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<document id="ED7C9A51B037981BA2A73FA3118A3D85" ID-CLB-Dataset="6077" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4985.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a2b4ffb5-baab-44bd-91c4-76a6816e98e2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956293" ID-ZooBank="2BDD3B3F-9A50-45FF-BE75-0082571F756F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623759671216" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Akbar, Shahid Ali, Bharti, Himender, Kanturski, Mariusz &amp; Wachkoo, Aijaz Ahmad" docDate="2021" docId="03BF102CFFF03559FF5A8E2BFBC5FD86" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4985.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4985 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Syllophopsis peetersi Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="412" masterDocId="FF866854FFF23550FFCD8855FFDBFF9F" masterDocTitle="First record of the myrmicine ant genus Syllophopsis Santschi, 1915 (Hymenoptera Formicidae) from India with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="413" masterPageNumber="403" pageNumber="405" updateTime="1699016646047" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="E257BE90FDD19FF2C1CF53F04224FDA5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E64B17AE574304AC15F20CA09DBFD4F1">
<mods:title id="ED746B51701667311AA40EA167D847DA">First record of the myrmicine ant genus Syllophopsis Santschi, 1915 (Hymenoptera Formicidae) from India with description of a new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="265C6BA832574A1ABCDDB80E6C71DD8C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FAA918119D49590537C04B2E4A4EEA81">
<mods:roleTerm id="3BAB210C951307F084CA7AF8026B927A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="249A167B2B463E679BC04E43B831E0CD">Akbar, Shahid Ali</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8B8E45714947AAA9221E10F5C3170245" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0284-136X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F176D118EF0708FBB4E2D4EDCFB01FFF" type="email">kingakbarali@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="20A2C067699F23D8AAE1D66AD36716F6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B09E70B2FE9D91B9090DF22E03514C30">
<mods:roleTerm id="15701B4F8A313D94655D3DAED3DE29C2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D784E2DB77809760A03BBBF644606515">Bharti, Himender</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="30C52AD44BCBE22CAFA61C1E5E9E0B2C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5996-1808</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="92BFD29AB62F75A532686881DFEE73CB">Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab- 147002 India himenderbharti @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5996 - 1808</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="88BF4B09B729F115251F90037697A8BB" type="email">himenderbharti@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0051643BFC2D4E2BDDE9BD18DB6682A6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="418F1F2CFCF17A2966F1806854C4B925">
<mods:roleTerm id="C821C544C1459C3E6B3DEF34DDB36808">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BCE8060B778978212C6DF7D5407B1805">Kanturski, Mariusz</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="07A7E18A2D2D6C4D634E590AF1FC2D34">Zoology Research Team, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40 - 007 Katowice, Poland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CF2DB40F0BBF63548071DAE25FD6BA1A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C5D2CE6F7676B0367D2CA276B0F51A2C">
<mods:roleTerm id="CF4AA3E9454635BF50B5BBBFAD2762FF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="641DBD4523D7694328363F4C9DC3AF91">Wachkoo, Aijaz Ahmad</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="96474EE5CC08B949B412CB917E8F856D">Department of Zoology, Govt. Degree College, Shopian, Jammu and Kashmir- 192303 India</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C1D885CD6CC3A0F937B96411C3721785">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="C3895DE00F4C39568CBB2ABA4C95F706" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="06A719E0365C69A7F505D20EE001D693">
<mods:title id="DACC43E143A9F0916B6A1906A4E56097">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4936734069B15FB81CF21BCFAA06C59C">
<mods:date id="10D0F35910DBCC03D882C6B9761493EA">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="871ECC80A05A64C78DDE4309FDDA9DC4" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="DBB89F018C5B5C6F6822C78221813017">2021-06-15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A2FD362064608D7DAB1BD0D7FF689F69" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9C1FB7685DDD0EE83E32685200453D5A">4985</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5DC9D8C0807B7B30BAD0C9697D871D15" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F3E296132A9005B8E75E6916483AA96B">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="804E757E1DA89A41C3551C1023E5F382" unit="page">
<mods:start id="9F988754A4422A80AC07DB597E14CD5C">403</mods:start>
<mods:end id="A9E8F574AB0DFE46ACFC70AD48933790">413</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="E7C523B4D94C52A2C22926C5E18F65FC">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="796A1960CD34D4F5AD4E73876216A350" type="CLB-Dataset">6077</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FEC02A12A25A8EEF0336748980B2A7BA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4985.3.7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="053F9A69D19AA8D240C2008673178B09" type="GBIF-Dataset">a2b4ffb5-baab-44bd-91c4-76a6816e98e2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E0484B554B01FF940AE002A7DF215712" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D7BA4D0A6396EC9F37E3CECCF89E6340" type="Zenodo-Dep">4956293</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="87D298CED22DC554E3DD20215E8E0E78" type="ZooBank">2BDD3B3F-9A50-45FF-BE75-0082571F756F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03BF102CFFF03559FF5A8E2BFBC5FD86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956297" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182744495" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956297" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF102CFFF03559FF5A8E2BFBC5FD86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF102CFFF03559FF5A8E2BFBC5FD86" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="412" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">
<subSubSection id="C30CF2B1FFF03552FF5A8E2BFE23F906" box="[151,504,1662,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF03552FF5A8E2BFE23F906" blockId="2.[151,504,1662,1726]" box="[151,504,1662,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">
<heading id="D0E11656FFF03552FF5A8E2BFE23F906" bold="true" box="[151,504,1662,1689]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF03552FF5A8E2BFE23F906" bold="true" box="[151,504,1662,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">
<taxonomicName id="4C16DAB9FFF03552FF5A8E2BFE48F906" authority="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo, 2021" authorityName="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,403,1662,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Syllophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peetersi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF03552FF5A8E2BFE48F906" bold="true" box="[151,403,1662,1689]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">Syllophopsis peetersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251C053FFF03552FE578E2AFE23F906" box="[410,504,1663,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30CF2B1FFF03552FF5A8EF6FEF4F921" box="[151,303,1699,1726]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF03552FF5A8EF6FEF4F921" blockId="2.[151,504,1662,1726]" box="[151,303,1699,1726]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">
(
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF03552FF528EF6FEFCF921" box="[159,295,1699,1726]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionStartId-4="8.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox-0="[230,1359,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetBox-2="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetBox-3="[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetBox-4="[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@4.[229,1359,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@5.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId-3="figure-17@7.[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetId-4="figure-26@8.[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Holotype worker. (a) Head, full-face view; (b) Body, lateral view; (c) Body, dorsal view; (d) Type locality of new species." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. (worker), Head. (a) full face-view; (b) lateral-view, eye (E); (c) eyes with 9-ommatidia; (d) curved sensilla in-between eye ommatidia; (e) median clypeus with two teeth, anteromedian seta (MCS), anterior tentorial pit (at), frontal carina (Frc), clypeus (Clp), mandible (Md); (f–g) sculptured mandibles with 4-teeth and one denticle on second basal tooth; (h) anterior tentorial pit, enlarged; (i) antennal basal socket, torulus (to), torular lobe (tol); (j–k) enlarged basal socket with antennal bulbus having series of sensilla trichodea; (l–m) enlarged sensilla trichodea and its basal socket." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. meso- and metasoma. (a) Lateral view of mesosoma with, pronotum (NI), mesonotum (N2), metanotum (N3), propodeum (IT), petiole (P), coxa (Cx), and trochanter (Tr); (b) dorsal view of mesosoma; (c–d) striolate metanotal groove; (e–g) propodeal spiracle and metapleural gland opening; (f) propodeal spiracle (enlarged); (g) metapleural gland opening (enlarged); (h–i) petiole and postpetiole; (j) gastral tergites and sting; (k) terminal gastral segment opening; (l–m) dorsal and lateral view of metasoma, postpetiole (PP), first to fourth tergite (t1–t4)." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Legs. (a) femur (Fe), tibia (Tb), calcar of strigil (Ca), basitarsus (Btar), tarsus (T); (b–c) tibia (Tb), calcar (Ca); (d–e) calcar enlarged surface with groves; (f) basitarsus (Btar); (g–j) enlarged basitarsus with notch and modified spatulate setae; (k–m) claws with arolium and long curved setae; (n–o) tarsomere (tar 1–tar 3) with stout sensilla trichodea." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956299" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956301" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956307" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956309" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4956299/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4956301/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4956307/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4956309/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">Figures 2–6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30CF2B1FFF03552FF5A8EBEFBD0F842" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF03552FF5A8EBEFBD0F842" blockId="2.[151,1437,1771,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF03552FF5A8EBEFF3FF89A" bold="true" box="[151,228,1771,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">Types.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7EAB67FFF03552FF3D8EBEFA8FF8B6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3301778303" collectingDate="2011-09-25" collectionCode="PUAC" collectorName="Winkler &amp; S. A. Akbar" country="India" elevation="900" latitude="11.0939" location="Silent Valley National Park" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="76.4462" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" specimenCode="PUAC5001" specimenCount="900" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54AD1F98FFF03552FF3D8EBEFE83F89A" box="[240,344,1771,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
worker:
<collectingCountry id="F301E1AAFFF03552FE058EBEFDDFF89A" box="[456,516,1771,1797]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D26FD8FFF03552FDD88EBEFDB9F89A" box="[533,610,1771,1797]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">Kerala</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EC9F7E1FFF03552FDBF8EBEFC6DF89A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF102CFFF03559FF5A8E2BFBC5FD86:8EC9F7E1FFF03552FDBF8EBEFC6DF89A" box="[626,950,1771,1797]" country="India" latitude="11.0939" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="76.4462" name="Silent Valley National Park" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" stateProvince="Kerala">Silent Valley National Park</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE22C7FDFFF03552FC0A8EBEFBE3F89A" box="[967,1080,1771,1797]" degrees="11.0939" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" precision="5" value="11.0939">11.0939N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE22C7FDFFF03552FB858EBEFB6CF89A" box="[1096,1207,1771,1797]" degrees="76.4462" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" precision="5" value="76.4462">76.4462E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D26FD8FFF03552FB058EBEFACEF89A" box="[1224,1301,1771,1797]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">Kerala</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F301E1AAFFF03552FAE88EBEFABAF89A" box="[1317,1377,1771,1797]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">India</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCount id="9D106AB3FFF03552FABF8EBEFF63F8B6" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CEE0CDFFFF03552FABF8EBEFF6FF8B6" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" unit="m" value="900.0">
<elevation id="003B4609FFF03552FABF8EBEFF6FF8B6" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
a.s.l.,
<date id="FFA887FAFFF03552FF348F5BFEA8F8B6" box="[249,371,1806,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" value="2011-09-25">
<collectingDate id="EFEC7E12FFF03552FF348F5BFEA8F8B6" box="[249,371,1806,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" value="2011-09-25">25.ix.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26E3C4ECFFF03552FE4D8F5AFE00F8B6" box="[384,475,1807,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">Winkler</collectorName>
extraction method, leg.
<collectorName id="26E3C4ECFFF03552FD3A8F5AFCACF8B6" box="[759,887,1807,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">S.A. Akbar</collectorName>
(unique specimen identifier
<specimenCode id="DBB00941FFF03552FB098F5BFA97F8B6" box="[1220,1356,1806,1833]" collectionCode="PUAC" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">PUAC5001</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B7EAB67FFF03552FAAC8F5AFC6EF8D2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3301778305" collectingDate="2011-09-25" collectionCode="PUAC" collectorName="Winkler &amp; S. A. Akbar" country="India" elevation="900" latitude="11.0939" location="Silent Valley National Park" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="76.4462" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" specimenCode="PUAC5002, PUAC5007" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-worker="6" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54AD1F98FFF03552FAAC8F5AFF0DF8D2" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D106AB3FFF03552FF2C8F66FE94F8D2" box="[225,335,1843,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="worker">6 workers</specimenCount>
with same data as holotype (
<specimenCode id="DBB00941FFF03552FD5F8F67FCC3F8D2" box="[658,792,1842,1869]" collectionCode="PUAC" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">PUAC5002</specimenCode>
–
<specimenCode id="DBB00941FFF03552FCEA8F67FC77F8D2" box="[807,940,1842,1869]" collectionCode="PUAC" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">PUAC5007</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. Additional material examined:
<materialsCitation id="3B7EAB67FFF03552FAD58F66FABAF8EE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3301778304" collectorName="Badriya Juma Masjid &amp; Mukkali" country="India" elevation="700" latitude="11.0618" location="Silent Valley National park" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="76.539" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" specimenCount="14" specimenCount-worker="14" stateProvince="Kerala">
<specimenCount id="9D106AB3FFF03552FAD58F66FA43F8D2" box="[1304,1432,1843,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="worker">14 workers</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8EC9F7E1FFF03552FF5A8F02FE11F8EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF102CFFF03559FF5A8E2BFBC5FD86:8EC9F7E1FFF03552FF5A8F02FE11F8EE" box="[151,458,1879,1905]" country="India" latitude="11.0618" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="76.539" name="Silent Valley National park" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" stateProvince="Kerala">Silent Valley National park</location>
near
<collectorName id="26E3C4ECFFF03552FDC78F02FD25F8EE" box="[522,766,1879,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">Badriya Juma Masjid</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26E3C4ECFFF03552FCC78F02FCB7F8EE" box="[778,876,1879,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">Mukkali</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE22C7FDFFF03552FCB58F02FC32F8EE" box="[888,1001,1879,1905]" degrees="11.0618" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" precision="5" value="11.0618">11.0618N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE22C7FDFFF03552FC388F03FBBFF8EE" box="[1013,1124,1878,1905]" degrees="76.5390" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" precision="5" value="76.539">76.5390E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D26FD8FFF03552FBBD8F02FB66F8EE" box="[1136,1213,1879,1905]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">Kerala</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F301E1AAFFF03552FB078F02FADDF8EE" box="[1226,1286,1879,1905]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">India</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4CEE0CDFFFF03552FADF8F02FABAF8EE" box="[1298,1377,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" unit="m" value="700.0">
<specimenCount id="9D106AB3FFF03552FADF8F02FABAF8EE" box="[1298,1377,1879,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="generic">
<elevation id="003B4609FFF03552FADF8F02FABAF8EE" box="[1298,1377,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
</specimenCount>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.a.s.l.,
<date id="FFA887FAFFF03552FF5A8F2EFEC2F80A" box="[151,281,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" value="2016-12-20">20.xii.2016</date>
, Winkler extraction method;
<materialsCitation id="3B7EAB67FFF03552FDA88F2EFBDAF80A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3301778307" box="[613,1025,1915,1941]" collectionCode="PSAA" country="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" specimenCode="PSAA0001, PSAA0008" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-worker="8" stateProvince="Kerala">
<specimenCount id="9D106AB3FFF03552FDA88F2EFD0EF80A" box="[613,725,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="worker">8 workers</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DBB00941FFF03552FD288F2EFCBDF80A" box="[741,870,1915,1941]" collectionCode="PSAA" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">PSAA0001</specimenCode>
–
<specimenCode id="DBB00941FFF03552FCBB8F2EFC22F80A" box="[886,1017,1915,1941]" collectionCode="PSAA" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">PSAA0008</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7EAB67FFF03552FBC08F2EFDDDF826" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3301778302" collectionCode="NMNH" country="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-worker="2" stateProvince="Kerala">
<specimenCount id="9D106AB3FFF03552FBC08F2EFBA6F80A" box="[1037,1149,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="worker">2 workers</specimenCount>
(PSAA0009–PSAA0010 for molecular analysis,
<collectionCode id="ED0739FFFFF03552FE6E8FCAFE25F826" box="[419,510,1951,1977]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7EAB67FFF03552FDDF8FCAFB0EF826" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3301778301" box="[530,1237,1951,1977]" collectionCode="USKP" country="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-worker="2" stateProvince="Kerala">
<specimenCount id="9D106AB3FFF03552FDDF8FCAFD58F826" box="[530,643,1951,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="worker">2 workers</specimenCount>
(PSAA00011–PSAA0012 for SEM studies,
<collectionCode id="ED0739FFFFF03552FB4C8FCAFB15F826" box="[1153,1230,1951,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">USKP</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7EAB67FFF03552FB2F8FCAFBD0F842" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3301778306" collectingDate="2016-12-21" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="S. A. Akbar." country="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-worker="2" stateProvince="Kerala">
<specimenCount id="9D106AB3FFF03552FB2F8FCAFA8DF826" box="[1250,1366,1951,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="worker">2 workers</specimenCount>
, same data except:
<date id="FFA887FAFFF03552FEE88F96FE7FF842" box="[293,420,1987,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" value="2016-12-21">
<collectingDate id="EFEC7E12FFF03552FEE88F96FE7FF842" box="[293,420,1987,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" value="2016-12-21">21.xii.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
(PSAA00013–PSAA0014
<collectionCode id="ED0739FFFFF03552FD1A8F96FC9EF842" box="[727,837,1987,2013]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
), leg.
<collectorName id="26E3C4ECFFF03552FC458F96FBD0F842" box="[904,1035,1987,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="405">S.A. Akbar.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30CF2B1FFF13553FF0A88C3FDBAF8B7" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF13553FF0A88C3FD9DFE82" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF13553FF0A88C3FE02FF2F" bold="true" box="[199,473,150,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Worker measurements</emphasis>
(n=11; range with
<typeStatus id="54AD1F98FFF13553FD7B88C3FCC3FF2F" box="[694,792,150,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in brackets): EL 0.11–0.13 (0.11), HL 0.68–0.73 (0.71), HW 0.58–0.61 (0.60), SL 0.50–0.52 (0.51), ML 0.65–0.77 (0.74), PRW 0.51–0.53 (0.52), PL 0.25–0.27 (0.26), PPL 0.22–0.24 (0.23), PPW 0.24–0.26 (0.25), PW 0.25–0.28 (0.27),
<collectingCountry id="F301E1AAFFF13553FCBD888AFC4FFF66" box="[880,916,223,249]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">PH</collectingCountry>
0.28–0.29 (0.29), PPH 0.25–0.26 (0.26) mm. Indices: CI 83–85 (84), SI 82–86 (85).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF13553FF0A8973FA4BFB3F" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF13553FF0A8973FE66FEDF" bold="true" box="[199,445,294,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Worker Description.</emphasis>
Head longer than wide (CI 83–85); vertex planar to slightly concave; frons shining and smooth with sparse piliferous pits and a few striolae around antennal sockets; frons with incurved and semierect setae (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FF12893BFEEEFE17" box="[223,309,366,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[230,1359,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[229,1359,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Holotype worker. (a) Head, full-face view; (b) Body, lateral view; (c) Body, dorsal view; (d) Type locality of new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956299/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 2a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FE8F893BFEA7FE16" box="[322,380,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. (worker), Head. (a) full face-view; (b) lateral-view, eye (E); (c) eyes with 9-ommatidia; (d) curved sensilla in-between eye ommatidia; (e) median clypeus with two teeth, anteromedian seta (MCS), anterior tentorial pit (at), frontal carina (Frc), clypeus (Clp), mandible (Md); (f–g) sculptured mandibles with 4-teeth and one denticle on second basal tooth; (h) anterior tentorial pit, enlarged; (i) antennal basal socket, torulus (to), torular lobe (tol); (j–k) enlarged basal socket with antennal bulbus having series of sensilla trichodea; (l–m) enlarged sensilla trichodea and its basal socket." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956301/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">3a–b</figureCitation>
). Eye distinct, well developed, consisting of more than 9 ommatidia, eye width 1–2× greatest width of antennal scape, eyes set about midpoint of head capsule, more-or-less circular with curvature of inner eye margin slightly more pronounced than that of its outer margin, ommatidia of compound eyes are loosely and regular deployed having few curved sensilla in-between (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FD07898FFCE5FE6A" box="[714,830,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. (worker), Head. (a) full face-view; (b) lateral-view, eye (E); (c) eyes with 9-ommatidia; (d) curved sensilla in-between eye ommatidia; (e) median clypeus with two teeth, anteromedian seta (MCS), anterior tentorial pit (at), frontal carina (Frc), clypeus (Clp), mandible (Md); (f–g) sculptured mandibles with 4-teeth and one denticle on second basal tooth; (h) anterior tentorial pit, enlarged; (i) antennal basal socket, torulus (to), torular lobe (tol); (j–k) enlarged basal socket with antennal bulbus having series of sensilla trichodea; (l–m) enlarged sensilla trichodea and its basal socket." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956301/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 3c–d</figureCitation>
). The frontal lobes are well-separated and the anteromedian seta is situated well under a protrusive ledge (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FD3689ABFC9CFD87" box="[763,839,510,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. (worker), Head. (a) full face-view; (b) lateral-view, eye (E); (c) eyes with 9-ommatidia; (d) curved sensilla in-between eye ommatidia; (e) median clypeus with two teeth, anteromedian seta (MCS), anterior tentorial pit (at), frontal carina (Frc), clypeus (Clp), mandible (Md); (f–g) sculptured mandibles with 4-teeth and one denticle on second basal tooth; (h) anterior tentorial pit, enlarged; (i) antennal basal socket, torulus (to), torular lobe (tol); (j–k) enlarged basal socket with antennal bulbus having series of sensilla trichodea; (l–m) enlarged sensilla trichodea and its basal socket." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956301/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 3e</figureCitation>
). Clypeal carinae weakly defined with anteromedian clypeal margin narrowly convex between weakly ridged clypeal carinae; paraclypeal setae moderately long and fine, curved; posteromedian clypeal margin ending slightly anterior to antennal fossae. Mandibles with 4–5 teeth and one denticle (on second basal tooth); mandibles linear-triangular with few piliferous pits and distinctly striate; masticatory margin of mandibles strongly oblique (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FD128ADBFC8AFD36" box="[735,849,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. (worker), Head. (a) full face-view; (b) lateral-view, eye (E); (c) eyes with 9-ommatidia; (d) curved sensilla in-between eye ommatidia; (e) median clypeus with two teeth, anteromedian seta (MCS), anterior tentorial pit (at), frontal carina (Frc), clypeus (Clp), mandible (Md); (f–g) sculptured mandibles with 4-teeth and one denticle on second basal tooth; (h) anterior tentorial pit, enlarged; (i) antennal basal socket, torulus (to), torular lobe (tol); (j–k) enlarged basal socket with antennal bulbus having series of sensilla trichodea; (l–m) enlarged sensilla trichodea and its basal socket." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956301/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 3f–g</figureCitation>
); anterior tentorial pit is situated far away from the antennal sockets (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FEAC8AE7FE74FD52" box="[353,431,690,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. (worker), Head. (a) full face-view; (b) lateral-view, eye (E); (c) eyes with 9-ommatidia; (d) curved sensilla in-between eye ommatidia; (e) median clypeus with two teeth, anteromedian seta (MCS), anterior tentorial pit (at), frontal carina (Frc), clypeus (Clp), mandible (Md); (f–g) sculptured mandibles with 4-teeth and one denticle on second basal tooth; (h) anterior tentorial pit, enlarged; (i) antennal basal socket, torulus (to), torular lobe (tol); (j–k) enlarged basal socket with antennal bulbus having series of sensilla trichodea; (l–m) enlarged sensilla trichodea and its basal socket." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956301/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 3h</figureCitation>
). The torulus appears as circular sclerites with a well marked torular lobe; placed within is antennal bulbus having series of sensilla trichodea (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FD338A83FCADFD6E" box="[766,886,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1435,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. (worker), Head. (a) full face-view; (b) lateral-view, eye (E); (c) eyes with 9-ommatidia; (d) curved sensilla in-between eye ommatidia; (e) median clypeus with two teeth, anteromedian seta (MCS), anterior tentorial pit (at), frontal carina (Frc), clypeus (Clp), mandible (Md); (f–g) sculptured mandibles with 4-teeth and one denticle on second basal tooth; (h) anterior tentorial pit, enlarged; (i) antennal basal socket, torulus (to), torular lobe (tol); (j–k) enlarged basal socket with antennal bulbus having series of sensilla trichodea; (l–m) enlarged sensilla trichodea and its basal socket." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956301/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 3i–m</figureCitation>
). Antennae consist of 12 segments with a 3-segmented distinct club; scape, pedicel and flagellum are well separable (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FC688AAFFC2BFC8B" box="[933,1008,762,788]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 4a</figureCitation>
). Compared with the rest of the antennal segments, the scape consists of fewer but longer pilosity (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FC8A8B4BFC60FCA6" box="[839,955,798,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 4b–c</figureCitation>
). Pedicel and rest of the antennal segments mainly consist of curved sensilla trichodea, with some of them having grooved surfaces (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FB538B17FAD4FCC2" box="[1182,1295,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 4d–i</figureCitation>
). The apical antennal segments which form the club also have few sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) along lateral sides (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FAEC8B33FA4AFC1E" box="[1313,1425,870,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 4j–k</figureCitation>
). Most of the sensilla are concentrated along the apical flagellomere (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FC5E8BDFFC00FC3A" box="[915,987,906,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 4l</figureCitation>
). The terminal flagellomere has a dense covering of sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), few sensilla basiconica (b) and some sensilla trichodea (t) (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FADE8BFBFA4AFC57" box="[1299,1425,942,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
Figs
<quantity id="4CEE0CDFFFF13553FA818BFBFAA8FC57" box="[1356,1395,942,968]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="m" value="4.0">4m</quantity>
–p
</figureCitation>
). Most of the basiconica and sensilla trichodea appear paired (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FC898B87FC49FC73" box="[836,914,978,1004]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 4o</figureCitation>
). On the tip of terminal flagellomere there are also few small pores in the cuticle representing the openings of the sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c) (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FF088C4FFEE1FBAB" box="[197,314,1050,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 4p–q</figureCitation>
). The very tip of the flagellomere is characterised by very granulated or porous surface (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FAD88C4FFA86FBAB" box="[1301,1373,1050,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 4r</figureCitation>
). The general surface of head consists of regularly placed sensilla trichodea throughout with gena mostly devoid of any distinct pilosity (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FE988C37FE19FBE3" box="[341,450,1122,1148]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 4s–t</figureCitation>
). The sensilla are strongly curved at the base and their sockets are quite tight (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FAF68C37FA4BFBE3" box="[1339,1424,1122,1148]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig. 4u</figureCitation>
). Head cuticle is more or less ribbed (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FDE68CD3FD7DFB3F" box="[555,678,1158,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 4v–w</figureCitation>
). Pilosity near tentorial pits consists of short curved hairs (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FAFB8CD3FA5FFB3F" box="[1334,1412,1158,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[181,1406,199,1579]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Antenna. (a) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (b–c) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (d–g) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (h–j) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (k) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (l–m) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (n–r) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (n) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (o) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (p–q) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (r) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (s–t) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (u) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (v–w) general cuticle surface; (x) short curved hairs of tentorial pits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 4x</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF13553FF0A8CFFFABEF9CE" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
Mesosomal outline in profile broadly convex and smoothly rounded, promesonotum slightly raised compared to propodeum (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FEEB8C9BFE43FB77" box="[294,408,1230,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[230,1359,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[229,1359,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Holotype worker. (a) Head, full-face view; (b) Body, lateral view; (c) Body, dorsal view; (d) Type locality of new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956299/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 2b–c</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FE698C9BFE04FB76" box="[420,479,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. meso- and metasoma. (a) Lateral view of mesosoma with, pronotum (NI), mesonotum (N2), metanotum (N3), propodeum (IT), petiole (P), coxa (Cx), and trochanter (Tr); (b) dorsal view of mesosoma; (c–d) striolate metanotal groove; (e–g) propodeal spiracle and metapleural gland opening; (f) propodeal spiracle (enlarged); (g) metapleural gland opening (enlarged); (h–i) petiole and postpetiole; (j) gastral tergites and sting; (k) terminal gastral segment opening; (l–m) dorsal and lateral view of metasoma, postpetiole (PP), first to fourth tergite (t1–t4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956307/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">5a–b</figureCitation>
). Metanotal groove strongly impressed, with distinct transverse costulae (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FAD18C9BFA4BFB76" box="[1308,1424,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. meso- and metasoma. (a) Lateral view of mesosoma with, pronotum (NI), mesonotum (N2), metanotum (N3), propodeum (IT), petiole (P), coxa (Cx), and trochanter (Tr); (b) dorsal view of mesosoma; (c–d) striolate metanotal groove; (e–g) propodeal spiracle and metapleural gland opening; (f) propodeal spiracle (enlarged); (g) metapleural gland opening (enlarged); (h–i) petiole and postpetiole; (j) gastral tergites and sting; (k) terminal gastral segment opening; (l–m) dorsal and lateral view of metasoma, postpetiole (PP), first to fourth tergite (t1–t4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956307/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 5c–d</figureCitation>
). Mesosoma shining and smooth with faintly striolate mesopleuron posteriad. Promesonotal setae a mixture of incurved, semierect setae, slightly shorter decumbent setae, and sparse appressed setulae. Propodeum with dorsum longer than the posterior (declivitous) face; mostly smooth and shining with dorsum having few weak striolae; propodeum with erect to decumbent setae along dorsum and entire declivitous face; propodeal spiracle nearer to declivitous face of propodeum than metanotal groove; vestibule of propodeal spiracle distinct; propodeal lobes present as rounded flanges, metapleural gland with a distinct circular opening (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FC438DF3FBDAFA5E" box="[910,1025,1446,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. meso- and metasoma. (a) Lateral view of mesosoma with, pronotum (NI), mesonotum (N2), metanotum (N3), propodeum (IT), petiole (P), coxa (Cx), and trochanter (Tr); (b) dorsal view of mesosoma; (c–d) striolate metanotal groove; (e–g) propodeal spiracle and metapleural gland opening; (f) propodeal spiracle (enlarged); (g) metapleural gland opening (enlarged); (h–i) petiole and postpetiole; (j) gastral tergites and sting; (k) terminal gastral segment opening; (l–m) dorsal and lateral view of metasoma, postpetiole (PP), first to fourth tergite (t1–t4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956307/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 5e–g</figureCitation>
). Petiolar node cuboidal, shining and smooth throughout without any ventral rugae on the petiolar peduncle; petiolar spiracle situated anteriad of petiolar node (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FF138DBBFEF7F996" box="[222,300,1518,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. meso- and metasoma. (a) Lateral view of mesosoma with, pronotum (NI), mesonotum (N2), metanotum (N3), propodeum (IT), petiole (P), coxa (Cx), and trochanter (Tr); (b) dorsal view of mesosoma; (c–d) striolate metanotal groove; (e–g) propodeal spiracle and metapleural gland opening; (f) propodeal spiracle (enlarged); (g) metapleural gland opening (enlarged); (h–i) petiole and postpetiole; (j) gastral tergites and sting; (k) terminal gastral segment opening; (l–m) dorsal and lateral view of metasoma, postpetiole (PP), first to fourth tergite (t1–t4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956307/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 5h</figureCitation>
); postpetiole shining and smooth; postpetiolar sternite depressed, anterior carina inconspicuous (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FAB88DBBFF74F9B2" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. meso- and metasoma. (a) Lateral view of mesosoma with, pronotum (NI), mesonotum (N2), metanotum (N3), propodeum (IT), petiole (P), coxa (Cx), and trochanter (Tr); (b) dorsal view of mesosoma; (c–d) striolate metanotal groove; (e–g) propodeal spiracle and metapleural gland opening; (f) propodeal spiracle (enlarged); (g) metapleural gland opening (enlarged); (h–i) petiole and postpetiole; (j) gastral tergites and sting; (k) terminal gastral segment opening; (l–m) dorsal and lateral view of metasoma, postpetiole (PP), first to fourth tergite (t1–t4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956307/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 5i</figureCitation>
). Four distinct gastral tergites with sharp pointed sting; the terminal gastral segment has a circular stigma opening (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FF528E63FECEF9CE" box="[159,277,1590,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[228,1358,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. meso- and metasoma. (a) Lateral view of mesosoma with, pronotum (NI), mesonotum (N2), metanotum (N3), propodeum (IT), petiole (P), coxa (Cx), and trochanter (Tr); (b) dorsal view of mesosoma; (c–d) striolate metanotal groove; (e–g) propodeal spiracle and metapleural gland opening; (f) propodeal spiracle (enlarged); (g) metapleural gland opening (enlarged); (h–i) petiole and postpetiole; (j) gastral tergites and sting; (k) terminal gastral segment opening; (l–m) dorsal and lateral view of metasoma, postpetiole (PP), first to fourth tergite (t1–t4)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956307/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 5j–m</figureCitation>
); gastral tergites, with a mixture of incurved, semierect setae and slightly shorter decumbent setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF13553FF0A8E0FFDF8F89A" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
The legs with strongly swollen femur and a stout tibia, calcar, basitarsus, five tarsomeres and sharply pointed claws (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FF2B8E2BFEE9F906" box="[230,306,1662,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Legs. (a) femur (Fe), tibia (Tb), calcar of strigil (Ca), basitarsus (Btar), tarsus (T); (b–c) tibia (Tb), calcar (Ca); (d–e) calcar enlarged surface with groves; (f) basitarsus (Btar); (g–j) enlarged basitarsus with notch and modified spatulate setae; (k–m) claws with arolium and long curved setae; (n–o) tarsomere (tar 1–tar 3) with stout sensilla trichodea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956309/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Fig 6a</figureCitation>
). The surface of leg shows presence of scattered sensilla trichodea (t). The protibial spur of forelegs (calcar of strigil) appears distinct with grooved squamiform and spatulate setae (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FBEC8EF7FB4AF922" box="[1057,1169,1698,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Legs. (a) femur (Fe), tibia (Tb), calcar of strigil (Ca), basitarsus (Btar), tarsus (T); (b–c) tibia (Tb), calcar (Ca); (d–e) calcar enlarged surface with groves; (f) basitarsus (Btar); (g–j) enlarged basitarsus with notch and modified spatulate setae; (k–m) claws with arolium and long curved setae; (n–o) tarsomere (tar 1–tar 3) with stout sensilla trichodea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956309/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 6b–j</figureCitation>
). Claws with long setae and arolium between the pointed claws in all the legs (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FCC88E93FC5FF97E" box="[773,900,1734,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Legs. (a) femur (Fe), tibia (Tb), calcar of strigil (Ca), basitarsus (Btar), tarsus (T); (b–c) tibia (Tb), calcar (Ca); (d–e) calcar enlarged surface with groves; (f) basitarsus (Btar); (g–j) enlarged basitarsus with notch and modified spatulate setae; (k–m) claws with arolium and long curved setae; (n–o) tarsomere (tar 1–tar 3) with stout sensilla trichodea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956309/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 6k–m</figureCitation>
). The tarsomeres also have a dense covering of long sensilla trichodea (
<figureCitation id="132DBDBFFFF13553FE6F8EBFFDCCF89A" box="[418,535,1770,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[159,1429,181,1768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. SEM of Syllophopsis peetersi sp. nov. Legs. (a) femur (Fe), tibia (Tb), calcar of strigil (Ca), basitarsus (Btar), tarsus (T); (b–c) tibia (Tb), calcar (Ca); (d–e) calcar enlarged surface with groves; (f) basitarsus (Btar); (g–j) enlarged basitarsus with notch and modified spatulate setae; (k–m) claws with arolium and long curved setae; (n–o) tarsomere (tar 1–tar 3) with stout sensilla trichodea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956309/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Figs 6n–o</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF13553FF0A8F5BFDBAF8B7" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,609,1806,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Color yellowish to very light brown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30CF2B1FFF13553FF0A8F67FD81F8D3" box="[199,602,1842,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF13553FF0A8F67FD81F8D3" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,602,1842,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF13553FF0A8F67FEBAF8D3" bold="true" box="[199,353,1842,1868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Distribution.</emphasis>
Western Ghats,
<collectingCountry id="F301E1AAFFF13553FDD48F67FD8DF8D3" box="[537,598,1842,1868]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30CF2B1FFF13559FF0A8F03FBC5FD86" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="412" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF13559FF0A8F03FDFFFE82" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,537]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="412" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF13553FF0A8F03FEF7F8EF" bold="true" box="[199,300,1878,1904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Ecology.</emphasis>
The specimens were collected by Winkler sampling carried out at Silent Valley National Park, a primary tropical rainforest in
<collectingRegion id="49D26FD8FFF13553FE078F2FFDC3F80B" box="[458,536,1914,1940]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">Kerala</collectingRegion>
. Located in the Nilgiri hills of Western Ghats of
<collectingCountry id="F301E1AAFFF13553FB868F2FFB5CF80B" box="[1099,1159,1914,1940]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">India</collectingCountry>
, the park represents one of the last undisturbed tracts of tropical moist evergreen forest in
<collectingCountry id="F301E1AAFFF13553FCBA8FCBFC6AF827" box="[887,945,1950,1976]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">India</collectingCountry>
(2d). The region has a mean annual rainfall of
<quantity id="4CEE0CDFFFF13553FF758F97FEF7F842" box="[184,300,1986,2013]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.066" pageId="3" pageNumber="406" unit="mm" value="6066.0">6,066 mm</quantity>
and a mean annual temperature of 20.2
<superScript id="7C630C72FFF13553FD348F97FCCCF843" attach="right" box="[761,791,1986,2012]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="406">oC</superScript>
. The litter samples were taken from thick leaf litter and moisture laden soil near tree trunks, from two sites along the banks of the river Kunthi (Kunthipuzha). One site was in the buffer zone (Mukkali) and one in the core region (Sairandhri). The Sairandhri region forms the gateway of Silent Valley. The
<typeStatus id="54AD1F98FFFB3559FEAC888AFE4AFF66" box="[353,401,223,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="412">type</typeStatus>
locality of the new species is known for its ancient history and relict ant taxa (
<bibRefCitation id="EF87DCCBFFFB3559FB22888AFF05FE82" author="Bharti, H. &amp; Akbar, S. A." pageId="9" pageNumber="412" pagination="149 - 152" refId="ref4659" refString="Bharti, H. &amp; Akbar, S. A. (2013 a) A new species of the ant genus Lordomyrma (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) from India. Myrmecological News, 18: 149 - 152." type="journal article" year="2013">Bharti &amp; Akbar 2013a</bibRefCitation>
, b, c, 2015;
<bibRefCitation id="EF87DCCBFFFB3559FEAA8956FDC3FE82" author="Dad, J. M. &amp; Akbar, S. A. &amp; Bharti, H. &amp; Wachkoo, A. A." box="[359,536,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="412" pagination="219 - 228" refId="ref4870" refString="Dad, J. M., Akbar, S. A., Bharti, H. &amp; Wachkoo, A. A. (2019) Community structure and ant species diversity across select sites of Western Ghats, India. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 39, 219 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. chnaes. 2018.12.008" type="journal article" year="2019">
Dad
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFB3559FE518956FE0EFE82" box="[412,469,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="412">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF69F1B2FFF63554FF5A8FC2FDF9F84B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956299" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956299/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="407" startId="4.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[230,1359,181,1920]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF63554FF5A8FC2FDF9F84B" blockId="4.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF63554FF5A8FC2FEC8F830" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C16DAB9FFF63554FED78FCDFE2AF830" authority="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo, 2021" authorityName="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo" authorityYear="2021" box="[282,497,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Syllophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peetersi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF63554FED78FCDFE2AF830" box="[282,497,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">Syllophopsis peetersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF63554FE358FCDFD92F82F" bold="true" box="[504,585,1944,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251C053FFF63554FE358FCDFD92F82F" box="[504,585,1944,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Holotype worker. (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF63554FCDC8FCDFCC5F82F" bold="true" box="[785,798,1944,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">a</emphasis>
) Head, full-face view; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF63554FBD98FCDFBF9F82F" bold="true" box="[1044,1058,1944,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">b</emphasis>
) Body, lateral view; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF63554FACC8FCDFAD7F82F" bold="true" box="[1281,1292,1944,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">c</emphasis>
) Body, dorsal view; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF63554FF138FE9FF37F84B" bold="true" box="[222,236,1980,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="407">d</emphasis>
) Type locality of new species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF69F1B2FFF73555FF5A8F55FF04F853" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956301/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="408" startId="5.[151,250,1792,1816]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1768]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF73555FF5A8F55FF04F853" blockId="5.[151,1437,1792,1996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FF5A8F55FECFF887" bold="true" box="[151,276,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
SEM of
<taxonomicName id="4C16DAB9FFF73555FEBF8F55FD91F887" authority="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo, 2021" authorityName="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo" authorityYear="2021" box="[370,586,1792,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Syllophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peetersi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FEBF8F55FD91F887" box="[370,586,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">Syllophopsis peetersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FD9C8F55FD79F887" bold="true" box="[593,674,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251C053FFF73555FD9C8F55FD79F887" box="[593,674,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(worker), Head. (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FC968F55FCB3F887" bold="true" box="[859,872,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">a</emphasis>
) full face-view; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FBD18F55FBF1F887" bold="true" box="[1052,1066,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">b</emphasis>
) lateral-view, eye (E); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FAED8F55FAF0F887" bold="true" box="[1312,1323,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">c</emphasis>
) eyes with 9-ommatidia; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FEFC8F71FEE4F8A3" bold="true" box="[305,319,1828,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">d</emphasis>
) curved sensilla in-between eye ommatidia; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FCD28F71FCF1F8A3" bold="true" box="[799,810,1828,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">e</emphasis>
) median clypeus with two teeth, anteromedian seta (MCS), anterior tentorial pit (at), frontal carina (Frc), clypeus (Clp), mandible (Md); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FC7A8F1DFC02F8FF" bold="true" box="[951,985,1864,1888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">f–g</emphasis>
) sculptured mandibles with 4-teeth and one denticle on second basal tooth; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FE108F39FE30F81B" bold="true" box="[477,491,1900,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">h</emphasis>
) anterior tentorial pit, enlarged; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FCF08F39FC9FF81B" bold="true" box="[829,836,1900,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">i</emphasis>
) antennal basal socket, torulus (to), torular lobe (tol); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FABC8F39FA4FF81B" bold="true" box="[1393,1428,1900,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">j–k</emphasis>
) enlarged basal socket with antennal bulbus having series of sensilla trichodea; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF73555FC068FC5FC2FF837" bold="true" box="[971,1012,1936,1960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="408">l–m</emphasis>
) enlarged sensilla trichodea and its basal socket.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF69F1B2FFF43556FF5A8E17FC96F8E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956303" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956303/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" startId="6.[151,250,1602,1626]" targetBox="[181,1406,199,1579]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF43556FF5A8E17FC96F8E4" blockId="6.[151,1437,1602,1915]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FF5A8E17FECFF9C4" bold="true" box="[151,276,1602,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
SEM of
<taxonomicName id="4C16DAB9FFF43556FEBF8E16FD92F9C5" authority="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo, 2021" authorityName="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo" authorityYear="2021" box="[370,585,1603,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Syllophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peetersi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FEBF8E16FD92F9C5" box="[370,585,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">Syllophopsis peetersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FD9D8E16FD7AF9C4" bold="true" box="[592,673,1603,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251C053FFF43556FD9D8E16FD7AF9C4" box="[592,673,1603,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Antenna. (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FCDF8E16FCC4F9C4" bold="true" box="[786,799,1603,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">a</emphasis>
) bulbus (Bb), scape (Scp), pedicel (pe), 3-segmented antennal club (Clb); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FEDB8E32FEE7F9E0" bold="true" box="[278,316,1639,1663]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">b–c</emphasis>
) scape (Scp) with long sensilla chaetica (Sch); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FCE78E32FC8AF9E0" bold="true" box="[810,849,1639,1663]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">d–g</emphasis>
) few curved sensilla trichodea with some of them having grooved surfaces; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FE908EDFFE5BF93D" bold="true" box="[349,384,1674,1698]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">h–j</emphasis>
) pedicel and other flagellomere mostly with sensilla trichodea; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FBED8EDEFBF5F93C" bold="true" box="[1056,1070,1675,1699]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">k</emphasis>
) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc) and sensilla trichodea II (tII) of apical antennal segment; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FD788EFAFD05F958" bold="true" box="[693,734,1711,1735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">l–m</emphasis>
) dense sensilla concentration on terminal flagellomere; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FAD18EFAFA99F958" bold="true" box="[1308,1346,1711,1735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">n–r</emphasis>
) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc), sensilla basiconica (b) sensilla trichodea (t), sensilla trichodea II (tII), sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FE818EA2FE81F890" bold="true" box="[332,346,1783,1807]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">n</emphasis>
) sensilla trichodea curvata (tc); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FD7E8EA2FD1BF890" bold="true" box="[691,704,1783,1807]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">o</emphasis>
) basiconica and sensilla trichodea mostly occur as paired; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FAE18EA2FA8EF890" bold="true" box="[1324,1365,1783,1807]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">p–q</emphasis>
) small pores of sensilla ampullacea (a) and sensilla coeloconica (c); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FCD08F4EFCF3F8AC" bold="true" box="[797,808,1819,1843]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">r</emphasis>
) granulated or porous surface of terminal antennal segment; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FF6D8F6AFF65F8C8" bold="true" box="[160,190,1855,1879]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">s–t</emphasis>
) head surface with sensilla trichodea and sclerotic microtrichia; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FCA68F6AFCA2F8C8" bold="true" box="[875,889,1855,1879]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">u</emphasis>
) fine structure of the sensillum trichodea basal part; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FF6D8F36FF10F8E4" bold="true" box="[160,203,1891,1915]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">v–w</emphasis>
) general cuticle surface; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF43556FE198F36FE3AF8E4" bold="true" box="[468,481,1891,1915]" pageId="6" pageNumber="409">x</emphasis>
) short curved hairs of tentorial pits.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF69F1B2FFF53557FF5A8F62FB5BF87F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956307" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956307/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" startId="7.[151,250,1847,1871]" targetBox="[228,1358,181,1823]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFF53557FF5A8F62FB5BF87F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1847,2016]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FF5A8F62FEC8F8CF" bold="true" box="[151,275,1847,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
SEM of
<taxonomicName id="4C16DAB9FFF53557FEBF8F62FD92F8D0" authority="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo, 2021" authorityName="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo" authorityYear="2021" box="[370,585,1847,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Syllophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peetersi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FEBF8F62FD92F8D0" box="[370,585,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">Syllophopsis peetersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FD9D8F6DFD7AF8CF" bold="true" box="[592,673,1848,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251C053FFF53557FD9D8F6DFD7AF8CF" box="[592,673,1848,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
meso- and metasoma. (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FC588F6DFC79F8CF" bold="true" box="[917,930,1848,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">a</emphasis>
) Lateral view of mesosoma with, pronotum (NI), mesonotum (N2), metanotum (N3), propodeum (IT), petiole (P), coxa (Cx), and trochanter (Tr); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FBB88F09FB58F8EB" bold="true" box="[1141,1155,1884,1908]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">b</emphasis>
) dorsal view of mesosoma; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FF6D8FD5FF1DF807" bold="true" box="[160,198,1920,1944]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">c–d</emphasis>
) striolate metanotal groove; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FE3F8FD5FDCDF807" bold="true" box="[498,534,1920,1944]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">e–g</emphasis>
) propodeal spiracle and metapleural gland opening; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FBFE8F2AFBE0F808" bold="true" box="[1075,1083,1919,1943]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">f</emphasis>
) propodeal spiracle (enlarged); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FA4A8FD5FA4FF807" bold="true" box="[1415,1428,1920,1944]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">g</emphasis>
) metapleural gland opening (enlarged); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FDE08FF6FD95F824" bold="true" box="[557,590,1955,1979]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">h–i</emphasis>
) petiole and postpetiole; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FC918FF6FCBFF824" bold="true" box="[860,868,1955,1979]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">j</emphasis>
) gastral tergites and sting; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FB498FF1FB49F823" bold="true" box="[1156,1170,1956,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">k</emphasis>
) terminal gastral segment opening; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFF53557FF328F9DFEFCF87F" bold="true" box="[255,295,1992,2016]" pageId="7" pageNumber="410">l–m</emphasis>
) dorsal and lateral view of metasoma, postpetiole (PP), first to fourth tergite (t1–t4).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF69F1B2FFFA3558FF5A8F55FE94F81B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4956309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956309/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" startId="8.[151,250,1792,1816]" targetBox="[159,1429,181,1768]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFFA3558FF5A8F55FE94F81B" blockId="8.[151,1436,1792,1924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FF5A8F55FEC9F887" bold="true" box="[151,274,1792,1816]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
SEM of
<taxonomicName id="4C16DAB9FFFA3558FEA68F55FD9BF887" authority="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo, 2021" authorityName="Akbar &amp; Bharti &amp; Kanturski &amp; Wachkoo" authorityYear="2021" box="[363,576,1792,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Syllophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peetersi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FEA68F55FD9BF887" box="[363,576,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">Syllophopsis peetersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FD888F55FD4FF887" bold="true" box="[581,660,1792,1816]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251C053FFFA3558FD888F55FD4FF887" box="[581,660,1792,1816]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Legs. (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FD128F55FD37F887" bold="true" box="[735,748,1792,1816]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">a</emphasis>
) femur (Fe), tibia (Tb), calcar of strigil (Ca), basitarsus (Btar), tarsus (T); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FF008F71FF28F8A3" bold="true" box="[205,243,1828,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">b–c</emphasis>
) tibia (Tb), calcar (Ca); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FE398F71FDC1F8A3" bold="true" box="[500,538,1828,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">d–e</emphasis>
) calcar enlarged surface with groves; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FC698F71FC77F8A3" bold="true" box="[932,940,1828,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">f</emphasis>
) basitarsus (Btar); (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FBB58F71FB42F8A3" bold="true" box="[1144,1177,1828,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">g–j</emphasis>
) enlarged basitarsus with notch and modified spatulate setae; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FDDD8F1DFD9BF8FF" bold="true" box="[528,576,1864,1888]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">k–m</emphasis>
) claws with arolium and long curved setae; (
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFA3558FBDF8F1DFBE2F8FF" bold="true" box="[1042,1081,1864,1888]" pageId="8" pageNumber="411">n–o</emphasis>
) tarsomere (tar 1–tar 3) with stout sensilla trichodea.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFFB3559FF0A8972FD5AFE32" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="412">
The majority of the species in the genus have been collected via Winkler sampling, inhabiting leaf litter from the tropical rainforests (AntWeb 2021), and same holds true for the new species described here. The species appears rare, with a restricted distribution. However, it is quite possible that the species occurs elsewhere in southern
<collectingCountry id="F301E1AAFFFB3559FAAE893AFA46FE16" box="[1379,1437,367,393]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="412">India</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F301E1AAFFFB3559FF0A89C6FEECFE32" box="[199,311,403,429]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="9" pageNumber="412">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, in areas with similar habitat.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9A13AFFFB3559FF0A89E2FBC5FD86" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="412">
<emphasis id="B9627D28FFFB3559FF0A89E2FEE1FE4E" bold="true" box="[199,314,439,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="412">Etymolog</emphasis>
y. The species epithet honours the late Professor Christian Peeters and is a masculine genitive noun. The name ‘Peeters’ is derived from the Greek root word Petrus (‘rock’ or ‘stone’) which also appropriately symbolises the foundational stature of Prof. Christian Peeters’ work in the study of ants.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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