167 lines
18 KiB
XML
167 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="01578FED5BF245EF48AE5F99E1A8870D" ID-CLB-Dataset="32399" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad746972-3837-4f1d-bf97-c09e5d7f1bd5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="843325" ID-ZooBank="EFE86EDD-D170-4D97-87D9-3125400713EC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1502790552672" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka & Griffiths, Charles" docDate="2017" docId="03FE87F0FFBCFFC7FF57FD10FED8FB0A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4296.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4296 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chaetodiadema africanum H. L. Clark 1925" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="FFC7FF88FFA7FFDCFFC0FF97FFC9FFF3" masterDocTitle="Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698466659567" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="6AF60E86D21FBF9EA69273971B0B9CB3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="57046BB910EEA835AE89226A43E4CCFB">
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<mods:title id="A104A0809CFB138CD5F2FE8D6489F206">Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7EC8363E6B524FC6917CC4CAE601CD7E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D1D7E698127125CC7735C8BF4F3AC05D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B652C3C0C5D05E31898700578A62D67C">Filander, Zoleka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="08B8E3E8B68808830E295F1FB33DDA2E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="08A1DF02B546A4640EDA116CDB489D3C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B5383D85BA2FF0D5390638371A7BA50B">Griffiths, Charles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F5D1A6C33500291C2E56DDA3CC256F7E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6A7430E3CE5A2BD2D7EC7D606304E60D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3D692B06E571A49FBCA62ED29B7D5B4B">
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<mods:date id="92E8BE1D96DE772356A3AADF54FD3590">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="FAE8AC985393F157B0BFCFEEABC2040B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D17EFC0C28676F24261C5FB413CB101A">4296</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="83AFD895C25D8F8A3C12E88AEEA739E9" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F7FA65B273B24A076591CE8B2192FF5C">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4EF3AA6D7067C0164EEB738E934873F8" type="CLB-Dataset">32399</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B319B967F422948333630DB026A40659" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FE87F0FFBCFFC7FF57FD10FED8FB0A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022654" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132650299" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022654" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87F0FFBCFFC7FF57FD10FED8FB0A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87F0FFBCFFC7FF57FD10FED8FB0A" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFBCFFC7FF57FD10FEE3FD31" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFBCFFC7FF57FD10FD08FD52" blockId="27.[151,705,647,707]" box="[151,705,647,673]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="D0A0818AFFBCFFC7FF57FD10FD08FD52" bold="true" box="[151,705,647,673]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FF57FD10FD08FD52" ID-CoL="TBRY" authority="H. L. Clark, 1925 c" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,705,647,673]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Chaetodiadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="africanum">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF57FD10FD08FD52" bold="true" box="[151,705,647,673]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF57FD10FE12FD52" bold="true" box="[151,475,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Chaetodiadema africanum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFBCFFC7FE21FD10FD08FD52" author="Clark" box="[481,705,647,673]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Clark, H. L. (1925 c) Echinoderms from the South African Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Part I: Sea-Urchins (Echinoidea). Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 4, 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1925" yearSuffix="c">H.L. Clark, 1925c</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFBCFFC7FF57FD3DFEE3FD31" blockId="27.[151,705,647,707]" box="[151,298,682,707]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFBCFFC7FF57FD3DFF2FFD30" box="[151,230,682,707]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1979,2001]" captionTargetBox="[366,1244,1332,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[340,1247,1329,1957]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 26. Chaetodiadema africanum. A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of adult preserved specimen (MBC- 077779). C. Aboral view of juvenile preserved specimen (SAMC-A 23717)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843379/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
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A–C.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFBCFFC7FF57FD65FDCCFCB6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFBCFFC7FF57FD65FDFAFCFB" blockId="27.[151,1436,754,837]" box="[151,563,754,776]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FFBCFFC7FF57FD65FDFAFCFB" box="[151,563,754,776]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FF57FD65FE30FCFB" ID-CoL="J54S" authority=": Bell, 1904: 168" authorityName=": Bell" authorityPageNumber="168" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,505,754,776]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Astropyga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="radiata">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF57FD65FE86FCFB" box="[151,335,754,776]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Astropyga radiata</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFBCFFC7FE9CFD65FE30FCFB" author="Bell" box="[348,505,754,776]" page="168" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1904">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFBCFFC7FE9CFD65FE00FCFB" author="Bell" box="[348,457,754,776]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Bell, F. J. (1904) The Echinodermata found off the coast of South Africa. I. Echinoidea. Marine Investigations in South Africa, 3, 167 - 175." type="journal article" year="1904">Bell, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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: 168
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–169.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFBCFFC7FF57FC87FDCCFCB6" blockId="27.[151,1436,754,837]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FFBCFFC7FF57FC87FDCCFCB6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FF57FC87FDB1FCD5" ID-CoL="TBRY" authority="H. L. Clark, 1924: 2" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,632,784,806]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Chaetodiadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="africanum">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF57FC87FE6FFCD5" box="[151,422,784,806]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Chaetodiadema africanum</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFBCFFC7FE6EFC86FDB1FCD5" author="Clark" box="[430,632,784,806]" page="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1924">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFBCFFC7FE6EFC86FD96FCD5" author="Clark" box="[430,607,784,806]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Clark, H. L. (1924) Echinoderms from the South African Fisheries and Marine Biology Survey. Part I. Sea-Urchins (Echinoidea). Report, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa, 4 (1), 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1924">H.L. Clark, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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: 2
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–3. Pl. I;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFBCFFC7FD17FC86FC70FCD5" author="Clark" box="[727,953,784,806]" page="49" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1925">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFBCFFC7FD17FC86FC5DFCD5" author="Clark" box="[727,916,784,806]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Clark, H. L. (1925 a) A Catalogue of the Recent Sea-urchins (Echinoidea) in the Collection of the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum, London, 250 pp." type="book" year="1925" yearSuffix="a">H.L. Clark, 1925a</bibRefCitation>
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: 49
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</treatmentCitation>
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–50;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFBCFFC7FC2CFC87FAADFCD5" author="Clark" box="[1004,1380,784,806]" page="224" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1976">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFBCFFC7FC2CFC87FAFBFCD5" author="Clark" box="[1004,1330,784,806]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Clark, A. & Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976</bibRefCitation>
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: 224
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</treatmentCitation>
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–225;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFBCFFC7FF07FCB8FE5BFCB6" author="Schultz" box="[199,402,815,837]" page="1131" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFBCFFC7FF07FCB8FE9DFCB6" author="Schultz" box="[199,340,815,837]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Schultz, H. (2011) Sea-Urchins III, Worldwide Regular Deep Water Species. 1 st Edition. Scientific Publications, Hemdingen, 1338 pp." type="book" year="2011">Schultz, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 1131
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</treatmentCitation>
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, Fig. 1989.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFBCFFC7FF57FCE5FBF4FC25" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFBCFFC7FF57FCE5FC76FC79" blockId="27.[151,1436,882,1274]" box="[151,959,882,907]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF57FCE5FE49FC78" bold="true" box="[151,384,882,907]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined.</emphasis>
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MBC-A077778; MBC-A077779; SAMC-A23717.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFBCFFC7FF07FC0EFBF4FC25" blockId="27.[151,1436,882,1274]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF07FC0EFEB9FC41" bold="true" box="[199,368,921,946]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Identification.</emphasis>
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Test yellow-greenish; aboral interambulacra naked, v-shaped, blue iridescent spots in live animal, appearing as dark marks in preserved specimen, but yellow on cleaned test.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFBCFFC7FF07FC72FE49FBB5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFBCFFC7FF07FC72FC88FC0E" blockId="27.[151,1436,882,1274]" box="[199,833,997,1022]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF07FC72FE1BFC0D" bold="true" box="[199,466,997,1022]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Global maximum size.</emphasis>
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Maximum test diameter
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<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFBCFFC7FD2BFC72FCF4FC0E" box="[747,829,997,1022]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFBCFFC7FF07FB9EFE49FBB5" blockId="27.[151,1436,882,1274]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF07FB9EFE7FFBD1" bold="true" box="[199,438,1033,1058]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Global distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to East coast of South Africa, at
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<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFBCFFC7FC6DFB9EFBE8FBD2" box="[941,1057,1033,1058]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="3.25" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="205.0" valueMax="325.0" valueMin="85.0">85–325 m</quantity>
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depth (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFBCFFC7FBBAFB9EFF1BFBB5" author="Clark" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Clark, A. & Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark & Courtman-Stock 1976</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFBCFFC7FF1DFBBAFEBDFBB5" author="Schultz" box="[221,372,1069,1094]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Schultz, H. (2011) Sea-Urchins III, Worldwide Regular Deep Water Species. 1 st Edition. Scientific Publications, Hemdingen, 1338 pp." type="book" year="2011">Schultz 2011</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFBCFFC7FF07FBC6FED8FB0A" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFBCFFC7FF07FBC6FED8FB0A" blockId="27.[151,1436,882,1274]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF07FBC6FEF2FB99" bold="true" box="[199,315,1105,1130]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Remarks.</emphasis>
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May be mistaken for
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FDFBFBC5FCC0FB99" authorityName=": Bell" authorityYear="1904" box="[571,777,1105,1130]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Astropyga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="radiata">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FDFBFBC5FCC0FB99" box="[571,777,1105,1130]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Astropyga radiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, but differs in test shape.
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FBF5FBC5FB02FB99" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1924" box="[1077,1227,1106,1130]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Chaetodiadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FBF5FBC5FB02FB99" box="[1077,1227,1106,1130]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. africanum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is flattened orally and aborally; whereas upper side of
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FDFCFBE1FD78FB7D" authorityName=": Bell" authorityYear="1904" box="[572,689,1141,1166]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Astropyga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="radiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FDFCFBE1FD78FB7D" box="[572,689,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A. radiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
is more convex. Color also distinguishes the two species, where adult
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FF16FB0DFE80FB41" authorityName=": Bell" authorityYear="1904" box="[214,329,1177,1202]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Astropyga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="radiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FF16FB0DFE80FB41" box="[214,329,1177,1202]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A. radiata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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is red with blue spots on naked interambulacra zones and adult
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FBDFFB0DFB7AFB41" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1924" box="[1055,1203,1178,1202]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Chaetodiadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="africanum">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FBDFFB0DFB7AFB41" box="[1055,1203,1178,1202]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. africanum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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pinkish. The genital plates and enlarged madreporite extending into the interambulacral area may also distinguish
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FB06FB29FAF3FB25" authorityName=": Bell" authorityYear="1904" box="[1222,1338,1213,1238]" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Astropyga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="radiata">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FB06FB29FAF3FB25" box="[1222,1338,1213,1238]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A. radiata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFBCFFC7FA42FB29FEC3FB09" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1924" class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Chaetodiadema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diadematoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFBCFFC7FA42FB29FEC3FB09" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. africanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |