352 lines
40 KiB
XML
352 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="33E12596CE74137E3205BE9568FBAB2F">The genus Symmela Erichson, 1835 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini): taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A0C43B220F50E12823D20F360D251FC8">Wipfler, Benedict</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1185AD6D47BA6F1D8B4C235B35BB596E">Monné, Marcela L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F9A3C4826E3BA4926E4466F5C7A89BEC">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CBBCCD31A58E436B8FBF3ECDD2D365E8">2022-07-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F1220E55B2A5A3C38C540190AD88B50D">9 - 12</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="D543FE592102FFD0FF40FD093D1AFD57" blockId="52.[250,1065,740,766]" box="[250,1065,740,766]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">
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<heading id="8E0B49352102FFD0FF40FD093D1AFD57" bold="true" box="[250,1065,740,766]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2102FFD0FF40FD093A8CFD57" authority="Pacheco, Wipfler, Monne and Ahrens" authorityName="Pacheco, Wipfler, Monne and Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[250,959,740,766]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinezi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E788224B2102FFD0FF40FD0938D5FD57" bold="true" box="[250,486,740,766]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Symmela martinezi</emphasis>
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Pacheco, Wipfler, Monné and Ahrens
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCBB9F302102FFD0FC7CFD093D1AFD57" box="[966,1065,740,766]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD22102FFD0FDBFFCF53A2DFC9B" box="[517,798,792,818]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D543FE592102FFD0FDBFFCF53A2DFC9B" blockId="52.[517,798,792,818]" box="[517,798,792,818]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">
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(
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<figureCitation id="4DC7E2DC2102FFD0FDB7FCF53BB9FC9B" box="[525,650,792,818]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[160,225,1671,1694]" captionTargetBox="[235,1107,142,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-3@53.[208,1108,142,1654]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Symmela martinezi sp.nov., holotype ♂. (a) Habitus, dorsal view; (b) habitus,lateral view;(c) parameres (including extracted endophallus), dorsal view; (d) aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm; c, d = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012560/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Figures 17</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="4DC7E2DC2102FFD0FD2FFCF53B86FC9B" box="[661,693,792,818]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="86.[160,225,1430,1453]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,142,1413]" captionTargetId="figure-75@86.[163,1153,142,1413]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="Figure 29. Distribution map of the Symmela species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012584/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">29</figureCitation>
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(c), 31(a))
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD22102FFD0FF1AFC913B54FB67" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D543FE592102FFD0FF1AFC91388CFC3F" blockId="52.[160,1157,892,1230]" box="[160,447,892,918]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">
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<emphasis id="E788224B2102FFD0FF1AFC91388CFC3F" bold="true" box="[160,447,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Type material examined</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FF1AFC733DB2FC72" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866435" collectionCode="CMNC" collectorName="A. Martinez" location="Iguazu" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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.
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<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02102FFD0FE9BFC4D3806FC1E" box="[289,309,928,951]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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‘
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<collectorName id="78099B8F2102FFD0FEF8FC723B0AFC11" box="[322,569,927,952]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Argentina Misiones P</collectorName>
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°
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<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FDF6FC723BA4FC11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FDF6FC723BA4FC11" box="[588,663,927,952]" name="Iguazu" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Iguazú</location>
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Duret
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</collectorName>
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legit.
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<collectorName id="78099B8F2102FFD0FC96FC723D3FFC11" box="[812,1036,927,952]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Coll. Martinez Sept.</collectorName>
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947/
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<collectorName id="78099B8F2102FFD0FBE8FC723895FC72" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">H. & A. Howden Collection</collectorName>
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ex.
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<collectorName id="78099B8F2102FFD0FE5BFC2F3B5AFC72" box="[481,617,962,987]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">A. Martinez</collectorName>
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coll./ 27 Neotropical Sericini spec.’ (
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FF1AFC083AE7FC57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866476" box="[160,980,997,1022]" collectorName="Iguazu Duret" country="Argentina" location="Argentina Misiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="0A4740FB2102FFD0FF1AFC083821FC57" box="[160,274,997,1022]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<emphasis id="E788224B2102FFD0FE9BFC0838A8FC57" bold="true" box="[289,411,997,1022]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">
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<collectingCountry id="ADEBBEC92102FFD0FE9BFC0838A8FC57" box="[289,411,997,1022]" name="Argentina" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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:
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<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02102FFD0FE16FC0838E9FC55" box="[428,474,997,1022]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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‘
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<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FE52FC083BF8FC57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FE52FC083BF8FC57" box="[488,715,997,1022]" country="Argentina" name="Argentina Misiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Argentina Misiones</location>
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P°
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<collectorName id="78099B8F2102FFD0FD40FC083AA1FC57" box="[762,914,997,1022]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Iguazú Duret</collectorName>
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legit
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FC59FC083D22FC57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866327" box="[995,1041,997,1022]" collectorName="Iguazu Duret" country="Argentina" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Argentina Misiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">Coll</materialsCitation>
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. Martinez Sept. 947/ H. & A. Howden Collection ex. A. Martinez coll
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FC90FBEA39CBFBEA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866337" collectionCode="CMNC" country="Argentina" location="Neotropical Sericini" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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./ 27
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<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FCD8FBEA3D0EFB89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FCD8FBEA3D0EFB89" box="[866,1085,1031,1056]" country="Argentina" name="Neotropical Sericini" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Neotropical Sericini</location>
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spec.’ (
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<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2102FFD0FF1CFBC739C1FBEA" box="[166,242,1066,1091]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">CMNC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FEBBFBC73B80FBEA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866447" box="[257,691,1066,1091]" country="Argentina" elevation="200" location="Iguazu Nat" municipality="Missiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02102FFD0FEBBFBC73819FBE8" box="[257,298,1066,1091]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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‘ARG:
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<collectingMunicipality id="352764232102FFD0FEC8FBC738D2FBEA" box="[370,481,1066,1091]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Missiones</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<quantity id="120453BC2102FFD0FE50FBC73B03FBEA" box="[490,560,1066,1091]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" unit="m" value="200.0">
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</quantity>
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<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FD8DFBC73B80FBEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FD8DFBC73B80FBEA" box="[567,691,1066,1091]" country="Argentina" municipality="Missiones" name="Iguazu Nat" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Iguazu Nat</location>
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FD08FBC73A21FBEA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866513" box="[690,786,1066,1091]" country="Argentina" location="Park" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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.
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<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FD06FBC73BDFFBEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FD06FBC73BDFFBEA" box="[700,748,1066,1091]" country="Argentina" name="Park" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Park</location>
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23
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</materialsCitation>
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.XII.90–6.I.91 forest gen. colln.
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FBE5FBC73897FBCF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866516" collectionCode="CMNC" country="Argentina" location="Peck" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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S & J
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<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FF0AFBA039D4FBCF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FF0AFBA039D4FBCF" box="[176,231,1101,1126]" country="Argentina" name="Peck" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Peck</location>
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, 90–128’ (
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<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2102FFD0FEE8FBA038ADFBCF" box="[338,414,1101,1126]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">CMNC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FE16FBA038DAFB21" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866399" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Brazil" location="Brasilia Nova Friburgo" municipality="John Gray'" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="E788224B2102FFD0FE16FBA038DCFBCF" bold="true" box="[428,495,1101,1126]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">
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<collectingCountry id="ADEBBEC92102FFD0FE16FBA038DCFBCF" box="[428,495,1101,1126]" name="Brazil" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02102FFD0FE41FBA03B10FBCD" box="[507,547,1101,1126]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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‘
|
||
<collectingRegion id="173830BB2102FFD0FD91FBA03BFAFBCF" box="[555,713,1101,1126]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="352764232102FFD0FD75FBA03A77FBCF" box="[719,836,1101,1126]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">John Gray’</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2102FFD0FCEAFBA03A93FBCF" box="[848,928,1101,1126]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02102FFD0FC14FBA03AD9FBCD" box="[942,1002,1101,1126]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
‘
|
||
<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FC48FBA03832FB21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FC48FBA03832FB21" country="Brazil" municipality="John Gray'" name="Brasilia Nova Friburgo" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Brasilia Nova Friburgo</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2102FFD0FEA8FB8238DAFB21" authority="Er." authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1835" box="[274,489,1135,1160]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Symela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="instabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2102FFD0FEA8FB8238FBFB21" box="[274,456,1135,1160]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Symela instabilis</emphasis>
|
||
Er
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
./
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FE47FB823AC2FB21" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866505" box="[509,1009,1135,1160]" collectionCode="ZMHB, ZFMK" country="Brazil" location="Neotropical Sericini" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
56
|
||
<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FD98FB823BCDFB21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FD98FB823BCDFB21" box="[546,766,1135,1160]" country="Brazil" name="Neotropical Sericini" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Neotropical Sericini</location>
|
||
spec.’ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2102FFD0FCE8FB823AA8FB21" box="[850,923,1135,1160]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2102FFD0FC1DFB823AD8FB21" box="[935,1003,1135,1160]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02102FFD0FC46FB823D14FB2E" box="[1020,1063,1135,1160]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
‘Brasilia coll
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FF73FB7F3B59FB02" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866376" box="[201,618,1170,1195]" collectionCode="ZMHB" country="Brazil" location="Moser" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FF6FFB7F3828FB02" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FF6FFB7F3828FB02" box="[213,283,1170,1195]" country="Brazil" name="Moser" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Moser</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2102FFD0FE96FB7F3B3AFB02" authority="Er." authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1835" box="[300,521,1170,1195]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Symela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="instabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2102FFD0FE96FB7F38D1FB02" box="[300,482,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Symela instabilis</emphasis>
|
||
Er.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2102FFD0FDA0FB7F3B57FB02" box="[538,612,1170,1195]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FDCCFB7F3D0AFB02" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866474" box="[630,1081,1170,1195]" collectionCode="ZMHB" country="Brazil" location="Brasil" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02102FFD0FDCCFB7F3B93FB00" box="[630,672,1170,1195]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
‘
|
||
<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FD11FB7F3BD9FB02" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FD11FB7F3BD9FB02" box="[683,746,1170,1195]" country="Brazil" name="Brasil" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Brasil</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2102FFD0FD41FB7F3AEBFB02" authority="Er." authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1835" box="[763,984,1170,1195]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Symela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="instabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2102FFD0FD41FB7F3A82FB02" box="[763,945,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Symela instabilis</emphasis>
|
||
Er.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2102FFD0FC53FB7F3D00FB02" box="[1001,1075,1170,1195]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FBFFFB7F3886FB67" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866455" country="Brazil" location="Brasilia Nova Friburgo" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="C3FA35D02102FFD0FBFFFB7F3DB0FB00" box="[1093,1155,1170,1195]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
‘
|
||
<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FF18FB5838AEFB67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FF18FB5838AEFB67" box="[162,413,1205,1230]" country="Brazil" name="Brasilia Nova Friburgo" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Brasilia Nova Friburgo</location>
|
||
b
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6594F4042102FFD0FE7AFB583B57FB67" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866303" box="[448,612,1205,1230]" collectionCode="ZMHB" country="Brazil" location="Beske'" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="D023A8822102FFD0FE7AFB583B35FB67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822102FFD0FE7AFB583B35FB67" box="[448,518,1205,1230]" country="Brazil" name="Beske'" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Beske’</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3ED669C2102FFD0FDA9FB583B6EFB67" box="[531,605,1205,1230]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD22102FFD3FF1AFAEB389BFEFC" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="662" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592102FFD0FF1AFAEB3815FA89" blockId="52.[160,1156,1286,1728]" box="[160,294,1286,1312]" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2102FFD0FF1AFAEB3815FA89" bold="true" box="[160,294,1286,1312]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592102FFD2FF1AFAC73B88FF44" blockId="52.[160,1156,1286,1728]" lastBlockId="54.[160,1156,142,1727]" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="661" pageId="52" pageNumber="659">
|
||
Length:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC2102FFD0FF44FAC73865FAEA" box="[254,342,1322,1347]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Elytral length:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC2102FFD0FDBCFAC73B7FFAEA" box="[518,588,1322,1347]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Width:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC2102FFD0FD13FAC73A32FAEA" box="[681,769,1322,1347]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="52" pageNumber="659" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head black, shiny and iridescent, with erect, sparse setae. Labroclypeus as wide as frons, subtrapezoidal; surface convex; plain, without an anterior concavity on each side; anterior margin straight, not elevated, with a rim of dense, short setae behind anterior margin; lateral margin not incised anteriorly; punctation of surface posteriorly dense; suture between labrum and clypeus invisible. Smooth area in front of eye distinctly separated from frons by a suture. Frons anteriorly flat, punctation irregular, moderately dense. Ocular canthus with terminal setae, ratio of length of ocular canthus/eye diameter: 1/3. Eyes evenly spherical, ratio of diameter/interocular width: 0.48. Antenna with eight antennomeres. Antennal club with three antennomeres, yellowish, straight; width of antennal lamella equal to width of antennomeres of funiculus; apical lamella subequal to basal and median ones; length ratio of antennal club vs remaining antennomeres combined: 1/1.1; length ratio of third vs fourth antennomere: 1/3; fourth antennomere without lateral projection; length ratio of fifth vs fourth antennomere: 1/3. Labrum anteriorly bluntly angled on each side, concave at middle. Setae on mentum moderately dense.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8183AED12103FFD1FF1AF96A384AF971" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012560" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012560/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="660" startId="53.[160,225,1671,1694]" targetBox="[235,1107,142,1639]" targetPageId="53">
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592103FFD1FF1AF96A384AF971" blockId="53.[160,1156,1671,1752]" pageId="53" pageNumber="660">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2103FFD1FF1AF96A3836F937" bold="true" box="[160,261,1671,1694]" pageId="53" pageNumber="660">Figure 17.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2103FFD1FEB0F96A388CF937" authority="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens, 2022" authorityName="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[266,447,1671,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="660" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinezi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2103FFD1FEB0F96A388CF937" box="[266,447,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="660">Symmela martinezi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCBB9F302103FFD1FE7FF96A3B20F937" box="[453,531,1671,1694]" pageId="53" pageNumber="660" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype ♂. (a) Habitus, dorsal view; (b) habitus, lateral view; (c) parameres (including extracted endophallus), dorsal view; (d) aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm; c, d = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592100FFD2FF7AFF1B3844FDC3" blockId="54.[160,1156,142,1727]" pageId="54" pageNumber="661">
|
||
Head and pronotum with copper iridescent shine. Pronotum unicoloured, iridescent, black; widest at middle, width distinctly narrower compared to width of elytral base at humerus; anterior marginal line not interrupted medially, posterior marginal line absent; lateral margin serrated, generally bent at middle, otherwise straight, behind anterior angles straight, posteriorly weakly convex; setae of lateral margin dense; basal margin evenly curved; transverse impression beside basal margin absent; anterior angles produced, rectangular; antero-lateral and postero-lateral angles not flattened dorso-ventrally; posterior angles blunt; surface with median longitudinal impression present over entire length of pronotum and two longitudinal furrows on each side, punctation on disc moderately dense, simple and fine, without well-defined impunctate areas.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2100FFD2FBAEFDC33DB0FDEE" box="[1044,1155,558,583]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="54" pageNumber="613" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scutellum</taxonomicName>
|
||
without punctures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592100FFD2FF7AFD993D30FD5C" blockId="54.[160,1156,142,1727]" pageId="54" pageNumber="661">Elytra bicoloured, yellowish brown in major part, dark spot on disc; surface opaque and iridescent, without setae and microsculpture; striae and intervals distinct; punctation between striae sparse, diameter of punctures compared to those of striae equal; intervals flat; posterior edge convex; apical margin chitinous, without microtrichomes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592100FFD2FF7AFD133B1FFC6C" blockId="54.[160,1156,142,1727]" pageId="54" pageNumber="661">
|
||
Abdomen: sternites flat in sagittal plane; lateral carina absent; first visible ventrite with row of setae on posterior edge; second visible ventrite with row of setae in medial region; basal ventrites medially of same length as laterally; ultimate and penultimate apical ventrites simple and flat; apical ventrite short (as long as preceding ventrite); penultimate apical ventrite with row of setae like preceding one; beside the robust row of setae, almost glabrous.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2100FFD2FEB5FC41384AFC6C" box="[271,377,940,965]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="613" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pygidium</taxonomicName>
|
||
weakly convex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592100FFD2FF7AFC233BEFF934" blockId="54.[160,1156,142,1727]" pageId="54" pageNumber="661">Legs yellow. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa: 1/1.33. Metacoxa entirely plain, without elevated lateral longitudinal carina; with longer lateral bristles, without setae on basal surface, posterior margin glabrous. Metafemur with posterior margin straight. Metatibia widest at apex; ratio of width/length: 1/3.65; dorsal margin not carinated, smooth; interior surface more or less glabrous; median longitudinal punctation present on interior surface; interior margin of apex sharply and deeply truncate towards ventral margin; punctation on entire lateral face present; beside dorsal margin without a row of robust setae along entire length; basal group of spines reduced to a single robust spine; distal groups of spines disposed at two-thirds of metatibia length; ventral margin not serrated. Dorsal surface of tarsi glabrous, with dense punctures. Length ratio of dorsal tibial spur/first metatarsomere: 1/2.5. Metatarsi at apex weakly widened; first tarsomere straight, its length subequal to second and third tarsomeres combined; laterally not carinate; ventral margin serrated; ventral margin setose, ventral setae standing in a narrow line, robust and sparse (mainly in apical half of tarsomeres); medial face glabrous. Protibia with three indistinct, equidistant teeth; third basal tooth smaller than medium tooth; spur straight. First protarsomere curved, its length subequal to second and third combined; width ratio of first protarsomere vs second protarsomere: 1.5/1; second protarsomere enlarged; third and fourth protarsomere elongate and narrow (distinctly longer than wide); fifth protarsomere circular in cross section, a little shorter than third and fourth protarsomere combined. Protarsal claws asymmetrical, shape of inner protarsal claw bifid, apex of basal tooth of inner protarsal claw convex.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592100FFD2FF7AF94B38E8F916" blockId="54.[160,1156,142,1727]" box="[192,475,1702,1727]" pageId="54" pageNumber="661">
|
||
Aedeagus:
|
||
<figureCitation id="4DC7E2DC2100FFD2FE86F94B389BF916" box="[316,424,1702,1727]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="53.[160,225,1671,1694]" captionTargetBox="[235,1107,142,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-3@53.[208,1108,142,1654]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figure 17. Symmela martinezi sp.nov., holotype ♂. (a) Habitus, dorsal view; (b) habitus,lateral view;(c) parameres (including extracted endophallus), dorsal view; (d) aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: a, b = 1 mm; c, d = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012560/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="661">Figure 17</figureCitation>
|
||
(c,d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592101FFD3FF1AFF63383DFF01" blockId="55.[160,1156,142,341]" box="[160,270,142,168]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FF1AFF63383DFF01" bold="true" box="[160,270,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592101FFD3FF1AFF5F389BFEFC" blockId="55.[160,1156,142,341]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">
|
||
Length:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC2101FFD3FF40FF5F384DFF62" box="[250,382,178,203]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" unit="mm" value="7.15" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="6.8">6.8–7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Elytral length:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC2101FFD3FD9FFF5F3BA5FF62" box="[549,662,178,203]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" unit="mm" value="4.2" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="4.0">4–4.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Width:
|
||
<quantity id="120453BC2101FFD3FD57FF5F3A42FF62" box="[749,881,178,203]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="3.6">3.6–3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Elytra from entirely dark brown to yellow with reduced central dark spot. Female: protarsi fine and narrow; protarsal claws symmetric, the basal tooth of interior claw sharply pointed at apex; antennal club short than in male, length ratio of antennal club vs remaining antennomeres combined: 1/1.5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD22101FFD3FF1AFE6B3BD8FD1C" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592101FFD3FF1AFE6B3827FE09" blockId="55.[160,1156,390,693]" box="[160,276,390,416]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FF1AFE6B3827FE09" bold="true" box="[160,276,390,416]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592101FFD3FF1AFE473BD8FD1C" blockId="55.[160,1156,390,693]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2101FFD3FF1AFE473847FE6A" authority="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens, 2022" authorityName="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[160,372,426,451]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinezi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FF1AFE473847FE6A" box="[160,372,426,451]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">Symmela martinezi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCBB9F302101FFD3FEC5FE4738E9FE6A" box="[383,474,426,451]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is in external appearance and the shape of the aedeagus similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2101FFD3FEA8FE213B1FFE4C" authority="Erichson, 1835" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1835" box="[274,556,460,485]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FEA8FE21384CFE4C" box="[274,383,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">S. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B16D83A82101FFD3FE32FE213B1FFE4C" author="Erichson WF" box="[392,556,460,485]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" pagination="256 - 270" refId="ref42712" refString="Erichson WF. 1835. Neue Sudamerikanische Kafergattungen aus der Familie der Blatterhorner. Arch Naturgeschichte. 1: 256 - 270." type="journal article" year="1835">Erichson, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2101FFD3FD80FE213A3FFE4C" authority="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens, 2022" authorityName="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[570,780,460,485]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinezi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FD80FE213A3FFE4C" box="[570,780,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">Symmela martinezi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCBB9F302101FFD3FCAFFE213A5EFE4C" box="[789,877,460,485]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs externally by the straight interior terminal protibial spine, which is in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2101FFD3FD4FFE023A51FDA1" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1835" box="[757,866,495,520]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FD4FFE023A51FDA1" box="[757,866,495,520]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">S. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
curved interiorly, and, of course, in the shape of the aedeagus, parameres and subparameres and the strongly sclerotised endophallus. The latter is externally well visible. The parameres are in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2101FFD3FF1AFDBA3810FDD9" authorityName="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[160,291,599,624]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinezi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FF1AFDBA3810FDD9" box="[160,291,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">S. martinezi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
narrower and distinctly curved, the aedeagus generally less robust (more narrow); the subparameres are in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2101FFD3FDA9FD973BA2FD3A" authorityName="Pacheco & Wipfler & Monné & Ahrens" authorityYear="2022" box="[531,657,634,659]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinezi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FDA9FD973BA2FD3A" box="[531,657,634,659]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">S. martinezi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mesally contiguous in the basal half, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12FC85DA2101FFD3FF1AFD713838FD1C" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1835" box="[160,267,668,693]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Symmela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FF1AFD713838FD1C" box="[160,267,668,693]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">S. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are divergent from the base onward.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9DE6ADD22101FFD3FF1AFD0B3A2FFCC1" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592101FFD3FF1AFD0B382EFCA9" blockId="55.[160,1155,742,872]" box="[160,285,742,768]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">
|
||
<emphasis id="E788224B2101FFD3FF1AFD0B382EFCA9" bold="true" box="[160,285,742,768]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D543FE592101FFD3FF1AFCE43A2FFCC1" blockId="55.[160,1155,742,872]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">
|
||
This species is named after A.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6594F4042101FFD3FDAEFCE43A2BFCC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3892866404" country="Argentina" location="Martinez" municipality="South American" pageId="55" pageNumber="662" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="D023A8822101FFD3FDAEFCE43B49FC8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D554F4F2102FFD3FF40FD093A2FFCC1:D023A8822101FFD3FDAEFCE43B49FC8B" box="[532,634,777,802]" country="Argentina" municipality="South American" name="Martinez" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">Martínez</location>
|
||
, an
|
||
<collectingCountry id="ADEBBEC92101FFD3FD0BFCE43A11FC8B" box="[689,802,777,802]" name="Argentina" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">Argentine</collectingCountry>
|
||
entomologist who has made numerous contributions to our knowledge of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="352764232101FFD3FD0CFCC13A5FFCEC" box="[694,876,812,837]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">South American</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
scarabs and one of the collectors of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0A4740FB2101FFD3FEE7FCA238BCFCC1" box="[349,399,847,872]" pageId="55" pageNumber="662">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens (noun in genitive case)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |