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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73969" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9ac9762b-f8eb-482f-9eed-949fd3b03144" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-88-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AA8BC998541356CF8EBB303042B122E1" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5826583" ID-ZooBank="03725F236D564E73AE1116B8F53E4880" ModsDocID="1314-2607-88-51" checkinTime="1640880438293" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tran, Ngat Thi, Truong, Lam Xuan, Ljubomirov, Toshko &amp; Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong" docDate="2021" docId="5BD2369FE3795E869FEE9990E28E3A58" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 88: 51-60" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 88" docPubDate="2021-12-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73969" docTitle="Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium) paco Tran &amp; Nguyen 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="3769E63C-29F2-4552-8431-620E056400CE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="AA8BC998541356CF8EBB303042B122E1" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="AA8BC998541356CF8EBB303042B122E1" masterDocTitle="First record of the bee genus Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium s. str.) Mavromoustakis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from Vietnam: Description of a new species and a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1678757298263" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>First record of the bee genus Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium s. str.) Mavromoustakis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from Vietnam: Description of a new species and a key to species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tran, Ngat Thi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam &amp; Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Truong, Lam Xuan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1758-903X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam &amp; Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ljubomirov, Toshko</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1, Tzar Ossvoboditel Boulevard, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam &amp; Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">phuonglientit@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-12-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>88</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>51</mods:start>
<mods:end>60</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73969</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73969</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-88-51</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">03725F236D564E73AE1116B8F53E4880</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">AA8BC998541356CF8EBB303042B122E1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5826583</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191808526" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3769E63C-29F2-4552-8431-620E056400CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5BD2369FE3795E869FEE9990E28E3A58" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/3769E63C-29F2-4552-8431-620E056400CE" authority="Tran &amp; Nguyen" authorityName="Tran &amp; Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium) paco" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paco" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Bathanthidium">Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium s. str.) paco Tran &amp; Nguyen</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figs 1A-H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-E Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A middle tibia in dorso-lateral view, showing the tibial spine B distitarsus of hind leg in frontal view, showing the arolium C metasoma in lateral view D T 6 in dorsal view E mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (C, D, E); 0.5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628693" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 2A-E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-I Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., paratype, male A head in frontal view B mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view C T 4 - 7 in dorsal view D fore wing in dorsal view E abdomen in latero-ventral view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H genitalia in dorsal view I genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (C, H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628694" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 3A-I</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Nest, Jun., Nguyen, Nguyen CQ, Tran NT, Mai TV" country="Vietnam" county="Mai Chau" elevation="1340" latitude="20.743334" location="Hang Kia - Pa Co Natural Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.895" municipality="Pa Co" specimenCount="♀" stateProvince="Hoa Binh" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="Vietnam" name="Hoa Binh">Hoa Binh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty>Mai Chau</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Pa Co</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5BD2369FE3795E869FEE9990E28E3A58:4E26A87EAFD68B650F7DE48F3836355F" country="Vietnam" county="Mai Chau" latitude="20.743334" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.895" municipality="Pa Co" name="Hang Kia - Pa Co Natural Reserve" stateProvince="Hoa Binh">Hang Kia - Pa Co Natural Reserve</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="20.743334">20°44'36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="104.895">104°53'42&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" unit="m" value="1340.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" unit="m" value="1340.0">1340 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName>Nest</collectorName>
#VN-HB-2020-Bath-01, 24
<collectorName>Jun.</collectorName>
2020,
<collectorName>Nguyen</collectorName>
LTP,
<collectorName>Nguyen CQ</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Tran NT</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Mai TV</collectorName>
leg., deposited in IEBR
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Nest &amp; Jun. &amp; Nguyen &amp; Nguyen CQ &amp; Tran NT &amp; Mai TV" country="Vietnam" county="Mai Chau" elevation="1340" latitude="20.743334" location="Vietnam" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.895" municipality="Pa Co" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Hoa Binh" typeStatus="Paratypes">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, same data as holotype, deposited in IEBR
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
Based on the presence of fovea behind propodeal spiracle rounded and delimited by strong carina, the new species belongs to subgenus
<taxonomicName authority="Bathanthidium" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bathanthidium">Bathanthidium Bathanthidium</taxonomicName>
s. str.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">This species can be distinguished from all other known species of subgenus</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mavromoustakis" authorityYear="1953" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Bathanthidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s. str. by the following combination of characters: in the both sexes, mandible widened apically, the lowest tooth slightly rounded; in female, clypeus and mandible in entirely black, paraocular area with thin, yellowish-orange marking extending along the inner margin to the top of the eye, scutellum entirely black, T1 with lateral small, dull orange markings, T2-T5 basally with yellowish-orange bands, T1-T2 apically with dull orange bands, the rest of T3-T5 with dull orange to dirty yellow bands, T6 entirely black; in male, T7 of trilobed, median lobe longest and broadest, lateral lobe short, acute and curved inwards, male genitalia large, forked gonostylus with two unequally branches, penis valves with blade shape.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Female</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-E Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A middle tibia in dorso-lateral view, showing the tibial spine B distitarsus of hind leg in frontal view, showing the arolium C metasoma in lateral view D T 6 in dorsal view E mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (C, D, E); 0.5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628693" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">2</figureCitation>
). Holotype: Body length 8.5 mm, fore wing length 8.0 mm, head width 2.1 mm, and mesosomal width 3.8 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head</emphasis>
: In frontal view subcircular, approximately 1.2 times as wide as long (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">1A</figureCitation>
), gena about 0.7 times as wide as eye (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">1G</figureCitation>
). Mandible widened apically, with 4 teeth, gradually elongate from the first tooth to the fourth tooth, the lowest tooth slightly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">1B</figureCitation>
). Clypeus broader than long. Supraclypeal area and clypeus slightly convex.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="5826585" doi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A-H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mavromoustakis" authorityYear="1953" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Bathanthidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authority="Bathanthidium" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bathanthidium">Bathanthidium Bathanthidium</taxonomicName>
s. str.)
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tran &amp; Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium) paco" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paco" subGenus="Bathanthidium">Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco</taxonomicName>
Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
head in frontal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
mandible in frontal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">D</emphasis>
mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">E</emphasis>
fore wing in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">F</emphasis>
habitus in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">G</emphasis>
habitus in lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">H</emphasis>
nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">(H)</emphasis>
; 1 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A, C, E, F, G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B, D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Mesosoma</emphasis>
: Fore wing with two submarginal cells, the first sub-equal in length to second, basal vein nearly straight and meeting Cu vein at acute angle, 2nd m-cu vein exceeding apical margin of the second submarginal cell, stigma nearly twice as long as broad (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">1E</figureCitation>
). Outer margin of axilla slightly curved. Scutellum convex, with two foveae at basal margin, each fovea about four times as wide as long and with apical margin slightly emarginated medially (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">1D</figureCitation>
). Fovea behind propodeal spiracle rounded, delimited by strong carina, basal zone of propodeum distinct laterally, with regular and shiny pits (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Metasoma</emphasis>
: T1 with carina on basal margin, T6 with margin round apically (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-E Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A middle tibia in dorso-lateral view, showing the tibial spine B distitarsus of hind leg in frontal view, showing the arolium C metasoma in lateral view D T 6 in dorsal view E mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (C, D, E); 0.5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628693" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">2C-D</figureCitation>
). T6 with large, rough, dense punctures on basal haft and with small, extremely dense punctures on remain part. Fore and middle tibiae in dorso-lateral view with a short spine (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-E Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A middle tibia in dorso-lateral view, showing the tibial spine B distitarsus of hind leg in frontal view, showing the arolium C metasoma in lateral view D T 6 in dorsal view E mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (C, D, E); 0.5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628693" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">2A</figureCitation>
), hind tibia without a spine. Arolia present (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-E Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A middle tibia in dorso-lateral view, showing the tibial spine B distitarsus of hind leg in frontal view, showing the arolium C metasoma in lateral view D T 6 in dorsal view E mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (C, D, E); 0.5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628693" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">2B</figureCitation>
). Pygidial plate absent.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="5826587" doi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628693" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A-E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mavromoustakis" authorityYear="1953" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Bathanthidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authority="Bathanthidium" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bathanthidium">Bathanthidium Bathanthidium</taxonomicName>
s. str.)
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tran &amp; Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium) paco" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paco" subGenus="Bathanthidium">Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco</taxonomicName>
Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
middle tibia in dorso-lateral view, showing the tibial spine
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
distitarsus of hind leg in frontal view, showing the arolium
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
metasoma in lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">D</emphasis>
T6 in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">E</emphasis>
mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C, D, E</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A, B</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Punctation</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Clypeus with large, rough and dense punctures, except the apex with small punctures; frons, vertex, and gena with round, large and dense punctures. Mesoscutum with round and dense punctures, size of the punctures smaller and shallower than that on frons. Scutellum with round and dense punctures, size of punctures uneven. T1-T5 with round, small and sparse punctures on basal half and smaller and denser punctures on remain part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Pubescence</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Clypeus, paraocular area and frons with sparse, short and pale white hairs. Mandible with extremely short, brownish-yellow hairs except for some longer hairs at outer margin. Vertex, mesoscutum, scutellum with short, brownish-yellow hairs. S2-S6 with scopa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Colour</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Paraocular area with thin, yellowish-orange marking extending along the inner margin to the top of the eye (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">1</figureCitation>
). T1 with lateral small, dull orange markings, T2-T5 basally with yellowish-orange bands, T1-T2 apically with dull orange bands, the rest of T3-T5 with dull orange to dirty yellow bands, T6 entirely black (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-E Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A middle tibia in dorso-lateral view, showing the tibial spine B distitarsus of hind leg in frontal view, showing the arolium C metasoma in lateral view D T 6 in dorsal view E mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (C, D, E); 0.5 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628693" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">2C-E</figureCitation>
). Fore and middle femora apically, fore tibia in inside view with dull orange.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Male</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-I Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., paratype, male A head in frontal view B mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view C T 4 - 7 in dorsal view D fore wing in dorsal view E abdomen in latero-ventral view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H genitalia in dorsal view I genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (C, H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628694" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3</figureCitation>
). Body length 9-9.2 mm, forewing length 8.5-8.7 mm. Head about 1.2 times as wide as long, gena about 0.7 times as wide as eye.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Most characteristics of the male are similar to those of the female, except for the following:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Metasoma</emphasis>
: T7 trilobed, median lobe longest and largest, lateral lobe short, acute and curved inwards (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-I Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., paratype, male A head in frontal view B mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view C T 4 - 7 in dorsal view D fore wing in dorsal view E abdomen in latero-ventral view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H genitalia in dorsal view I genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (C, H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628694" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3C</figureCitation>
). Male genitalia large, gonostylus forked with two unequal branches, penis valve with blade shape (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-I Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., paratype, male A head in frontal view B mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view C T 4 - 7 in dorsal view D fore wing in dorsal view E abdomen in latero-ventral view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H genitalia in dorsal view I genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (C, H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628694" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3H-I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Colour</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Clypeus yellow, supraclypeal area with small yellow marking, paraocular area with thin, long and yellow to yellowish-orange marking extending along the inner margin to the top of the eye (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-I Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., paratype, male A head in frontal view B mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view C T 4 - 7 in dorsal view D fore wing in dorsal view E abdomen in latero-ventral view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H genitalia in dorsal view I genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (C, H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628694" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3A</figureCitation>
). Mandible basally with dull yellow marking. Gena with yellowish-orange markings near the apical margin of the eye, mesoscutum latero-anteriorly with small yellowish-orange spots (sometimes absent), scutellum entirely black (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-I Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., paratype, male A head in frontal view B mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view C T 4 - 7 in dorsal view D fore wing in dorsal view E abdomen in latero-ventral view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H genitalia in dorsal view I genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (C, H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628694" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3B</figureCitation>
). Inner surface of fore femur apically, fore tibia, fore basitarsus, middle femur apically, and middle tibia with dull orange markings. T1 with lateral small, light yellowish-orange markings; T2 medially with light yellowish-orange bands, T3-T5 basally with light yellowish-orange bands; T1, T2, T5 apically with dirty yellow bands; most of the rest of T3 and T4 with dirty yellow bands; T6 and T7 entirely black (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-I Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., paratype, male A head in frontal view B mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view C T 4 - 7 in dorsal view D fore wing in dorsal view E abdomen in latero-ventral view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H genitalia in dorsal view I genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (C, H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628694" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3C, F-G</figureCitation>
). Fore and middle femora apically, fore tibia in inside view with dull orange.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="5826591" doi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628694" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A-I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mavromoustakis" authorityYear="1953" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Bathanthidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authority="Bathanthidium" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bathanthidium">Bathanthidium Bathanthidium</taxonomicName>
s. str.)
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tran &amp; Nguyen" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium) paco" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paco" subGenus="Bathanthidium">Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco</taxonomicName>
Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., paratype, male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
head in frontal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
T4-7 in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">D</emphasis>
fore wing in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">E</emphasis>
abdomen in latero-ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">F</emphasis>
habitus in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">G</emphasis>
habitus in lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">H</emphasis>
genitalia in dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">I</emphasis>
genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars: 1mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A, B, D, E, F, G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C, H, I</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Pubescence</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The median part of S3 orange, apical margin of S2-S3 with pale white to dull orange feather combs, S4 shiny on basal half and with short, dense, pale white hairs on remain part and simple hair comb in apical margin, S5 shiny on basal half and short, sparser, pale yellow hairs on remaining part with black, serrated papillae at apical margin (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-I Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., paratype, male A head in frontal view B mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view C T 4 - 7 in dorsal view D fore wing in dorsal view E abdomen in latero-ventral view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H genitalia in dorsal view I genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (C, H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628694" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
This species is most similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. (Bathanthidium) bifoveolatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="bifoveolatum" subGenus="Bathanthidium">B. (Bathanthidium) bifoveolatum</taxonomicName>
(Alfken, 1937), but can be easily distinguished from the later by the mandible with the lowest tooth slightly rounded in both sexes (mandible with the lowest tooth acute in both sexes of
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. bifoveolatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="bifoveolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B. bifoveolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); clypeus entirely black in female (clypeus laterally with yellow markings in female of
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. bifoveolatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="bifoveolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B. bifoveolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); mandible basally with dull yellow marking in male (mandible with yellow marking extending from base to nearly top in male of
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. bifoveolatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="bifoveolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B. bifoveolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); mesoscutum latero-anteriorly with small faint yellowish-orange spots or absent, scutellum, pronotal lobe black in both sexes (mesoscutum anteriorly and scutellum apically with thin and long yellow marking interrupted medially; pronotal lobe with yellow marking basally in both sexes of
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. bifoveolatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="bifoveolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B. bifoveolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); T2 with yellowish-orange entirely bands, not interrupted medially in both sexes (T2 laterally with yellow markings in both sexes of
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. bifoveolatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="bifoveolatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B. bifoveolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="nest biology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Nest biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
A nest was discovered in a wooden plank in the door of a house, the entrance hole of the nest with a diameter of about 4 mm (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-H Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium Bathanthidium s. str.) Bathanthidium Bathanthidium paco Tran &amp; Nguyen, sp. nov., holotype, female A head in frontal view B mandible in frontal view C propodeum in lateral view, showing the fovea behind propodeal spiracle D mesoscutum and scutellum in dorsal view E fore wing in dorsal view F habitus in dorsal view G habitus in lateral view H nest entrance. Scale bars: 5 mm (H); 1 mm (A, C, E, F, G); 0.5 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628692" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">1H</figureCitation>
). A female specimen was observed and collected when flying out from the nest. Male specimens were collected in the garden behind the wooden house.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Northern Vietnam (Hoa Binh province).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">The specific name refers to the type locality, Pa Co commune in Hoa Binh province, it is treated as a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="5826593" doi="10.3897/jhr.88.73969.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/628695" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mavromoustakis" authorityYear="1953" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Bathanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathanthidium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Bathanthidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in the Indomalayan region.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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