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<mods:title id="1B1BB617C23CBCA1D887049AB7427BE8">Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FF75911FFE1FA407" bold="true" box="[151,406,1302,1329]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Philodoria sciallactis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF890768FE44911FFDD5A406" author="Meyrick, E." box="[422,604,1302,1328]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="104" refId="ref102144" refString="Meyrick, E. (1928) Some new species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7 (1), 104." type="journal article" year="1928">Meyrick, 1928</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13122A58FF890768FF759133FEA2A462" box="[151,299,1338,1364]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,187,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-23@44.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 24. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. lipochaetaella, specimens originally described as Parectopa lipochaetae Swezey, 1946, syntype male B P. sciallactis (Meyrick, 1928) lectotype male C Paralectotype male D Paralectotype female E Male left forewing of specimen CJ164, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui F Same specimen, right forewing G Male right forewing of specimen CJ189, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui H Philodoria sp. B nr. P. sciallactis (specimen CJ483, sex unknown) right forewing, host: Lipochaeta acris, Kauai. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681861/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Figs. 24A–G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF890768FED49133FE00A463" box="[310,393,1338,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="104.[151,250,749,773]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,282,721]" captionTargetId="figure-70@104.[151,1437,273,726]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 53. Valva of Philodoria. A, C, D: Left valva, B: Right valva. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. sciallactis, paralectotype, C P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, D P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681925/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">53A, B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF890768FE779133FE41A463" box="[405,456,1338,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="104.[151,250,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,842,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-120@104.[150,1438,834,1820]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 54. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, C P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK682, D Same as C, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681927/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">54A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF890768FE319133FD8FA463" box="[467,518,1338,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[249,1345,190,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[238,1350,181,1358]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 55. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, C P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681929/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">55A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF890768FDF39133FDCDA462" box="[529,580,1338,1364]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="111.[151,250,921,945]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,191,891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@111.[151,1437,181,897]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURE 60. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. marginestrigata, SK665, B Same species, SK772, host: Abutilon menziesi, C Same species, SK787, host: Sida fallax, D P. sciallactis, paralectotype, SK713, E P. ureraella, paralectotype, SK677, F P. opuhe, paratype, SK675." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681939/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">60D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF890768FDAD9133FD2AA462" box="[591,675,1338,1364]" captionStart="FIGURE 78" captionStartId="140.[151,250,1631,1655]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,184,1604]" captionTargetId="figure-23@140.[158,1430,181,1607]" captionTargetPageId="140" captionText="FIGURE 78. Resting posture of adult Philodoria on their larval host A P. sciallactis, Maui, CJ195, host: Melanthera kamolensis, B, C P. sciallactis, Maui, CJ164, 189, host: M. kamolensis, D P. ureraella, Maui, CJ316, host: Urera glabra, E, F P. urerana, Oahu, CJ307, host: U. glabra." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681977/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">78A–C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF890768FD4C9133FC8DA462" box="[686,772,1338,1364]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="153.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[160,1414,189,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-20@153.[151,1436,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="153" captionText="FIGURE 91. Philodoria species on leaves of Asteraceae host plants. A–G: P. sciallactis, H, I: P. keahii. Host plants: A–C Melanthera integrifolia, West Oahu, D–F Lipochaeta rockii, East Maui, G Melanthera kamolensis, East Maui, H, I Remya mauiensis, Maui." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4682012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4682012/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">91A–G</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FF759176FEE4A4A1" box="[151,365,1407,1431]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Parectopa sciallactis</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FF759197FE09A483" box="[151,384,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Parectopa lipochaetae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF890768FE689194FDDAA483" author="Swezey, O. H." box="[394,595,1437,1461]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="625 - 628" refId="ref102759" refString="Swezey, O. H. (1946) New species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 12 (3), 625 - 628." type="journal article" year="1946">Swezey, 1946: 627</bibRefCitation>
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. A junior subjective synonym of 
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<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FC559197FB33A483" box="[951,1210,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Parectopa lipochaetaella</emphasis>
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, synonymized by 
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF890768FEA691B5FDC4A4E2" author="Zimmerman, E. C." box="[324,589,1468,1492]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" refId="ref103182" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978 a) Gracillarioidea. In: Microlepidoptera. Part 1. Insects of Hawaii, Vol. 9. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 644 - 718." type="book" year="1978">Zimmerman (1978a: 681)</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FF7591D2FEFBA4C5" box="[151,370,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Philodoria sciallactis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF890768FE9D91D2FD90A4C5" author="Meyrick, E." box="[383,537,1499,1523]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="104" refId="ref102144" refString="Meyrick, E. (1928) Some new species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7 (1), 104." type="journal article" year="1928">Meyrick, 1928</bibRefCitation>
)
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; 
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF890768FDCE91D2FCABA4C5" author="Zimmerman, E. C." box="[556,802,1499,1523]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" refId="ref103182" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978 a) Gracillarioidea. In: Microlepidoptera. Part 1. Insects of Hawaii, Vol. 9. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 644 - 718." type="book" year="1978">Zimmerman 1978a: 690</bibRefCitation>
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, figs. 445, 451, 458; 
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF890768FC1A91D2FB50A4C5" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Moore, M. R. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[1016,1241,1499,1523]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="361 - 372" refId="ref101228" refString="Johns, C. A., Moore, M. R. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2016) Molecular phylogeny, revised higher classification, and implications for conservation of endangered Hawaiian leaf-mining moths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Philodoria). Pacific Science, 70 (3), 361 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.2984 / 70.3.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Johns 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FBDA91D2FBECA4C5" box="[1080,1125,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">et al</emphasis>
. 2016: 369
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, figs. 1, 2; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF890768FAA891D2FE96A727" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Toussaint, E. F. A. &amp; Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="20181047" refId="ref101297" refString="Johns, C. A., Toussaint, E. F. A., Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Origin and macroevolution of micro-moths on sunken Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285, 20181047. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2018.1047" type="journal article" year="2018">
Johns 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FA6891D2FF52A727" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
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: fig. 2.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF890768FF759211FDB7A706" blockId="103.[151,1436,1407,1584]" box="[151,574,1560,1584]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF890768FF759211FE8CA706" ID-CoL="8V6FQ" authority="Walsingham" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,261,1560,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FF759211FE8CA706" box="[151,261,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 6; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF890768FEAB9211FE70A706" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Toussaint, E. F. A. &amp; Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[329,505,1560,1584]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="20181047" refId="ref101297" refString="Johns, C. A., Toussaint, E. F. A., Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Origin and macroevolution of micro-moths on sunken Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285, 20181047. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2018.1047" type="journal article" year="2018">
Johns 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FE6B9210FE3CA706" box="[393,437,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF890766FF759250FC1DA7DE" lastPageId="105" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF890768FF759250FDADA742" blockId="103.[151,1437,1625,2011]" box="[151,548,1625,1652]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FF759250FEBFA745" bold="true" box="[151,310,1625,1651]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FF759250FF5BA745" box="[151,210,1625,1651]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Kaena Point (Oahu).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF890767FF259274FC04A1CF" blockId="103.[151,1437,1625,2011]" lastBlockId="104.[151,1436,151,249]" lastPageId="104" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FF259274FEFAA7A1" bold="true" box="[199,371,1661,1687]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Type material.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FE9B9274FE60A7A1" box="[377,489,1661,1687]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
♂, Kaena Point, Oahu, 
<date id="FF97101DFF890768FD0C9274FCEFA7A1" box="[750,870,1661,1687]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" value="1927-11-11">11.xi.1927</date>
, O.H. Swezey Collector, 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF890768FB9F9274FB72A7A1" box="[1149,1275,1661,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FB9F9274FB72A7A1" box="[1149,1275,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Lipochaeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF890768FAF89274FE9CA78D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="integrifolia">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FAF89274FE9CA78D" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Melanthera integrifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], | 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FED292A8FE15A78D" box="[304,412,1697,1723]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
| 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF890768FE4892ABFD51A78D" authority="Mey." authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[426,728,1697,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FE4892ABFD1EA78D" box="[426,663,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Parectopa sciallactis</emphasis>
Mey.
</taxonomicName>
teste Meyr.| in 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF890768FC6892A8FC52A78D" box="[906,987,1697,1723]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
. (here designated) 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FB5092A8FAC3A78D" box="[1202,1354,1697,1723]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
6 (3♂, 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF890768FF7592CCFF32A7E9" box="[151,187,1733,1759]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
). [Same data and locality as 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FDE292CCFDEEA7E9" box="[512,615,1733,1759]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
with following label: | 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FC8192CCFC40A7E9" box="[867,969,1733,1759]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
| 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF890768FC3792CFFA8BA7E9" authority="Mey." authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[981,1282,1733,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FC3792CFFB4BA7E9" box="[981,1218,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Parectopa sciallactis</emphasis>
Mey.
</taxonomicName>
teste Meyr.|]: 2♂, 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF890768FF2B92E0FF65A635" box="[201,236,1769,1795]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, ♂| 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF890768FEEF92E0FEE9A635" box="[269,352,1769,1795]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
34280, SK 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF890768FE3F92E0FD9FA635" box="[477,534,1769,1795]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="female">713♀</specimenCount>
| 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF890768FDFB92E0FDE4A635" box="[537,621,1769,1795]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
34281, SK711♂| 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF890768FCC092E0FCFAA635" box="[802,883,1769,1795]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
34282; 1♂, |B.M. Genitalia slide no. 2754|Meyrick Coll. B.M. 1938-290|BMNH(E) 1407859| 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF890768FD5A9304FCACA61E" box="[696,805,1805,1832]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
010305339| 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FC489304FB86A61E" box="[938,1039,1805,1832]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
| in 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF890768FBA19304FB39A611" box="[1091,1200,1805,1831]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
; 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF890768FB209304FB6CA611" box="[1218,1253,1805,1831]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, | 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF890768FB1E9304FF52A67D" authority="Clem." authorityName="Clem." class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">PARECTOPA Clem.</taxonomicName>
| 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF890768FF3E9338FE14A67A" authority="Meyr." authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[220,413,1841,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">sciallactis Meyr.</taxonomicName>
|BMNH(E)1407866| 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF890768FD989338FD61A67A" box="[634,744,1841,1868]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
010305340| 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FC8C9338FC5DA67A" box="[878,980,1841,1868]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
| in 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF890768FBE19338FBF9A67D" box="[1027,1136,1841,1867]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
; 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF890768FB629338FB2AA67D" box="[1152,1187,1841,1867]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, SK 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF890768FB399338FA91A67D" box="[1243,1304,1841,1867]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="female">712♀</specimenCount>
in 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF890768FAA69338FA10A67D" box="[1348,1433,1841,1867]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
. Described from seven specimens reared from ‘fleshy leaves of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF890768FCBD935CFBEAA659" authorityName="A.Gray" authorityYear="1861" box="[863,1123,1877,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="integrifolia">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FCBD935CFBEAA659" box="[863,1123,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Lipochaeta integrifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF890768FB66935CFA05A659" box="[1156,1420,1877,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="integrifolia">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF890768FB66935CFA05A659" box="[1156,1420,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Melanthera integrifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], growing in rocky places near the seashore’ (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF890768FD659370FCA5A6A5" author="Meyrick, E." box="[647,812,1913,1939]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="104" refId="ref102144" refString="Meyrick, E. (1928) Some new species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7 (1), 104." type="journal article" year="1928">Meyrick 1928</bibRefCitation>
). Specimen labels suggest that Meyrick considered one of these specimens to be the 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FE089394FDC5A681" box="[490,588,1949,1975]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the remaining specimens as 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FC2D9394FBB7A681" box="[975,1086,1949,1975]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
. However, because a 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FAD89394FA15A681" box="[1338,1436,1949,1975]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen was not formally designated in the original description, the so-labeled 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FBDF93C8FB16A6ED" box="[1085,1183,1985,2011]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF890768FB3E93C8FACEA6ED" box="[1244,1351,1985,2011]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
can be considered 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF860767FEF5949EFEF0A187" box="[279,377,151,177]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
under Article 73.2 of the Code (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF860767FD3E949EFCE8A187" author="ICZN" box="[732,865,151,177]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" refId="ref101112" refString="ICZN (1999) International code of zoological nomenclature. Fourth Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF860767FD3E949EFC96A187" box="[732,799,151,177]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
), and any of them are eligible for designation as the 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF860767FF7594B2FF77A1E3" box="[151,254,187,213]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
under Article 74 of the Code (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF860767FDB294B2FD5FA1E3" author="ICZN" box="[592,726,187,213]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" refId="ref101112" refString="ICZN (1999) International code of zoological nomenclature. Fourth Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF860767FDB294B2FD1AA1E3" box="[592,659,187,213]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
). The 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF860767FCF994B2FCFBA1E3" box="[795,882,187,213]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
labeled ‘Holotype’ is here formally designated as 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF860767FF7594D6FF77A1CF" box="[151,254,223,249]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF860767FEEF94D6FEF8A1CF" box="[269,369,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,187,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-23@44.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 24. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. lipochaetaella, specimens originally described as Parectopa lipochaetae Swezey, 1946, syntype male B P. sciallactis (Meyrick, 1928) lectotype male C Paralectotype male D Paralectotype female E Male left forewing of specimen CJ164, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui F Same specimen, right forewing G Male right forewing of specimen CJ189, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui H Philodoria sp. B nr. P. sciallactis (specimen CJ483, sex unknown) right forewing, host: Lipochaeta acris, Kauai. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681861/files/figure.png" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Fig. 24B</figureCitation>
) and the remaining 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF860767FDB094D6FD3DA1CF" box="[594,692,223,249]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
are 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF860767FD0694D6FC00A1CF" box="[740,905,223,249]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF566655FF860767FF7596E4FA14A21C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681925" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681925/files/figure.png" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" startId="104.[151,250,749,773]" targetBox="[157,1430,282,721]" targetPageId="104">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF860767FF7596E4FA14A21C" blockId="104.[151,1437,749,810]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FF7596E4FEABA230" bold="true" box="[151,290,749,774]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">FIGURE 53.</emphasis>
Valva of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FE6B96E7FE7EA230" box="[393,503,750,774]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FE6B96E7FE7EA230" box="[393,503,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FDE796E4FDB1A233" bold="true" box="[517,568,749,773]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">A, C</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FDA596E7FDD0A230" bold="true" box="[583,601,750,774]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">D</emphasis>
: Left valva, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FD0396E7FD7BA230" bold="true" box="[737,754,750,774]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">B</emphasis>
: Right valva. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FC6796E4FC1EA233" bold="true" box="[901,919,749,773]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FC4296E7FBABA230" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[928,1058,750,774]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FC4296E7FBABA230" box="[928,1058,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(syntype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FB4496E7FA04A230" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1946" box="[1190,1421,750,774]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetae">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FB4496E7FA04A230" box="[1190,1421,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Parectopa lipochaetae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), Maui, SK699, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FECE971BFEB4A21C" bold="true" box="[300,317,786,810]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FEA6971BFE4AA21C" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[324,451,786,810]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FEA6971BFE4AA21C" box="[324,451,786,810]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paralectotype, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FD879718FDFEA21F" bold="true" box="[613,631,785,809]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FD9C971BFD7AA21C" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[638,755,786,810]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ureraella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FD9C971BFD7AA21C" box="[638,755,786,810]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">P. ureraella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FBCE971BFBB7A21C" bold="true" box="[1068,1086,786,810]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FBA7971BFB15A21C" box="[1093,1180,786,810]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuhe">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FBA7971BFB15A21C" box="[1093,1180,786,810]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">P. opuhe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paratype, Oahu, SK674.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF566655FF860767FF75933DFD8CA6A2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681927" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681927/files/figure.png" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" startId="104.[151,250,1844,1868]" targetBox="[160,1434,842,1815]" targetPageId="104">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF860767FF75933DFD8CA6A2" blockId="104.[151,1436,1844,1941]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FF75933DFEA8A67A" bold="true" box="[151,289,1844,1868]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">FIGURE 54.</emphasis>
Genital capsule of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FE0E933DFDD3A67A" box="[492,602,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FE0E933DFDD3A67A" box="[492,602,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FB40933DFB3DA67A" bold="true" box="[1186,1204,1844,1868]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FB5E933CFAB7A67A" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[1212,1342,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FB5E933CFAB7A67A" box="[1212,1342,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(syntype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FF519350FE10A646" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1946" box="[179,409,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetae">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FF519350FE10A646" box="[179,409,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Parectopa lipochaetae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), Maui, SK699, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FDA79351FDDFA646" bold="true" box="[581,598,1880,1904]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FDBF9350FD5DA646" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[605,724,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ureraella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FDBF9350FD5DA646" box="[605,724,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">P. ureraella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FBED9351FBA8A646" bold="true" box="[1039,1057,1880,1904]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF860767FBCB9350FB09A646" box="[1065,1152,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuhe">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FBCB9350FB09A646" box="[1065,1152,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">P. opuhe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paratype, Oahu, SK682, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FA689351FA15A646" bold="true" box="[1418,1436,1880,1904]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">D</emphasis>
Same as 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF860767FF139375FE8AA6A2" bold="true" box="[241,259,1916,1940]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">C</emphasis>
, paratype, Oahu, SK674.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF566655FF870766FF75916EFC01A495" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681929/files/figure.png" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" startId="105.[151,250,1383,1407]" targetBox="[249,1345,190,1349]" targetPageId="105">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF870766FF75916EFC01A495" blockId="105.[151,1436,1383,1443]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FF75916EFEA8A449" bold="true" box="[151,289,1383,1407]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">FIGURE 55.</emphasis>
Phallus of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FE7A916EFD8FA449" box="[408,518,1383,1407]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FE7A916EFD8FA449" box="[408,518,1383,1407]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, lateral view. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FD75916EFD20A449" bold="true" box="[663,681,1383,1407]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FD539161FCBAA449" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[689,819,1383,1407]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FD539161FCBAA449" box="[689,819,1383,1407]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(syntype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FC549161FB15A449" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1946" box="[950,1180,1383,1407]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetae">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FC549161FB15A449" box="[950,1180,1383,1407]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Parectopa lipochaetae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), Maui, SK699, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FAA9916EFAD5A449" bold="true" box="[1355,1372,1383,1407]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FA819161FF56A495" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ureraella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FA819161FF56A495" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">P. ureraella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FDF59182FDA0A495" bold="true" box="[535,553,1419,1443]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FDD29185FD0EA495" box="[560,647,1419,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuhe">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FDD29185FD0EA495" box="[560,647,1419,1443]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">P. opuhe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paratype, Oahu, SK674.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF870766FF2591D8FC1DA7DE" blockId="105.[151,1437,1489,2020]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FF2591D8FE31A4DD" bold="true" box="[199,440,1489,1515]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Additional material.</emphasis>
(5♂, 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF870766FE1791D8FD91A4DD" box="[501,536,1489,1515]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 2 sex unknown) 1♂, Mokio, Molokai, 
<date id="FF97101DFF870766FC2891D8FBC0A4DD" box="[970,1097,1489,1515]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" value="2013-12-29">29.xii.2013</date>
(stored), C.A. Johns leg., host: 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FF7591FCFEE8A739" box="[151,353,1525,1551]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rockii">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FF7591FCFEE8A739" box="[151,353,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Melanthera rockii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[= 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FE6B91FCFDC7A739" authorityName="Sherff" authorityYear="1933" box="[393,590,1525,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rockii">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FE6B91FCFDC7A739" box="[393,590,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Lipochaeta rockii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], 
<date id="FF97101DFF870766FD8791FCFD6EA739" box="[613,743,1525,1551]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" value="2013-12-16">16.xii.2013</date>
, CJ159, SK759♂ in 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF870766FC3291FFFBA8A726" box="[976,1057,1526,1552]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
; Maui: 1♂, 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF870766FB4A91FCFB42A739" box="[1192,1227,1525,1551]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 2 (sex unknown), Lahaina, 
<date id="FF97101DFF870766FEE49210FE01A705" box="[262,392,1561,1587]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" value="1928-12-23">23.xii.1928</date>
, O.H. Swezey Collector, ex 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FD0A9210FBB6A705" authority=", BPBM" authorityName="BPBM" box="[744,1087,1561,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvarum">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FD0A9210FC52A705" box="[744,987,1561,1587]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Lipochaeta larvarum</emphasis>
, BPBM
</taxonomicName>
34184, SK699♂| 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF870766FB1E9210FAC7A702" box="[1276,1358,1561,1588]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
34185, 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF870766FF759234FF6EA761" box="[151,231,1597,1623]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
34186,| 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF870766FED79234FE29A761" box="[309,416,1597,1623]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FE539237FC9EA761" authority="Swezey" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1946" box="[433,791,1597,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetae">Parectopa lipochaetae Swezey</taxonomicName>
|Type no. 4259|; 3♂, Lualailua, 
<date id="FF97101DFF870766FB499234FAA2A761" box="[1195,1323,1597,1623]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" value="2013-12-30">30.xii.2013</date>
&amp; 
<date id="FF97101DFF870766FAA09234FA15A761" box="[1346,1436,1597,1623]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" value="2014-01-04">4.i.2014</date>
(stored), C.A. Johns leg., host: 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FE109268FD7EA74D" box="[498,759,1633,1659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kamolensis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FE109268FD7EA74D" box="[498,759,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Melanthera kamolensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="FF97101DFF870766FCE79268FC0EA74D" box="[773,903,1633,1659]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" value="2013-12-24">24.xii.2013</date>
, CJ163 / SK688♂, CJ164 / PHIL0024♂, CJ189 / SK689♂ in 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF870766FECC928FFEF6A796" box="[302,383,1670,1696]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
. 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF870766FE69928CFE27A7A9" box="[395,430,1669,1695]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 2 (sex unknown), Kaena Point, Oahu, 
<date id="FF97101DFF870766FC8E928CFB8EA7A9" box="[876,1031,1669,1695]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" value="2014-07-06" valueMax="2014-07-11" valueMin="2014-07-06">6–11.vii.2014</date>
(stored in RNAlater solution), C.A. Johns leg., host: 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FEB492A0FDD7A7F5" box="[342,606,1705,1731]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="integrifolia">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FEB492A0FDD7A7F5" box="[342,606,1705,1731]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Melanthera integrifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="FF97101DFF870766FD8F92A0FD68A7F5" box="[621,737,1705,1731]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" value="2014-07-01">1.vii.2014</date>
, AHE_56, CJ271 / PHIL0034 
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF870766FBDD92A0FBC5A7F5" box="[1087,1100,1705,1731]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, CJ273 (no abdomen), CJ274 (no abdomen), ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FEA992C4FE4DA7D1" box="[331,452,1741,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FEA992C4FE4DA7D1" box="[331,452,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 6 of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF870766FDC792C4FD74A7D1" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Toussaint, E. F. A. &amp; Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[549,765,1741,1768]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="20181047" refId="ref101297" refString="Johns, C. A., Toussaint, E. F. A., Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Origin and macroevolution of micro-moths on sunken Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285, 20181047. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2018.1047" type="journal article" year="2018">
Johns 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FD8E92C7FD14A7D1" box="[620,669,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al</emphasis>
. (2018)
</bibRefCitation>
’, in 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF870766FCC892C7FC19A7DE" box="[810,912,1742,1768]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="Museum">FLMNH</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF870766FF2592F8FAE2A606" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF870766FF2592F8FAE2A606" blockId="105.[151,1437,1489,2020]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FF2592F8FECBA63D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1777,1803]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The forewing pattern is similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FCEC92FBFB0AA63A" authority="(Walsingham)" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[782,1155,1777,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginestrigata">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FCEC92FBFC52A63D" box="[782,987,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">P. marginestrigata</emphasis>
(Walsingham)
</taxonomicName>
, but this specimen can be distinguished by its large white patches on the forewing (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF870766FCF5931CFC2AA619" box="[791,931,1813,1839]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,187,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-23@44.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 24. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. lipochaetaella, specimens originally described as Parectopa lipochaetae Swezey, 1946, syntype male B P. sciallactis (Meyrick, 1928) lectotype male C Paralectotype male D Paralectotype female E Male left forewing of specimen CJ164, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui F Same specimen, right forewing G Male right forewing of specimen CJ189, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui H Philodoria sp. B nr. P. sciallactis (specimen CJ483, sex unknown) right forewing, host: Lipochaeta acris, Kauai. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681861/files/figure.png" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Fig. 24A–G</figureCitation>
). See also diagnosis of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF870766FB4A931FFAEAA619" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1940" box="[1192,1379,1813,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetaella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FB4A931FFAEAA619" box="[1192,1379,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">P. lipochaetaella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF870763FF259330FEA1A076" lastPageId="108" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF870764FF259330FBD3A611" blockId="105.[151,1437,1489,2020]" lastBlockId="107.[151,1437,1697,2011]" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FF259330FE4AA665" bold="true" box="[199,451,1849,1875]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Redescription: Adult</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF870766FE349330FDE9A665" box="[470,608,1849,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,187,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-23@44.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 24. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. lipochaetaella, specimens originally described as Parectopa lipochaetae Swezey, 1946, syntype male B P. sciallactis (Meyrick, 1928) lectotype male C Paralectotype male D Paralectotype female E Male left forewing of specimen CJ164, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui F Same specimen, right forewing G Male right forewing of specimen CJ189, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui H Philodoria sp. B nr. P. sciallactis (specimen CJ483, sex unknown) right forewing, host: Lipochaeta acris, Kauai. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681861/files/figure.png" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Fig. 24A–F</figureCitation>
). Wingspan 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF870766FD0D9330FCEAA662" box="[751,867,1849,1876]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–6 mm</quantity>
in 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF870766FC6E9330FBAEA665" box="[908,1063,1849,1875]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
; forewing length 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF870766FB119330FAF4A662" box="[1267,1405,1849,1876]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.5 mm</quantity>
in 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF870766FF759354FEBBA641" box="[151,306,1885,1911]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
. Head and frons whitie; maxillary palpus white; labial palpus white, sometimes with fuscous rings at apex of second segment and in middle of terminal segment. Antenna white ringed fuscous. Thorax white to graywhite. Forewing white, sometimes partially suffused light gray with light ocherous to yellow patches, margined with fuscous scales: a median streak (
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF870766FDE793C0FDA5A6D5" bold="true" box="[517,556,1993,2019]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">mp</emphasis>
) from base to 1/3, meeting apex of an oblique narrow line from base to 1/8 of near dorsum; a small spot at dorsal 1/7 (
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FDB792A8FDF5A7F7" bold="true" box="[597,636,1697,1729]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
dp 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FD9692BAFDF5A7F7" attach="left" box="[628,636,1715,1729]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
); three oblique costal patches (
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FC3A92A8FB85A7F7" bold="true" box="[984,1036,1697,1729]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
cp 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FC1692BAFB85A7F7" attach="left" box="[1012,1036,1715,1729]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">1–3</subScript>
</emphasis>
): 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FBC692A8FBC1A7F7" bold="true" box="[1060,1096,1697,1729]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
cp 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FBA292BAFBC1A7F7" attach="left" box="[1088,1096,1715,1729]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
about 1/2, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FB2792A8FB60A7F7" bold="true" box="[1221,1257,1697,1729]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
cp 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FB0392BAFB60A7F7" attach="left" box="[1249,1257,1715,1729]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
at 3/4, reaching half across wing; 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FEBC92CCFE0BA7D3" bold="true" box="[350,386,1733,1765]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
cp 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FE9892DEFE0BA7D3" attach="left" box="[378,386,1751,1765]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
short, before apex; an oblique 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FD3C92CCFC8CA7D3" bold="true" box="[734,773,1733,1765]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
dp 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FD1F92DEFC8CA7D3" attach="left" box="[765,773,1751,1765]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
at 1/2, meeting 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FC5992CCFC56A7D3" bold="true" box="[955,991,1733,1765]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
cp 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FC3592DEFC56A7D3" attach="left" box="[983,991,1751,1765]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FBF492CCFBB3A7D3" bold="true" box="[1046,1082,1733,1765]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
cp 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FBD092DEFBB3A7D3" attach="left" box="[1074,1082,1751,1765]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
; apical portion white with light ocherous scales at middle, containing a black 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FD7F92E0FD3FA635" bold="true" box="[669,694,1769,1795]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">as</emphasis>
; cilia white or white gray, with 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FBC292E0FBB6A63F" bold="true" box="[1056,1087,1769,1801]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
bl 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FBD592F2FBB6A63F" attach="left" box="[1079,1087,1787,1801]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FB9592E0FB1FA63F" bold="true" box="[1143,1174,1769,1801]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
bl 
<subScript id="17AD3498FF850764FB6C92F2FB1FA63F" attach="left" box="[1166,1174,1787,1801]" fontSize="6" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
from termen to tornus. Hindwing gray; cilia white. Abdomen ocherous. Legs white, tarsi with fuscous scales.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF566655FF840765FF759350FBD4A6EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681931" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681931/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" startId="106.[151,250,1881,1905]" targetBox="[170,1411,192,1821]" targetPageId="106">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF840765FF759350FBD4A6EB" blockId="106.[151,1436,1881,2013]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FF759350FEAAA647" bold="true" box="[151,291,1881,1905]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">FIGURE 56.</emphasis>
Female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF840765FE1F9350FDE2A647" box="[509,619,1881,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FE1F9350FDE2A647" box="[509,619,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FD999350FD04A647" bold="true" box="[635,653,1881,1905]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF840765FD749353FCAEA647" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[662,807,1881,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succedanea">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FD749353FCAEA647" box="[662,807,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. succedanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paralectotype, Maui, SK714, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FB8B9350FBF3A647" bold="true" box="[1129,1146,1881,1905]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">B</emphasis>
Same species, Hawaii (Big Island), SK624, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FEA29374FEDBA6A3" bold="true" box="[320,338,1917,1941]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF840765FEB89377FD81A6A3" box="[346,520,1917,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auromagnifica">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FEB89377FD81A6A3" box="[346,520,1917,1941]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. auromagnifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Hawaii (Big Island), SK623, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FCA79374FCDEA6A3" bold="true" box="[837,855,1917,1941]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF840765FCBD9377FB88A6A3" authorityName="Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara" authorityYear="2018" box="[863,1025,1917,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kauaulaensis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FCBD9377FCE7A6A3" box="[863,878,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FC9F9374FB88A6A3" box="[893,1025,1917,1941]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">kauaulaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, SK690, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FB299374FB55A6A3" bold="true" box="[1227,1244,1917,1941]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">E</emphasis>
Same species, lateral view, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FEE293A8FE86A68F" bold="true" box="[256,271,1953,1977]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF840765FEF493ABFEEEA68F" authorityName="Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara" authorityYear="2018" box="[278,359,1953,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kolea">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FEF493ABFEEEA68F" box="[278,359,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. kolea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK634, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FCE093A8FC9FA68F" bold="true" box="[770,790,1953,1977]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF840765FCFE93ABFC63A68F" authority=", SK" authorityName="SK" box="[796,1002,1953,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lysimachiella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FCFE93ABFC35A68F" box="[796,956,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. lysimachiella</emphasis>
, SK
</taxonomicName>
654, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FBFF93A8FBB8A68F" bold="true" box="[1053,1073,1953,1977]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FBD593ABFBCFA68F" box="[1079,1094,1954,1977]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P</emphasis>
. sp. A, SK753, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FB0A93A8FB7BA68F" bold="true" box="[1256,1266,1953,1977]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF840765FB1A93ABFF30A6EB" authority=", SK" authorityName="SK" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molokaiensis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FB1A93ABFA1FA68F" box="[1272,1430,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. molokaiensis</emphasis>
, SK
</taxonomicName>
668, lateral view, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FE8E93CCFEF0A6EB" bold="true" box="[364,377,1989,2013]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">J</emphasis>
Same ventral view, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FDA593CCFDD2A6EB" bold="true" box="[583,603,1989,2013]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">K</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF840765FD8393CFFC82A6EB" authority=", SK" authorityName="SK" box="[609,779,1989,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendida">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FD8393CFFD54A6EB" box="[609,733,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. splendida</emphasis>
, SK
</taxonomicName>
621, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FCDE93CCFCC4A6EB" bold="true" box="[828,845,1989,2013]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">L</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF840765FCB193CFFC16A6EB" box="[851,927,1989,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lama">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF840765FCB193CFFC16A6EB" box="[851,927,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. lama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paratype, SK813.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF566655FF850764FF75921BFDDBA745" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681933" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681933/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" startId="107.[151,250,1554,1578]" targetBox="[181,1405,189,1520]" targetPageId="107">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF850764FF75921BFDDBA745" blockId="107.[151,1437,1554,1651]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FF75921BFEA8A71D" bold="true" box="[151,289,1554,1579]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">FIGURE 57.</emphasis>
Female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF850764FE16921AFDC2A71C" box="[500,587,1555,1578]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pipturus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FE16921AFDC2A71C" box="[500,587,1555,1578]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Pipturus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-mining 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF850764FD41921BFC98A71C" box="[675,785,1554,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FD41921BFC98A71C" box="[675,785,1554,1578]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FCFC921BFCB9A71C" bold="true" box="[798,816,1554,1578]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF850764FCDA921AFC16A71C" box="[824,927,1554,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costalis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FCDA921AFC16A71C" box="[824,927,1554,1578]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">P. costalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paralectotype, SK653 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FB72921AFB28A71D" bold="true" box="[1168,1185,1555,1579]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">B</emphasis>
Same species, paratype, SK652 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FF06923FFF7FA778" bold="true" box="[228,246,1590,1614]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF850764FF1E923EFE25A779" authority=", SK" authorityName="SK" box="[252,428,1590,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipturiella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FF1E923EFEF6A778" box="[252,383,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">P. pipturiella</emphasis>
, SK
</taxonomicName>
722 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FE3A923EFE63A779" bold="true" box="[472,490,1591,1615]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF850764FE12923EFDF3A778" authorityName="Det. By O. H. Swezey" authorityYear="1915" box="[496,634,1590,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipturicola">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FE12923EFDF3A778" box="[496,634,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">P. pipturicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paralectotype, lateral view, SK717 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FC0A923EFC70A779" bold="true" box="[1000,1017,1591,1615]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">E</emphasis>
Same species, paralectotype, SK716 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FA96923EFA0AA779" bold="true" box="[1396,1411,1591,1615]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF850764FA68923EFEC1A745" authority=", SK" authorityName="SK" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haelaauensis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FA68923EFE92A744" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">P. haelaauensis</emphasis>
, SK
</taxonomicName>
792 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FE979253FE00A744" bold="true" box="[373,393,1626,1650]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF850764FE6D9252FDAEA745" authority=", SK" authorityName="SK" box="[399,551,1626,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floscula">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FE6D9252FE71A744" box="[399,504,1626,1650]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">P. floscula</emphasis>
, SK
</taxonomicName>
819.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF850764FF259338FCADA6ED" blockId="107.[151,1437,1697,2011]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF850764FF259338FEF8A67C" bold="true" box="[199,369,1840,1867]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF850764FE9D9338FD86A67D" box="[383,527,1840,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="104.[151,250,749,773]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,282,721]" captionTargetId="figure-70@104.[151,1437,273,726]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 53. Valva of Philodoria. A, C, D: Left valva, B: Right valva. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. sciallactis, paralectotype, C P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, D P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681925/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Figs. 53A, B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF850764FDF89339FDC4A67D" box="[538,589,1840,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="104.[151,250,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,842,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-120@104.[150,1438,834,1820]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 54. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, C P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK682, D Same as C, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681927/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">54A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF850764FDB59339FD01A67D" box="[599,648,1840,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[249,1345,190,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[238,1350,181,1358]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 55. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, C P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681929/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">55A</figureCitation>
) (n=6). Capsule 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF850764FCA19339FC15A67D" box="[835,924,1840,1867]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="590.0">590 µm</quantity>
. Tegumen 0.9 x length of valva; valva 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF850764FAA49338FA15A67D" box="[1350,1436,1841,1867]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="420.0">420 µm</quantity>
long, tapering along costal margin from 1/2 to apex; apical half digitiform, slender and slightly curved toward inner margin with small spines at apex; a set of short spines arranged along inner side of basal region (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF850764FB2C9370FADFA6A5" box="[1230,1366,1912,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="104.[151,250,749,773]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,282,721]" captionTargetId="figure-70@104.[151,1437,273,726]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 53. Valva of Philodoria. A, C, D: Left valva, B: Right valva. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. sciallactis, paralectotype, C P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, D P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681925/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Fig. 53A, B</figureCitation>
). Saccus short and triangular in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF850764FD809394FD45A681" box="[610,716,1948,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="104.[151,250,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,842,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-120@104.[150,1438,834,1820]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 54. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, C P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK682, D Same as C, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681927/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Fig. 54A</figureCitation>
). Phallus 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF850764FCD89394FC1BA681" box="[826,914,1949,1975]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="400.0">400 µm</quantity>
long and slightly widening at phallobase with developed coecum; cornuti in vesica indistinct (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF850764FD4D93C8FC91A6ED" box="[687,792,1984,2011]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[249,1345,190,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[238,1350,181,1358]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 55. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, C P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681929/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Fig. 55A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF820763FF25949FFEA1A076" blockId="108.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FF25949FFE02A186" bold="true" box="[199,395,150,176]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF820763FE7B949FFE77A187" box="[409,510,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="111.[151,250,921,945]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,191,891]" captionTargetId="figure-20@111.[151,1437,181,897]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURE 60. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. marginestrigata, SK665, B Same species, SK772, host: Abutilon menziesi, C Same species, SK787, host: Sida fallax, D P. sciallactis, paralectotype, SK713, E P. ureraella, paralectotype, SK677, F P. opuhe, paratype, SK675." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681939/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 60D</figureCitation>
) (n=2). 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF820763FDB5949FFD33A187" box="[599,698,150,177]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="mm" value="1060.0">1060 µm</quantity>
long. Ostium bursae large; antrum large, cup-shaped with a pair of lateral lobes; lamella antevaginalis 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF820763FDC194B3FDF5A1E3" box="[547,636,186,213]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="mm" value="140.0">140 µm</quantity>
, weakly sclerotized, inflexed on the posterior margin, widening toward anterior margin of A7. Ductus bursae rather short, middle region weakly sclerotized, round and flat; terminus of the ductus bursae tubular, biforked. Corpus bursae 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF820763FD46950BFD74A02B" box="[676,765,258,285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="mm" value="640.0">640 µm</quantity>
, pyriform; anterior end of corpus bursae weakly sclerotized; signa absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF820763FF259543FC5CA052" box="[199,981,330,357]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF820763FF259543FC5CA052" blockId="108.[151,1437,150,1077]" box="[199,981,330,357]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FF259543FEE8A052" bold="true" box="[199,353,330,356]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Distribution.</emphasis>
Oahu (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF820763FE519543FDD5A052" author="Meyrick, E." box="[435,604,330,356]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="104" refId="ref102144" refString="Meyrick, E. (1928) Some new species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7 (1), 104." type="journal article" year="1928">Meyrick, 1928</bibRefCitation>
), Molokai and Maui: new record.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF820763FF259567FE24A39E" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF820763FF259567FECCA0E6" blockId="108.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FF259567FED1A0BE" bold="true" box="[199,344,366,392]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Host plants.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FE839567FE69A0BE" box="[353,480,366,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FE0E9567FBD1A0BE" authority="(Nutt.) W. L. Wagner &amp; H. Rob." authorityName="W. L. Wagner &amp; H. Rob." baseAuthorityName="Nutt." box="[492,1112,366,393]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="integrifolia">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FE0E9567FD7FA0BE" box="[492,758,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Melanthera integrifolia</emphasis>
(Nutt.) W.L.Wagner &amp; H.Rob.
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF820763FB8A9567FA85A0BE" author="Meyrick, E." box="[1128,1292,366,392]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="104" refId="ref102144" refString="Meyrick, E. (1928) Some new species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7 (1), 104." type="journal article" year="1928">Meyrick 1928</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF820763FAF89567FF5AA09B" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Moore, M. R. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="361 - 372" refId="ref101228" refString="Johns, C. A., Moore, M. R. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2016) Molecular phylogeny, revised higher classification, and implications for conservation of endangered Hawaiian leaf-mining moths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Philodoria). Pacific Science, 70 (3), 361 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.2984 / 70.3.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Johns 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FA809566FA1CA0BE" box="[1378,1429,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FF04959AFBDDA09A" authority="(O. Deg. &amp; Sherff) W. L. Wagner &amp; H. Rob. (Endangered, IUCN)" box="[230,1108,402,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kamolensis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FF04959AFE01A09A" box="[230,392,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">M. kamolensis</emphasis>
(O.Deg. &amp; Sherff) W.L.Wagner &amp; H.Rob. (Endangered, IUCN)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FB69959BFA15A09A" authority="Sherff" authorityName="Sherff" authorityYear="1933" box="[1163,1436,402,428]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rockii">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FB69959BFAD9A09A" box="[1163,1360,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Lipochaeta rockii</emphasis>
Sherff
</taxonomicName>
are new record.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF820763FF2595D3FE24A39E" blockId="108.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FF2595D3FEAEA0C2" bold="true" box="[199,295,474,500]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Biology.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF820763FED895D3FE4FA0C2" box="[314,454,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="153.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[160,1414,189,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-20@153.[151,1436,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="153" captionText="FIGURE 91. Philodoria species on leaves of Asteraceae host plants. A–G: P. sciallactis, H, I: P. keahii. Host plants: A–C Melanthera integrifolia, West Oahu, D–F Lipochaeta rockii, East Maui, G Melanthera kamolensis, East Maui, H, I Remya mauiensis, Maui." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4682012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4682012/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 91A–G</figureCitation>
) The larva mines the fresh leaves of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FC6395D3FB04A0C2" box="[897,1165,474,500]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="integrifolia">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FC6395D3FB04A0C2" box="[897,1165,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Melanthera integrifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forming a blotch mine which expands to cover the entire leaf as the larva grows (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF820763FCCC95F7FC31A32F" box="[814,952,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="153.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[160,1414,189,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-20@153.[151,1436,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="153" captionText="FIGURE 91. Philodoria species on leaves of Asteraceae host plants. A–G: P. sciallactis, H, I: P. keahii. Host plants: A–C Melanthera integrifolia, West Oahu, D–F Lipochaeta rockii, East Maui, G Melanthera kamolensis, East Maui, H, I Remya mauiensis, Maui." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4682012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4682012/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 91A, B</figureCitation>
). Pupation occurs in the cocoon outside of the mine; cocoon is white ellipsoid (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF820763FDD3962BFD11A30A" box="[561,664,546,572]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="153.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[160,1414,189,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-20@153.[151,1436,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="153" captionText="FIGURE 91. Philodoria species on leaves of Asteraceae host plants. A–G: P. sciallactis, H, I: P. keahii. Host plants: A–C Melanthera integrifolia, West Oahu, D–F Lipochaeta rockii, East Maui, G Melanthera kamolensis, East Maui, H, I Remya mauiensis, Maui." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4682012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4682012/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 91C</figureCitation>
). Mines on 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FCFF962AFC48A30A" box="[797,961,546,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="integrifolia">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FCFF962AFCBDA30A" box="[797,820,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">M</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FCA1962BFC48A30A" box="[835,961,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">integrifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very difficult to find. Larvae that feed on 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FF59964FFE08A356" authorityName="Sherff" authorityYear="1933" box="[187,385,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rockii">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FF59964FFE08A356" box="[187,385,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Lipochaeta rockii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
form a blotch mine and have a white, ellipsioid pupal cocoon (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF820763FBB2964FFB53A357" box="[1104,1242,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="153.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[160,1414,189,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-20@153.[151,1436,181,1900]" captionTargetPageId="153" captionText="FIGURE 91. Philodoria species on leaves of Asteraceae host plants. A–G: P. sciallactis, H, I: P. keahii. Host plants: A–C Melanthera integrifolia, West Oahu, D–F Lipochaeta rockii, East Maui, G Melanthera kamolensis, East Maui, H, I Remya mauiensis, Maui." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4682012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4682012/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 91D, E</figureCitation>
). On a leaf of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FA9C964EFE9AA3B2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kamolensis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FA9C964EFE9AA3B2" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">M. kamolensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we observed a similar cocoon to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FD399662FCB1A3B2" authorityName="Sherff" authorityYear="1933" box="[731,824,618,644]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Lipochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rockii">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FD399662FCB1A3B2" box="[731,824,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">L. rockii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Cocoons were often found on the adaxial leaf surface, centered on the midvein.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF820763FF2596BBFED3A503" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF820763FF2596BBFED3A503" blockId="108.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FF2596BBFEB2A3FA" bold="true" box="[199,315,690,716]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Remarks.</emphasis>
We surveyed some 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FDF996BBFD17A3FA" authorityName="Rohr" authorityYear="1792" box="[539,670,690,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FDF996BBFD17A3FA" box="[539,670,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Melanthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations in the lowlands of Maui but did not find any 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FAC196BBFA15A3FA" box="[1315,1436,690,716]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FAC196BBFA15A3FA" box="[1315,1436,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mines. The East Maui specimens feeding on 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FD4096DFFC23A3C6" box="[674,938,726,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Melanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kamolensis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FD4096DFFC23A3C6" box="[674,938,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Melanthera kamolensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have generally darker brown patches (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF820763FA8D96DFFF62A222" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,187,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-23@44.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 24. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. lipochaetaella, specimens originally described as Parectopa lipochaetae Swezey, 1946, syntype male B P. sciallactis (Meyrick, 1928) lectotype male C Paralectotype male D Paralectotype female E Male left forewing of specimen CJ164, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui F Same specimen, right forewing G Male right forewing of specimen CJ189, host: Melanthera kamolensis, Maui H Philodoria sp. B nr. P. sciallactis (specimen CJ483, sex unknown) right forewing, host: Lipochaeta acris, Kauai. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681861/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 24E–G</figureCitation>
), similar to specimens from the type series of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FD0C96F2FC23A222" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1940" box="[750,938,762,788]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetaella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FD0C96F2FC23A222" box="[750,938,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">P. lipochaetaella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but these specimens are 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FB2A96F2FADFA222" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[1224,1366,762,788]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FB2A96F2FADFA222" box="[1224,1366,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on male genitalia. The East Maui specimens are from the same series as 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FC2E9716FBD3A20E" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[972,1114,798,824]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FC2E9716FBD3A20E" box="[972,1114,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF820763FB639717FAC7A20E" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Toussaint, E. F. A. &amp; Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[1153,1358,798,825]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="20181047" refId="ref101297" refString="Johns, C. A., Toussaint, E. F. A., Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Origin and macroevolution of micro-moths on sunken Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285, 20181047. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2018.1047" type="journal article" year="2018">
Johns 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FB2A9716FB73A20E" box="[1224,1274,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
. (2018
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2, AHE_4/CJ-145). 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FEBF974BFE54A26A" box="[349,477,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Pholodoria</emphasis>
sp. 6 of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF820763FDA3974BFC9AA26A" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Toussaint, E. F. A. &amp; Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[577,787,834,861]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="20181047" refId="ref101297" refString="Johns, C. A., Toussaint, E. F. A., Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Origin and macroevolution of micro-moths on sunken Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285, 20181047. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2018.1047" type="journal article" year="2018">
Johns 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FD6A974AFD33A26A" box="[648,698,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
. (2018)
</bibRefCitation>
is here treated as 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FC02974AFBE7A26A" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[992,1134,834,860]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FC02974AFBE7A26A" box="[992,1134,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on female genitalia: three specimens of 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FE96976EFE0CA2B6" box="[372,389,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">P</emphasis>
. sp. 6 (CJ271, 273 &amp; 274) were collected from the type locality of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FB6B976EFA9EA2B6" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[1161,1303,870,896]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FB6B976EFA9EA2B6" box="[1161,1303,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and female genitalia of CJ271 is poor condition, but similar to that of 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF820763FCC19783FC33A292" box="[803,954,906,932]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FC029782FBFDA292" box="[992,1140,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FC029782FBF9A292" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[992,1136,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">P. sciallactis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Two specimens (CJ273 &amp; 274) were entirely sacrificed for molecular analysis (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF820763FD0197A7FC2DA2FE" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Toussaint, E. F. A. &amp; Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[739,932,942,969]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="20181047" refId="ref101297" refString="Johns, C. A., Toussaint, E. F. A., Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Origin and macroevolution of micro-moths on sunken Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285, 20181047. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2018.1047" type="journal article" year="2018">
Johns 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FCC897A6FCD2A2FE" box="[810,859,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
), and no voucher remains. Among specimens from the populations on Oahu, Molokai and Maui, there is phenotypic wing pattern variation and a detailed DNA barcoding study in the future may prove beneficial to futher determine the species boundaries of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FB3C97FEFAE4A526" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1928" box="[1246,1389,1014,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sciallactis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FB3C97FEFAE4A526" box="[1246,1389,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">P. sciallactis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF820763FF759012FEDAA502" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,339,1050,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipochaetaella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF820763FF759012FEDAA502" box="[151,339,1050,1076]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">P. lipochaetaella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>