338 lines
29 KiB
XML
338 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e67501" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5abd4e65-f6e6-4b2c-8be8-1a74848077d4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191979773" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-71-419" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8DB2044DF93255A1A6A96A98F8AF4598" ID-ZooBank="D4D591FDBAD644EE90376746849C9F37" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B93BCE1C-E9B4-4C65-BD76-923F372621D0" ModsDocID="2625-8498-71-419" checkinTime="1641857347045" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sangster, George, Kirwan, Guy M., Fuchs, Jerome, Dickinson, Edward C., Elliott, Andy & Gregory, Steven M. S." docDate="2021" docId="BD47BCF8B7165109ACEB111F936FFCB7" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 71: 419-424" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 71" docPubDate="2021-08-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e67501" docTitle="Microspizias Sangster & Kirwan & Fuchs & Dickinson & Elliott & Gregory 2021, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B93BCE1C-E9B4-4C65-BD76-923F372621D0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="8DB2044DF93255A1A6A96A98F8AF4598" lastPageNumber="419" masterDocId="8DB2044DF93255A1A6A96A98F8AF4598" masterDocTitle="A new genus for the tiny hawk Accipiter superciliosus and semicollared hawk A. collaris (Aves: Accipitridae), with comments on the generic name for the crested goshawk A. trivirgatus and Sulawesi goshawk A. griseiceps" masterLastPageNumber="424" masterPageNumber="419" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" updateTime="1641863050030" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new genus for the tiny hawk Accipiter superciliosus and semicollared hawk A. collaris (Aves: Accipitridae), with comments on the generic name for the crested goshawk A. trivirgatus and Sulawesi goshawk A. griseiceps</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sangster, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2475-7468</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 50007, SE- 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden & Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, PO Box 9517, NL- 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kirwan, Guy M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6876-9452</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Tring, Herts, HP 23 6 AP, UK & Setor de Ornitologia, Departamento de Vertebrados, Museu Nacional / UFRJ, Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20940 - 040, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">guymkirwan@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fuchs, Jerome</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institut de Systematique, Evolution, Biodiversite (ISYEB), Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, CP 51, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dickinson, Edward C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Flat 19, Marlborough Court, Southfields Road, Eastbourne, East Sussex, BN 21 1 BT, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Elliott, Andy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>c / o Lynx Edicions, Montseny 8, E- 08193 Bellaterra, Catalunya, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gregory, Steven M. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>35 Monarch Road, Northampton, Northamptonshire, NN 2 6 EH, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-08-02</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>71</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>419</mods:start>
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<mods:end>424</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e67501</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e67501</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2625-8498-71-419</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D4D591FDBAD644EE90376746849C9F37</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8DB2044DF93255A1A6A96A98F8AF4598</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191979773" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B93BCE1C-E9B4-4C65-BD76-923F372621D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD47BCF8B7165109ACEB111F936FFCB7" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="419" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/B93BCE1C-E9B4-4C65-BD76-923F372621D0" authority="Sangster & Kirwan & Fuchs & Dickinson & Elliott & Gregory, 2021" authorityName="Sangster & Kirwan & Fuchs & Dickinson & Elliott & Gregory" authorityYear="2021" family="Accipiteridae" genus="Microspizias" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microspizias" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Microspizias</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="419">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="419" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Falco" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Falco superciliosus" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Falco superciliosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus, 1766 (currently
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Accipiter" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Accipiter superciliosus" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Accipiter superciliosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="419" type="included species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Included species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicName family="Accipiteridae" genus="Microspizias" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microspizias superciliosus" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Microspizias superciliosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Linnaeus, 1766),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">new combination</emphasis>
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, and
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. collaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="collaris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">M. collaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(P. L. Sclater, 1860),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">new combination</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="419" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sangster & Kirwan & Fuchs & Dickinson & Elliott & Gregory" authorityYear="2021" family="Accipiteridae" genus="Microspizias" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microspizias" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Microspizias</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from all species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1760" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Accipiter" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Accipiter" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Accipiter</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by a combination of (i) small size (total length <30 cm), (ii) white vent barred grey (in adult
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. collaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="collaris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">M. collaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) or chocolate-brown (in adult
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. superciliosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">M. superciliosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and (iii) juveniles dimorphic, rufous morph with distinct rufous fringes to feathers of upperparts (
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<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson-Lees, J" journalOrPublisher="Christopher Helm, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" refId="B5" refString="Ferguson-Lees, J, Christie, DA, 2001. Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm, London" title="Raptors of the World." year="2001">Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001</bibRefCitation>
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). In addition,
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<bibRefCitation author="Olson, SL" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" pagination="69 - 70" refId="B26" refString="Olson, SL, 2006. Reflections on the systematics of Accipiter and the genus for Falco superciliosus Linnaeus. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 126: 69 - 70" title="Reflections on the systematics of Accipiter and the genus for Falco superciliosus Linnaeus." volume="126" year="2006">Olson (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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noted that in
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. superciliosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">M. superciliosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the procoracoid process has a very distinct foramen. This foramen is invariably absent in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1760" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Accipiter" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Accipiter" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Accipiter</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Olson, SL" journalOrPublisher="Rivista Italiana Ornitologia, Milano" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 4" refId="B25" refString="Olson, SL, 1987. Variation in the procoracoid foramen in the Accipitridae. Rivista Italiana Ornitologia, Milano 57: 1 - 4" title="Variation in the procoracoid foramen in the Accipitridae." volume="57" year="1987">Olson 1987</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation author="Olson, SL" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" pagination="69 - 70" refId="B26" refString="Olson, SL, 2006. Reflections on the systematics of Accipiter and the genus for Falco superciliosus Linnaeus. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 126: 69 - 70" title="Reflections on the systematics of Accipiter and the genus for Falco superciliosus Linnaeus." volume="126" year="2006">Olson (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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further pointed out that the configuration of the skull, sternum and pelvis of
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. superciliosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">M. superciliosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are very different from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1760" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Accipiter" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Accipiter" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Accipiter</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and that the hind-limb bones of
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. superciliosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">M. superciliosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are much more robust than the extremely gracile elements of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1760" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Accipiter" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Accipiter" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Accipiter</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sangster & Kirwan & Fuchs & Dickinson & Elliott & Gregory" authorityYear="2021" family="Accipiteridae" genus="Microspizias" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microspizias" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Microspizias</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1824" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Kaupifalco" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaupifalco monogrammicus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monogrammicus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Kaupifalco monogrammicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by (i) absence of black and white throat stripes (black central throat stripe bordered on each side by a white stripe in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1854" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Kaupifalco" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaupifalco" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Kaupifalco</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), (ii) absence of a solid grey breast-band (present in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1854" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Kaupifalco" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaupifalco" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Kaupifalco</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), (iii) presence of three grey tail bands (one white band in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1854" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Kaupifalco" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaupifalco" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Kaupifalco</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and (iv) yellow cere, tibia and toes (orange in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1854" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Kaupifalco" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaupifalco" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Kaupifalco</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson-Lees, J" journalOrPublisher="Christopher Helm, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" refId="B5" refString="Ferguson-Lees, J, Christie, DA, 2001. Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm, London" title="Raptors of the World." year="2001">Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sangster & Kirwan & Fuchs & Dickinson & Elliott & Gregory" authorityYear="2021" family="Accipiteridae" genus="Microspizias" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microspizias" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Microspizias</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="G. R. Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Melierax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melierax" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Melierax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in (i) much smaller size (total length <30 cm;>42 cm in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="G. R. Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Melierax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melierax" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Melierax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), (ii) much shorter legs (tarsus <50 mm;>81 mm in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="G. R. Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Melierax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melierax" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Melierax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and (iii) juveniles dimorphic, rufous morph with rufous feather fringes on upperparts (monomorphic, with brown upperparts in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="G. R. Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Melierax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melierax" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Melierax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson-Lees, J" journalOrPublisher="Christopher Helm, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" refId="B5" refString="Ferguson-Lees, J, Christie, DA, 2001. Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm, London" title="Raptors of the World." year="2001">Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sangster & Kirwan & Fuchs & Dickinson & Elliott & Gregory" authorityYear="2021" family="Accipiteridae" genus="Microspizias" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microspizias" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Microspizias</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Daudin" baseAuthorityYear="1800" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Micronisus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micronisus gabar" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gabar">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Micronisus gabar</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
in (i) shorter tail (males <117 mm;>150 mm in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. R. Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Micronisus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micronisus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Micronisus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), (ii) tail square-ended or notched (rounded in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. R. Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Micronisus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micronisus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Micronisus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), (iii) yellow cere, tibia and toes (orange in adult
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. R. Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Micronisus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micronisus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Micronisus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), (iv) dark grey rump (white in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. R. Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Micronisus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micronisus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Micronisus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and (v) juveniles dimorphic, rufous morph with rufous feather fringes on upperparts (monomorphic, with brown upperparts in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. R. Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Micronisus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micronisus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Micronisus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson-Lees, J" journalOrPublisher="Christopher Helm, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" refId="B5" refString="Ferguson-Lees, J, Christie, DA, 2001. Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm, London" title="Raptors of the World." year="2001">Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sangster & Kirwan & Fuchs & Dickinson & Elliott & Gregory" authorityYear="2021" family="Accipiteridae" genus="Microspizias" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microspizias" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Microspizias</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1824" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Harpagus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpagus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Harpagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in (i) presence of three grey tail bands (two or three white or grey bands in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1824" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Harpagus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpagus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Harpagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), (ii) adult male without dark mesial throat stripe (present in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1824" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Harpagus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpagus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Harpagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), (iii) greyish-barred underparts (plain grey or rufous, or rufous-barred in adult
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1824" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Harpagus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpagus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Harpagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and (iv) juveniles dimorphic, rufous morph with rufous feather fringes on upperparts (monomorphic, with brown to black-brown upperparts in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1824" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Harpagus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpagus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Harpagus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Friedmann, H" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States National Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" pagination="1 - 793" refId="B6" refString="Friedmann, H, 1950. The birds of North and Middle America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 50 (11): 1 - 793" title="The birds of North and Middle America." volume="50" year="1950">Friedmann 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson-Lees, J" journalOrPublisher="Christopher Helm, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" refId="B5" refString="Ferguson-Lees, J, Christie, DA, 2001. Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm, London" title="Raptors of the World." year="2001">Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sangster & Kirwan & Fuchs & Dickinson & Elliott & Gregory" authorityYear="2021" family="Accipiteridae" genus="Microspizias" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microspizias" order="Falconiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Microspizias</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hartlaub" baseAuthorityYear="1855" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Urotriorchis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urotriorchis macrourus" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrourus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Urotriorchis macrourus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in (i) much shorter tail (males <117 mm;>305 mm in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharpe" authorityYear="1874" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Urotriorchis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urotriorchis" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Urotriorchis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), (ii) tail squared or notched (strongly graduated in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharpe" authorityYear="1874" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Urotriorchis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urotriorchis" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Urotriorchis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), (iii) underparts with greyish bars (in
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. collaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="collaris">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">M. collaris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) or chocolate-brown bars (in
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. superciliosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">M. superciliosus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) (plain grey or rufous in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharpe" authorityYear="1874" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Urotriorchis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urotriorchis" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Urotriorchis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), (iv) dark grey rump (white in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharpe" authorityYear="1874" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Urotriorchis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urotriorchis" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Urotriorchis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and (v) juveniles dimorphic, rufous morph with rufous feather fringes on upperparts (monomorphic, with black-brown upperparts in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharpe" authorityYear="1874" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Urotriorchis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Urotriorchis" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Urotriorchis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson-Lees, J" journalOrPublisher="Christopher Helm, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" refId="B5" refString="Ferguson-Lees, J, Christie, DA, 2001. Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm, London" title="Raptors of the World." year="2001">Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="419" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="419">
|
|
The name is derived from the Greek words
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μικρος">μικρος</normalizedToken>
|
|
(small, tiny) and
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="σπιζιας">σπιζιας</normalizedToken>
|
|
(hawk). Its gender is masculine. The name refers to the small size of both species, especially that of
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. superciliosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="419" rank="species" species="superciliosus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="419">M. superciliosus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |