346 lines
47 KiB
XML
346 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710794" ID-ZooBank="6BBB57BE-DAE2-4ECC-A61F-822A02415972" approvalRequired="9" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="9" checkinTime="1678345329232" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bueno, Veronica M. & Caira, Janine N." docDate="2023" docId="03A9A61CB839CA22D9E513E6C348B761" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5254.1.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5254 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pentaloculum grahami Bueno & Caira 2023, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="FF90DE64B83CCA2AD9721137C148B329" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic relationships, host associations, and three new species of a poorly known group of “ tetraphyllidean ” tapeworms from elasmobranchs" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="30" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1678375109087" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phylogenetic relationships, host associations, and three new species of a poorly known group of “ tetraphyllidean ” tapeworms from elasmobranchs</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bueno, Veronica M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-7786-5043</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Rd., Storrs, Connecticut, 06269 - 3043, U. S. A. & veronica. m. bueno @ uconn. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7786 - 5043</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">veronica.m.bueno@uconn.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Caira, Janine N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-9597-6978</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Rd., Storrs, Connecticut, 06269 - 3043, U. S. A. & janine. caira @ uconn. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9597 - 6978</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">janine.caira@uconn.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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||
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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||
<mods:number>2023-03-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>5254</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>30</mods:start>
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<mods:end>50</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.2</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5254.1.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7710794</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6BBB57BE-DAE2-4ECC-A61F-822A02415972</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A9A61CB839CA22D9E513E6C348B761" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A9A61CB839CA22D9E513E6C348B761" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection box="[151,504,721,748]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,857,721,820]" box="[151,504,721,748]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
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||
<heading bold="true" box="[151,504,721,748]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,504,721,748]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName authority="Bueno & Caira, 2023" authorityName="Bueno & Caira" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,431,721,748]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="grahami" status="n. sp.">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,431,721,748]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Pentaloculum grahami</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[438,504,721,747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,857,721,820]" box="[151,408,757,784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
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||
(
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||
<figureCitation box="[159,290,757,783]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,189,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[151,1435,181,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Line drawings of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex (paratype, SA-2-1, LRP No. 10947). (B) Mature subterminal proglottid (paratype, SA-16-1, USNM No. 1678892). (C) Detail of terminal genitalia (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (D) Gravid terminal proglottid (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (E) Whole worm (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Figs. 3A–E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[302,373,757,783]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1687,1711]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetId="figure-316@7.[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex, small letters indicate location of details in micrographs B–H. (B) Distal bothridial surface densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (C) Apex of scolex covered with gladiate spinitriches and densely packed capilliform filitriches. (D) Scolex proper densely covered with gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches. (E) Proximal surface of margin of anteriormost loculus densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (F) Proximal surfaces of margins of anterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (G) Proximal surfaces of margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (H) Proximal surfaces away from margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with short-tipped wide aristate gladiate spinitriches, filitriches not observed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">4A–H</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[385,399,757,784]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,747,771]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,723]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[155,1432,181,723]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Photomicrographs of cocoons of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. showing variation in number of oncospheres. (A) Cocoon containing five oncospheres. (B) Cocoon containing six oncospheres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710804/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">5</figureCitation>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,857,721,820]" box="[151,857,793,820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
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||
ZooBank No.
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||
<uuid box="[311,857,793,820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">B8C37A6D-016A-4D85-A132-C6E7E1063BC3</uuid>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1443,860,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,514,860,886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
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<typeStatus box="[199,258,860,886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
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and only known host:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Ramsay and Ogilby" authorityName="Ramsay and Ogilby" box="[519,976,860,887]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Parascylliidae" genus="Parascyllium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collare">
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<emphasis box="[519,751,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Parascyllium collare</emphasis>
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Ramsay and Ogilby
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</taxonomicName>
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, collared carpetshark; (
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<taxonomicName box="[1229,1433,860,886]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Orectolobiformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName authority="Gill" authorityName="Gill" box="[151,363,896,922]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Parascylliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Parascylliidae Gill</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1443,860,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" latitude="-31.833334" location="Crowdy Head" longLatPrecision="1214" longitude="152.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="G240343" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New South Wales" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,361,932,958]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Type locality:</emphasis>
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A9A61CB839CA22D9E513E6C348B761:8EDF41D1B839CA2FD8021293C347B097" box="[368,527,932,958]" country="Australia" latitude="-31.833334" longLatPrecision="1214" longitude="152.75" name="Crowdy Head" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" stateProvince="New South Wales">Crowdy Head</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[538,741,932,959]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry box="[750,853,932,958]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Australia</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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||
<geoCoordinate box="[869,964,932,959]" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" precision="925" value="-31.833334">31°50’S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate box="[975,1087,932,959]" degrees="152" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" precision="925" value="152.75">152°45’E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,395,968,994]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Site of infection:</emphasis>
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Spiral intestine.
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,402,1004,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Type specimens:</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus box="[415,519,1004,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
(
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<collectionCode box="[539,586,1004,1030]" collectionName="Australia, Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland Museum" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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No.
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<specimenCode box="[654,760,1004,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">G240343</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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and
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<materialsCitation box="[834,1381,1004,1031]" collectionCode="G" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="G240344, G240345" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount box="[834,876,1005,1031]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="generic">two</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus box="[889,996,1005,1031]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(QM Nos.
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<specimenCode box="[1142,1246,1004,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">G240344</specimenCode>
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–
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<specimenCode box="[1260,1369,1004,1031]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">G240345</specimenCode>
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);
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="10947, 10948, 10949" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<specimenCount box="[1394,1436,1005,1031]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="generic">two</specimenCount>
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||
<typeStatus box="[151,258,1041,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">paratypes</typeStatus>
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and
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<specimenCount box="[324,364,1041,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">one</specimenCount>
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SEM voucher (LRP Nos.
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<specimenCode box="[685,757,1040,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">10947</specimenCode>
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–
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<specimenCode box="[772,844,1040,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">10949</specimenCode>
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);
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation box="[869,1433,1040,1067]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" specimenCode="1678892, 1678893" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount box="[869,911,1041,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="generic">two</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus box="[923,1030,1041,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(
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<collectionCode box="[1050,1133,1040,1066]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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Nos.
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<specimenCode box="[1210,1311,1040,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">1678892</specimenCode>
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||
–
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<specimenCode box="[1326,1426,1040,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">1678893</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<collectingMunicipality box="[151,249,1076,1102]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Scoleces</collectingMunicipality>
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prepared for SEM retained with JNC at the
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A9A61CB839CA22D9E513E6C348B761:8EDF41D1B839CA2FDB9B1503C217B767" box="[745,863,1076,1102]" municipality="Scoleces" name="University" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" stateProvince="Connecticut">University</location>
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||
of
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<collectingRegion box="[900,1039,1076,1102]" country="United States of America" name="Connecticut" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Connecticut</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1443,860,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,381,1112,1138]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Sequence data:</emphasis>
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<accessionNumber box="[389,508,1112,1139]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">KF685749</accessionNumber>
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and
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<accessionNumber box="[564,694,1112,1139]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">MK321595</accessionNumber>
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(hologenophores,
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||
<collectionCode box="[904,954,1113,1139]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">LRP</collectionCode>
|
||
No. 8344 [KJG-17, TE-166] and
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1337,1387,1113,1139]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">LRP</collectionCode>
|
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No. 9956 [KJG-17, JW-147]).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1443,860,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,338,1184,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
This name honors fish biologist Ken Graham from the
|
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<collectingRegion box="[970,1236,1184,1211]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">New South Wales State</collectingRegion>
|
||
Fisheries and the Australian Museum who collected all specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ramsay & Ogilby" authorityYear="1888" box="[732,974,1220,1246]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Parascylliidae" genus="Parascyillium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orectolobiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collare">
|
||
<emphasis box="[732,974,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Parascyillium collare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined in this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1443,860,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,428,1256,1282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Provisional names:</emphasis>
|
||
New genus
|
||
<specimenCount box="[574,618,1256,1283]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="generic">1 n.</specimenCount>
|
||
sp. of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K. & Healy, C. J." box="[700,895,1256,1282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" pagination="135 - 158" refId="ref11807" refString="Caira, J. N., Jensen, K. & Healy, C. J. (2001) Interrelationships among tetraphyllidean and lecanicephalidean cestodes. In: Littlewood, D. T. J. & Bray, R. A. (Eds.), Interrelationships of the Platyhelminthes. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 135 - 158." type="book chapter" year="2001">
|
||
Caira
|
||
<emphasis box="[769,828,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; New genus
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1045,1089,1257,1283]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="generic">7 n.</specimenCount>
|
||
sp. 1 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K. & Waeschenbach, A. & Olson, P. D. & Littlewood, D. T. J." box="[1194,1387,1256,1282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" pagination="55 - 73" refId="ref11963" refString="Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Waeschenbach, A., Olson, P. D. & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2014) Orders out of chaos - molecular phylogenetics reveals the complexity of shark and stingray tapeworm relationships. International Journal for Parasitology, 44, 55 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2013.10.004" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Caira
|
||
<emphasis box="[1264,1322,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ruhnke, T. R. & Caira, J. N. & Cox, A." box="[151,367,1292,1319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" pagination="51 - 81" refId="ref13922" refString="Ruhnke, T. R., Caira, J. N. & Cox, A. (2015) The cestode order Rhinebothriidea no longer family-less: A molecular phylogenetic investigation with erection of two new families and description of eight new species of Anthocephalum. Zootaxa, 3904, 51 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3904.1.3" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Ruhnke
|
||
<emphasis box="[245,302,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Bueno & Caira, 2023" authorityName="Bueno & Caira" authorityYear="2023" box="[379,535,1292,1318]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[379,535,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Pentaloculum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[542,602,1293,1319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
2 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eudy, E. & Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K." box="[660,849,1292,1318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" pagination="303 - 312" refId="ref12390" refString="Eudy, E., Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K. (2019) A new species of Pentaloculum (Cestoda: " Tetraphyllidea ") from the Taiwan Saddled carpetshark, Cirrhoscyllium formosanu m (Orectolobiformes: Parascylliidae). Journal of Parasitolog y, 105, 303 - 312. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / 18 - 132" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Eudy
|
||
<emphasis box="[726,782,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1443,860,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,345,1328,1354]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on one incomplete mature and six complete mature worms, and two scoleces observed with SEM.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1443,860,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Worms apolytic, 12.1–51.6 (28.9 ± 15.7; 6) mm long, greatest width at level of terminal proglottid; 105–174 (131 ± 29; 6) proglottids per worm. Scolex 358–460 (406 ± 38.6; 7) long by 433–593 (516.9 ± 68.9; 7) wide, consisting of four muscular sessile bothridia. Bothridia broadly ovoid, 276–405 (348.5 ± 41.3; 6; 10) long by 230– 311 (254.2 ± 23.4; 5; 9) wide; each divided into five facial loculi arranged as one single anterior loculus followed by two consecutive pairs of loculi; septum dividing anterior pair of loculi slightly offset laterally from septum diving posterior pair of loculi (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[418,517,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,189,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[151,1435,181,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Line drawings of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex (paratype, SA-2-1, LRP No. 10947). (B) Mature subterminal proglottid (paratype, SA-16-1, USNM No. 1678892). (C) Detail of terminal genitalia (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (D) Gravid terminal proglottid (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (E) Whole worm (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Figs. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[529,567,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1687,1711]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetId="figure-316@7.[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex, small letters indicate location of details in micrographs B–H. (B) Distal bothridial surface densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (C) Apex of scolex covered with gladiate spinitriches and densely packed capilliform filitriches. (D) Scolex proper densely covered with gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches. (E) Proximal surface of margin of anteriormost loculus densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (F) Proximal surfaces of margins of anterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (G) Proximal surfaces of margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (H) Proximal surfaces away from margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with short-tipped wide aristate gladiate spinitriches, filitriches not observed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cephalic peduncle lacking.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1443,860,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Apex of scolex (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[406,499,1616,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1687,1711]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetId="figure-316@7.[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex, small letters indicate location of details in micrographs B–H. (B) Distal bothridial surface densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (C) Apex of scolex covered with gladiate spinitriches and densely packed capilliform filitriches. (D) Scolex proper densely covered with gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches. (E) Proximal surface of margin of anteriormost loculus densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (F) Proximal surfaces of margins of anterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (G) Proximal surfaces of margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (H) Proximal surfaces away from margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with short-tipped wide aristate gladiate spinitriches, filitriches not observed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
) covered with gladiate spinitriches and densely packed capilliform filitriches; distal bothridial surfaces (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[452,541,1652,1678]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1687,1711]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetId="figure-316@7.[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex, small letters indicate location of details in micrographs B–H. (B) Distal bothridial surface densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (C) Apex of scolex covered with gladiate spinitriches and densely packed capilliform filitriches. (D) Scolex proper densely covered with gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches. (E) Proximal surface of margin of anteriormost loculus densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (F) Proximal surfaces of margins of anterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (G) Proximal surfaces of margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (H) Proximal surfaces away from margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with short-tipped wide aristate gladiate spinitriches, filitriches not observed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and proximal surfaces of margins of bothridia (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1111,1232,1652,1678]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1687,1711]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetId="figure-316@7.[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex, small letters indicate location of details in micrographs B–H. (B) Distal bothridial surface densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (C) Apex of scolex covered with gladiate spinitriches and densely packed capilliform filitriches. (D) Scolex proper densely covered with gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches. (E) Proximal surface of margin of anteriormost loculus densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (F) Proximal surfaces of margins of anterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (G) Proximal surfaces of margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (H) Proximal surfaces away from margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with short-tipped wide aristate gladiate spinitriches, filitriches not observed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Fig. 4E
|
||
<emphasis box="[1198,1212,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">–</emphasis>
|
||
G
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches; proximal surfaces away from bothridial margins (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[707,795,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1687,1711]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetId="figure-316@7.[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex, small letters indicate location of details in micrographs B–H. (B) Distal bothridial surface densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (C) Apex of scolex covered with gladiate spinitriches and densely packed capilliform filitriches. (D) Scolex proper densely covered with gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches. (E) Proximal surface of margin of anteriormost loculus densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (F) Proximal surfaces of margins of anterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (G) Proximal surfaces of margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (H) Proximal surfaces away from margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with short-tipped wide aristate gladiate spinitriches, filitriches not observed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
) densely covered with short-tipped wide aristate gladiate spinitriches, filitriches not observed; scolex proper (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[728,815,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1687,1711]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetId="figure-316@7.[179,1408,741,1663]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex, small letters indicate location of details in micrographs B–H. (B) Distal bothridial surface densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (C) Apex of scolex covered with gladiate spinitriches and densely packed capilliform filitriches. (D) Scolex proper densely covered with gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches. (E) Proximal surface of margin of anteriormost loculus densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (F) Proximal surfaces of margins of anterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (G) Proximal surfaces of margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (H) Proximal surfaces away from margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with short-tipped wide aristate gladiate spinitriches, filitriches not observed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710802/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
) densely covered with gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1443,860,2039]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,150,717]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Proglottids craspedote. Immature proglottids 98–151 (127 ± 23.4; 6) in number, wider than long. Mature proglottids 2–11 (5.8 ± 3.8; 6) in number, wider than long (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[818,906,1868,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,189,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[151,1435,181,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Line drawings of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex (paratype, SA-2-1, LRP No. 10947). (B) Mature subterminal proglottid (paratype, SA-16-1, USNM No. 1678892). (C) Detail of terminal genitalia (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (D) Gravid terminal proglottid (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (E) Whole worm (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
), 330–830 (606.1 ± 220.6; 6; 10) long by 962– 1402 (1229 ± 150.9; 6; 10) wide, length:width ratio 0.3–0.9 (0.5 ± 0.2; 6; 10):1. Gravid proglottids 1–12 (5.2 ± 3.9; 6) in number, wider than long, becoming longer than wide with maturity (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[977,1066,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,189,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[151,1435,181,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Line drawings of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex (paratype, SA-2-1, LRP No. 10947). (B) Mature subterminal proglottid (paratype, SA-16-1, USNM No. 1678892). (C) Detail of terminal genitalia (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (D) Gravid terminal proglottid (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (E) Whole worm (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710800/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="35">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
), 954–4881 (3056.6 ± 1554.1; 6) long by 988–2512 (1407.8 ± 581; 6) wide. Genital pores marginal, irregularly alternating, 42–57% (52 ± 6; 5) of proglottid length from posterior margin in terminal-most mature proglottid.Testes30–58 (44.3± 10.5;5;6)in number, two layers deep, arranged in single field anterior to cirrus sac, oval in frontal view, 28–57 long (42.3 ± 9.7; 4; 12) by 74–123 (98 ± 15.6; 4; 12) wide. Vas deferens narrow, highly coiled, extending posteriorly to near level of ovary then anteriorly to enter cirrus sac at median margin. Cirrus sac (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[862,948,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1412,189,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[151,1435,181,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Line drawings of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. (A) Scolex (paratype, SA-2-1, LRP No. 10947). (B) Mature subterminal proglottid (paratype, SA-16-1, USNM No. 1678892). (C) Detail of terminal genitalia (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (D) Gravid terminal proglottid (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (E) Whole worm (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710800/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
) thin-walled, narrowly obovoid, containing coiled cirrus, 149–218 (181.1 ± 21.9; 5; 9) long by 333–629 (434.2 ± 86.8; 5; 9) wide; cirrus highly expanded at base, armed with small spinitriches. Vagina thick-walled, weakly sinuous, extending from ootype along medial line of proglottid to level of cirrus sac, then crossing cirrus sac ventrally and extending along anterior margin of cirrus sac to open into genital atrium anterior to cirrus; vaginal sphincter lacking; seminal receptacle lacking. Ovary near posterior end of proglottid, with slightly lobulated margins, H-shaped in frontal view, bilobed in cross-section, 446–537 (501.9 ± 29.8; 5; 9) at widest point by 78–237 (155.5 ± 52.4; 5; 18) long. Mehlis’ gland posterior to ovarian isthmus. Vitellarium follicular; follicles in two lateral bands; each band consisting of multiple columns of follicles, extending throughout length of proglottid, not interrupted by cirrus sac or ovary, converging posterior to ovary; vitelline follicles oval, 22–38 (29.6 ± 5.7; 5; 15) long by 28–52 (38.7 ± 8.1; 5; 15) wide. Uterus medial, saccate, ventral to vagina, extending anteriorly from ovarian isthmus to mid-level of testicular field. Excretory vessels four, arranged in one dorsal and one ventral pair on each lateral margin of proglottid. Oncospheres organized in cocoons (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[159,282,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,747,771]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,723]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[155,1432,181,723]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Photomicrographs of cocoons of Pentaloculum grahami n. sp. showing variation in number of oncospheres. (A) Cocoon containing five oncospheres. (B) Cocoon containing six oncospheres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710804/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Fig. 5A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cocoons spherical, containing 5–7 (6.1 ± 0.6; 1; 10) oncospheres, polar filaments lacking; oncospheres spherical, 50–81 (69.7 ± 5; 1; 10) long by 63–79 (71.6 ± 4.1; 1; 57) wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710800" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710800/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="36" startId="6.[151,250,1868,1892]" targetBox="[159,1412,189,1838]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,1868,2001]" pageId="6" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,273,1868,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="36">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Line drawings of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Bueno & Caira, 2023" authorityName="Bueno & Caira" authorityYear="2023" box="[481,718,1869,1893]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="36" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="grahami" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[481,718,1869,1893]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="36">Pentaloculum grahami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[728,789,1869,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[728,789,1869,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="36" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A) Scolex (paratype, SA-2-1, LRP No. 10947). (B) Mature subterminal proglottid (paratype, SA-16-1, USNM No. 1678892). (C) Detail of terminal genitalia (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (D) Gravid terminal proglottid (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343). (E) Whole worm (holotype, SA-16-3, QM No. G240343).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710802" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710802/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" startId="7.[151,250,1687,1711]" targetBox="[179,1408,741,1663]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,1687,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,274,1687,1711]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron micrographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Bueno & Caira, 2023" authorityName="Bueno & Caira" authorityYear="2023" box="[624,856,1687,1711]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="grahami" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[624,856,1687,1711]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">Pentaloculum grahami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[861,918,1687,1711]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[861,918,1687,1711]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A) Scolex, small letters indicate location of details in micrographs B–H. (B) Distal bothridial surface densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (C) Apex of scolex covered with gladiate spinitriches and densely packed capilliform filitriches. (D) Scolex proper densely covered with gladiate spinitriches interspersed with capilliform filitriches. (E) Proximal surface of margin of anteriormost loculus densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (F) Proximal surfaces of margins of anterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (G) Proximal surfaces of margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with long-tipped aristate gladiate spinitriches interspersed with gladiate spinitriches and capilliform filitriches. (H) Proximal surfaces away from margins of posterior pair of loculi densely covered with short-tipped wide aristate gladiate spinitriches, filitriches not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710804" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710804/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" startId="8.[151,250,747,771]" targetBox="[155,1432,181,723]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1436,747,808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,276,747,772]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Photomicrographs of cocoons of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Bueno & Caira, 2023" authorityName="Bueno & Caira" authorityYear="2023" box="[624,858,747,771]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="grahami" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[624,858,747,771]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Pentaloculum grahami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[865,924,748,772]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[865,924,748,772]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
showing variation in number of oncospheres. (A) Cocoon containing five oncospheres. (B) Cocoon containing six oncospheres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,854,1096]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,854,880]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Bueno & Caira, 2023" authorityName="Bueno & Caira" authorityYear="2023" box="[321,577,854,880]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="grahami" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[321,577,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Pentaloculum grahami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[583,644,854,880]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[583,644,854,880]" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1963" box="[789,994,854,880]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocephalum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[789,994,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">P. macrocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eudy, Caira, and Jensen" authorityYear="2019" box="[1046,1109,854,880]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1046,1109,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">P. hoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in total worm length (12.08 – 51.62 vs. 8 and
|
||
<quantity box="[324,460,889,916]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="1.7">1.7–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively) and total number of proglottids (105–174 vs. 23 and 16–26, respectively). It can be further distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1963" box="[556,762,926,952]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocephalum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[556,762,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">P. macrocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eudy, Caira, and Jensen" authorityYear="2019" box="[817,881,926,952]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[817,881,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">P. hoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that its mature proglottids are wider than long, as opposed to longer than wide, and in that the ovary is H-shaped rather than inverted A-shaped. It further differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eudy, Caira, and Jensen" authorityYear="2019" box="[213,281,998,1024]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Pentaloculum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="hoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[213,230,998,1023]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[245,281,998,1024]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">hoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that its cocoons lack, rather than possess, bipolar filaments. It is of note that
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hayden, B. P. & Campbell, R. A." pageId="8" pageNumber="38" pagination="262 - 267" refId="ref12671" refString="Hayden, B. P. & Campbell, R. A. (1981) Zyxibothrium (Tetraphyllidea: Phyllobothriidae), a new genus of cestodes from skates, with suggestions for diagnoses, classification, and revision of the Rhinebothriinae Euzet, 1953. Journal of Parasitology, 67, 262 - 267. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3280647" type="journal article" year="1981">Hayden and Campbell (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hayden and Campbell" authorityYear="1981" box="[345,609,1034,1060]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Zyxibothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllobothriidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kamienae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[345,609,1034,1060]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="38">Zyxibothrium kamienae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as possessing eggs that were contained in a membranous intrauterine tube, rather than arranged in cocoons.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |