treatments-xml/data/83/21/87/832187E9FE8BFEC1FF7463FAFC5FFA8C.xml

<document id="8221C5A54725C60F09693E092DCC67B4" ID-CLB-Dataset="32249" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4313.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d8cc2cd8-8410-49aa-a75d-7a41d9f52b26" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="883161" ID-ZooBank="A5Fdfba5-F992-44A8-84C2-1756C943C19B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1504182989959" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bush, Sarah E." docDate="2017" docId="832187E9FE8BFEC1FF7463FAFC5FFA8C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4313.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4313 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Buphagoecus Bush 2017, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="259" masterDocId="7F18FF91FF8AFFC3FFE36200FFC9FFA3" masterDocTitle="Morphological revision of the hyperdiverse Brueelia - complex (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) with new taxa, checklists and generic key" masterLastPageNumber="443" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="258" updateTime="1698467717597" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7FC9405C18B7490B9C696AA58F785AEE">Morphological revision of the hyperdiverse Brueelia - complex (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) with new taxa, checklists and generic key</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE8BFEC2FF7463FAFD0AFDB7" blockId="257.[151,707,506,532]" box="[151,707,506,532]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
<heading id="507F8193FE8BFEC2FF7463FAFD0AFDB7" bold="true" box="[151,707,506,532]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" reason="1">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF7463FAFD0AFDB7" bold="true" box="[151,707,506,532]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF7463FAFDFCFDB7" authority="Gustafsson &amp; Bush" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,565,506,532]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF7463FAFEF2FDB7" bold="true" box="[151,315,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
Gustafsson &amp; Bush
</taxonomicName>
, 
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<subSubSection id="43926574FE8BFEC2FF746041FD80FDF4" box="[151,585,577,599]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE8BFEC2FF746041FD80FDF4" blockId="257.[151,585,577,599]" box="[151,585,577,599]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2B9811D1FE8BFEC2FF746041FD80FDF4" box="[151,585,577,599]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF746041FE07FDF4" authority="Eichler, 1944: 81" authorityName="Eichler" authorityPageNumber="81" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,462,577,599]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF746041FED2FDF4" box="[151,283,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="8A2910EEFE8BFEC2FEC36041FE07FDF4" author="Eichler" box="[288,462,577,599]" page="81" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" year="1944">
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFE8BFEC2FEC36041FE62FDF4" author="Eichler" box="[288,427,577,599]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" refString="Eichler, W. (1944) Notulae Mallophagologicae. XI. Acht neue Gattungen der Nirmi und Docophori. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung, 105, 80 - 82." type="journal article" year="1944">Eichler, 1944</bibRefCitation>
: 81
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(
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FE3E6042FDF3FDF4" box="[477,570,578,599]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">in partim</emphasis>
).
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<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE8BFEC2FF74607EFD68FD37" blockId="257.[151,673,638,660]" box="[151,673,638,660]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF74607EFEEBFD37" bold="true" box="[151,290,638,660]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Type species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FECA607EFD68FD37" authority="Ansari, 1968: 6" authorityName="Ansari" authorityPageNumber="6" authorityYear="1968" box="[297,673,638,660]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="husaini">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FECA607EFE37FD37" box="[297,510,638,660]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus husaini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFE8BFEC2FDE7607EFD43FD37" author="Ansari" box="[516,650,638,660]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" refString="Ansari, R. A. M. (1968) A review of the biting louse genus Sturnidoecus Elchler [sic] 1944 (Philopteridae: Mallophaga) found on the bird family Sturnidae (Passeriformes). Pakistan Journal of Health, 17, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1968">Ansari, 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 6
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE8BFEC2FF7460C1FE31FB56" blockId="257.[151,1437,705,2026]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF7460C1FED8FD79" bold="true" box="[151,273,705,730]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FEFB60C1FE66FD79" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[280,431,705,730]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FEFB60C1FE66FD79" box="[280,431,705,730]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FE5660C1FDCDFD79" bold="true" box="[437,516,705,730]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">n. gen.</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FDF060C1FD66FD79" box="[531,687,705,730]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 427 – 428" captionStart-1="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStart-2="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId-0="259.[151,264,1945,1967]" captionStartId-1="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionStartId-2="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox-0="[157,1436,434,1907]" captionTargetBox-1="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetBox-2="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId-0="figure@259.[151,1436,409,1924]" captionTargetId-1="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetId-2="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId-0="259" captionTargetPageId-1="260" captionTargetPageId-2="261" captionText-0="FIGURES 427 – 428. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 427, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 428, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." captionText-1="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." captionText-2="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883384/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 427–436</figureCitation>
) was previously considered a part of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FBB260C1FB2BFD79" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[1105,1250,705,730]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FBB260C1FB2BFD79" box="[1105,1250,705,730]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FB1260C1FA46FD79" box="[1265,1423,705,730]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 377 – 378" captionStart-1="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStart-10="FIGURES 415 – 419" captionStart-11="FIGURES 420 – 421" captionStart-12="FIGURES 422 – 426" captionStart-2="FIGURES 384 – 389" captionStart-3="FIGURES 390 – 395" captionStart-4="FIGURES 396 – 398" captionStart-5="FIGURES 399 – 400" captionStart-6="FIGURES 401 – 405" captionStart-7="FIGURES 406 – 407" captionStart-8="FIGURES 408 – 412" captionStart-9="FIGURES 413 – 414" captionStartId-0="240.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionStartId-1="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionStartId-10="253.[151,264,1951,1973]" captionStartId-11="255.[151,264,1612,1634]" captionStartId-12="256.[151,264,1950,1972]" captionStartId-2="244.[151,264,1888,1910]" captionStartId-3="245.[151,264,1889,1911]" captionStartId-4="246.[151,264,1562,1584]" captionStartId-5="247.[151,264,1971,1993]" captionStartId-6="248.[151,264,1912,1934]" captionStartId-7="250.[151,264,1793,1815]" captionStartId-8="251.[151,264,1886,1908]" captionStartId-9="252.[151,264,1625,1647]" captionTargetBox-0="[172,1425,599,1892]" captionTargetBox-1="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetBox-10="[179,1366,223,1907]" captionTargetBox-11="[175,1405,210,1555]" captionTargetBox-12="[191,1386,217,1907]" captionTargetBox-2="[280,1249,208,1822]" captionTargetBox-3="[270,1303,208,1803]" captionTargetBox-4="[237,1387,221,1479]" captionTargetBox-5="[180,1410,427,1939]" captionTargetBox-6="[196,1341,192,1885]" captionTargetBox-7="[193,1424,202,1752]" captionTargetBox-8="[192,1380,202,1839]" captionTargetBox-9="[174,1408,204,1571]" captionTargetId-0="figure@240.[151,1436,575,1912]" captionTargetId-1="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetId-10="figure@253.[170,1391,193,1921]" captionTargetId-11="figure@255.[151,1436,193,1590]" captionTargetId-12="figure@256.[172,1408,193,1918]" captionTargetId-2="figure@244.[175,1369,193,1838]" captionTargetId-3="figure@245.[208,1348,193,1828]" captionTargetId-4="figure@246.[151,1436,193,1541]" captionTargetId-5="figure@247.[154,1439,393,1977]" captionTargetId-6="figure@248.[182,1404,181,1909]" captionTargetId-7="figure@250.[151,1436,195,1772]" captionTargetId-8="figure@251.[181,1405,193,1865]" captionTargetId-9="figure@252.[151,1436,193,1604]" captionTargetPageId-0="240" captionTargetPageId-1="241" captionTargetPageId-10="253" captionTargetPageId-11="255" captionTargetPageId-12="256" captionTargetPageId-2="244" captionTargetPageId-3="245" captionTargetPageId-4="246" captionTargetPageId-5="247" captionTargetPageId-6="248" captionTargetPageId-7="250" captionTargetPageId-8="251" captionTargetPageId-9="252" captionText-0="FIGURES 377 – 378. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 377, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 378, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." captionText-1="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." captionText-10="FIGURES 415 – 419. Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. ex Cinnyricinclus leucogaster verreauxi: 415, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 416, male genitalia, dorsal view. 417, male mesosome, ventral view. 418, male paramere, dorsal view. 419, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." captionText-11="FIGURES 420 – 421. Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. ex Quelea quelea quelea: 420, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 421, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." captionText-12="FIGURES 422 – 426. Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. ex Quelea quelea quelea: 422, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 423, male genitalia, dorsal view. 424, male mesosome, ventral view. 425, male paramere, dorsal view. 426, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." captionText-2="FIGURES 384 – 389. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 384, Sturnidoecus australafricanus n. sp. (St. australafricanus group). 385, Sturnidoecus basilewskyi Tendeiro, 1963 (St. basilewskyi group). 386, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (St. clayae group). 387, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the triangular extensions). 388, Sturnidoecus meinertzhageni Ansari, 1968 (St. meinertzhageni group). 389, Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. (St. mon group)." captionText-3="FIGURES 390 – 395. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 390, Sturnidoecus pastoris (Denny, 1842) (St. pastoris group). 391, Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. (St. porphyrogenitus group). 392, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (St. senegalensis group). 393, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the two ventral hooks). 394, Sturnidoecus simplex (Kellogg, 1896) (St. simplex group). 395 Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. (St. somnodraco group)." captionText-4="FIGURES 396 – 398. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 396, Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) (St. sturni group). 397, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (St. wittei group). 398, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing single hook)." captionText-5="FIGURES 399 – 400. Sturnidoecus australafricanus sp. nov. ex Corvinella melanoleuca expressa: 399, male dorsal and ventral views (distal abdomen not illustrated, distorted in only available specimen). 400, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." captionText-6="FIGURES 401 – 405. Sturnidoecus australafricanus sp. nov. ex Corvinella melanoleuca expressa: 401, male head, dorsal and ventral views (hyaline margin collapsed in single available male, dotted lines represent likely extent in fresh material). 402, male genitalia, dorsal view. 403, male mesosome, ventral view. 404, male paramere, dorsal view. 405, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." captionText-7="FIGURES 406 – 407. Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. ex Euplectes hordeaceus: 406, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 407, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." captionText-8="FIGURES 408 – 412. Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. ex Euplectes hordeaceus: 408, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 409, male genitalia, dorsal view. 410, male mesosome, ventral view. 411, male paramere, dorsal view. 412, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." captionText-9="FIGURES 413 – 414. Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. ex Cinnyricinclus leucogaster verreauxi: 413, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 414, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883358/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/883378/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/883380/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/883382/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/883362/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/883364/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/883366/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/883368/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/883370/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/883372/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/883374/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/883376/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 377–426</figureCitation>
), and non-genital characters of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FE0660E5FDB5FD5D" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[485,636,741,766]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FE0660E5FDB5FD5D" box="[485,636,741,766]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most similar to this genus and to 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FBC760E6FB7FFD5E" box="[1060,1206,742,765]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FBC760E6FB7FFD5E" box="[1060,1206,742,765]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Rostrinirmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FB2660E5FAACFD5D" box="[1221,1381,741,766]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 437 – 438" captionStart-1="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStart-2="FIGURES 441 – 450" captionStartId-0="265.[151,264,1689,1711]" captionStartId-1="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionStartId-2="270.[151,264,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1418,217,1667]" captionTargetBox-1="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetBox-2="[198,1302,194,1817]" captionTargetId-0="figure@265.[151,1436,195,1667]" captionTargetId-1="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetId-2="figure@270.[186,1342,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId-0="265" captionTargetPageId-1="267" captionTargetPageId-2="270" captionText-0="FIGURES 437 – 438. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 437, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 438, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." captionText-1="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." captionText-2="FIGURES 441 – 450. Rostrinirmus buresi (Balát, 1958) n. comb. ex Emberiza bruniceps: 441 male genitalia, dorsal view. 442, male mesosome, ventral view. 443, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 444, lateral head margin with os and pos, dorsal view. 445, male genitalia, dorsal view. 446, male mesosome, ventral view. 447, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus montanus (Linnaeus, 1758). 448, male genitalia, dorsal view. 449, male mesosome, ventral view. 450, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883390/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/883394/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 437–450</figureCitation>
). All three genera are of the “head louse” ecotype (
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FD56610AFD08FC82" box="[693,705,778,801]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">e</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FD2A610AFD17FC82" box="[713,734,778,801]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">g,</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FD0A6109FC40FC81" box="[745,905,777,802]" captionStart="FIGURES 377 – 378" captionStartId="240.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,599,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@240.[151,1436,575,1912]" captionTargetPageId="240" captionText="FIGURES 377 – 378. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 377, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 378, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883358/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 377–378</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FC7B610AFC34FC81" box="[920,1021,778,802]" captionStart="FIGURES 427 – 428" captionStartId="259.[151,264,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,434,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@259.[151,1436,409,1924]" captionTargetPageId="259" captionText="FIGURES 427 – 428. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 427, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 428, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883384/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">427–428</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FBEF610AFBB8FC81" box="[1036,1137,778,802]" captionStart="FIGURES 437 – 438" captionStartId="265.[151,264,1689,1711]" captionTargetBox="[158,1418,217,1667]" captionTargetId="figure@265.[151,1436,195,1667]" captionTargetPageId="265" captionText="FIGURES 437 – 438. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 437, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 438, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883390/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">437–438</figureCitation>
), and share the following morphological characters: parameral heads medianly folded (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FC67612DFC22FCE5" box="[900,1003,813,838]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 382</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FC1B612EFBECFCE5" box="[1016,1061,814,838]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">433</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FBD1612EFBA9FCE5" box="[1074,1120,814,838]" captionStart="FIGURES 441 – 450" captionStartId="270.[151,264,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[198,1302,194,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@270.[186,1342,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="270" captionText="FIGURES 441 – 450. Rostrinirmus buresi (Balát, 1958) n. comb. ex Emberiza bruniceps: 441 male genitalia, dorsal view. 442, male mesosome, ventral view. 443, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 444, lateral head margin with os and pos, dorsal view. 445, male genitalia, dorsal view. 446, male mesosome, ventral view. 447, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus montanus (Linnaeus, 1758). 448, male genitalia, dorsal view. 449, male mesosome, ventral view. 450, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883394/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">447</figureCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FB95612EFB54FCE5" box="[1142,1181,814,838]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">as3</emphasis>
absent (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FAD1612DFA51FCE5" box="[1330,1432,813,838]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 379</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FF746152FF0DFCC9" box="[151,196,850,874]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">429</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FF316152FEC9FCC9" box="[210,256,850,874]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStartId="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetPageId="267" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">439</figureCitation>
); marginal carinae interrupted submedianly (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FCD86151FC6AFCC9" box="[827,931,849,874]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 379</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FC526152FC17FCC9" box="[945,990,850,874]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">429</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FC0E6152FBD1FCC9" box="[1005,1048,850,874]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStartId="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetPageId="267" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">439</figureCitation>
) and at least partially interrupted laterally; dorsal anterior plates completely separated from the main head plate by dorsal preantennal suture (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FF746199FF33FC11" box="[151,250,921,946]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 379</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FEE6619AFEFBFC11" box="[261,306,922,946]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">429</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FEDF619AFEA3FC11" box="[316,362,922,946]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStartId="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetPageId="267" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">439</figureCitation>
). Sternal plates of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FDD46199FD07FC11" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[567,718,921,946]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FDD46199FD07FC11" box="[567,718,921,946]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FD3F6199FCB1FC11" box="[732,888,921,946]" captionStart="FIGURES 427 – 428" captionStartId="259.[151,264,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,434,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@259.[151,1436,409,1924]" captionTargetPageId="259" captionText="FIGURES 427 – 428. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 427, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 428, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883384/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 427–428</figureCitation>
) are much reduced, similar to some 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FAE86199FA55FC11" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[1291,1436,921,946]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FAE86199FA55FC11" box="[1291,1436,921,946]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g. 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FF3361BDFEA7FC75" box="[208,366,957,982]" captionStart="FIGURES 399 – 400" captionStartId="247.[151,264,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[180,1410,427,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@247.[154,1439,393,1977]" captionTargetPageId="247" captionText="FIGURES 399 – 400. Sturnidoecus australafricanus sp. nov. ex Corvinella melanoleuca expressa: 399, male dorsal and ventral views (distal abdomen not illustrated, distorted in only available specimen). 400, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883368/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 399–400</figureCitation>
), and like 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FE0061BDFDBDFC75" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[483,628,957,982]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FE0061BDFDBDFC75" box="[483,628,957,982]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g. 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FD5761BDFCDAFC75" box="[692,787,957,982]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 379</figureCitation>
) the dorsal preantennal suture of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FB6E61BDFAEDFC75" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1165,1316,957,982]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FB6E61BDFAEDFC75" box="[1165,1316,957,982]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FAD761BDFA5DFC75" box="[1332,1428,957,982]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 429</figureCitation>
) is extended postero-laterally towards the preantennal nodi and the posterior margin of the dorsal anterior plate is roughly flat. The abdominal chaetotaxy of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FD796605FCF8FBBD" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[666,817,1029,1054]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FD796605FCF8FBBD" box="[666,817,1029,1054]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="460A0344FE8BFEC2FCA56605FC6BFBBD" box="[838,930,1029,1054]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="30.[151,239,796,819]" captionText="TABLE 2. Summary of abdominal chaetotaxy of segments II – VIII for the Brueelia - complex, including both genera and subgenera. In genera where chaetotaxy differs between species group (marked with *), only that of the type species is given here, and more detailed accounts are given separately under the respective genus entries and in Tables 3 – 12. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all genera, and are not listed. Abbreviations: ps = paratergal seta; aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; tps = tergal posterior seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta." pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Table 2</tableCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FC576605FB9CFBBD" box="[948,1109,1029,1054]" captionStart="FIGURES 427 – 428" captionStartId="259.[151,264,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,434,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@259.[151,1436,409,1924]" captionTargetPageId="259" captionText="FIGURES 427 – 428. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 427, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 428, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883384/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 427–428</figureCitation>
) is more similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF74662AFEE0FBE2" box="[151,297,1066,1089]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF74662AFEE0FBE2" box="[151,297,1066,1089]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Rostrinirmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="460A0344FE8BFEC2FEDB6629FE46FBE1" box="[312,399,1065,1090]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="30.[151,239,796,819]" captionText="TABLE 2. Summary of abdominal chaetotaxy of segments II – VIII for the Brueelia - complex, including both genera and subgenera. In genera where chaetotaxy differs between species group (marked with *), only that of the type species is given here, and more detailed accounts are given separately under the respective genus entries and in Tables 3 – 12. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all genera, and are not listed. Abbreviations: ps = paratergal seta; aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; tps = tergal posterior seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta." pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Table 2</tableCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FE7F6629FDFFFBE1" box="[412,566,1065,1090]" captionStart="FIGURES 437 – 438" captionStartId="265.[151,264,1689,1711]" captionTargetBox="[158,1418,217,1667]" captionTargetId="figure@265.[151,1436,195,1667]" captionTargetPageId="265" captionText="FIGURES 437 – 438. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 437, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 438, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883390/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 437–438</figureCitation>
) than to any 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FD296629FC92FBE1" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[714,859,1065,1090]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FD296629FC92FBE1" box="[714,859,1065,1090]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="460A0344FE8BFEC2FC896629FC07FBE1" box="[874,974,1065,1090]" captionStart="TABLE 11" captionStartId="235.[151,239,1372,1395]" captionText="TABLE 11. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of some species groups of Sturnidoecus. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of St. sturni are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory postspiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Table 11</tableCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FC386629FBBEFBE1" box="[987,1143,1065,1090]" captionStart="FIGURES 377 – 378" captionStartId="240.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,599,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@240.[151,1436,575,1912]" captionTargetPageId="240" captionText="FIGURES 377 – 378. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 377, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 378, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883358/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 377–378</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FB60662AFB21FBE1" box="[1155,1256,1066,1090]" captionStart="FIGURES 399 – 400" captionStartId="247.[151,264,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[180,1410,427,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@247.[154,1439,393,1977]" captionTargetPageId="247" captionText="FIGURES 399 – 400. Sturnidoecus australafricanus sp. nov. ex Corvinella melanoleuca expressa: 399, male dorsal and ventral views (distal abdomen not illustrated, distorted in only available specimen). 400, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883368/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">399–400</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FB106629FA90FBE1" box="[1267,1369,1065,1090]" captionStart="FIGURES 406 – 407" captionStartId="250.[151,264,1793,1815]" captionTargetBox="[193,1424,202,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@250.[151,1436,195,1772]" captionTargetPageId="250" captionText="FIGURES 406 – 407. Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. ex Euplectes hordeaceus: 406, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 407, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883372/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">406–407</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FA87662AFF0DFBC5" captionStart="FIGURES 413 – 414" captionStartId="252.[151,264,1625,1647]" captionTargetBox="[174,1408,204,1571]" captionTargetId="figure@252.[151,1436,193,1604]" captionTargetPageId="252" captionText="FIGURES 413 – 414. Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. ex Cinnyricinclus leucogaster verreauxi: 413, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 414, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883376/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">413– 414</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FF2C664EFEFCFBC5" box="[207,309,1102,1126]" captionStart="FIGURES 420 – 421" captionStartId="255.[151,264,1612,1634]" captionTargetBox="[175,1405,210,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@255.[151,1436,193,1590]" captionTargetPageId="255" captionText="FIGURES 420 – 421. Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. ex Quelea quelea quelea: 420, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 421, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883380/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">420–421</figureCitation>
), in that there are no setal rows on any segment in either sex. Neither 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FBA2664EFBBBFBC6" box="[1089,1138,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">psps</emphasis>
nor 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FB45664EFB04FBC6" box="[1190,1229,1102,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Guimaraesiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="myiophoneae" subSpecies="aps">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FB45664EFB04FBC6" box="[1190,1229,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">aps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are found in more anterior segments in either sex of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FDC76671FD72FB29" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[548,699,1137,1162]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FDC76671FD72FB29" box="[548,699,1137,1162]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but these are present in the anterior segments of both sexes in 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF746696FEE0FB0E" box="[151,297,1174,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF746696FEE0FB0E" box="[151,297,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Rostrinirmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FED96696FE21FB0D" box="[314,488,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Anterior seta 1</emphasis>
is present in 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FD6B6695FCD6FB0D" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[648,799,1173,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FD6B6695FCD6FB0D" box="[648,799,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FCD26695FC5AFB0D" box="[817,915,1173,1198]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 429</figureCitation>
) as in most 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FBC46695FB71FB0D" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[1063,1208,1173,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FBC46695FB71FB0D" box="[1063,1208,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g. 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FB1D6695FAABFB0D" box="[1278,1378,1173,1198]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 379</figureCitation>
), but unlike 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF0666BAFEB1FB72" box="[229,376,1210,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF0666BAFEB1FB72" box="[229,376,1210,1233]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Rostrinirmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FE6B66B9FE21FB71" box="[392,488,1209,1234]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStartId="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetPageId="267" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 439</figureCitation>
) where 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FDA566BAFDA4FB71" box="[582,621,1210,1234]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">as1</emphasis>
is absent. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FD0566B9FC5EFB72" box="[742,919,1209,1234]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Post-nodal seta</emphasis>
is absent in 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FBCB66B9FB76FB71" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1064,1215,1209,1234]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FBCB66B9FB76FB71" box="[1064,1215,1209,1234]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but present in both 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF7466DDFEE1FB55" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,296,1245,1270]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF7466DDFEE1FB55" box="[151,296,1245,1270]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FEBD66DEFE39FB56" box="[350,496,1246,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FEBD66DEFE39FB56" box="[350,496,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Rostrinirmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE8BFEC2FF246701FBC8F921" blockId="257.[151,1437,705,2026]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
The genitalia of both sexes of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FDFC6701FD7FFAB9" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[543,694,1281,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FDFC6701FD7FFAB9" box="[543,694,1281,1306]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FD256701FCADFAB9" box="[710,868,1281,1306]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStart-1="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId-0="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionStartId-1="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox-0="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetBox-1="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId-0="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetId-1="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId-0="260" captionTargetPageId-1="261" captionText-0="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 430–436</figureCitation>
) differ from those of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FBBA6701FB23FAB9" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[1113,1258,1281,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FBBA6701FB23FAB9" box="[1113,1258,1281,1306]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g. 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FACF6701FF08FA9D" captionStart-0="FIGURES 384 – 389" captionStart-1="FIGURES 390 – 395" captionStart-2="FIGURES 396 – 398" captionStartId-0="244.[151,264,1888,1910]" captionStartId-1="245.[151,264,1889,1911]" captionStartId-2="246.[151,264,1562,1584]" captionTargetBox-0="[280,1249,208,1822]" captionTargetBox-1="[270,1303,208,1803]" captionTargetBox-2="[237,1387,221,1479]" captionTargetId-0="figure@244.[175,1369,193,1838]" captionTargetId-1="figure@245.[208,1348,193,1828]" captionTargetId-2="figure@246.[151,1436,193,1541]" captionTargetPageId-0="244" captionTargetPageId-1="245" captionTargetPageId-2="246" captionText-0="FIGURES 384 – 389. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 384, Sturnidoecus australafricanus n. sp. (St. australafricanus group). 385, Sturnidoecus basilewskyi Tendeiro, 1963 (St. basilewskyi group). 386, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (St. clayae group). 387, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the triangular extensions). 388, Sturnidoecus meinertzhageni Ansari, 1968 (St. meinertzhageni group). 389, Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. (St. mon group)." captionText-1="FIGURES 390 – 395. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 390, Sturnidoecus pastoris (Denny, 1842) (St. pastoris group). 391, Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. (St. porphyrogenitus group). 392, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (St. senegalensis group). 393, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the two ventral hooks). 394, Sturnidoecus simplex (Kellogg, 1896) (St. simplex group). 395 Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. (St. somnodraco group)." captionText-2="FIGURES 396 – 398. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 396, Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) (St. sturni group). 397, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (St. wittei group). 398, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing single hook)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883362/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883364/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/883366/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 384– 398</figureCitation>
for male genitalia, and 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FE346725FDF7FA9D" box="[471,574,1317,1342]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 383</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FDAF6725FDB0FA9D" box="[588,633,1317,1342]" captionStart="FIGURES 401 – 405" captionStartId="248.[151,264,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[196,1341,192,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@248.[182,1404,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="248" captionText="FIGURES 401 – 405. Sturnidoecus australafricanus sp. nov. ex Corvinella melanoleuca expressa: 401, male head, dorsal and ventral views (hyaline margin collapsed in single available male, dotted lines represent likely extent in fresh material). 402, male genitalia, dorsal view. 403, male mesosome, ventral view. 404, male paramere, dorsal view. 405, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883370/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">405</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FD646726FD7DFA9D" box="[647,692,1318,1342]" captionStart="FIGURES 408 – 412" captionStartId="251.[151,264,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[192,1380,202,1839]" captionTargetId="figure@251.[181,1405,193,1865]" captionTargetPageId="251" captionText="FIGURES 408 – 412. Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. ex Euplectes hordeaceus: 408, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 409, male genitalia, dorsal view. 410, male mesosome, ventral view. 411, male paramere, dorsal view. 412, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883374/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">412</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FD226726FD27FA9D" box="[705,750,1318,1342]" captionStart="FIGURES 415 – 419" captionStartId="253.[151,264,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[179,1366,223,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@253.[170,1391,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="253" captionText="FIGURES 415 – 419. Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. ex Cinnyricinclus leucogaster verreauxi: 415, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 416, male genitalia, dorsal view. 417, male mesosome, ventral view. 418, male paramere, dorsal view. 419, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883378/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">419</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FD186725FCECFA9D" box="[763,805,1317,1342]" captionStart="FIGURES 422 – 426" captionStartId="256.[151,264,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[191,1386,217,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@256.[172,1408,193,1918]" captionTargetPageId="256" captionText="FIGURES 422 – 426. Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. ex Quelea quelea quelea: 422, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 423, male genitalia, dorsal view. 424, male mesosome, ventral view. 425, male paramere, dorsal view. 426, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883382/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">426</figureCitation>
for female genitalia) and 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FBB76726FB2FFA9E" box="[1108,1254,1318,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FBB76726FB2FFA9E" box="[1108,1254,1318,1341]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Rostrinirmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FB146725FF37FAC1" captionStart-0="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStart-1="FIGURES 441 – 450" captionStartId-0="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionStartId-1="270.[151,264,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetBox-1="[198,1302,194,1817]" captionTargetId-0="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetId-1="figure@270.[186,1342,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId-0="267" captionTargetPageId-1="270" captionText-0="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 441 – 450. Rostrinirmus buresi (Balát, 1958) n. comb. ex Emberiza bruniceps: 441 male genitalia, dorsal view. 442, male mesosome, ventral view. 443, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 444, lateral head margin with os and pos, dorsal view. 445, male genitalia, dorsal view. 446, male mesosome, ventral view. 447, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus montanus (Linnaeus, 1758). 448, male genitalia, dorsal view. 449, male mesosome, ventral view. 450, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883394/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 440–443, 445–450</figureCitation>
). The female subgenital plate of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FD926749FCC1FAC1" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[625,776,1353,1378]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FD926749FCC1FAC1" box="[625,776,1353,1378]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FCFA6749FCB3FAC1" box="[793,890,1353,1378]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 430</figureCitation>
) is more reduced than in any 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FB2F674AFA96FAC2" box="[1228,1375,1354,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FB2F674AFA96FAC2" box="[1228,1375,1354,1377]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Rostrinirmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FA8D6749FF0AFA25" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStartId="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetPageId="267" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 440</figureCitation>
) or 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF15676DFE4EFA25" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[246,391,1389,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF15676DFE4EFA25" box="[246,391,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g. 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FE2D676DFDF9FA25" box="[462,560,1389,1414]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 383</figureCitation>
) species, and unlike in the other two genera the subgenital plate of female 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF746791FEE7FA09" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,302,1425,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF746791FEE7FA09" box="[151,302,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
flares into a partial cross-piece (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FD4A6791FCC7FA09" box="[681,782,1425,1450]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 430</figureCitation>
). The male genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FBC16791FB70FA09" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1058,1209,1425,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FBC16791FB70FA09" box="[1058,1209,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FB296791FAA1FA09" box="[1226,1384,1425,1450]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 431–436</figureCitation>
) are unique within the 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FE8367B5FE09FA6D" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[352,448,1461,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FE8367B5FE09FA6D" box="[352,448,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Brueelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-complex, and not similar to those of any other genus treated here. The mesosome of 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FA9567B6FEC5FA52" authorityName="Ansari" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prominens">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FA9567B6FA5CFA6E" box="[1398,1429,1462,1485]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Bo</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF7467DAFEC5FA52" box="[151,268,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">prominens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FEFD67D9FE74FA51" box="[286,445,1497,1522]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 434–435</figureCitation>
) is somewhat similar to those the 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FCAD67DAFC3CFA51" authorityName="Tendeiro" authorityYear="1963" box="[846,1013,1497,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basilewskyi">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FCAD67DAFCABFA52" box="[846,866,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">St</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FC9767D9FC3CFA51" box="[884,1013,1497,1522]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">basilewskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FB4E67D9FAD9FA51" box="[1197,1296,1497,1522]" captionStart="FIGURES 384 – 389" captionStartId="244.[151,264,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[280,1249,208,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@244.[175,1369,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="244" captionText="FIGURES 384 – 389. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 384, Sturnidoecus australafricanus n. sp. (St. australafricanus group). 385, Sturnidoecus basilewskyi Tendeiro, 1963 (St. basilewskyi group). 386, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (St. clayae group). 387, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the triangular extensions). 388, Sturnidoecus meinertzhageni Ansari, 1968 (St. meinertzhageni group). 389, Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. (St. mon group)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883362/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 385</figureCitation>
) and the 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FA6367DAFF38F9B6" baseAuthorityName="Denny" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pastoris">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FA6367DAFA5DFA52" box="[1408,1428,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">St</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF7467FEFF38F9B6" box="[151,241,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">pastoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FE4867FDFDD8F9B5" box="[427,529,1533,1558]" captionStart="FIGURES 390 – 395" captionStartId="245.[151,264,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[270,1303,208,1803]" captionTargetId="figure@245.[208,1348,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="245" captionText="FIGURES 390 – 395. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 390, Sturnidoecus pastoris (Denny, 1842) (St. pastoris group). 391, Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. (St. porphyrogenitus group). 392, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (St. senegalensis group). 393, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the two ventral hooks). 394, Sturnidoecus simplex (Kellogg, 1896) (St. simplex group). 395 Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. (St. somnodraco group)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883364/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 390</figureCitation>
), but the fleshy bilobed distal extension of the mesosome is not found in any 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF746421FEE1F999" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,296,1569,1594]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF746421FEE1F999" box="[151,296,1569,1594]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The lateral extensions of the distal basal apodeme are also unique to 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FBAA6421FB29F999" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1097,1248,1569,1594]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FBAA6421FB29F999" box="[1097,1248,1569,1594]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, the position of the 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FEA16446FEB5F9FE" box="[322,380,1606,1629]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">ames</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FE506446FE24F9FE" box="[435,493,1606,1629]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">pmes</emphasis>
is quite variable among species groups in 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FC2D6445FB96F9FD" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[974,1119,1605,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FC2D6445FB96F9FD" box="[974,1119,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FB8C6445FAC6F9FD" box="[1135,1295,1605,1630]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 384 – 389" captionStart-1="FIGURES 390 – 395" captionStart-2="FIGURES 396 – 398" captionStartId-0="244.[151,264,1888,1910]" captionStartId-1="245.[151,264,1889,1911]" captionStartId-2="246.[151,264,1562,1584]" captionTargetBox-0="[280,1249,208,1822]" captionTargetBox-1="[270,1303,208,1803]" captionTargetBox-2="[237,1387,221,1479]" captionTargetId-0="figure@244.[175,1369,193,1838]" captionTargetId-1="figure@245.[208,1348,193,1828]" captionTargetId-2="figure@246.[151,1436,193,1541]" captionTargetPageId-0="244" captionTargetPageId-1="245" captionTargetPageId-2="246" captionText-0="FIGURES 384 – 389. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 384, Sturnidoecus australafricanus n. sp. (St. australafricanus group). 385, Sturnidoecus basilewskyi Tendeiro, 1963 (St. basilewskyi group). 386, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (St. clayae group). 387, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the triangular extensions). 388, Sturnidoecus meinertzhageni Ansari, 1968 (St. meinertzhageni group). 389, Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. (St. mon group)." captionText-1="FIGURES 390 – 395. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 390, Sturnidoecus pastoris (Denny, 1842) (St. pastoris group). 391, Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. (St. porphyrogenitus group). 392, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (St. senegalensis group). 393, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the two ventral hooks). 394, Sturnidoecus simplex (Kellogg, 1896) (St. simplex group). 395 Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. (St. somnodraco group)." captionText-2="FIGURES 396 – 398. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 396, Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) (St. sturni group). 397, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (St. wittei group). 398, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing single hook)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883362/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883364/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/883366/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 384–398</figureCitation>
), but neither set of setae are ever distal to the gonopore as in 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FD536469FC8EF921" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[688,839,1641,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FD536469FC8EF921" box="[688,839,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FCB56469FC3DF921" box="[854,1012,1641,1666]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 432, 435</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43926574FE8BFEC1FF24648DFE14FC94" lastPageId="258" lastPageNumber="259" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" type="description">
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE8BFEC2FF24648DFCB1F8DD" blockId="257.[151,1437,705,2026]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF24648DFE13F906" bold="true" box="[199,474,1677,1702]" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
Description. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FEBC648DFE13F906" bold="true" box="[351,474,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Both sexes</emphasis>
</emphasis>
. Head slenderly bulb-shaped (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FCCC648DFC58F905" box="[815,913,1677,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 429</figureCitation>
). Marginal carina interrupted submedianly and laterally; lateral interruption only dorsal, and marginal carina laterally continuous on ventral side. Dorsal anterior plate with rectangular posterior margin, entirely separated from main head plate by dorsal preantennal suture. Dorsal preantennal suture extended towards preantennal nodi. Ventral anterior plate present, crescent-shaped, anterior margin deeply concave. Ventral carinae not continuous with marginal carina. Head setae as in 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FAE8651DFAA2F895" box="[1291,1387,1821,1846]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Fig. 429</figureCitation>
; 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FA96651EFA52F895" box="[1397,1435,1822,1846]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">as3</emphasis>
absent; 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF136542FED1F8F9" box="[240,280,1858,1882]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">as1</emphasis>
very long; 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FE426542FE01F8FA" box="[417,456,1858,1881]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">pos</emphasis>
just posterior to eye. Coni moderate. Antennae monomorphic. Temporal carinae not distinct; 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF1B6566FEE4F8DD" box="[248,301,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE8BFEC2FF1B6566FED6F8DD" box="[248,287,1894,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="257" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
3
</emphasis>
only macrosetae. Gular plate broadly spade-shaped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE8BFEC1FF246589FBA7FF76" blockId="257.[151,1437,705,2026]" lastBlockId="258.[151,1437,151,1184]" lastPageId="258" lastPageNumber="259" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">
Prothorax small, rectangular (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE8BFEC2FDF46589FD71F801" box="[535,696,1929,1954]" captionStart="FIGURES 427 – 428" captionStartId="259.[151,264,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,434,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@259.[151,1436,409,1924]" captionTargetPageId="259" captionText="FIGURES 427 – 428. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 427, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 428, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883384/files/figure.png" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">Figs 427–428</figureCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FD2F658AFD37F802" box="[716,766,1930,1953]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">ppss</emphasis>
on postero-lateral corners. Proepimera broad, median ends hatchet-shaped. Pterothorax pentagonal; lateral margins widely divergent; posterior margin convergent to median point; 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE8BFEC2FF0265D2FEDCF84A" box="[225,277,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="257" pageNumber="258">mms</emphasis>
narrowly separated medianly. Mesosternum and associated setae absent. Metasternum present; 1 seta on postero-lateral corner on each side in male, 2 setae in female. Metepisterna slender with much widened, bluntly triangular median ends. Leg chaetotaxy roughly as in 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FD1262BCFC8AFF76" box="[753,835,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 25" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1012,1034]" captionTargetBox="[173,1428,205,974]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,991]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 25. Dorso-ventral views of coxae I – III, trochanters I – III, and femora I – III, showing terminology of the leg setae used here. Other parts of the thorax removed for clarity. Setae situated marginally are illustrated and named on both dorsal (lefthand) and ventral (right-hand) sides. Terminology for individual seta as used in the text obtained by combining the leg segment (larger font) and the setal name (smaller font). Abbreviations: a 1 – 5, anterior setae 1 – 5; cI – III, coxae I – III; d 1 – 3, dorsal setae 1 – 3; dm 1 – 4, distal marginal setae 1 – 4; fI – III, femur I – III; p 1 – 3, posterior setae 1 – 3; s 1 – 6, sensilla 1 – 6; tI – III, trochanter I – III; v 1 – 4, ventral setae 1 – 4." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883171/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
, except 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FC7C62BCFBD1FF77" box="[927,1048,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">fI-v3, fI-p2</emphasis>
absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE88FEC1FF2462DFFD15FE57" blockId="258.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">
Abdomen broad, oval (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FE2F62DFFDA4FF5B" box="[460,621,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 427 – 428" captionStartId="259.[151,264,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,434,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@259.[151,1436,409,1924]" captionTargetPageId="259" captionText="FIGURES 427 – 428. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 427, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 428, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883384/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Figs 427–428</figureCitation>
). Tergopleurites triangular, with anterior margin deeply indented around spiracle openings; tergopleurites II–IX+X in male and tergopleurites II–VIII in female widely separated medianly. Sternal plates small, crescent-shaped, not approaching lateral margins of abdomen. Tergopleurites do not or only barely reach ventral surface of abdomen. Pleural incrassations very slender. Re-entrant heads short, broad, blunt. 
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFE88FEC1FF74636FFF18FE2B" box="[151,209,367,392]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Male</collectingRegion>
subgenital plate rounded triangular, not reaching posterior margin of abdomen. Female subgenital plate roughly T-shaped, reaching vulval margin where it flares into partial cross-piece (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FBCB6394FB45FE0F" box="[1064,1164,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Fig. 430</figureCitation>
). Abdominal chaetotaxy as in 
<tableCitation id="460A0344FE88FEC1FF3963B7FEF8FE73" box="[218,305,439,464]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="30.[151,239,796,819]" captionText="TABLE 2. Summary of abdominal chaetotaxy of segments II – VIII for the Brueelia - complex, including both genera and subgenera. In genera where chaetotaxy differs between species group (marked with *), only that of the type species is given here, and more detailed accounts are given separately under the respective genus entries and in Tables 3 – 12. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all genera, and are not listed. Abbreviations: ps = paratergal seta; aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; tps = tergal posterior seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta." pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Table 2</tableCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FE8C63B7FDD9FE73" box="[367,528,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 427 – 428" captionStartId="259.[151,264,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1436,434,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@259.[151,1436,409,1924]" captionTargetPageId="259" captionText="FIGURES 427 – 428. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 427, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 428, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883384/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Figs 427–428</figureCitation>
. Vulval margin (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FD3563B7FCF2FE73" box="[726,827,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 429 – 430" captionStartId="260.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[207,1390,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@260.[183,1403,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURES 429 – 430. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 429, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 430, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883386/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Fig. 430</figureCitation>
) with slender 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FC0663B9FBD8FE73" box="[997,1041,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">vms</emphasis>
, thorn-like 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FB7F63B9FB77FE73" box="[1180,1214,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">vss</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FB3263B9FB3FFE73" box="[1233,1270,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">vos</emphasis>
follow lateral margins of subgenital plate; distal 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FDFA63DDFDF7FE57" box="[537,574,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">vos</emphasis>
approach 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FD5063DDFD1CFE57" box="[691,725,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">vss</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE88FEC1FF2463FFFE14FC94" blockId="258.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFE88FEC1FF2463FFFEC8FDBB" box="[199,257,511,536]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Male</collectingRegion>
genitalia unique within 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FDFF63FFFDB4FDBB" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[540,637,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FDFF63FFFDB4FDBB" box="[540,637,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Brueelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-complex (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FD1B63FFFC53FDBB" box="[760,922,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Figs 431–436</figureCitation>
). Basal apodeme rectangular, flaring slightly proximally. Distal ends of basal apodeme extended laterally into angular lateral plates, larger 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FB076024FF23FDC3" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ansari" baseAuthorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="husaini" subSpecies="husaini">
in 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FAE66024FF23FDC3" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Buphagoecus husaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FF196047FE93FDC3" box="[250,346,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Fig. 431</figureCitation>
) than 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FE416047FDAAFDC3" box="[418,611,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="husaini" subSpecies="prominens">
in 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FE236049FE16FDC3" box="[448,479,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Bo</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FE0D6049FDAAFDC3" box="[494,611,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">prominens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FD976047FD11FDC3" box="[628,728,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Fig. 434</figureCitation>
). Proximal mesosome broadly fishtail-shaped, thickened along most of margin, overlapping basal apodeme. Gonopore (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FCC7606CFC0FFD26" box="[804,966,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Figs 432, 435</figureCitation>
) small, ventral. Mesosomal lobes broad, rounded, extending distal to gonopore into large (
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FD2D608FFCA6FD0B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ansari" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[718,879,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="husaini" subSpecies="husaini">
in 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FD0D6091FCC4FD0B" box="[750,781,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Bo</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FCFE608FFCA6FD0B" box="[797,879,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">husaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FC9C608FFC28FD0B" box="[895,993,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Fig. 432</figureCitation>
) or small (
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FBBC608FFAEAFD0B" box="[1119,1315,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="husaini" subSpecies="prominens">
in 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FB9C6091FB57FD0B" box="[1151,1182,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Bu</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FB4D6091FAEAFD0B" box="[1198,1315,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">prominens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FAD0608FFA5DFD0B" box="[1331,1428,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Fig. 435</figureCitation>
) bilobed section. Bilobed section with 3+2 setae 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FD5860B4FC93FD6E" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ansari" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[699,858,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="husaini" subSpecies="husaini">
in 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FD3A60B5FD31FD6F" box="[729,760,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Bo</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FCEB60B4FC93FD6E" box="[776,858,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">husaini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but only 2–3 visible setae 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FB6C60B4FA9BFD6F" box="[1167,1362,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="husaini" subSpecies="prominens">
in 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FB4D60B5FB04FD6F" box="[1198,1229,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Bu</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FB3E60B5FA9BFD6F" box="[1245,1362,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">prominens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FA8160B5FA55FD6F" box="[1378,1436,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">ames</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FF2860D9FECDFD53" box="[203,260,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">pmes</emphasis>
not distinguishable with certainty. Parameral heads (
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFE88FEC1FC9460D7FBD7FD53" box="[887,1054,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Figs 433, 436</figureCitation>
) moderate, triangular. Parameral blades curved, broad, tapering only distally; 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FD7C60FCFD07FCB7" box="[671,718,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">pst1</emphasis>
sensillus, central, near distal tip of paramere; 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FB0C60FCFAD7FCB7" box="[1263,1310,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">pst2</emphasis>
microseta, central, closely distal to 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FE4B6120FE1FFC9B" box="[424,470,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">pst1</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43926574FE88FEC1FF246144FC0BFC06" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE88FEC1FF246144FAD7FC23" blockId="258.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FF246144FE56FCFE" bold="true" box="[199,415,836,861]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Host distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FE486144FD8BFCFE" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[427,578,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FE486144FD8BFCFE" box="[427,578,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FE88FEC1FDAE6144FD68FCFE" box="[589,673,836,861]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FDAE6144FD68FCFE" bold="true" box="[589,673,836,861]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">n. gen.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is known only from the two species of oxpeckers in the family 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FF746167FEE8FC23" box="[151,289,871,896]" class="Aves" family="Buphagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Buphagidae</taxonomicName>
. This family is the sister group to all 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FD236167FCE2FC23" box="[704,811,871,896]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sturnidae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FC816167FAD3FC23" authority="(Lovette &amp; Rubenstein 2007)" baseAuthorityName="Lovette &amp; Rubenstein" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[866,1306,871,896]" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
Mimidae (
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFE88FEC1FC366168FADAFC23" author="Lovette" box="[981,1299,871,896]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" refString="Lovette, I. J. &amp; Rubenstein, D. R. (2007) A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the starlings (Aves: Sturnidae) and mockingbirds (Aves: Mimidae): Congruent mtDNA and nuclear trees for a cosmopolitan avian radiation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 44, 1031 - 1056." type="journal article" year="2007">Lovette &amp; Rubenstein 2007</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE88FEC1FF24618CFC0BFC06" blockId="258.[151,1437,151,1184]" box="[199,962,908,933]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FF24618CFE72FC06" bold="true" box="[199,443,908,933]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Geographical range.</emphasis>
Both hosts are limited to Sub-Saharan Africa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43926574FE88FEC1FF2461AFFCE4FC4E" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE88FEC1FF2461AFFCE4FC4E" blockId="258.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FF2461AFFE87FC6B" bold="true" box="[199,334,943,968]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Etymology.</emphasis>
The genus name is derives from the generic name of the hosts, 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FBD761AFFA82FC6B" authority="Brisson, 1760" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1760" box="[1076,1355,943,968]" class="Aves" family="Buphagidae" genus="Buphagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FBD761AFFB6DFC6B" box="[1076,1188,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Buphagus</emphasis>
Brisson, 1760
</taxonomicName>
with a suffix from Greek “ 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FE9761D4FE66FC4E" box="[372,431,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">oikos</emphasis>
” for “house”. Gender: masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43926574FE88FEC1FF2461F7FE98FB4B" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE88FEC1FF2461F7FABDFB03" blockId="258.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FF2461F7FEF2FBB3" bold="true" box="[199,315,1015,1040]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FEA761F7FE12FBB3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[324,475,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FEA761F7FE12FBB3" box="[324,475,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not represented in the phylogeny of Bush 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FC1861F9FBE7FBB3" box="[1019,1070,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">et al</emphasis>
. (2016), and its relationships to other genera, particularly 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FE5B661CFD80FB96" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[440,585,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FE5B661CFD80FB96" box="[440,585,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are unknown. The “head louse” ecomorph appears to have evolved several times within the 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FE84663FFE0EFBFB" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[359,455,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FE84663FFE0EFBFB" box="[359,455,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Brueelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-complex, resulting in genera that are superficially similar in general habitus, but dissimilar in the details of the preantennal and genital structures as well abdominal chaetotaxy (i.e. 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FAEE6664FE17FB03" authority="Buphagoecus, Manucodicola" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FAEE6664FA5CFBDF" box="[1293,1429,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Bizarrifrons</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FF746687FEE7FB03" box="[151,302,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Buphagoecus</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FEDF6687FE17FB03" box="[316,478,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Manucodicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FE88FEC1FE076687FDFBFB03" box="[484,562,1159,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FE076687FDFBFB03" bold="true" box="[484,562,1159,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">n. gen.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FDA26689FD52FB03" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[577,667,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nemuus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FDA26689FD52FB03" box="[577,667,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Nemuus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FE88FEC1FD416687FD39FB03" box="[674,752,1159,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FD416687FD39FB03" bold="true" box="[674,752,1159,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">n. gen.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FD1C6689FBA6FB03" authority="Schizosairhynchus" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[767,1135,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FD1C6689FC58FB03" box="[767,913,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Rostrinirmus</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FC7C6687FBA6FB03" box="[927,1135,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FE88FEC1FB956687FB0DFB03" box="[1142,1220,1159,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FB956687FB0DFB03" bold="true" box="[1142,1220,1159,1184]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">n. gen.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FB316687FAAAFB03" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[1234,1379,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FB316687FAAAFB03" box="[1234,1379,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE88FEC1FF7466CFFE98FB4B" blockId="258.[151,918,1231,1328]" box="[151,337,1231,1256]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Included species</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43926574FE88FEC1FF7466F4FC5FFA8C" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFE88FEC1FF7466F4FC5FFA8C" blockId="258.[151,918,1231,1328]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FF7466F4FF6BFAAE" box="[151,162,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FF4166F4FDF6FAAE" authority="(Ansari, 1968)" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ansari" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[162,575,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="husaini" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FF4166F4FE5FFAAE" box="[162,406,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Buphagoecus husaini</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFE88FEC1FE4766F4FDFEFAAE" author="Ansari" box="[420,567,1268,1293]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" refString="Ansari, R. A. M. (1968) A review of the biting louse genus Sturnidoecus Elchler [sic] 1944 (Philopteridae: Mallophaga) found on the bird family Sturnidae (Passeriformes). Pakistan Journal of Health, 17, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1968">Ansari, 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FE88FEC1FDA566F5FD61FAAE" box="[582,680,1268,1293]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
[in 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FD3766F4FCACFAAE" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[724,869,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FD3766F4FCACFAAE" box="[724,869,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] * 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FF466717FDABFA93" authority="(Ansari, 1968)" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ansari" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[165,610,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prominens" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FF466717FE71FA93" box="[165,440,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Buphagoecus prominens</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFE88FEC1FE246717FD93FA93" author="Ansari" box="[455,602,1303,1328]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" refString="Ansari, R. A. M. (1968) A review of the biting louse genus Sturnidoecus Elchler [sic] 1944 (Philopteridae: Mallophaga) found on the bird family Sturnidae (Passeriformes). Pakistan Journal of Health, 17, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1968">Ansari, 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FE88FEC1FD8A6717FD06FA93" box="[617,719,1303,1328]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FD8A6717FD06FA93" bold="true" box="[617,719,1303,1328]" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
[in 
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFE88FEC1FD1F6717FC44FA93" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[764,909,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="258" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFE88FEC1FD1F6717FC44FA93" box="[764,909,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="258" pageNumber="259">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>