215 lines
26 KiB
XML
215 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="C1CD3413767DB235E13969B6E9E234CE" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150" ID-PMC="PMC5019016" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-4-8150" ID-PubMed="27651730" ID-ZooBank="262DB958242246B692E61675C3C07DB1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828-4-e8150" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic monograph of the assassin bug genus Zelus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): 71 species based on 10,000 specimens" checkinTime="1468017173306" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Guanyang, Hart, Elwood R & Weirauch, Christiane" docDate="2016" docId="08BF9CDAEE3DEC9DB577A15FFE6B5EC9" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e8150" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150" docTitle="Zelus armillatus Lepeletier & Serville 1825" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="8150" masterDocId="4A3057496460FFD9AB7C4B75FFABFFBD" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic monograph of the assassin bug genus Zelus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): 71 species based on 10,000 specimens" masterLastPageNumber="8150" masterPageNumber="8150" pageNumber="8150" updateTime="1701316338966" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="0B3F5CEE0BC88504E924D610CB663CE6">A taxonomic monograph of the assassin bug genus Zelus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): 71 species based on 10,000 specimens</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AE6644CE5AF88EFBE8907DE2F036FEC3">Zhang, Guanyang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="20E3E70B2270DB34F1291E79BD358D70">Hart, Elwood R</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DE09ACF9DEFF7C9A0778DA76D9A0EBEE">Weirauch, Christiane</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="08BF9CDAEE3DEC9DB577A15FFE6B5EC9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:08BF9CDAEE3DEC9DB577A15FFE6B5EC9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/08BF9CDAEE3DEC9DB577A15FFE6B5EC9" lastPageNumber="8150" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<subSubSection id="82E205D5038D6713D76804C9324637BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C1309942A2FF037356B1F36FD8C9865B" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="73B6561542775DA865B3B79FAADC7BF3" ID-CoL="5D244" authority="Lepeletier & Serville, 1825" authorityName="Lepeletier & Serville" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus armillatus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armillatus">Zelus armillatus (Lepeletier & Serville, 1825)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AFE6035C55CC5E0EB5346C4CED26AC9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3C0F8D1F4861A361309F1BB41C25AA77" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="9A521B5B8B473E0C911EC355B3F6B53A" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Reduvius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Reduvius armillatus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armillatus">Reduvius armillatus</taxonomicName>
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Lepeletier and Serville, 1825, p. 278, orig. descr.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B1274AFEC407F826EECEE3153AE7D53E" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="440861B05F35CE9907446C83C1E81F81" family="Sparidae" genus="Diplodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diplodus armillatus" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armillatus">Diplodus armillatus</taxonomicName>
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: Amyot and Serville, 1843, p. 370, descr.;
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<normalizedToken id="B1D00F1B7E2ACA34EEEC421D41490549" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1860, p. 75, list; Walker, 1873, p. 123, cat.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A5716261FEEA67B09175E9A2C2166354" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="C377CB9E6B8DD5F63CF9D16633E4F7CA" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Euagoras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euagoras armillatus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armillatus">Euagoras armillatus</taxonomicName>
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: Herrich-Schaeffer, 1853, p. 91, list.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6248A6F67D14322B8E520CDA75193072" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="05DA315E72FEC5A848B30D73BC727132" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus armillatus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armillatus">Zelus armillatus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<normalizedToken id="68EDB89C8AD875E643BF863D05A56651" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1872, p. 90, cat. (subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="7642B706165F251392C571821C0D44D1" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera (Diplodus)" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Diplodus">Diplodus</taxonomicName>
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); Lethierry and Severin, 1896, p. 151, cat.; Wygodzinsky, 1949a, p. 49, checklist; Mayr, 1866, p. 138-139, senior syn. of
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<taxonomicName id="FE0BC2ABF47D31276E365AE2C09CFBA6" lsidName="Z. brasiliensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">Z. brasiliensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="C2ED6711B652447BECA14804E2493A09" lsidName="Z. aurantiacus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Z. aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="33B1CF67D05C9C4769B28E1FA16BD213" lsidName="Z. guttifer" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="guttifer">Z. guttifer</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="BD95D39781509CDF4347540C62D88DC2" lsidName="Z. conjungens" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="conjungens">Z. conjungens</taxonomicName>
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; Berg, 1879, p. 151-152, list and nymphs (subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="A8E760483C45E021EC6164347F1D665C" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera (Diplodus)" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Diplodus">Diplodus</taxonomicName>
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); Costa Lima, 1940, 218, list (subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="9EC4C1D113900B3DADB0B6BA7D25FDF3" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera (Diplocodus)" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Diplocodus">Diplocodus</taxonomicName>
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); Wygodzinsky, 1957, p. 268, note; Wygodzinsky, 1960; p. 307, list; Maldonado, 1990, p. 326, cat.; Van der Heyden, p. 85-90, new record (misidentification, should be
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<taxonomicName id="2F5AA2B434B91C28BBCE13F5E676AF0C" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus atripes" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">Zelus atripes</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A138FB04A4113CD95CE827125A28F6F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="06D4C776FD7C7D204690635C561B82E2" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Reduvius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Reduvius brasiliensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">Reduvius brasiliensis</taxonomicName>
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Lepeletier and Serville, 1825, p. 278, orig. descr.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5CA1D560AADBFC10EBD950E2E1EE6B84" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="25B3BA5D586F1F1A487385F76D164A2E" family="Sparidae" genus="Diplodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diplodus brasiliensis" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">Diplodus brasiliensis</taxonomicName>
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: Amyot and Serville, 1843, p. 370, descr.;
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<normalizedToken id="FF1FF7BDD382E5513B4FC0D550ED2205" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1860, p. 75, note; Mayr, 1866, p. 138- 139, junior syn. of
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<taxonomicName id="63B7B7E2D1EA5F9C420A47B48CC773AD" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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; Walker, 1873, p. 123, cat.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D0997B679C62A3D365C072FD5651B73" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="D02C6029109A23BD8212584B740DAFAF" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Euagoras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euagoras brasiliensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">Euagoras brasiliensis</taxonomicName>
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: Herrich-Schaeffer, 1853, p. 91, list.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DF1DD5CFF75745969B87534199926CEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="3401E8030627AC948B3C4A427BE3C8D9" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus brasiliensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">Zelus brasiliensis</taxonomicName>
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:
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<normalizedToken id="8C32E79508F7B785C6B97AB9CAEF047B" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1872, p. 90, cat. (subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="0567298F4B8AB02DBD9A93CDD1BA0949" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera (Diplodus)" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Diplodus">Diplodus</taxonomicName>
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); Lethierry and Severin, 1896, p. 151, junior syn. of
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<taxonomicName id="052FB5B4CEDB7D622E2B0488EA079971" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DECB52196DB263DE71354E71F738548E" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="C8C16814DD8AEDCCB51BDB063F984175" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Arilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arilus aurantiacus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Arilus aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
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Herrich-Schaeffer, 1848, p. 35-36 Tab. CCLXI. fig. 809, orig. descr. and fig.; Mayr, 1866, p. 138-139, junior syn. of
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<taxonomicName id="8C83601FA2CF41458D65A953CE2C8E2C" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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;
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<normalizedToken id="F9F187C6ACCB462A721AD4F88641F172" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1872, p. 90, junior syn. of
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<taxonomicName id="813DB06F5CC537F58189C24AC1C4BE63" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9DBE306389D4313A3473256AAFB02FAE" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="D243699F4B671EB52DBEFB200127936D" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Euagoras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euagoras aurantiacus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Euagoras aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
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: Herrich-Schaeffer, 1853, p. 91, list (aurantius (sic)).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D831B69663DB8C5DF4963FA0FA099F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01015F6715694C61B91864872C36B6" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploeogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ploeogaster aurantiacus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Ploeogaster aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
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: Herrich-Schaeffer, 1853, p. 168, list.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60B79894BA92793B9BA791EDAE6105D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="6AE4E9ECFEBC846C1F2D1D52E1868229" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Arilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arilus guttifer" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttifer">Arilus guttifer</taxonomicName>
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Herrich-Schaeffer, 1848, p. 36, Tab. CCLXI, fig. 810, orig. descr. and fig.; Mayr, 1866, p. 138-139, junior syn. of
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<taxonomicName id="55B4F4EE70C26740914033031B9558D9" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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;
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<normalizedToken id="B9909A491A14AFE0886ED421B40A79CF" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1872, p. 90, junior syn. of
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<taxonomicName id="A62D682CF41D3C6DDE561DECBB913F12" lsidName="Z. brasiliensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">Z. brasiliensis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="746145E182496F592A2557B030293356" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="131F1FF037CA4E81B68E94F89D55134A" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Euagoras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euagoras guttifer" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttifer">Euagoras guttifer</taxonomicName>
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: Herrich-Schaeffer, 1853, p. 92, list.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA132B3B8BCB6BB0238A606FF1D986FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="CE1BB212EAB0F949021D43D4250048F8" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Ploeogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ploeogaster guttifer" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttifer">Ploeogaster guttifer</taxonomicName>
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: Herrich-Schaeffer, 1853, p. 168, list.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4A8E35B70D56004B5E931F353AFDC084" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="33D98416D124C867C4D848F340C10C2B" family="Sparidae" genus="Diplodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diplodus guttifer" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttifer">Diplodus guttifer</taxonomicName>
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:
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<normalizedToken id="F938D1707B7E821B25FC4E431B9E0B0E" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1860, p. 74, descr.; Walker, 1873, p. 126, cat.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="80F3F2DB42352973A889EF345EA85F3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="3E2D9101F92B6DACAE1A50EFB55D8A4A" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus guttifer" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttifer">Zelus guttifer</taxonomicName>
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:
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<normalizedToken id="869FC31EABAFC766065D909CF2F21DA9" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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1862, p. 453, note.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="16EC3C9C17D53F95F9AE5EB58CF4E7C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="03491A94EDBD466240022FC97975DF5C" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Arilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arilus guttifer" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttifer">Arilus guttifer</taxonomicName>
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, Mayr, 1866, p. 138-139, junior syn. of
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<taxonomicName id="53F45A9D5103EC818C77385A1E464142" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="646B7064CCBF5784DE1D2374693F46A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FC916371E93060A934CFCC591E8C52B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5FEFF3FBCC943FFA2F9EDE9EA75476EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Figs 31, 32, 33, 34, 35</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7A24EF2DBE919633CDE9048A899221E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Male: (Fig. 31) Large, total length 17.15-19.02 mm (mean 17.87 mm, Suppl. material 2); robust. COLORATION: Highly variable, with varying combinations and amounts of yellow, yellowish-brown and brownish-black; margins of posterior pronotal lobe and corium yellowish, rest brownish-black as most common pattern, amount of black varies, sometimes almost entirely black; legs uniformly black or apically reddish, yellow-black banded in some specimens. Abdominal dorsal surface dark brown, segments with yellowish-brown posterior and lateral margins; lateral and ventral surfaces dark brown to brownish-black with lighter mid-ventral line or yellowish-brown with variable darker areas. Pygophore yellowish-brown to brownish-black, pattern variable. VESTITURE: Densely setose. Short recumbent and short to long erect setae over entire surface of head. Anterior pronotal lobe with short recumbent and short to long erect setae on lateral surface, short to long erect setae confined to tracts dorsally; posterior lobe with recumbent to erect setae on lateral surface, erect setae on dorsal surface; scutellum with dense moderate to long semi-erect to erect setae, denser on apex. Corium and clavus with short, recumbent or erect setae. Scattered short erect setae on abdominal dorsum, lateral and ventral surfaces with short recumbent setae interspersed with erect setae of varying lengths. Recumbent and erect setae on exposed surface of pygophore; apical 1/3 of parameres with erect setae on dorsal surface. STRUCTURE: Head: Cylindrical, L/W = 2.40. Postocular lobe relatively short; in dorsal view anteriorly gradually narrowing, posterior portion constant, slightly narrower. Eye moderately sized; dorsal and ventral margins removed from outlines of head. Labium: I: II: III = 1: 1.5: 0.4. Basiflagellomere diameter subequal to that of pedicel. Thorax: Anterolateral angle rounded, without projection; medial longitudinal sulcus evident throughout, deepening posteriorly. Posterior pronotal lobe with finely rugulose surface; disc slightly elevated above humeral angle; humeral angle armed, with spinous processes. Scutellum short; apex rounded, not projected. Legs: Robust. Hemelytron: Surpassing apex of abdomen by about length of abdominal segment seven; quadrate cell large and broad; Cu and M of cubital cell converging towards R. GENITALIA: (Fig. 34) Pygophore: Ovoid; posteriorly expanded sac-like sclerite between parameres and medial process. Medial process cylindrical; slender; moderately long, almost as long as exposed part of parameres; posteriorly directed, in less than forty-five degree with body axis; nearly straight; basally without protrusion; apex in posterior view rounded, with minute projection. Paramere: Cylindrical; long, not reaching apex of medial process; directed posteriad; not distinctly curved; apical part not enlarged to very slightly enlarged. Phallus: Sharp laterally oriented process close to posterior margin of foramen and basal arms; apical portion of phallothecal sclerite not distinctly tapered, flat, laterally angulate; apex truncate; posterior margin of foramen broadly concave. Struts attached to dorsal phallothecal sclerite; apically separate, not connected by bridge; basally mostly separate, moderately fused. Basal plate arm robust; separate; converging; in lateral view nearly straight, very slightly curved; bridge short; extension of basal plate expanded onto arm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="01B25CBE22C7A42D240A662A834BB80C" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Female: (Figs 32, 33) Similar to male, except for the following. Larger than male, total length 19.0-24.7 mm (mean 21.94 mm, Suppl. material 2). Coloration variations more extensive than in male.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4197DDDDB7ABC863F75679C1187EE017" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="AAF0E4508ABCA3EB90ACFEE0ACD971B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5BB236D39F0BABDD92973937C6506B17" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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The large and robust body, the dorsal coloration usually bright, yellow or red with black, the medial process short and relatively slender are characteristic to
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<taxonomicName id="0778779983122C36E009C01A557D9247" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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. Male genitalic structures of
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<taxonomicName id="1CD4FCC815AEA7E202156D7452A1102B" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="BA4B2BBC93F43D3C390ED0E8B8E47959" lsidName="Z. janus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="janus">Z. janus</taxonomicName>
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are nearly identical, but these two species do not overlap in range and are sufficiently different in non-genitalic morphological characters, which allow them to be easily separated.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9C2F07431888D0EF4D25F1E6658731DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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The only species with which
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<taxonomicName id="880BBD90484F081FD81C292066001BDE" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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is sympatric which may cause some identification problems is
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<taxonomicName id="66EB5B13A8BA77D22293A81B62C5DBB3" lsidName="Z. conjungens" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="conjungens">Z. conjungens</taxonomicName>
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. It may be distinguished from that species by the characters discussed under
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<taxonomicName id="0DAAB7A8C11BD5F80620259242493D69" lsidName="Z. conjungens" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="conjungens">Z. conjungens</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="57D07561C6D3D961212B2A57C98DD1D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="BFBC720F792BE2BD36CB06C95ED831D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3C2FA88886FC9760B995413C14C5201" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">South America (Fig. 35). Countries with specimen records: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, and Paraguay.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6757E16109AD36ED82FCD07C2DBA8EF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="taxon discussion">
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<paragraph id="17A4F72BA69CAA85A6D5B0E32134DE3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Taxon discussion</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E232E1D71F4DFB665814FD21295EEA95" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="E2B1E358F04308AE94E60E228F7C394E" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus armillatus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armillatus">Zelus armillatus</taxonomicName>
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is a very common, widespread, variable species in South America. It is known to occur in nearly all areas of the continent from central Argentina and northward, at altitudes from sea level to several thousand feet, and dry temperate to moist tropical areas. The coloration and markings of
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<taxonomicName id="EBCB5111C895466D66E852CE1D1D3503" lsidName="Z. armillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="armillatus">Z. armillatus</taxonomicName>
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are highly variable throughout the range and appear to be as variable in any given area (e.g., Fig. 33d) as they are between areas. This fact is responsible for the several descriptions based upon color forms of this species. The drawings of
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<bibRefCitation id="FF04ED128BD406766EBC9E60DA4A55E9" author="Herrich-Schaeffer, GAW" journalOrPublisher="Lotzbeck, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" title="Die Wanzenartigen Insekten. Vol. 8" year="1848">Herrich-Schaeffer (1848)</bibRefCitation>
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illustrate two of the common variations encountered, although the dorsal coloration, as well as that of the legs, may vary from almost entirely yellowish-brown through various combinations of that color and brownish-black to almost entirely brownish-black.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |