795 lines
99 KiB
XML
795 lines
99 KiB
XML
<document id="7493B2540F52F9E4F29468B18AB1E04D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5497951" ID-ZooBank="0C2AFB68-79AE-4A9E-B09F-341828F93792" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1631200378483" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zabulev, Ilya A." docDate="2021" docId="03C6E508FFB5DC64A3E7C8CA2C86FF3B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5032.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5032 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anthonomus (Anthonomidius) rubripes Gyllenhal 1835" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="462" masterDocId="FFFF9D70FFB3DC68A370CD53282AFFC2" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the knowledge of the immature stages of Palaearctic species of the genus Anthonomus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="488" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="457" updateTime="1699406233850" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="C6E70E4E9BD2DBA22E8F4901E50AB6B4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="5E8E0F59C86431FE5BB1E31660A55945">
|
||
<mods:title id="D16916A1BB3C1E69B69EEA60631F901C">Contribution to the knowledge of the immature stages of Palaearctic species of the genus Anthonomus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="94D711C7DB515215A27165E25CBB77DC" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="629683E11D565E5C9714F85FF3D7628D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="57AF9C16324D57C191F779FDB87AD5FE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="EAB81AE12BC2031E78955C25E3336FE6">Zabulev, Ilya A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7CE2105FDA014FF6A664ED8316B1774C" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1558-5502</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="77A2AF3AA0E39613B2119976D7CD8A0B">A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninskiy Prospect, Moscow, 119071 Russia.; fatsiccor 66 @ mail. ru</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="9EEB8916BFF1E7CB502DAB5C73FA247A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="7E458A8C1307CDB91BACF3765A3FB878" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="9D3DF61920AEEBA7F6D6E8687F44A870">
|
||
<mods:title id="75EE6E96E3D961F9A98C857E410CC21B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="FEB0DB101EC539EB5C0C3340635EC40D">
|
||
<mods:date id="F61F8F242D15CE5F8F847D062A0D1055">2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="070EAC293B7AEE0E402833884A85EDB1" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="481420D28380675CEEA6E1A66A63A038">2021-09-09</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="90CA061DAA40C92B691325DA24F83169" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="9CE8599FA92567634DC198221DEFF6F6">5032</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="FBD63E95B7F61D056C91613E7B90C6DB" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="5961005287D5D90F5DB58D963F464E7D">4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="C2A309D7BEEDBE7EDEEC7339575E31E4" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="285BE7BF0CEE8330CAB537AAF1356F56">451</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="863A32D060ABC482C7049F79874502E5">488</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="C4DDF2D0BF603BD31B6AD6E562BDECA9">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A287A26FFE7A186678C9D001CCA38BC8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5032.4.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="ACCC7E6F28FB4738DEFB280BF69DB77D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9BBC3353A9B31CBF370E42FFB7F41EBA" type="Zenodo-Dep">5497951</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2D484E3C6C01A7C2AAF5719497593E2A" type="ZooBank">0C2AFB68-79AE-4A9E-B09F-341828F93792</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03C6E508FFB5DC64A3E7C8CA2C86FF3B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C6E508FFB5DC64A3E7C8CA2C86FF3B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C6E508FFB5DC64A3E7C8CA2C86FF3B" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3750795FFB5DC6EA3E7C8CA2B08FA71" box="[151,802,1433,1460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB5DC6EA3E7C8CA2B08FA71" blockId="6.[151,802,1433,1496]" box="[151,802,1433,1460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<heading id="D098E372FFB5DC6EA3E7C8CA2B08FA71" bold="true" box="[151,802,1433,1460]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB5DC6EA3E7C8CA2B08FA71" ID-CoL="5VF69" authority="Gyllenhal, 1835" authorityName="Gyllenhal" authorityYear="1835" box="[151,802,1433,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes" subGenus="Anthonomidius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA3E7C8CA2B08FA71" bold="true" box="[151,802,1433,1460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA3E7C8CA2906FA76" bold="true" box="[151,300,1433,1460]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Anthonomus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA24DC8CA29DAFA76" bold="true" box="[317,496,1433,1460]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Anthonomidius</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA170C8CA2A4AFA76" bold="true" box="[512,608,1433,1460]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">rubripes</emphasis>
|
||
Gyllenhal, 1835
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3750795FFB5DC6EA3E7C8ED29AFFA1A" box="[151,389,1470,1496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB5DC6EA3E7C8ED29AFFA1A" blockId="6.[151,802,1433,1496]" box="[151,389,1470,1496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB5DC6EA3E7C8ED2934FA1A" box="[151,286,1470,1496]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 18–22" captionStart-1="FIGURES 23–28" captionStart-2="FIGURES 29–31" captionStart-3="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId-0="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" captionStartId-2="10.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionStartId-3="11.[151,264,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox-0="[157,1429,181,1855]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1412,195,1665]" captionTargetBox-2="[179,1407,195,1861]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@8.[157,1429,181,1874]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1685]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@10.[166,1421,181,1874]" captionTargetId-3="figure-203@11.[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 18–22. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns— pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." captionText-1="FIGURES 23–28. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes— postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." captionText-2="FIGURES 29–31. Anthonomus rubripes, pupa habitus and chaetotaxy. 12—ventral view, 13—dorsal view, 14—lateral view (Th1–3—number of thoracic segments,Ab1–9—number of abdominal segments, msa—metathoracic sclerotized area, pd—prothoracic depression; sp—spiracle; setae: as—apical, d—dorsal, ds—discal, lt—laterotergal, os—orbital, pls—posterolateral, sls—superlateral, sos—superorbital, v—ventral, vs—vertical)." captionText-3="FIGURES 32–36. Anthonomus rubripes, biotope and biology. 32—biotope (Saratov region, Sinenkiye), 33—P. argentea leaf damaged by adults, 34—oviposition, 35—egg, 36—the last instar larva inside of P. argentea inflorescence." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497979" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497981" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5497979/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5497981/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Figs. 18–36</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB5DC6EA259C8ED29ABFA1A" box="[297,385,1470,1496]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–106" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1694,1718]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-101@32.[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 98–106. Antennae and maxillary palpi of Anthonomus (SEM images). 98—A. pinivorax, 99—antenna of A. rubripes, 100—maxillary palp of A. rubripes, 101—A. incurvus, 102—A. conspersus, 103—A. latior, 104—A. pedicularius, 105—A. pomorum, 106—A. rubi (se—sensorium, sa—sensilla ampullacea, sd—sensilla digitiform, ss—sensilla styloconium, sb—sensilla basiconicum). Scale bars 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5498011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5498011/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">99–100</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3750795FFB5DC6EA3E7CB562B32F94E" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB5DC6EA3E7CB562B32F94E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1541,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA3E7CB5629ABF9DD" bold="true" box="[151,385,1541,1567]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D699F97FFB5DC6EA2F7CB5529C4F9E2" box="[391,494,1542,1568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="larva">18 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(23.05–
|
||
<date id="FFD172DEFFB5DC6EA13BCB562A97F9E2" box="[587,701,1541,1568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="2021-06-04">4.06.2021</date>
|
||
) and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D699F97FFB5DC6EA18BCB552B79F9E2" box="[763,851,1542,1568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<date id="FFD172DEFFB5DC6EA012CB552BF2F9E3" box="[866,984,1542,1569]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="2021-06-04">4.06.2021</date>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F378148EFFB5DC6EA09BCB552C12F9E2" box="[1003,1080,1542,1568]" name="Russia" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AB9AFCFFB5DC6EA733CB552CC0F9E2" box="[1091,1258,1542,1568]" country="Russia" name="Saratov" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Saratov region</collectingRegion>
|
||
, near Sinenkiye vill. (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5B32D9FFB5DC6EA3A3CB7A2941F986" box="[211,363,1577,1604]" degrees="51.244222" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="1" value="51.24422">51.244222°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5B32D9FFB5DC6EA203CB7A2A21F986" box="[371,523,1577,1604]" degrees="45.745267" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="1" value="45.745266">45.745267°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), ex buds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB5DC6EA1EDCB792B5DF981" baseAuthorityName="Dieckmann" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[669,887,1578,1604]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argentea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA1EDCB792B5DF981" box="[669,887,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Potentilla argentea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB5DC6EA0BFCB792C15F986" box="[975,1087,1578,1604]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifurca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA0BFCB792BCAF981" box="[975,992,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA09FCB792C15F986" box="[1007,1087,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">bifurca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L., leg. and det. I.A. Zabaluev (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7ECCDBFFB5DC6EA3EFCB1D28CBF9AA" box="[159,225,1614,1640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">IZCS</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D699F97FFB5DC6EA383CB1D2960F9AA" box="[243,330,1614,1640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="larva">7 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D699F97FFB5DC6EA20DCB1D29FEF9AA" box="[381,468,1613,1640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="pupa">6 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
—
|
||
<date id="FFD172DEFFB5DC6EA281CB1E2A5AF9AA" box="[497,624,1613,1640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" value="2021-05-28">28.05.2021</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F378148EFFB5DC6EA109CB1D2AECF9AA" box="[633,710,1614,1640]" name="Russia" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AB9AFCFFB5DC6EA1BFCB1D2B5EF9AA" box="[719,884,1614,1640]" country="Russia" name="Saratov" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Saratov region</collectingRegion>
|
||
, near Popovka vill. (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5B32D9FFB5DC6EA722CB1E2CC1F9AA" box="[1106,1259,1613,1640]" degrees="51.426389" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="1" value="51.426388">51.426389°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
45.577401°’E), ex buds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB5DC6EA263CB2129A8F94E" box="[275,386,1650,1676]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifurca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA263CB21290EF949" box="[275,292,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA242CB2129A8F94E" box="[306,386,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">bifurca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, leg. and det. I.A. Zabaluev (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7ECCDBFFB5DC6EA1BACB212B26F94E" box="[714,780,1650,1676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">IZCS</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3750795FFB5DC64A3B7CBC62C86FF3B" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB5DC6EA3B7CBC62A86F972" blockId="6.[151,1437,1541,2042]" box="[199,684,1685,1712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA3B7CBC62A30F972" bold="true" box="[199,538,1685,1712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB5DC6EA151CBC52A82F972" box="[545,680,1686,1712]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 18–22" captionStart-1="FIGURES 23–28" captionStartId-0="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox-0="[157,1429,181,1855]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1412,195,1665]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@8.[157,1429,181,1874]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1685]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURES 18–22. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns— pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." captionText-1="FIGURES 23–28. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes— postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Figs. 18–28</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB5DC6EA3B7CBE929B7F93A" blockId="6.[151,1437,1541,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA3B7CBE92943F911" box="[199,361,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(in mm). Body length: 1.89–2.73 (mean 2.31). Body width: 0.93–1.24 (mean 1.11). Head width: 0.47–0.56 (mean 0.52).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB5DC6FA3B7CA512AC1FE4B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1541,2042]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,2019]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA3B7CA51292BF8DE" box="[199,257,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Body</emphasis>
|
||
from white to yellowish, moderately C-shaped curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB5DC6EA01BCA512B94F8DE" box="[875,958,1794,1820]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–22" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[157,1429,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 18–22. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns— pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum with a poorly visible yellowish compacted shield. Spiracles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB5DC6EA2ADCA752A04F882" box="[477,558,1830,1856]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–22" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[157,1429,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 18–22. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns— pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
) bicameral, air tubes with six to eight annuli, one pair located on the prothorax and eight pairs located laterally on the abdominal segments I–VIII (Ab1–8). The setae of thoracic and abdominal segments are very fine, hairlike, from very long to short, yellowish. Prothorax (Th1) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB5DC6EA72FCA3D2C9BF84A" box="[1119,1201,1902,1928]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–22" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[157,1429,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 18–22. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns— pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
) with eleven
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA63BCA3D2D57F845" box="[1355,1405,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">prns</emphasis>
|
||
of unequal length (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA23DCAC12955F869" box="[333,383,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">prns</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB5DC6EA20FCAF729ADF870" attach="left" box="[383,391,1956,1970]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA2CDCAC129C5F869" box="[445,495,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">prns</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB5DC6EA29FCAF729DDF870" attach="left" box="[495,503,1956,1970]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">6</subScript>
|
||
—short, other—from long to very long), two very long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA716CAC12C55F869" box="[1126,1151,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">ps</emphasis>
|
||
equal length and two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA607CAC12DB6F869" box="[1399,1436,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">eus</emphasis>
|
||
(minute and long). There are two distinct sensilla: one located near the base of
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA76CCAE52C64F80D" box="[1052,1102,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">prns</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB5DC6EA73ECA9B2C7CF814" attach="left" box="[1102,1110,1992,2006]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">1</subScript>
|
||
, the other—medially. Meso- (Th2) and metathorax (Th3) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB5DC6EA2ADCA892A07F836" box="[477,557,2010,2036]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–22" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[157,1429,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 18–22. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns— pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
) with three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA1C1CA892AFFF831" box="[689,725,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">prs</emphasis>
|
||
(one medium and two minute), four
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA71ACA892CBBF836" box="[1130,1169,2010,2036]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">pds</emphasis>
|
||
different in length (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB5DC6EA61DCA892DBEF836" box="[1389,1428,2010,2036]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB5DC6EA6E4CABF2DB6F838" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,2028,2042]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B6CDC428C7FF73" box="[198,237,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA39DCDFA292FFF75" attach="both" box="[237,261,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3—</subScript>
|
||
very long;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA20DCDC4298EFF73" box="[381,420,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA2D3CDFA2981FF75" attach="left" box="[419,427,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA290CDC42A2DFF73" box="[480,519,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA177CDFA2A25FF75" attach="left" box="[519,527,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">4</subScript>
|
||
—short), one very long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA068CDC42B1BFF72" box="[792,817,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">as</emphasis>
|
||
, three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA00CCDC42BB8FF72" box="[892,914,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ss</emphasis>
|
||
(one long, one short and one minute), one very long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3A0CDE828DFFF16" box="[208,245,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">eps</emphasis>
|
||
, one long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA21BCDE829AEFF16" box="[363,388,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ps</emphasis>
|
||
and two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA29CCDE82A3BFF16" box="[492,529,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">eus</emphasis>
|
||
(long and minute). Pedal lobe with five
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA0A6CDE82C2AFF17" box="[982,1024,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pda</emphasis>
|
||
different in length:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA790CDE82D20FF17" box="[1248,1290,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pda</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA67ACD9E2D38FF19" attach="left" box="[1290,1298,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA662CDE82D31FF17" bold="true" box="[1298,1307,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">-</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA66BCD9E2D09FF19" attach="left" box="[1307,1315,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">4</subScript>
|
||
long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA61ACDE82DBEFF17" box="[1386,1428,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pda</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA6E4CD9E2DB6FF19" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">5</subScript>
|
||
minute and located close to the anterior edge of the segment. Abdominal segments I–VIII (Ab1–8) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA677CD8C2D70FF3B" box="[1287,1370,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–22" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[157,1429,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 18–22. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns— pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B9CC5028C7FEDE" box="[201,237,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">prs</emphasis>
|
||
(short and minute), five
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA175CC502A06FEDF" box="[517,556,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pds</emphasis>
|
||
different in length (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA07FCC502B1CFEDF" box="[783,822,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA046CC462B14FEE1" attach="left" box="[822,830,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA03CCC502B59FEDF" box="[844,883,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA003CC462B51FEE1" attach="left" box="[883,891,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA0CACC502BCBFEDF" box="[954,993,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA091CC462BC3FEE1" attach="left" box="[993,1001,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">5</subScript>
|
||
—long;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA736CC502C47FEDF" box="[1094,1133,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA71DCC462C5FFEE1" attach="left" box="[1133,1141,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA7DCCC502CF9FEDF" box="[1196,1235,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA7A3CC462CF1FEE1" attach="left" box="[1235,1243,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">4</subScript>
|
||
—short), three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA6F6CC502DB6FEDE" box="[1414,1436,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ss</emphasis>
|
||
(one long, one very short and one minute and hardly noticeable), two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA0C0CC742BFFFE82" box="[944,981,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">eps</emphasis>
|
||
(short and long), one very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA63CCC742D4FFE82" box="[1356,1381,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ps</emphasis>
|
||
, one very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA27ECC182919FEA7" box="[270,307,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
and three minute
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA28CCC182A0BFEA6" box="[508,545,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (Ab9) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA0FCCC182BF7FEA7" box="[908,989,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–22" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[157,1429,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 18–22. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns— pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
) with six setae dorsally (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA784CC182D27FEA7" box="[1268,1293,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ds</emphasis>
|
||
), two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA624CC182D47FEA6" box="[1364,1389,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ps</emphasis>
|
||
and two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B8CC3C28CCFE4A" box="[200,230,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sts</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment X (Ab10) without setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB4DC6FA3B7CCC02D71FCD7" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B7CCC0294AFE6F" box="[199,352,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Head capsule</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA21DCCC029E3FE6F" box="[365,457,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–22" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[157,1429,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 18–22. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar, ds—dorsal, eps—epipleural, eus—eusternal, lsts—laterosternal, pda—pedal, pds—postdorsal, prns— pronotal, prs—prodorsal, ps—pleural, ss—spiracular, sts—sternal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA2A4CCC029DEFE6F" box="[468,500,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[166,1412,195,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1685]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23–28. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes— postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Endocarinal line present, reaching behind middle of the frons and about 2/3 as long as frons. Frontal sutures distinct, extending to antennae. One stemma (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA0D1CCE42B9EFE12" box="[929,948,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">st</emphasis>
|
||
) present close to antenna. Dorsal setae (five
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3E7CC882896FE37" box="[151,188,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3A6CC8828D1FE37" box="[214,251,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA38BCCBE2929FE39" attach="left" box="[251,259,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA24CCC88294BFE37" box="[316,353,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA211CCBE2943FE39" attach="left" box="[353,361,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA2C2CC8829FDFE37" box="[434,471,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA2A7CCBE29F5FE39" attach="left" box="[471,479,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA168CC882A17FE37" box="[536,573,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA14DCCBE2A6FFE39" attach="left" box="[573,581,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">5</subScript>
|
||
very long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1B8CC882AC7FE37" box="[712,749,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA19DCCBE2ADFFE39" attach="left" box="[749,757,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">4</subScript>
|
||
short and fine;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA0D9CC882BE4FE37" box="[937,974,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA0BECCBE2BFCFE39" attach="left" box="[974,982,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
located close to frontal suture,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA64DCC882D48FE37" box="[1341,1378,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA612CCBE2D40FE39" attach="left" box="[1378,1386,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
—in front of the posterior part of epicranium,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA129CCAC2A54FDDB" box="[601,638,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA10ECF422AACFDDD" attach="left" box="[638,646,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">4</subScript>
|
||
on laterally of
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA05BCCAC2B7AFDDB" box="[811,848,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA020CF422B72FDDD" attach="left" box="[848,856,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA015CCAC2BA0FDDB" box="[869,906,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA0FACF422BB8FDDD" attach="left" box="[906,914,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">5</subScript>
|
||
—anterolaterally. There is one dorsal sensillum between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA38CCF70290BFDFF" box="[252,289,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA251CF662903FD81" attach="left" box="[289,297,565,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">4</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA210CF7029AFFDFF" box="[352,389,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA2F5CF6629A7FD81" attach="left" box="[389,397,565,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">5</subScript>
|
||
. Frontal area with four
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1E9CF702A86FDFF" box="[665,684,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1CACF702AE7FDFF" box="[698,717,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA1BDCF662AFFFD81" attach="left" box="[717,725,565,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA07CCF702B35FDFF" box="[780,799,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA06FCF662B0DFD81" attach="left" box="[799,807,565,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
minute,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA0FACF702BB7FDFF" box="[906,925,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA0EDCF662B8FFD81" attach="left" box="[925,933,565,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
absent,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA772CF702C3FFDFF" box="[1026,1045,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA765CF662C37FD81" attach="left" box="[1045,1053,565,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">4</subScript>
|
||
very long, located anterolaterally,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3E7CF142880FDA3" box="[151,170,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA3DACF0A2898FDA5" attach="left" box="[170,178,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">5</subScript>
|
||
very long, but slightly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA134CF142A7DFDA3" box="[580,599,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA127CF0A2A75FDA5" attach="left" box="[599,607,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">4</subScript>
|
||
, located laterally, close to the border of frons, and with two sensilla—one is between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA264CF38290DFD47" box="[276,295,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA257CF2E2905FD49" attach="left" box="[295,303,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA215CF382952FD47" box="[357,376,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA207CF2E2955FD49" attach="left" box="[375,383,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
, the other is between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA103CF382AACFD47" box="[627,646,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA1F6CF2E2AA4FD49" attach="left" box="[646,654,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">4</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1B4CF382AFDFD47" box="[708,727,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA1A6CF2E2AF4FD49" attach="left" box="[726,734,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">5</subScript>
|
||
slightly displaced towards the frontal suture. Lateral setae:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA605CF382DBEFD47" box="[1397,1428,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">les</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA6E4CF2E2DB6FD49" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
short,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3ADCFDC28D6FD6B" box="[221,252,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">les</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA38CCFF2292EFD6D" attach="left" box="[252,260,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
very long. Ventral setae:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA152CFDC2A6CFD6A" box="[546,582,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">vcs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA135CFF22A67FD6D" attach="left" box="[581,589,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
short,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1EACFDC2A94FD6A" box="[666,702,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">vcs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA1CECFF22AECFD6D" attach="left" box="[702,710,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
medium, 2.5x as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA094CFDC2C22FD6A" box="[996,1032,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">vcs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA778CFF22C3AFD6D" attach="left" box="[1032,1040,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
. Posterior epicranial area with four minute
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA39DCFE02938FD0E" box="[237,274,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pes</emphasis>
|
||
arranged in a row, and with two sensilla—one is between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA0DDCFE02BF8FD0E" box="[941,978,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pes</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA0A2CF962BF0FD11" attach="left" box="[978,986,709,723]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
and endocarinal line and the other near
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3E7CF842896FD33" box="[151,188,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">des</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA3CDCFBA28EFFD35" attach="right" box="[189,197,745,759]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
. Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA231CF8429B5FD33" box="[321,415,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[166,1412,195,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1685]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23–28. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes— postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Figs. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA2DCCF8429E3FD33" box="[428,457,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–106" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1694,1718]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-101@32.[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 98–106. Antennae and maxillary palpi of Anthonomus (SEM images). 98—A. pinivorax, 99—antenna of A. rubripes, 100—maxillary palp of A. rubripes, 101—A. incurvus, 102—A. conspersus, 103—A. latior, 104—A. pedicularius, 105—A. pomorum, 106—A. rubi (se—sensorium, sa—sensilla ampullacea, sd—sensilla digitiform, ss—sensilla styloconium, sb—sensilla basiconicum). Scale bars 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5498011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5498011/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">99</figureCitation>
|
||
) is one-segmented, consisting of a basal membranous segment bearing a short-conical porous sensorium (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA21ECFA829AFFCD6" box="[366,389,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">se</emphasis>
|
||
) and six sensilla: one ampullacea (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA07FCFA82B02FCD6" box="[783,808,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sa</emphasis>
|
||
), four styloconium (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA77FCFA82C0FFCD6" box="[1039,1061,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ss</emphasis>
|
||
) and one basiconicum (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA642CFA82D61FCD7" box="[1330,1355,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sb</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB4DC6FA3B7CE4C296AFACF" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B7CE4C29F1FCFB" box="[199,475,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Clypeus and mouthparts</emphasis>
|
||
. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA125CE4C2A8DFCFB" box="[597,679,798,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[166,1412,195,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1685]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23–28. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes— postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
) trapezium
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA057CE4C2B1AFCFB" bold="true" box="[807,816,799,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">-</emphasis>
|
||
shaped, with two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA089CE4C2C32FCFB" box="[1017,1048,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">cls</emphasis>
|
||
placed close to anterior margin of frons and one clypeal sensillum (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA17FCE102A13FC9F" box="[527,569,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">clss</emphasis>
|
||
) located between them;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA020CE102B45FC9F" box="[848,879,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">cls</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA01FCE062B5DFCA1" attach="left" box="[879,887,853,867]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
about 2/3 as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA719CE102CA2FC9F" box="[1129,1160,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">cls</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA7F8CE062CBAFCA1" attach="left" box="[1160,1168,853,867]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
. Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA678CE102D70FC9F" box="[1288,1370,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[166,1412,195,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1685]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23–28. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes— postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
) with three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3A6CE3428DEFC43" box="[214,244,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA272CE34290AFC43" box="[258,288,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA26FCE2A290DFC45" attach="left" box="[287,295,889,903]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA22ECE342956FC43" box="[350,380,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA20BCE2A29A9FC45" attach="left" box="[379,387,889,903]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
long, subequal length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1F7CE342A8FFC43" box="[647,677,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA1D5CE2A2A87FC45" attach="left" box="[677,685,889,903]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
short, about 1/3 as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA0AECE342BD6FC43" box="[990,1020,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA08BCE2A2C29FC45" attach="left" box="[1019,1027,889,903]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA7D3CE342CDEFC40" box="[1187,1268,871,898]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[166,1412,195,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1685]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23–28. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes— postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
) with one long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3E7CED828EEFC66" box="[151,196,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ams</emphasis>
|
||
, three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA262CED82919FC67" box="[274,307,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">als</emphasis>
|
||
, and two short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA291CED82A27FC66" box="[481,525,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">mes</emphasis>
|
||
. Labral rods (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1DCCED82A95FC67" box="[684,703,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">lr</emphasis>
|
||
) moderately long, converging slightly posteriorly. One sensillum located on both sides of
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA2D6CEFC2993FC0B" box="[422,441,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">lr</emphasis>
|
||
and four sensilla (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1F8CEFC2A86FC0A" box="[648,684,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">esc</emphasis>
|
||
), combined in two clusters with two pores in each. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA61FCEFC289EFC2F" captionStart="FIGURES 23–28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[166,1412,195,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1685]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23–28. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes— postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly elongated, strongly sclerotized, triangular, with two apical teeth,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA09CCE802C33FC2F" box="[1004,1049,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">mds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA769CEB62C0BFC31" attach="left" box="[1049,1057,997,1011]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA726CE802CA9FC2F" box="[1110,1155,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">mds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA7F3CEB62CA1FC31" attach="left" box="[1155,1163,997,1011]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
medium, approximately equal length, mandibular sensillum located medially. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA026CEA42B8DFBD3" box="[854,935,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 23–28" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[166,1412,195,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1685]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23–28. Anthonomus rubripes, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (at—antenna, clss—clypeal sensilla, lr—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster, st—stemma; setae: als—anterolateral, ams—anteromedial, cls—clypeal, des—dorsal epicranial, dms—dorsal malar, fs—frontal, ligs—ligular, lrs—labral, ls—lateral epicranial, mbs—basiventral malar, mds—mandibular, mes—median, mxps—maxillary palp, pes— postepicranial, pfs—palpiferal, pms—postlabial, prms—prelabial, stps—stipal, vms—ventral malar)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
) with one long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA728CEA42CAEFBD2" box="[1112,1156,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">stps</emphasis>
|
||
, two long
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA78CCEA42D37FBD3" box="[1276,1309,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
, very short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3E7C94828EEFBF7" box="[151,196,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
, and three sensilla. Mala on the dorsal side with a row of six finger-like
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA082C9482C35FBF7" box="[1010,1055,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">dms</emphasis>
|
||
, on the ventral side with four
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA601C9482DB7FBF6" box="[1393,1437,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">vms</emphasis>
|
||
(two comparatively long and two short). Maxillary palpi consist of two palpomere: basal palpomere almost square, with one short
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA231C9302951FBBE" box="[321,379,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">mxps</emphasis>
|
||
and two sensilla, distal—elongated, with one simple sensillum, one digitiform sensillum (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA60AC9302DB9FBBF" box="[1402,1427,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sd</emphasis>
|
||
) laterally, and eleven basiconicum sensilla (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA107C9D42ABAFB63" box="[631,656,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sb</emphasis>
|
||
) at the apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA059C9D42BA1FB63" box="[809,907,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–106" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1694,1718]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-101@32.[151,1436,417,1671]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 98–106. Antennae and maxillary palpi of Anthonomus (SEM images). 98—A. pinivorax, 99—antenna of A. rubripes, 100—maxillary palp of A. rubripes, 101—A. incurvus, 102—A. conspersus, 103—A. latior, 104—A. pedicularius, 105—A. pomorum, 106—A. rubi (se—sensorium, sa—sensilla ampullacea, sd—sensilla digitiform, ss—sensilla styloconium, sb—sensilla basiconicum). Scale bars 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5498011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5498011/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prelabium cup-like with four sensilla and one medium
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA38AC9F82918FB06" box="[250,306,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">prms</emphasis>
|
||
; ligula with three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA28FC9F82A0DFB07" box="[511,551,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial palpi elongated, one-segmented, with one sensillum and nine basiconicum sensilla (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA245C99C2964FB2B" box="[309,334,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sb</emphasis>
|
||
) at the apex. Postlabium with three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA19AC99C2B3DFB2A" box="[746,791,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pms</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA057C99C2B7EFB2A" box="[807,852,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA025C9B22B47FB2D" attach="right" box="[853,877,1249,1263]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1—</subScript>
|
||
medium, about as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA7E7C99C2CEEFB2A" box="[1175,1220,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA7B4C9B22CE6FB2D" attach="left" box="[1220,1228,1249,1263]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA7A8C99C2D2FFB2A" box="[1240,1285,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA675C9B22D27FB2D" attach="left" box="[1285,1293,1249,1263]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA67EC99C2D00FB2B" bold="true" box="[1294,1322,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">—</emphasis>
|
||
very long,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3E7C9A028EEFACE" box="[151,196,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA3B4C85628F7FAD1" attach="both" box="[196,221,1285,1299]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3—</subScript>
|
||
medium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB4DC6FA3B7C8452A67FAF3" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2019]" box="[199,589,1302,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B7C8452991FAF3" bold="true" box="[199,443,1302,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Description of pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB4DC6FA2B2C8442A63FAF3" box="[450,585,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–31" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1897,1921]" captionTargetBox="[179,1407,195,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[166,1421,181,1874]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 29–31. Anthonomus rubripes, pupa habitus and chaetotaxy. 12—ventral view, 13—dorsal view, 14—lateral view (Th1–3—number of thoracic segments,Ab1–9—number of abdominal segments, msa—metathoracic sclerotized area, pd—prothoracic depression; sp—spiracle; setae: as—apical, d—dorsal, ds—discal, lt—laterotergal, os—orbital, pls—posterolateral, sls—superlateral, sos—superorbital, v—ventral, vs—vertical)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497979/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Figs. 29–31</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB4DC6FA3B7C86829B7FABB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B7C8682943FA96" box="[199,361,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(in mm). Body length: 2.11–2.71 (mean 2.36). Body width: 0.91–1.24 (mean 1.07). Head width: 0.44–0.53 (mean 0.48).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB4DC6FA3B7C8D02A54FA03" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B7C8D02968FA5F" box="[199,322,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
. Initially yellowish-white, turns more yellow over time. Setae (including the tubercles on which they are placed) and urogomphi are light brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB4DC6FA3B7C89828DAF9EF" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B7C898292BFA27" box="[199,257,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Body</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum long and stout, 4.0–4.5x as long as wide. Pronotum transverse, 1.4x as wide as long. Prothoracic depressions (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA25CC8BC2962F9CB" box="[300,328,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pd</emphasis>
|
||
) well defined, partially covered with antennae. Spiracles well developed on Ab1–5, and vestigial on Ab6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB4DC63A3B7CB6428D7FE37" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2019]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,150,501]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B7CB64296DF993" box="[199,327,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
. Setae from minute to long, slightly curved, light brown, like the tubercles to which they are associated. Head capsule with one
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA2A3CB0829DBF9B6" box="[467,497,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">vs,</emphasis>
|
||
one
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA155CB082A14F9B6" box="[549,574,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">os</emphasis>
|
||
and one
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1D0CB082AEEF9B6" box="[672,708,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sos</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1A1CB082AC2F9B6" box="[721,744,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">vs</emphasis>
|
||
distinctly curved, 1/2 as long as the width of the rostrum at the base,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3A7CB2C28DAF95A" box="[215,240,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">os</emphasis>
|
||
slightly shorter and thinner than
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA111CB2C2A52F95A" box="[609,632,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">vs</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1F7CB2C2A81F95A" box="[647,683,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sos</emphasis>
|
||
even shorter and thinner than
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA08ECB2C2C3DF95A" box="[1022,1047,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">os</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum with one
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA783CB2C2D23F95A" box="[1267,1289,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">rs</emphasis>
|
||
and one
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA61ECB2C2DBFF95A" box="[1390,1429,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pas</emphasis>
|
||
; rs very short, fine, located anterior to the base of the antennae, about 1/5 as long as the rostrum width at the same place;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA390CB94292DF922" box="[224,263,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pas</emphasis>
|
||
as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA2F0CB9429BCF922" box="[384,406,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">rs</emphasis>
|
||
, located very close to each other at the base of the rostrum. Pronotum (Th1) with one
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA63CCB942D4FF922" box="[1356,1381,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">as</emphasis>
|
||
, two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3E7CBB8289AF8C7" box="[151,176,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ds</emphasis>
|
||
, two
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA382CBB8293CF8C7" box="[242,278,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sls,</emphasis>
|
||
and three
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA2FFCBB8299AF8C7" box="[399,432,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pls</emphasis>
|
||
; all setae short, slightly different in length, but
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA0BFCBB82BC7F8C7" box="[975,1005,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">sls</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA09DCBAE2C2FF8C9" attach="left" box="[1005,1029,1789,1803]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1–2</subScript>
|
||
relatively more stout, whereas
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA61BCBB82DAEF8C7" box="[1387,1412,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA6F4CBAE2DB6F8C9" attach="left" box="[1412,1436,1789,1803]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1–2</subScript>
|
||
thinner;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA385CA5C2924F8EA" box="[245,270,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">as</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA27ECA72293CF8ED" attach="left" box="[270,278,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
located on small flat tubercles;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA109CA5C2AB8F8EB" box="[633,658,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA1E2CA722AB0F8ED" attach="left" box="[658,666,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
located subapically on the anterior surface of large conical tubercles, which larger than those elsewhere on pronotum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA1BBCA602ACEF88F" box="[715,740,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ds</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA194CA162AC6F891" attach="left" box="[740,748,1861,1875]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
—in front of the middle of spiniform tubercles,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA667CA602D12F88F" box="[1303,1336,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pls</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA648CA162D6AF891" attach="left" box="[1336,1344,1861,1875]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
—at the base of small rounded tubercles,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA17DCA042A09F8B3" box="[525,547,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">pl</emphasis>
|
||
s
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA15ECA3A2A6CF8B5" attach="left" box="[558,582,1897,1911]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2–3</subScript>
|
||
—on small flat tubercles. Femora without
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA758CA042C6DF8B3" box="[1064,1095,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">fes</emphasis>
|
||
. Meso
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA7E4CA042CB7F8B3" bold="true" box="[1172,1181,1879,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">-</emphasis>
|
||
(Th2) and metanotum (Th3) with three rather long and stout dorsal setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA192CA282ADAF857" box="[738,752,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">d</emphasis>
|
||
) placed medially, on mesonotum they located without obvious tubercles, on metanotum—on small flat tubercles. Abdominal tergites (Ab1–8) with three distinct dorsal setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3D1CA902885F81F" box="[161,175,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">d</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA3B7CA9028FFF81F" box="[199,213,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA3A5CA8628F7F821" attach="left" box="[213,221,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">1</subScript>
|
||
shorter than others,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA2B6CA9029FEF81F" box="[454,468,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA2A4CA8629F6F821" attach="left" box="[468,476,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB4DC6FA165CA902A09F81F" box="[533,547,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB4DC6FA153CA862A01F821" attach="left" box="[547,555,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">3</subScript>
|
||
approximately equal length, the length of the dorsal setae gradually increases towards the apex of the abdomen,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A152CDC42A1AFF73" box="[546,560,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A140CDFA2A12FF75" attach="left" box="[560,568,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">2</subScript>
|
||
on Ab1–4 located without obvious tubercles, on Ab5–8 located at the bases of sharply pointed tubercles,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A2ADCDE829C1FF17" box="[477,491,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A29BCD9E29D9FF19" attach="left" box="[491,499,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">3</subScript>
|
||
on Ab1–3 located at the apex of flat tubercles, on Ab4—at the base small round tubercles, on Ab5–8—at the bases of large spiniform tubercles and the size of these tubercles is almost the same as in
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A3E7CC50288DFEDF" box="[151,167,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">lt</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A3D7CC462885FEE1" attach="left" box="[167,175,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">2</subScript>
|
||
on the corresponding segments. There are minute and inconspicuous dorsal setae between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A7D7CC502C9FFEDF" box="[1191,1205,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A7C5CC462C97FEE1" attach="left" box="[1205,1213,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">1</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A783CC502D2BFEDF" box="[1267,1281,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A671CC462D23FEE1" attach="left" box="[1281,1289,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">2</subScript>
|
||
and between
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A3E7CC74288FFE83" box="[151,165,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A3D5CC6A2887FE85" attach="left" box="[165,173,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">2</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A392CC7428DAFE83" box="[226,240,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A380CC6A28D2FE85" attach="left" box="[240,248,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">3</subScript>
|
||
(although on Ab7–8 these setae can be distinguishable at 45x magnification).
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A728CC742C45FE82" box="[1112,1135,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Lt</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A700CC6A2C52FE85" attach="left" box="[1136,1144,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">1</subScript>
|
||
minute, on Ab1–3 located without obvious tubercles, on Ab4–8—at the bases of a small sharply pointed tubercles;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A7FACC182CB0FEA7" box="[1162,1178,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">lt</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A7EACC0E2C88FEA9" attach="left" box="[1178,1186,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">2</subScript>
|
||
from long (on Ab1–4 and Ab7–8) to very long (on Ab5–6), located at the bases of large spiniform tubercles; l
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A716CC3C2C5BFE4A" box="[1126,1137,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">s</emphasis>
|
||
absent. Ab9 with four fine setae:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A3ADCCC028C1FE6F" box="[221,235,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A39BCCF628D9FE71" attach="left" box="[235,243,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">1</subScript>
|
||
very short, located dorsally;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A145CCC02A69FE6F" box="[565,579,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17EB565BFFB8DC63A133CCF62A61FE71" attach="left" box="[579,587,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">2</subScript>
|
||
minute, located dorsally;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A01BCCC02B51FE6F" box="[875,891,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">lt</emphasis>
|
||
very short, located laterally,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A7CCCCC02CE2FE6E" box="[1212,1224,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">v</emphasis>
|
||
very short, located ventrally. Urogomphi paired, sclerotized, short (slightly longer than its base width), slightly diverging, pointed at the apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF100496FFBBDC60A3E7CA3A2B6FF82C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497975" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5497975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497975/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" startId="8.[151,264,1897,1921]" targetBox="[157,1429,181,1855]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFBBDC60A3E7CA3A2B6FF82C" blockId="8.[151,1437,1897,2030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A3E7CA3A297FF843" bold="true" box="[151,341,1897,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">FIGURES 18–22.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFBBDC60A22BCA392A1DF840" authorityName="Gyllenhal" authorityYear="1835" box="[347,567,1898,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A22BCA392A1DF840" box="[347,567,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Anthonomus rubripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mature larva. 18—habitus of the body and frontal view of head, 19—thoracic spiracle, 20—lateral view of thoracic segments, 21—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 22—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (setae: as—alar,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A2E1CAE12982F808" box="[401,424,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">ds</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A17CCAE12A04F80B" box="[524,558,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">eps</emphasis>
|
||
—epipleural,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A1C9CAE12AF1F80B" box="[697,731,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">eus</emphasis>
|
||
—eusternal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A02CCAE12B54F808" box="[860,894,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
—laterosternal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A751CAE12C6DF808" box="[1057,1095,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">pda</emphasis>
|
||
—pedal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A7D4CAE12CEDF808" box="[1188,1223,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">pds</emphasis>
|
||
—postdorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A626CAE12DA9F80B" box="[1366,1411,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">prns</emphasis>
|
||
— pronotal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A388CA852932F82F" box="[248,280,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">prs</emphasis>
|
||
—prodorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A2EECA85299FF82F" box="[414,437,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">ps</emphasis>
|
||
—pleural,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A151CA852A1FF82F" box="[545,565,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">ss</emphasis>
|
||
—spiracular,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBBDC60A1CECA852AF3F82F" box="[702,729,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">sts</emphasis>
|
||
—sternal).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF100496FFBADC61A3E7CBFE2CBEF8BB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497977" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5497977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497977/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" startId="9.[151,264,1709,1733]" targetBox="[166,1412,195,1665]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFBADC61A3E7CBFE2CBEF8BB" blockId="9.[151,1437,1709,1913]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A3E7CBFE2979F907" bold="true" box="[151,339,1709,1733]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">FIGURES 23–28.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFBADC61A228CBFE2A18F907" authorityName="Gyllenhal" authorityYear="1835" box="[344,562,1709,1733]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A228CBFE2A18F907" box="[344,562,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Anthonomus rubripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mature larva head and mouthparts. 23—head, frontal view, 24—antenna, 25—clypeus and labrum, 26—epipharynx, 27—left mandible, 28—maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect (apical part of the right maxilla is shown in dorsal aspect) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A2E6CBA52980F8CF" box="[406,426,1782,1805]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">at</emphasis>
|
||
—antenna,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A16FCBA62A6FF8CF" box="[543,581,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">clss</emphasis>
|
||
—clypeal sensilla,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A077CBA62B32F8CF" box="[775,792,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">lr</emphasis>
|
||
—labral rods, esc—epipharyngeal sensilla cluster,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A66CCBA52D07F8CF" box="[1308,1325,1782,1805]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">st</emphasis>
|
||
—stemma; setae:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A3A7CA4A28DFF8F3" box="[215,245,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">als</emphasis>
|
||
—anterolateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A2E9CA4929E8F8F3" box="[409,450,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">ams</emphasis>
|
||
—anteromedial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A11DCA4A2AA3F8F3" box="[621,649,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">cls</emphasis>
|
||
—clypeal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A188CA4A2B30F8F3" box="[760,794,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">des</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal epicranial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A098CA4A2C3BF8F3" box="[1000,1041,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">dms</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal malar,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A7C4CA4A2CEFF8F3" box="[1204,1221,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">fs</emphasis>
|
||
—frontal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A65ECA4A2D79F8F3" box="[1326,1363,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
—ligular,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A3CECA6E28F3F897" box="[190,217,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">lrs</emphasis>
|
||
—labral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A249CA6E2960F897" box="[313,330,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">ls</emphasis>
|
||
—lateral epicranial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A16BCA6E2A6EF897" box="[539,580,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
—basiventral malar,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A069CA6E2B68F897" box="[793,834,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">mds</emphasis>
|
||
—mandibular,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A0AACA6D2C2BF897" box="[986,1025,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">mes</emphasis>
|
||
—median,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A703CA6D2C8DF897" box="[1139,1191,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">mxps</emphasis>
|
||
—maxillary palp,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A611CA6D2DA9F897" box="[1377,1411,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">pes</emphasis>
|
||
— postepicranial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A242CA32297AF8BB" box="[306,336,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
—palpiferal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A2A7CA312A2AF8BB" box="[471,512,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">pms</emphasis>
|
||
—postlabial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A1F8CA312A91F8BB" box="[648,699,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">prms</emphasis>
|
||
—prelabial,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A049CA312B4AF8BB" box="[825,864,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">stps</emphasis>
|
||
—stipal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBADC61A0CDCA312BCEF8BB" box="[957,996,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">vms</emphasis>
|
||
—ventral malar).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF100496FFB9DC62A3E7CA3A2B25F82C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497979" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5497979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497979/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" startId="10.[151,264,1897,1921]" targetBox="[179,1407,195,1861]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB9DC62A3E7CA3A2B25F82C" blockId="10.[151,1437,1897,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A3E7CA3A297CF840" bold="true" box="[151,342,1897,1922]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">FIGURES 29–31.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB9DC62A22ECA392A11F840" authorityName="Gyllenhal" authorityYear="1835" box="[350,571,1898,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A22ECA392A11F840" box="[350,571,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Anthonomus rubripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pupa habitus and chaetotaxy. 12—ventral view, 13—dorsal view, 14—lateral view (Th1–3—number of thoracic segments, Ab1–9—number of abdominal segments,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A0BCCADD2BDFF867" box="[972,1013,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">msa</emphasis>
|
||
—metathoracic sclerotized area,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A64FCADD2D72F864" box="[1343,1368,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">pd</emphasis>
|
||
—prothoracic depression;
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A21ECAE129AFF80B" box="[366,389,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">sp</emphasis>
|
||
—spiracle; setae:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A130CAE12A7DF80B" box="[576,599,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">as</emphasis>
|
||
—apical,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A1CCCAE12AE3F808" box="[700,713,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">d</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A05FCAE12B6CF808" box="[815,838,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">ds</emphasis>
|
||
—discal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A0DACAE12B92F808" box="[938,952,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">lt</emphasis>
|
||
—laterotergal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A724CAE12C41F80B" box="[1108,1131,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">os</emphasis>
|
||
—orbital,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A7A5CAE12CD9F808" box="[1237,1267,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">pls</emphasis>
|
||
—posterolateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A3E7CA852898F82C" box="[151,178,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">sls</emphasis>
|
||
—superlateral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A23ECA852944F82F" box="[334,366,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">sos</emphasis>
|
||
—superorbital,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A17DCA852A32F82F" box="[525,536,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">v</emphasis>
|
||
—ventral,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB9DC62A1F5CA852AB0F82F" box="[645,666,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">vs</emphasis>
|
||
—vertical).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF100496FFB8DC63A3E7C8952CF2F9C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497981" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5497981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497981/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" startId="11.[151,264,1478,1502]" targetBox="[151,1435,525,1455]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB8DC63A3E7C8952CF2F9C0" blockId="11.[151,1436,1478,1538]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A3E7C895297FFA1C" bold="true" box="[151,341,1478,1502]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">FIGURES 32–36.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB8DC63A22BC8952A1DFA1C" authorityName="Gyllenhal" authorityYear="1835" box="[347,567,1478,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A22BC8952A1DFA1C" box="[347,567,1478,1502]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Anthonomus rubripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, biotope and biology. 32—biotope (Saratov region, Sinenkiye), 33—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB8DC63A789C8942D45FA1C" baseAuthorityName="Dieckmann" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[1273,1391,1479,1502]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argentea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A789C8942D22FA1C" box="[1273,1288,1479,1502]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A666C8942D45FA1C" box="[1302,1391,1479,1502]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">argentea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaf damaged by adults, 34—oviposition, 35—egg, 36—the last instar larva inside of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB8DC63A0BEC8B82C6EF9C0" baseAuthorityName="Dieckmann" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[974,1092,1515,1538]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argentea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A0BEC8B82BF7F9C0" box="[974,989,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A09BC8B82C6EF9C0" box="[1003,1092,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">argentea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inflorescence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD0541EFFB8DC64A3B7CB632C86FF3B" blockId="11.[151,1437,1584,2043]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,249]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A3B7CB6329CBF988" bold="true" box="[199,481,1584,1610]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Biological observations.</emphasis>
|
||
In the south of the European part of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F378148EFFB8DC63A005CB622BE8F989" box="[885,962,1585,1611]" name="Russia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, this species is very common in steppe and meadow-steppe biotopes, along roads, on dry slopes, and wastelands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB8DC63A0C1CB062C2CF9AD" box="[945,1030,1621,1647]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-203@11.[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Anthonomus rubripes, biotope and biology. 32—biotope (Saratov region, Sinenkiye), 33—P. argentea leaf damaged by adults, 34—oviposition, 35—egg, 36—the last instar larva inside of P. argentea inflorescence." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497981/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
). It develops on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB8DC63A7B3CB062942F951" authority="(Dieckmann 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Dieckmann" baseAuthorityYear="1968" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argentea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A7B3CB062DB7F9AC" box="[1219,1437,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Potentilla argentea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE29EFFFB8DC63A3EFCB2A294AF951" author="Dieckmann, L." box="[159,352,1656,1683]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" pagination="377 - 564" refId="ref24043" refString="Dieckmann, L. (1968) Revision der westpalaarktischen Anthonomini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 17, 377 - 564." type="journal article" year="1968">Dieckmann 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB8DC63A2EBCB2A2A22F951" box="[411,520,1657,1683]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifurca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A2EBCB2A2986F950" box="[411,428,1657,1682]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A2C8CB2A2A22F951" box="[440,520,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">bifurca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE29EFFFB8DC63A165CB2A2A95F950" author="Zabaluev, I. A." box="[533,703,1656,1683]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" pagination="115 - 119" refId="ref24919" refString="Zabaluev, I. A. (2016) New and interesting records of Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from the Saratovskaya Oblast'. Part 2. Euroasian Entomological Journal, 15 (2), 115 - 119. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2016">Zabaluev 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, listed as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB8DC63A057CB2A2CBEF950" authority="Dieckmann, 1968" authorityName="Dieckmann" authorityYear="1968" box="[807,1172,1656,1683]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anthonomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A057CB2A2B12F951" box="[807,824,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A034CB2A2BEDF950" box="[836,967,1657,1682]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">germanicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE29EFFFB8DC63A0BCCB2A2CBEF950" author="Dieckmann, L." box="[972,1172,1656,1683]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" pagination="377 - 564" refId="ref24043" refString="Dieckmann, L. (1968) Revision der westpalaarktischen Anthonomini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 17, 377 - 564." type="journal article" year="1968">Dieckmann, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; misidentification). The first beetles were recorded on May 9, and the largest number observed in the second half of May. The adults feed on the leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB8DC63A258CB9229BCF919" box="[296,406,1729,1755]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A258CB9229BCF919" box="[296,406,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Potentilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, making small dimples in the parenchyma (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB8DC63A007CB922BE3F919" box="[887,969,1729,1755]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-203@11.[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Anthonomus rubripes, biotope and biology. 32—biotope (Saratov region, Sinenkiye), 33—P. argentea leaf damaged by adults, 34—oviposition, 35—egg, 36—the last instar larva inside of P. argentea inflorescence." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497981/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oviposition occurs at the base of the bud (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB8DC63A3D0CBB628D9F93D" box="[160,243,1765,1791]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-203@11.[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Anthonomus rubripes, biotope and biology. 32—biotope (Saratov region, Sinenkiye), 33—P. argentea leaf damaged by adults, 34—oviposition, 35—egg, 36—the last instar larva inside of P. argentea inflorescence." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497981/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
), where a small dark spot remains. The egg is oval, white, translucent,
|
||
<quantity id="4C97F9FBFFB8DC63A760CBB72C99F93D" box="[1040,1203,1764,1791]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="0.54" valueMax="0.56" valueMin="0.52">0.52–0.56 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4C97F9FBFFB8DC63A789CBB72DB7F93D" box="[1273,1437,1764,1791]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.5999999999999996" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="0.37" valueMax="0.38" valueMin="0.36">0.36–0.38 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB8DC63A3ADCA5A291AF8E1" box="[221,304,1800,1827]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-203@11.[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Anthonomus rubripes, biotope and biology. 32—biotope (Saratov region, Sinenkiye), 33—P. argentea leaf damaged by adults, 34—oviposition, 35—egg, 36—the last instar larva inside of P. argentea inflorescence." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497981/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
). Due to the fact that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB8DC63A150CA5A2AA4F8E1" box="[544,654,1801,1827]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A150CA5A2AA4F8E1" box="[544,654,1801,1827]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Potentilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flowers bloom gradually over about a month, and not simultaneously, the oviposition period is extended, I found both eggs and larvae of different instars at the same time. Weevil-infested buds remain closed, but do not turn brown or dry out. An interesting observation in laboratory conditions was made on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFB8DC63A3C9CA262913F84C" baseAuthorityName="Dieckmann" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[185,313,1909,1935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argentea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A3C9CA2628E0F84C" box="[185,202,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFB8DC63A3A7CA262913F84C" box="[215,313,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">argentea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a dense corymbose multi-flowered inflorescence consisting of buds of different sizes. The larva (usually 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C1AF956FFB8DC63A238CACB2972F864" attach="left" box="[328,344,1944,1958]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">nd</superScript>
|
||
or 3
|
||
<superScript id="7C1AF956FFB8DC63A2FDCACB29B1F864" attach="left" box="[397,411,1944,1958]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">rd</superScript>
|
||
instar) having destroyed the contents of one bud, gnaws a hole in its lateral wall and goes outside, feeds in the intervals between the buds, damaging the peduncle and adjacent buds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1354489BFFB8DC63A7EFCAEE2CDEF815" box="[1183,1268,1980,2007]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–36" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-203@11.[151,1435,525,1455]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 32–36. Anthonomus rubripes, biotope and biology. 32—biotope (Saratov region, Sinenkiye), 33—P. argentea leaf damaged by adults, 34—oviposition, 35—egg, 36—the last instar larva inside of P. argentea inflorescence." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5497981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5497981/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, for pupation, the larva necessarily penetrated into the bud, and the hole sealed with a dense plug formed by larval excrement mixed with plant debris. This behavior was not observed during development on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFBFDC64A729CDC42CE2FF73" box="[1113,1224,151,177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifurca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBFDC64A729CDC42C40FF72" box="[1113,1130,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBFDC64A708CDC42CE2FF73" box="[1144,1224,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">bifurca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which the flowers are located relatively farther from each other. Larvae of the minute pirate bugs
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFBFDC64A773CDE82C43FF17" box="[1027,1129,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" genus="Orius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91B880CFFBFDC64A773CDE82C69FF17" box="[1027,1091,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Orius</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFBFDC64A707CDE82CD8FF17" box="[1143,1266,187,213]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F2F9DFFBFDC64A78ACDE82DBEFF14" box="[1274,1428,187,214]" class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Anthocoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were found feeding on the weevil larvae. The new generation of beetles started from June 10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |