322 lines
44 KiB
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322 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.46646" ID-GBIF-Dataset="185d7760-92cb-465c-b710-b0d3f4798c51" ID-PMC="PMC7044263" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-913-127" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8E6A1F91A7B65BB28764E86658F32B9C" ID-PubMed="32132851" ID-ZooBank="413C5CE068C641E1AD073851F353F8E8" ModsDocID="1313-2970-913-127" checkinTime="1582137873272" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lu, Ciding, Tang, Jinhan, Dong, Wanying, Zhou, Youjun, Gai, Xinmin, Lin, Haoyu, Song, Dongbao & Liang, Guanghong" docDate="2020" docId="CB56F77292CD572DA80A5FCC56F36C07" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 913: 127-139" docOrigin="ZooKeys 913" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.46646" docTitle="Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9A8DD22D-499D-4BA2-B0B0-3504E9C12774" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="8E6A1F91A7B65BB28764E86658F32B9C" lastPageNumber="127" masterDocId="8E6A1F91A7B65BB28764E86658F32B9C" masterDocTitle="A new species of Glyptapanteles Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) within Macrobrochis gigas (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiidae) in Fujian, China" masterLastPageNumber="139" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="127" updateTime="1668168485401" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Glyptapanteles Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) within Macrobrochis gigas (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiidae) in Fujian, China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lu, Ciding</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tang, Jinhan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dong, Wanying</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhou, Youjun</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gai, Xinmin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lin, Haoyu</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Song, Dongbao</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liang, Guanghong</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>913</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>127</mods:start>
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<mods:end>139</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.46646</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.46646</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-913-127</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">413C5CE068C641E1AD073851F353F8E8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162174164" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9A8DD22D-499D-4BA2-B0B0-3504E9C12774" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB56F77292CD572DA80A5FCC56F36C07" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="127" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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<taxonomicName LSID="CB56F772-92CD-572D-A80A-5FCC56F36C07" authority="Liang & Song" authorityName="Liang & Song" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles gigas" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas" status="sp. nov.">Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="127">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="127" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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Linyuan town (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.42" value="24.744562">N24°44'40.42"</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="55.65" value="118.51546">E118°30'55.65"</geoCoordinate>
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) and Yonghe town (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.34" value="24.715929">N24°42'57.34"</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="10.42" value="118.58623">E118°35'10.42"</geoCoordinate>
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) in Jinjiang, Fujian, south and east coastal areas of China.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The specific epithet is derived from the scientific name of its host
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. gigas" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="gigas">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">M. gigas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Gender is masculine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Description.</emphasis>
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Female (holotype). Body length 2.1 mm, fore wing length 2.3 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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Head. In anterior view, head approximately orbicular-ovate with antennal sockets slightly above middle level of eyes; face slightly convex, finely punctate associated with long hairs, ratio of FH:FW being 2.0: 2.6 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 1 Head approximately orbicular-ovate; face slightly convex with long hairs, FH: FW = 2.0: 2.6 2 Head. 2.3 times as wide as long. Ocelli large, arranged in a low triangle. POL: OD: OOL = 0.7: 0.3: 0.8 3 Antenna longer than body (10.0: 7.9); Flagellomere proportions: 2 L / W = 2.8, 8 L / W = 2.7, 14 L / W = 1.7, L 2 / 14 = 1.9, W 2 / 14 = 1.2. F 12 - 15 tightly connected 4 Mesosoma. Note that notauli hardly exist. Propodeum relatively flat and smooth, horizontally rectangle, no median longitudinal carina 5 Wings. Forewing with areolet open; r and 2 - SR meeting at a circular arc; 2 - SR: r: width of pterostigma = 0.6: 0.8: 0.9. 1 - CU 1: 2 - CU 1: m-cu = 0.6: 1.0: 0.7. 6 Legs. Hind coxa large, near to T 3. Hind tibia approximately 0.95 times as long as hind tarsa; inner hind tibial spurs longer than outer one and about half of hind basitarsus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381053" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">1</figureCitation>
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); eyes covered setae; inner margin of eyes slightly constricted towards clypeus. Transverse in dorsal view, 2.3 times as wide as long, 0.9 times as wide as width of mesoscutum. Ocelli large, arranged in a low triangle, posterior tangent of anterior ocellus approaching posterior ocelli. POL: OD: OOL= 0.7: 0.3: 0.8 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 1 Head approximately orbicular-ovate; face slightly convex with long hairs, FH: FW = 2.0: 2.6 2 Head. 2.3 times as wide as long. Ocelli large, arranged in a low triangle. POL: OD: OOL = 0.7: 0.3: 0.8 3 Antenna longer than body (10.0: 7.9); Flagellomere proportions: 2 L / W = 2.8, 8 L / W = 2.7, 14 L / W = 1.7, L 2 / 14 = 1.9, W 2 / 14 = 1.2. F 12 - 15 tightly connected 4 Mesosoma. Note that notauli hardly exist. Propodeum relatively flat and smooth, horizontally rectangle, no median longitudinal carina 5 Wings. Forewing with areolet open; r and 2 - SR meeting at a circular arc; 2 - SR: r: width of pterostigma = 0.6: 0.8: 0.9. 1 - CU 1: 2 - CU 1: m-cu = 0.6: 1.0: 0.7. 6 Legs. Hind coxa large, near to T 3. Hind tibia approximately 0.95 times as long as hind tarsa; inner hind tibial spurs longer than outer one and about half of hind basitarsus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381053" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">2</figureCitation>
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). Vertex almost smooth, with fine sparse setae; temple feebly punctate, with dense long setae; occiput smooth, slightly concave. Antenna longer than body in ratio of 10.0:7.9 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 1 Head approximately orbicular-ovate; face slightly convex with long hairs, FH: FW = 2.0: 2.6 2 Head. 2.3 times as wide as long. Ocelli large, arranged in a low triangle. POL: OD: OOL = 0.7: 0.3: 0.8 3 Antenna longer than body (10.0: 7.9); Flagellomere proportions: 2 L / W = 2.8, 8 L / W = 2.7, 14 L / W = 1.7, L 2 / 14 = 1.9, W 2 / 14 = 1.2. F 12 - 15 tightly connected 4 Mesosoma. Note that notauli hardly exist. Propodeum relatively flat and smooth, horizontally rectangle, no median longitudinal carina 5 Wings. Forewing with areolet open; r and 2 - SR meeting at a circular arc; 2 - SR: r: width of pterostigma = 0.6: 0.8: 0.9. 1 - CU 1: 2 - CU 1: m-cu = 0.6: 1.0: 0.7. 6 Legs. Hind coxa large, near to T 3. Hind tibia approximately 0.95 times as long as hind tarsa; inner hind tibial spurs longer than outer one and about half of hind basitarsus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381053" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">3</figureCitation>
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); flagellomeres thin, with short bristles, most flagellomeres with placodes arranged regularly in two ranks excerpt for last four or five flagellomeres. Flagellomere ratios: 2 L/W = 2.8, 8 L/W = 2.7, 14 L/W = 1.7, L 2/14 = 1.9, W 2/14 = 1.2. F12-15 tightly connected.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381053" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" start="Figures 1–6" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Figures 1-6.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Liang & Song" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles gigas" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Glyptapanteles gigas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Liang & Song, sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">1</emphasis>
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Head approximately orbicular-ovate; face slightly convex with long hairs, FH: FW = 2.0: 2.6
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">2</emphasis>
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Head. 2.3 times as wide as long. Ocelli large, arranged in a low triangle. POL: OD: OOL= 0.7: 0.3: 0.8
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">3</emphasis>
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Antenna longer than body (10.0: 7.9); Flagellomere proportions: 2 L/W = 2.8, 8 L/W = 2.7, 14 L/W = 1.7, L 2/14 = 1.9, W 2/14 = 1.2. F12-15 tightly connected
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">4</emphasis>
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Mesosoma. Note that notauli hardly exist. Propodeum relatively flat and smooth, horizontally rectangle, no median longitudinal carina
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">5</emphasis>
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Wings. Forewing with areolet open; r and 2-SR meeting at a circular arc; 2-SR: r: width of pterostigma = 0.6: 0.8: 0.9. 1-CU1:2-CU1:m-cu = 0.6: 1.0: 0.7.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">6</emphasis>
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Legs. Hind coxa large, near to T3. Hind tibia approximately 0.95 times as long as hind tarsa; inner hind tibial spurs longer than outer one and about half of hind basitarsus.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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Mesosoma (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 1 Head approximately orbicular-ovate; face slightly convex with long hairs, FH: FW = 2.0: 2.6 2 Head. 2.3 times as wide as long. Ocelli large, arranged in a low triangle. POL: OD: OOL = 0.7: 0.3: 0.8 3 Antenna longer than body (10.0: 7.9); Flagellomere proportions: 2 L / W = 2.8, 8 L / W = 2.7, 14 L / W = 1.7, L 2 / 14 = 1.9, W 2 / 14 = 1.2. F 12 - 15 tightly connected 4 Mesosoma. Note that notauli hardly exist. Propodeum relatively flat and smooth, horizontally rectangle, no median longitudinal carina 5 Wings. Forewing with areolet open; r and 2 - SR meeting at a circular arc; 2 - SR: r: width of pterostigma = 0.6: 0.8: 0.9. 1 - CU 1: 2 - CU 1: m-cu = 0.6: 1.0: 0.7. 6 Legs. Hind coxa large, near to T 3. Hind tibia approximately 0.95 times as long as hind tarsa; inner hind tibial spurs longer than outer one and about half of hind basitarsus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381053" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">4</figureCitation>
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). Side of pronotum with both a dorsal and a ventral carinate groove. Mesoscutum relatively flat, sparsely punctate with thin setose, relatively smooth near scutellar sulcus; notauli hardly exist. Scutellar sulcus relatively wide and deep, slightly curved; disc of scutellum smooth all over, approximately a low triangle in its shape. Propodeum relatively flat and smooth, horizontally rectangle, not inclined rear surface and no median longitudinal carina.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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Wings (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 1 Head approximately orbicular-ovate; face slightly convex with long hairs, FH: FW = 2.0: 2.6 2 Head. 2.3 times as wide as long. Ocelli large, arranged in a low triangle. POL: OD: OOL = 0.7: 0.3: 0.8 3 Antenna longer than body (10.0: 7.9); Flagellomere proportions: 2 L / W = 2.8, 8 L / W = 2.7, 14 L / W = 1.7, L 2 / 14 = 1.9, W 2 / 14 = 1.2. F 12 - 15 tightly connected 4 Mesosoma. Note that notauli hardly exist. Propodeum relatively flat and smooth, horizontally rectangle, no median longitudinal carina 5 Wings. Forewing with areolet open; r and 2 - SR meeting at a circular arc; 2 - SR: r: width of pterostigma = 0.6: 0.8: 0.9. 1 - CU 1: 2 - CU 1: m-cu = 0.6: 1.0: 0.7. 6 Legs. Hind coxa large, near to T 3. Hind tibia approximately 0.95 times as long as hind tarsa; inner hind tibial spurs longer than outer one and about half of hind basitarsus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381053" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">5</figureCitation>
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). Forewing with areolet open, vein r slightly inner oblique emitted from middle of pterostigma; r and 2-SR meeting at a circular arc and hardly distinguish from each other; 2-SR: r: width of pterostigma = 0.6: 0.8: 0.9; vein 1-R1 1.8 times as long as pterostigma, pterostigma 2.0 times as long as wide. 1-CU1:2-CU1:m-cu= 0.6: 1.0: 0.7. Hind wing narrow, vein cu-a slightly incurved, vannal lobe slightly convex with a few hairs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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Legs (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 1 Head approximately orbicular-ovate; face slightly convex with long hairs, FH: FW = 2.0: 2.6 2 Head. 2.3 times as wide as long. Ocelli large, arranged in a low triangle. POL: OD: OOL = 0.7: 0.3: 0.8 3 Antenna longer than body (10.0: 7.9); Flagellomere proportions: 2 L / W = 2.8, 8 L / W = 2.7, 14 L / W = 1.7, L 2 / 14 = 1.9, W 2 / 14 = 1.2. F 12 - 15 tightly connected 4 Mesosoma. Note that notauli hardly exist. Propodeum relatively flat and smooth, horizontally rectangle, no median longitudinal carina 5 Wings. Forewing with areolet open; r and 2 - SR meeting at a circular arc; 2 - SR: r: width of pterostigma = 0.6: 0.8: 0.9. 1 - CU 1: 2 - CU 1: m-cu = 0.6: 1.0: 0.7. 6 Legs. Hind coxa large, near to T 3. Hind tibia approximately 0.95 times as long as hind tarsa; inner hind tibial spurs longer than outer one and about half of hind basitarsus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381053" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">6</figureCitation>
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). Slender. Hind coxa large, near to T3, compressed, almost smooth and shiny, scattered with weak granular on upper surface. Hind tibia approximately 0.95 times as long as hind tarsi; inner hind tibial spurs longer than outer one and about half of hind basitarsus. Fore distitarsus with a feeble spine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
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Metasoma. T1 smooth, 1.9 times as long as its greatest width, slightly parallel on both sides, gradually in general converging apically and rounded to apex, base broad depression concave, narrowed toward the end (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. 7 - 10 Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 7 metasoma. T 1 smooth, 1.9 times as long as its greatest width, slightly parallel on both sides, base broad depression concave, narrowed toward the end 8 T 2 approximately scalariform, the central area inconspicuous with apical width slightly long than central length. T 3 1.1 times as wide as long, slightly longer than T 2 9 ovipositor short, ovipositor sheath short, about equal to length of the 2 th hind tarsus 10 body mostly black. Antennae black brown. 11 Parasitized larva of M. gigas, cocoons and adult of G. gigas. White ellipse indicating adult of parasitoid. Red and white arrows indicating parasitized larva and cocoons of parasitoid respectively. 12 Unparasitized larvae of the host M. gigas." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381054" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">7</figureCitation>
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). T2 approximately scalariform, the central area inconspicuous with apical width slightly long than central length, T3 1.1 times as wide as long, slightly longer than T2 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. 7 - 10 Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 7 metasoma. T 1 smooth, 1.9 times as long as its greatest width, slightly parallel on both sides, base broad depression concave, narrowed toward the end 8 T 2 approximately scalariform, the central area inconspicuous with apical width slightly long than central length. T 3 1.1 times as wide as long, slightly longer than T 2 9 ovipositor short, ovipositor sheath short, about equal to length of the 2 th hind tarsus 10 body mostly black. Antennae black brown. 11 Parasitized larva of M. gigas, cocoons and adult of G. gigas. White ellipse indicating adult of parasitoid. Red and white arrows indicating parasitized larva and cocoons of parasitoid respectively. 12 Unparasitized larvae of the host M. gigas." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381054" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">8</figureCitation>
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). All tergites almost smooth and polished, scattered with feeble setae. Ovipositor short, ovipositor sheath, about equal to length of the 2th hind tarsus with a few hairs on tip (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. 7 - 10 Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 7 metasoma. T 1 smooth, 1.9 times as long as its greatest width, slightly parallel on both sides, base broad depression concave, narrowed toward the end 8 T 2 approximately scalariform, the central area inconspicuous with apical width slightly long than central length. T 3 1.1 times as wide as long, slightly longer than T 2 9 ovipositor short, ovipositor sheath short, about equal to length of the 2 th hind tarsus 10 body mostly black. Antennae black brown. 11 Parasitized larva of M. gigas, cocoons and adult of G. gigas. White ellipse indicating adult of parasitoid. Red and white arrows indicating parasitized larva and cocoons of parasitoid respectively. 12 Unparasitized larvae of the host M. gigas." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381054" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hypopygium, evenly sclerotized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381054" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" start="Figures 7–12" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Figures 7-12.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">7-10</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liang & Song" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles gigas" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Glyptapanteles gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Liang & Song, sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">7</emphasis>
|
||
metasoma. T1 smooth, 1.9 times as long as its greatest width, slightly parallel on both sides, base broad depression concave, narrowed toward the end
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">8</emphasis>
|
||
T2 approximately scalariform, the central area inconspicuous with apical width slightly long than central length. T3 1.1 times as wide as long, slightly longer than T2
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">9</emphasis>
|
||
ovipositor short, ovipositor sheath short, about equal to length of the 2th hind tarsus
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">10</emphasis>
|
||
body mostly black. Antennae black brown.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">11</emphasis>
|
||
Parasitized larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. gigas" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">M. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, cocoons and
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">adult</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. gigas" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">G. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. White ellipse indicating adult of parasitoid. Red and white arrows indicating parasitized larva and cocoons of parasitoid respectively.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">12</emphasis>
|
||
Unparasitized larvae of the host
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. gigas" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">M. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
|
||
Color. Adult body mostly black (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. 7 - 10 Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 7 metasoma. T 1 smooth, 1.9 times as long as its greatest width, slightly parallel on both sides, base broad depression concave, narrowed toward the end 8 T 2 approximately scalariform, the central area inconspicuous with apical width slightly long than central length. T 3 1.1 times as wide as long, slightly longer than T 2 9 ovipositor short, ovipositor sheath short, about equal to length of the 2 th hind tarsus 10 body mostly black. Antennae black brown. 11 Parasitized larva of M. gigas, cocoons and adult of G. gigas. White ellipse indicating adult of parasitoid. Red and white arrows indicating parasitized larva and cocoons of parasitoid respectively. 12 Unparasitized larvae of the host M. gigas." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381054" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antennae black brown; maxillary palps, labial palps, legs yellow, except for most coxae black brown; most hind tibiae and hind tarsus infuscate. Pterostigma dark brown and semi-transparent, most veins pale yellowish. T1 reddish yellow-brown and transparent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Male. Antenna longer than body (10.0: 7.0), the rest same as female.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="127" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
|
||
This new species is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles phragmataeciae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phragmataeciae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Glyptapanteles phragmataeciae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(You & Zhou, 1990), but it is easily distinguished from it based on T1 slightly parallel on both sides, gradually in general converging apically and rounded to apex (T1 cuneiform); antenna longer than body (antenna shorter than body); vein 1-R1 1.8 times as long as pterostigma (vein 1-R1 1.0 times as long as pterostigma); inner hind tibial spurs longer than outer one and about half of hind basitarsus (inner hind tibial spurs as long as outer one and shorter than half of hind basitarsus).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="127" type="hosts">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Hosts</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="127">
|
||
The parasitoid of genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Asmead" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Glyptapanteles</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mostly attacks lepidopteran caterpillars, of which very few species attacks insects of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Asmead" authorityYear="1904" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300006386" author="Nixon, GEJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="687 - 732" refId="B42" refString="Nixon, GEJ, 1976. A revision of the north-western European species of the merula, laeteus, vipio, ultor, ater, butalidis, popularis, carbonarius and validus -groups of Apanteles Foerster (Hym.: Braconidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 65: 687 - 732, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300006386" title="A revision of the north-western European species of the merula, laeteus, vipio, ultor, ater, butalidis, popularis, carbonarius and validus - groups of Apanteles Foerster (Hym.: Braconidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300006386" volume="65" year="1976">Nixon 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" refId="B47" refString="Papp, J, 1990. Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Korea. XII. Acta Zoologica Hungarica 36(1/2): 87-119." title="Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Korea. XII. Acta Zoologica Hungarica 36 (1 / 2): 87 - 119." year="1990">Papp 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smetacek, P" journalOrPublisher="Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="5 - 15" refId="B52" refString="Smetacek, P, 2008. Moths recorded from different elevations in Nainital district, Kumaon Himalaya, India. Research 10 (1): 5 - 15" title="Moths recorded from different elevations in Nainital district, Kumaon Himalaya, India." volume="10" year="2008">Smetacek 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tobias, VI" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="156 - 268" refId="B60" refString="Tobias, VI, 1971. Review of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera) of the USSR. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 54: 156 - 268" title="Review of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera) of the USSR." volume="54" year="1971">Tobias 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tobias, VI" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" refId="B61" refString="Tobias, VI, 1976. Braconids of the Caucasus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Opredelitel Faune SSSR 110, Nauka Press, Leningrad, 1-286. [in Russian]" title="Braconids of the Caucasus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Opredelitel Faune SSSR 110, Nauka Press, Leningrad, 1 - 286. [in Russian]" year="1976">1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tobias, VI" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" refId="B62" refString="Tobias, VI, 1986. Acaeliinae, Cardiochilinae, Microgastrinae, Miracinae. In: MedvedevGS (Eds) Opredelitel Nasekomych Evrospeiskoi Tsasti SSSR 3, Peredpontdatokrylye 4. Opr. Faune SSSR.145: 336-501. [Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR. Hymenoptera]" title="Acaeliinae, Cardiochilinae, Microgastrinae, Miracinae. In: MedvedevGS (Eds) Opredelitel Nasekomych Evrospeiskoi Tsasti SSSR 3, Peredpontdatokrylye 4. Opr. Faune SSSR. 145: 336 - 501. [Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR. Hymenoptera]" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitfield, JB" journalOrPublisher="Pan-Pacific Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="60 - 67" refId="B68" refString="Whitfield, JB, 1985. The Nearctic species of Deuterixys Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 61 (1): 60 - 67" title="The Nearctic species of Deuterixys Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="61" year="1985">Whitfield 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitfield, JB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="245 - 262" refId="B67" refString="Whitfield, JB, 1995. Annotated checklist of the Microgastrinae of North America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 68 (3): 245 - 262" title="Annotated checklist of the Microgastrinae of North America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="68" year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitfield, JB" journalOrPublisher="Pan-Pacific Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" refId="B69" refString="Whitfield, JB, Wharton, RA, Marsh, PM, Sharkey, MJ, 1997. Manual of the New World genera of the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera): Special Publication of the International Society of the Hymenopterists No.1. Washington, DC The International Society of Hymenopterists, 332-364." title="Manual of the New World genera of the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera): Special Publication of the International Society of the Hymenopterists No. 1. Washington, DC The International Society of Hymenopterists, 332 - 364." year="1997">1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770481" author="Whitfield, JB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="733 - 754" refId="B66" refString="Whitfield, JB, Wagner, DL, 1991. Annotated key to the genera of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) attacking leaf-mining Lepidoptera in the Holarctic region. Journal of Natural History 25: 733 - 754, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770481" title="Annotated key to the genera of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) attacking leaf-mining Lepidoptera in the Holarctic region." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770481" volume="25" year="1991">Whitfield and Wagner 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilkinson, DS" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="81 - 84" refId="B72" refString="Wilkinson, DS, 1936. A list of Lepidoptera from which parasites are particularly desired. Entomologist 69: 81 - 84" title="A list of Lepidoptera from which parasites are particularly desired." volume="69" year="1936">Wilkinson 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1940.tb00370.x" author="Wilkinson, DS" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="157 - 164" refId="B73" refString="Wilkinson, DS, 1940. On the identity of Apanteles carbonarius Wesmael, with the description of a new, closely-related, Palaearctic species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B) 9 (9): 157 - 164, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1940.tb00370.x" title="On the identity of Apanteles carbonarius Wesmael, with the description of a new, closely-related, Palaearctic species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1940.tb00370.x" volume="9" year="1940">1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Here, we collected parasitoids specimen from caterpillars of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Macrobrochis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrobrochis gigas" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Macrobrochis gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Walker (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. 7 - 10 Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 7 metasoma. T 1 smooth, 1.9 times as long as its greatest width, slightly parallel on both sides, base broad depression concave, narrowed toward the end 8 T 2 approximately scalariform, the central area inconspicuous with apical width slightly long than central length. T 3 1.1 times as wide as long, slightly longer than T 2 9 ovipositor short, ovipositor sheath short, about equal to length of the 2 th hind tarsus 10 body mostly black. Antennae black brown. 11 Parasitized larva of M. gigas, cocoons and adult of G. gigas. White ellipse indicating adult of parasitoid. Red and white arrows indicating parasitized larva and cocoons of parasitoid respectively. 12 Unparasitized larvae of the host M. gigas." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381054" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">11</figureCitation>
|
||
) between 2015-2016 in China, and they occurred in Guangdong, South China (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fang, C" journalOrPublisher="Science Press" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="89 - 90" refId="B23" refString="Fang, C, 1985. Economic Insect Fauna of China (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) (Fasc. 33). Science Press 33: 89 - 90" title="Economic Insect Fauna of China (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) (Fasc. 33)." volume="33" year="1985">Fang 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Taiwan Biodiversity information facility" journalOrPublisher="Fauna USSR, Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" publicationUrl="http://taibif.tw/en/namecode/343886" refId="B59" refString="Taiwan Biodiversity information facility, 2019. Macrobrochisgigas (Walker, 1854). http://taibif.tw/en/namecode/343886" title="Macrobrochisgigas (Walker, 1854)." url="http://taibif.tw/en/namecode/343886" year="2019">Taiwan 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408221" author="Mell, R" journalOrPublisher="Berlin," pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="139 - 168" refId="B38" refString="Mell, R, 1938. Beitraege Zur Fauna Sinica. XVIII. Der Schluepfmoment Suedchinesischer Lepidopteren. Berlin, 1939: 139 - 168, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408221" title="Beitraege Zur Fauna Sinica. XVIII. Der Schluepfmoment Suedchinesischer Lepidopteren." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408221" volume="1939" year="1938">Mell 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dubatolov, VV" journalOrPublisher="Tinea" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="25 - 52" refId="B18" refString="Dubatolov, VV, Kishida, Y, Wang, M, 2012. New records of lichen-moths from the Nanling Mts. Guangdong, South China, with descriptions of new genera and species (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae: Lithosiinae) . Tinea 22 (1): 25 - 52" title="New records of lichen-moths from the Nanling Mts. Guangdong, South China, with descriptions of new genera and species (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae: Lithosiinae)." volume="22" year="2012">Dubatolov et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Liu 2005), India, Sikkim, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Indonesia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fang, C" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="191 - 192" refId="B24" refString="Fang, C, 2000. Fauna Sinica (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). Science Press, Beijing 19: 191 - 192" title="Fauna Sinica (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)." volume="19" year="2000">Fang 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Taxonomically, it belongs to the family
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" family="Arctiidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" rank="family">Arctiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Telenga, NA" journalOrPublisher="Fauna USSR, Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="1 - 311" refId="B58" refString="Telenga, NA, 1955. Braconidae, subfamily Microgasterinae, subfamily Agathinae. Fauna USSR, Hymenoptera 5 (4): 1 - 311" title="Braconidae, subfamily Microgasterinae, subfamily Agathinae." volume="5" year="1955">Telenga 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="125 - 138" refId="B45" refString="Papp, J, 1983a. Contributions to the braconid fauna of Hungary, IV. Microgastrinae. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 44: 125 - 138" title="Contributions to the braconid fauna of Hungary, IV. Microgastrinae. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="44" year="1983 a">Papp 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="247 - 283" refId="B46" refString="Papp, J, 1983b. A survey of the European species of Apanteles Foerst. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae: Microgastrinae), VII. The carbonarius -, circumscriptus -, fraternus -, pallip e s -, parasitellae -, vitripennis -, liparidis -, octonarius - and thompsoni - group. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 75: 247 - 283" title="A survey of the European species of Apanteles Foerst. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae: Microgastrinae), VII. The carbonarius -, circumscriptus -, fraternus -, pallip e s -, parasitellae -, vitripennis -, liparidis -, octonarius - and thompsoni - group." volume="75" year="1983 b">1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez-Triana, J" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" publicationUrl="http://www.microgastrinae.myspecies.info/microgastrinae/microgastrinae" refId="B25" refString="Fernandez-Triana, J, Ward, D, 2014. Microgastrine Wasps of the World. http://www.microgastrinae.myspecies.info/microgastrinae/microgastrinae" title="Microgastrine Wasps of the World." url="http://www.microgastrinae.myspecies.info/microgastrinae/microgastrinae" year="2014">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández-Triana">Fernandez-Triana</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Ward 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dubatolov, VV" journalOrPublisher="Tinea" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" pagination="25 - 52" refId="B18" refString="Dubatolov, VV, Kishida, Y, Wang, M, 2012. New records of lichen-moths from the Nanling Mts. Guangdong, South China, with descriptions of new genera and species (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae: Lithosiinae) . Tinea 22 (1): 25 - 52" title="New records of lichen-moths from the Nanling Mts. Guangdong, South China, with descriptions of new genera and species (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae: Lithosiinae)." volume="22" year="2012">Dubatolov et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and was firstly recorded and described as a new genera and species in 2001. Biologically, the host insects have one generation per year, and larvae feed on the mosses (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. 7 - 10 Glyptapanteles gigas Liang & Song, sp. nov. 7 metasoma. T 1 smooth, 1.9 times as long as its greatest width, slightly parallel on both sides, base broad depression concave, narrowed toward the end 8 T 2 approximately scalariform, the central area inconspicuous with apical width slightly long than central length. T 3 1.1 times as wide as long, slightly longer than T 2 9 ovipositor short, ovipositor sheath short, about equal to length of the 2 th hind tarsus 10 body mostly black. Antennae black brown. 11 Parasitized larva of M. gigas, cocoons and adult of G. gigas. White ellipse indicating adult of parasitoid. Red and white arrows indicating parasitized larva and cocoons of parasitoid respectively. 12 Unparasitized larvae of the host M. gigas." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.913.46646.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/381054" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">12</figureCitation>
|
||
) growing on the trunks of masson pines (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus massoniana" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="massoniana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Pinus massoniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lamb.), litchis (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Litchi" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Litchi chinensis" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Litchi chinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sonn.), longans (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Dimocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dimocarpus longan" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longan">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Dimocarpus longan</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lour.), coast oak (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Casuarina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Casuarina equisetifolia" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="equisetifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Casuarina equisetifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Forst.), waxberries (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myricaceae" genus="Myrica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Myrica rubra" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Myrica rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sieb.et Zucc), eucalyptus (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus urophylla" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urophylla">
|
||
Eucalyptus grandis
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
urophylla
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Merr" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia confusa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="confusa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Acacia confusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Merr., and loquats (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Eriobotrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriobotrya japonica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="127" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="127">Eriobotrya japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Thunb.) Lindl) from April to June, and the moths prefer the flowers after they emerge at the end of July in South China.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |