251 lines
35 KiB
XML
251 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="CED000E0C08C0D4CE701EA39B798991C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.280955" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7b4f10a5-0ba2-4f84-bef8-e251419f6a93" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="280955" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460479794580" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Raven, Robert J" docDate="2012" docId="03E7214F533D3F31FF5DFAA28BF3FEAA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03305p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3305" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Austrotengella Raven, 2012, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FFDE5937533C3F35FFCAFFF78A69FFB6" masterDocTitle="Revisions of Australian ground-hunting spiders. V. A new lycosoid genus from eastern Australia (Araneae: Tengellidae)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="28" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698307439874" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E39B0C232FB7A402756F8BE9D18846FA">
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<mods:title id="44B100D12E6C8915DB63741975DC518F">Revisions of Australian ground-hunting spiders. V. A new lycosoid genus from eastern Australia (Araneae: Tengellidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="20070F4A9F21C7B525BD024D4264E2BC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3D0E3AEDD82889E7DF0B1FCE53B47DC2">Raven, Robert J</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="364300C3020129F1318F9DF23B64A10D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="626406CCCDECB5D649F7D1FE663E56B6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="91681C0FB7D875C1584066B6575E4260">
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<mods:date id="1779DAA6D04F0A171A47496B2FEF4E52">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3463635D663BB1721DA70E32CE0298FE">3305</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="410E6B083EC4A4103C4A5852077E212F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.280955</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E7214F533D3F31FF5DFAA28BF3FEAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6173802" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159607914" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6173802" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E7214F533D3F31FF5DFAA28BF3FEAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E7214F533D3F31FF5DFAA28BF3FEAA" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="C354C3D2533D3F34FF5DFAA28BD4FAD9" box="[151,445,1365,1391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF19059533D3F34FF5DFAA28BD4FAD9" blockId="1.[151,445,1365,1391]" box="[151,445,1365,1391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">
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<heading id="D0B92735533D3F34FF5DFAA28BD4FAD9" bold="true" box="[151,445,1365,1391]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533D3F34FF5DFAA28BD4FAD9" bold="true" box="[151,445,1365,1391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533D3F34FF5DFAA28B20FAD9" box="[151,329,1365,1391]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533D3F34FF5DFAA28B20FAD9" bold="true" box="[151,329,1365,1391]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Austrotengella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533D3F34FE9AFAA28BD4FAD9" box="[336,445,1365,1391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C354C3D2533D3F34FF5DFA6C89B7F9A9" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF19059533D3F34FF5DFA6C89B7F9A9" blockId="1.[151,1436,1435,2037]" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533D3F34FF5DFA6C8B7AFA02" bold="true" box="[151,275,1435,1460]" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533D3F34FE64FA6B887AFA02" box="[430,531,1436,1460]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Bengalla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533D3F34FE64FA6B887AFA02" box="[430,531,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Bengalla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the form of the male tibial apophysis (e.g.,
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533D3F34FBD6FA6B8E09FA02" box="[1052,1120,1436,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1915,1938]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[164,1424,193,1890]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Austrotengella monteithi, sp. nov., male palp, QM S 36414, scanning electron micrograph: a, cymbium and bulb, ventral view; b, distal tibia and basal cymbium, retroventral view; c, tibia, cymbium and bulb, retroventral view; d, distal tibia and basal cymbium, retrodorsal view; e, tibia and cymbium, dorsal biew; f, lamellate apices of tibial apophysis, retrolateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280962/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Figs 8</figureCitation>
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b–e), the extensive epigynal scape (e.g.,
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533D3F34FED6FA488B36FA61" box="[284,351,1471,1495]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[221,1356,186,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[221,1369,163,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Austrotengella toddae, sp. nov., holotype male QM S 76432, palpal tibia, cymbium and bulb (a, b): ventral view (a), and retrolateral view (b). Allotype, female QMS 33206, epigyne (c, d): epigyne, external (c) and internal (d) views. Scale lines 0.5 mm for a, b, 0.25 mm for c, d." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280957/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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c), and from both
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533D3F34FDE2FA36881FFA6E" box="[552,630,1473,1496]" class="Arachnida" family="Zoropsidae" genus="Huntia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533D3F34FDE2FA36881FFA6E" box="[552,630,1473,1496]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Huntia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533D3F34FD66FA378978FA6E" box="[684,785,1472,1496]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Bengalla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533D3F34FD66FA378978FA6E" box="[684,785,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Bengalla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having more than 4 pairs of spines ventrally on tibiae I and II, the posterior row of eyes being recurved (
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533D3F34FD7DFA13889FFA4A" box="[695,758,1508,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1085,1108]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,287,1063]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,287,1064]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Austrotengella hackerae, sp. nov., carapace (a), eyes, dorsal view (b), spinnerets (c)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280956/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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b) and the very long paired and unpaired claws. Differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533D3F34FF5DF9FF8B5CF996" box="[151,309,1544,1568]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Amauropelma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533D3F34FF5DF9FF8B5CF996" box="[151,309,1544,1568]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Amauropelma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the absence of claw tufts and the presence of a third claw.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C354C3D2533D3F37FF03F9DC8B63F9AF" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF19059533D3F37FF03F9DC8973FF41" blockId="1.[151,1436,1435,2037]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533D3F34FF03F9DC8B34F9F2" bold="true" box="[201,349,1579,1604]" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Description:</emphasis>
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Eight eyes in two rows, both rows clearly recurved from above and in front; anterior row about two-thirds width of posterior row; from front, ALE set only about half AME diameter above AME line; PME with canoe-shaped tapetum; eye group occupying 0.6 of headwidth (
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533D3F34FCBDF98389D3F93A" box="[887,954,1652,1676]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1085,1108]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,287,1063]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,287,1064]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Austrotengella hackerae, sp. nov., carapace (a), eyes, dorsal view (b), spinnerets (c)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280956/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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a). Three claws; claw tufts absent; paired claws similar, very long with few teeth basally; third claw long, bare. Retrocoxal hymen present on leg I only, pretarsal fracture absent. Tibiae I, II of females with 5 pairs of strong ventral spines with small distal pair; 3 pairs of strong spines ventrally on metatarsi I, II; similar number in males but weaker. General spine conformation: femora I only with 2 very strong subdistally on proventral face; femora I–IV also with spines prolaterally, dorsally and retrolaterally; patellae I, II aspinose; patellae III, IV and palp with one spine; tibiae III, IV typically p2d2r
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<date id="FFF0B699533D3F34FA8BF8DF8F34F8F6" box="[1345,1373,1832,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">2v</date>
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2.2.2, ventral spines weak; metatarsi II also with spines prolaterally, dorsally and retrolaterally; metatarsi III, IV typically p2r
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<date id="FFF0B699533D3F34FF77F8878ABEF83E" box="[189,215,1904,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">3v</date>
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2.2.2–3, ventral spines weak; female palp typically, fe p1d2; pa p1; ti p2d1; ta p2.1d1r1 with 2 small spines ventrally just behind claw. Scopulae entirely absent on legs. Preening combs absent. Two rows of trichobothria on tibia, metatarsi and tarsi; trichobothrial bases collariform (
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533D3F34FCEFF84F8901F866" box="[805,872,1976,2000]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1021,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,1021,1881]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Austrotengella hackerae, sp. nov., male palp, QM S 30466, scanning electron micrographs, a – d: a, cymbium and bulb, ventral view; b, apex of embolus overlying flaired hyaline conductor, ventral view; c, retrobasal cymbium and tibial apophysis, ventral view. d. tarsal organ, trichobothrial base and cuticle. e. patella, tibia and cymbium, retrolateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280959/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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d); trochanters all with similarly shallow notches.
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<collectingCountry id="F359D0C9533D3F34FF5DF82B8AB8F842" box="[151,209,2012,2036]" name="Malta" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Male</collectingCountry>
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tibiae without basal fracture. Tarsal organ low, keyhole-shaped (
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533D3F34FC67F82B8998F842" box="[941,1009,2012,2036]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1021,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,1021,1881]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Austrotengella hackerae, sp. nov., male palp, QM S 30466, scanning electron micrographs, a – d: a, cymbium and bulb, ventral view; b, apex of embolus overlying flaired hyaline conductor, ventral view; c, retrobasal cymbium and tibial apophysis, ventral view. d. tarsal organ, trichobothrial base and cuticle. e. patella, tibia and cymbium, retrolateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280959/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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d). Six spinnerets with short ALS and PLS and short apical segment (
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533E3F37FE3BFF608858FF19" box="[497,561,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1085,1108]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,287,1063]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,287,1064]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Austrotengella hackerae, sp. nov., carapace (a), eyes, dorsal view (b), spinnerets (c)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280956/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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c); females with 5–6 large conical spigots dorsolaterally on PMS, largest spigots evident dorsally in two rows (
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FDD4FF4B88F9FF62" box="[542,656,188,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wrighti">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FDD4FF4B88F9FF62" box="[542,656,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">A. wrighti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); PMS as long as PLS but more slender, conical, cribellum absent; colulus indistinct, small, circular, sclerotised hirsute area.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF31C0D1533E3F37FF5DFBCA8E01FBE2" box="[151,1128,1085,1108]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280956/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[151,1436,287,1063]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="8BF19059533E3F37FF5DFBCA8E01FBE2" blockId="2.[151,1128,1085,1108]" box="[151,1128,1085,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FF5DFBCA8B7AFBE4" bold="true" box="[151,275,1085,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FED3FBCA8879FBE5" box="[281,528,1085,1107]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hackerae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FED3FBCA8879FBE5" box="[281,528,1085,1107]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella hackerae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533E3F37FDD7FBC98804FBE5" box="[541,621,1086,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, carapace (a), eyes, dorsal view(b), spinnerets (c).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BF19059533E3F37FF03FB6E8E19FA67" blockId="2.[151,1437,1177,2030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
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<collectingCountry id="F359D0C9533E3F37FF03FB6E8B6AFB07" box="[201,259,1177,1201]" name="Malta" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Male</collectingCountry>
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palp with median apophysis (
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533E3F37FD96FB6E88CBFB07" box="[604,674,1177,1201]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[221,1356,186,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[221,1369,163,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Austrotengella toddae, sp. nov., holotype male QM S 76432, palpal tibia, cymbium and bulb (a, b): ventral view (a), and retrolateral view (b). Allotype, female QMS 33206, epigyne (c, d): epigyne, external (c) and internal (d) views. Scale lines 0.5 mm for a, b, 0.25 mm for c, d." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280957/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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a), broad embolus and conductor; U-shaped subtegulum; extensive tegulum; interlocking tegular-subtegular lobes present. Median apophysis shaped like blunt-ended canoe, open face upward, with distal edge twisted, folded back on itself, translucent. Conductor large, flared, hyaline. Embolus a broad process with ventral groove (
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533E3F37FDEAFAF2880AFAAB" box="[544,611,1285,1309]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[221,1356,186,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[221,1369,163,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Austrotengella toddae, sp. nov., holotype male QM S 76432, palpal tibia, cymbium and bulb (a, b): ventral view (a), and retrolateral view (b). Allotype, female QMS 33206, epigyne (c, d): epigyne, external (c) and internal (d) views. Scale lines 0.5 mm for a, b, 0.25 mm for c, d." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280957/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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a, 5a), which may be basally closed to open for its full length and thus evident as more pallid zone. RTA set on retrolateral to retrodorsal edges with two shallow apices, surfaces of apices lamellate (
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<figureCitation id="13758CDC533E3F37FEC5FABA8B3AFAD3" box="[271,339,1357,1381]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1915,1938]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[164,1424,193,1890]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Austrotengella monteithi, sp. nov., male palp, QM S 36414, scanning electron micrograph: a, cymbium and bulb, ventral view; b, distal tibia and basal cymbium, retroventral view; c, tibia, cymbium and bulb, retroventral view; d, distal tibia and basal cymbium, retrodorsal view; e, tibia and cymbium, dorsal biew; f, lamellate apices of tibial apophysis, retrolateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280962/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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f); cymbium shallow, canoe-shaped with conical tip with or without dorsal process, interlocking lobes present between cymbium and distal tibia both ventrally and prolaterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13758CDC533E3F37FBE0FA868E13FA3F" box="[1066,1146,1393,1417]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1915,1938]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,193,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[164,1424,193,1890]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Austrotengella monteithi, sp. nov., male palp, QM S 36414, scanning electron micrograph: a, cymbium and bulb, ventral view; b, distal tibia and basal cymbium, retroventral view; c, tibia, cymbium and bulb, retroventral view; d, distal tibia and basal cymbium, retrodorsal view; e, tibia and cymbium, dorsal biew; f, lamellate apices of tibial apophysis, retrolateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280962/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
b, d). Scopulae absent or, rarely, weak on cymbium. Epigyne with lateral teeth, broad median plate with (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13758CDC533E3F37FBC0FA628E24FA1B" box="[1034,1101,1429,1453]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[221,1356,186,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[221,1369,163,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Austrotengella toddae, sp. nov., holotype male QM S 76432, palpal tibia, cymbium and bulb (a, b): ventral view (a), and retrolateral view (b). Allotype, female QMS 33206, epigyne (c, d): epigyne, external (c) and internal (d) views. Scale lines 0.5 mm for a, b, 0.25 mm for c, d." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280957/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
c) or without (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13758CDC533E3F37FB21FA628F52FA1B" box="[1259,1339,1429,1453]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[200,1385,190,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[200,1387,169,1936]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. Austrotengella wrighti, sp. nov., male, palpal tibia, cymbium and bulb: ventral view (a) and retrolateral view (b). Scale line = 0.5 mm. Allotype, female QMS 28842: c, d. epigyne, external (c) and internal (d) views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280967/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
c) posterior invagination; transverse recurved ridge on septum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13758CDC533E3F37FCCCFA4E8923FA67" box="[774,842,1465,1489]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[221,1356,186,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[221,1369,163,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Austrotengella toddae, sp. nov., holotype male QM S 76432, palpal tibia, cymbium and bulb (a, b): ventral view (a), and retrolateral view (b). Allotype, female QMS 33206, epigyne (c, d): epigyne, external (c) and internal (d) views. Scale lines 0.5 mm for a, b, 0.25 mm for c, d." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280957/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
c); internally quite simple.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF19059533E3F37FF03FA2A8B63F9AF" blockId="2.[151,1437,1177,2030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Females remain with eggsac, which is silked to the underside of logs or rocks, sometimes it is soil- and barkencrusted.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C354C3D2533E3F37FF03F9D18F52F933" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF19059533E3F37FF03F9D188ADF98B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1177,2030]" box="[201,708,1573,1598]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FF03F9D18B08F988" bold="true" box="[201,353,1573,1598]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F52EFB533E3F37FF03F9D18B6DF988" box="[201,260,1574,1598]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Species
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FEA5F9D2880FF98B" box="[367,614,1573,1597]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toddae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FEA5F9D2880FF98B" box="[367,614,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella toddae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533E3F37FDA7F9D188ADF98B" box="[621,708,1574,1597]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF19059533E3F37FF03F9BE8F52F933" blockId="2.[151,1437,1177,2030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FF03F9BE8BFBF9D4" bold="true" box="[201,402,1609,1634]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Species Included</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FE6BF9BD88F0F9D4" box="[417,665,1610,1634]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toddae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FE6BF9BD88F0F9D4" box="[417,665,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella toddae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533E3F37FD6BF9BD8892F9D7" box="[673,763,1610,1633]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FCCDF9BD8E73F9D4" box="[775,1050,1610,1634]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hackerae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FCCDF9BD8E73F9D4" box="[775,1050,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella hackerae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533E3F37FBE8F9BD8E12F9D7" box="[1058,1147,1610,1633]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FB4DF9BD8FF5F9D4" box="[1159,1436,1610,1634]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hebronae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FB4DF9BD8FF5F9D4" box="[1159,1436,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella hebronae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533E3F37FF5DF9998A99F933" box="[151,240,1646,1669]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FF31F99A8879F933" box="[251,528,1645,1669]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monteithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FF31F99A8879F933" box="[251,528,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella monteithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533E3F37FDDCF9998806F933" box="[534,623,1646,1669]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FDB1F99A891FF933" box="[635,886,1645,1669]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plimeri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FDB1F99A891FF933" box="[635,886,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella plimeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533E3F37FCB7F99989BFF933" box="[893,982,1646,1669]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FC2BF99A8EB4F933" box="[993,1245,1645,1669]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wrighti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FC2BF99A8EB4F933" box="[993,1245,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella wrighti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533E3F37FB2EF9998F52F933" box="[1252,1339,1646,1669]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C354C3D2533E3F37FF03F9668E38F858" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF19059533E3F37FF03F9668F78F97B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1177,2030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FF03F9668B9BF91C" bold="true" box="[201,498,1681,1706]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Distribution and Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13758CDC533E3F37FDCBF966882CF91F" box="[513,581,1681,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1480,1503]" captionText="FIGURE 3. Eastern Australia showing records of Austrotengella." pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Known only from rainforests in southeastern Queensland and northeastern New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359D0C9533E3F37FED1F9428B36F97B" box="[283,351,1717,1741]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
where it is common in the litter. Most species occur at elevations below 760 metres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF19059533E3F37FF03F92E882EF8EB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1177,2030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<bibRef id="52EE04AF533E3F37FF03F92E882EF8EB" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="journal article">
|
||
<author id="53F378BC533E3F37FF03F92E8BE9F944" box="[201,384,1753,1778]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Significantly,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FEADF92D8BE9F944" box="[359,384,1754,1778]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">A.</emphasis>
|
||
</author>
|
||
toddae occurs only at Lamington National Park. Prior to 2006, when the only sites sampled were at elevations above 800 metres, spiders were found. However, in the IBISCA survey (
|
||
<year id="FFE6D10A533E3F37FB65F90A8E80F8A3" box="[1199,1257,1789,1813]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">2006</year>
|
||
/
|
||
<part id="FFEA3AC4533E3F37FB3BF90A8F43F8A3" box="[1265,1322,1789,1813]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="volume">2007</part>
|
||
) at elevations from
|
||
<pagination id="B2876EAD533E3F37FEDDF8D68BEFF88F" box="[279,390,1825,1849]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="pagination">300–1100</pagination>
|
||
<title id="F94A7B6F533E3F37FE5AF8D58AB3F8EB" jopScore="0.4409792" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="_" typeScore="2">
|
||
metres, adult spiders were only found at
|
||
<quantity id="4CB63DBC533E3F37FCA1F8D689C2F88F" box="[875,939,1825,1849]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="500.0">500m</quantity>
|
||
and 700 metres with one juvenile taken at
|
||
<quantity id="4CB63DBC533E3F37FF5DF8B28AB3F8EB" box="[151,218,1861,1885]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="900.0">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D485BD0533E3F37FF5DF8B28AB3F8EB" box="[151,218,1861,1885]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" type="generic">900m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</title>
|
||
.
|
||
<journalOrPublisher id="518F9A95533E3F37FF2EF8B2882BF8EB" box="[228,578,1861,1885]" jopScore="0.4942579" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">This is discussed further below</journalOrPublisher>
|
||
.
|
||
</bibRef>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF19059533E3F37FF03F89E8E38F858" blockId="2.[151,1437,1177,2030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FF03F89E8B1BF834" bold="true" box="[201,370,1897,1922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FEB7F89D8848F834" box="[381,545,1898,1922]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FEB7F89D8848F834" box="[381,545,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is excluded from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FD35F89E891DF837" box="[767,884,1897,1921]" class="Arachnida" family="Pisauridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pisauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other higher lycosoids (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFEDA8533E3F37FADDF89E8FFEF837" author="Silva" box="[1303,1431,1897,1921]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Silva, D. (2003) Higher-level relationships of the spider family Ctenidae (Araneae: Ctenoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 274, 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="2003">Silva 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFEDA8533E3F37FF5DF8798BDCF813" author="Raven" box="[151,437,1933,1957]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Raven, R. J. & Stumkat, K. S. (2005) Revisions of Australian ground-hunting spiders: II. Zoropsidae (Lycosoidea: Araneae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 50, 347 - 423." type="journal article" year="2005">Raven and Stumkat 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) by the canoe-shaped tapetum. Equally, females remain with the eggsac, which is silked to the underside of logs and rocks, and were soil- and bark-encrusted.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFEDA8533E3F37FC63F8458F61F87F" author="Forster" box="[937,1288,1969,1993]" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" refString="Forster, R. R. & Forster, L. (1999) Spiders of New Zealand and their Worldwide Kin. University of Otago Press, Dunedin, vii + 270 pp." type="book" year="1999">Forster and Forster (1999: 115)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported this also for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FF39F8228B15F85B" box="[243,380,2005,2029]" class="Arachnida" family="Cycloctenidae" genus="Cycloctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FF39F8228B15F85B" box="[243,380,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Cycloctenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. From the front, the ALE of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533E3F37FD0AF822890DF85B" box="[704,868,2005,2029]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533E3F37FD0AF822890DF85B" box="[704,868,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="30">Austrotengella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are beside the AME.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF31C0D1533F3F36FF5DF86C8876F859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280957/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[221,1356,186,1920]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF19059533F3F36FF5DF86C8876F859" blockId="3.[151,1436,1947,2031]" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533F3F36FF5DF86C8B7DF806" bold="true" box="[151,276,1947,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EEBDA533F3F36FED6F86C8B94F807" box="[284,509,1947,1969]" class="Arachnida" family="Tengellidae" genus="Austrotengella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toddae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B533F3F36FED6F86C8B94F807" box="[284,509,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="31">Austrotengella toddae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A209F130533F3F36FDC1F86B8834F807" box="[523,605,1948,1969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype male QM S76432, palpal tibia, cymbium and bulb (a, b): ventral view (a), and retrolateral view (b). Allotype, female QMS33206, epigyne (c, d): epigyne, external (c) and internal (d) views. Scale lines 0.5mm for a, b, 0.25 mm for c, d.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C354C3D253383F31FF03FF6F8BF3FEAA" pageId="4" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1905953383F31FF03FF6F8BF3FEAA" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A4C4B53383F31FF03FF6F8B5FFF06" bold="true" box="[201,310,152,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="32">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: Interspecific differences in somatic characters in this genus are diffuse; hence, species are diagnosed exclusively on the genitalia. Closely related species may be more readily diagnosed by the female epigyne than the male palp. Differences between closely related species are small and difficult to unambiguously describe but they are consistent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |