. On the geographical distribution of echinoderms of the Pacific coast of America. Transactions of the Connecticut Acadademy of Arts and Sciences, 1 (2), 247 - 251 + 251 - 322 + 323 - 351. [1867, first printing of at least numbers 1 - 3 destroyed by fire, see notes in Clark & Downey 1992: 549]" type="journal article" year="1870">Verrill, 1870</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F650D033B391BC5BA41CB7B5FAC1A" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033B391BC5BA41CB7C6CAF3A" blockId="17.[151,1437,1194,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC5BA41CB7E28AEAB" bold="true" box="[151,287,1194,1220]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Comments.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033B391BC40B41CA7D30AEAA" author="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W." box="[294,519,1195,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" pagination="769 - 788" refId="ref30190" refString="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W. (2011) Molecular Phylogeny of the Valvatacea (Asteroidea, Echinodermata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 161, 769 - 788. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2010.00659. x" type="journal article" year="2011">Mah & Foltz (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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showed the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC7B941CA7C72AEAA" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[660,837,1195,1221]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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as paraphyletic with some genera supported as members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC40D41AE7E88AE86" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1841" box="[288,447,1231,1257]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Goniasteridae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033B391BC4E041AE7D61AE86" author="Mah, C. L." box="[461,598,1231,1257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref30028" refString="Mah, C. L. (2017) Overview of the Ferdina - like Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including a new subfamily, three new genera and fourteen new species. Zootaxa, 4271 (1) 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4271.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Mah (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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provisionally diagnosed the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC68541AE7B6EAE86" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[936,1113,1231,1257]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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and outlined several of the morphological character diagnoses for the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC75B41927C10AF62" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[630,807,1267,1293]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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throughout its history.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033B391BC10141927BF3AF62" author="Mah, C. L." box="[1068,1220,1267,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref30028" refString="Mah, C. L. (2017) Overview of the Ferdina - like Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including a new subfamily, three new genera and fourteen new species. Zootaxa, 4271 (1) 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4271.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Mah’s (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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treatment included efforts to separate genera such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC73640767DAFAF5E" authorityName="Livingstone" authorityYear="1931" box="[539,664,1303,1329]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Neoferdina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC73640767DAFAF5E" box="[539,664,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Neoferdina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC7FF40767C1CAF5E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[722,811,1303,1329]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ferdina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC7FF40767C1CAF5E" box="[722,811,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Ferdina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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into the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC6BE40767B18AF5E" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1841" box="[915,1071,1303,1329]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Goniasteridae</taxonomicName>
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and to establish some character boundaries between the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC48A405A7D74AF3A" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1841" box="[423,579,1339,1365]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Goniasteridae</taxonomicName>
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and the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC78F405A7C60AF3A" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[674,855,1339,1365]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA3686033B391BC5EA403E7B5FAC1A" blockId="17.[151,1437,1194,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
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Although the taxonomic boundaries of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC790403E7C59AF16" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[701,878,1375,1401]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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has not been comprehensively established, data from
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033B391BC5FE40E27E86AFF2" author="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W." box="[211,433,1411,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" pagination="769 - 788" refId="ref30190" refString="Mah, C. L. & Foltz, D. W. (2011) Molecular Phylogeny of the Valvatacea (Asteroidea, Echinodermata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 161, 769 - 788. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2010.00659. x" type="journal article" year="2011">Mah & Foltz (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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suggest that taxa, such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC7FC40E27C12AFF2" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1834" box="[721,805,1411,1437]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Linckia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC7FC40E27C12AFF2" box="[721,805,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Linckia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC66540E27C93AFF3" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1852" box="[840,932,1411,1436]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Leiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC66540E27C93AFF3" box="[840,932,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Leiaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which are similar to more typological forms, such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC5C040C67E44AFAE" baseAuthorityName="Ziesenhenne" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[237,371,1447,1473]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC5C040C67E44AFAE" box="[237,371,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Ophidiaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are supported as members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC7CE40C67CAFAFAE" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[739,920,1447,1473]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B77033B391BC68C40C67B12AFAE" author="Mah, C. L." box="[929,1061,1447,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref30028" refString="Mah, C. L. (2017) Overview of the Ferdina - like Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including a new subfamily, three new genera and fourteen new species. Zootaxa, 4271 (1) 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4271.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Mah (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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outlined diagnostic characters for the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC5ED40AA7E43AF8A" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[192,372,1483,1509]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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, including the small disk, elongate, cylindrical arms, granular covering and putatively, tesselate abactinal plates as well as the identical appearance of the marginal and abactinal plates. However, both Mah & Foltz (2017) and some treatments of ophidiasterid affinities, such as those of Fisher (1919: 370) suggested that some genera, lacking the identical marginal and abactinal plate character, such as
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC69843567B28AC3F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[949,1055,1591,1616]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Narcissia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B911EA94033B391BC69843567B28AC3F" box="[949,1055,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Narcissia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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could be justifiably placed among the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC5ED433A7E69AC1A" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1841" box="[192,350,1627,1653]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Goniasteridae</taxonomicName>
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, suggesting further adjustments to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D05033B391BC622433A7CF7AC1A" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[783,960,1627,1653]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophidiasteridae</taxonomicName>
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are warranted.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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