treatments-xml/data/03/F5/94/03F5945FFFBC1E58FF5CF94CFF42C2EF.xml

<document id="D1F8A470126F84D67D92FFF01540DFA9" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445358" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630458879514" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Biju, S. D. &amp; Bossuyt, Franky" docDate="2009" docId="03F5945FFFBC1E58FF5CF94CFF42C2EF" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (2)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Philautus bobingeri Biju &amp; Bossuyt 2005" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="399" masterDocId="FFCCEC27FFAB1E41FFE9FFFDFF8CC65A" masterDocTitle="Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="374" pageNumber="397" updateTime="1699278541911" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="2D93BAD42E2BA17FE8F036735698E0CE">Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3D0AB78E672EEF9479F9FF05A20EEEA3">Biju, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="310D17A40BCDE0584A79CF12789C49A3">Bossuyt, Franky</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="56519ECCF2E8267F34EAB552D593D720">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="298F11260345441AF95965B1CDDE21C0">2009</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C34676C2FFBC1E56FF5CF94CFD5DC09C" box="[181,721,1712,1734]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFBC1E56FF5CF94CFD5DC09C" blockId="23.[181,721,1712,1734]" box="[181,721,1712,1734]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">
<heading id="D0AB9225FFBC1E56FF5CF94CFD5DC09C" box="[181,721,1712,1734]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FF5CF94CFD5DC09C" ID-CoL="6V9YH" authority="BIJU &amp; BOSSUYT, 2005" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[181,721,1712,1734]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="379" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FF5CF94CFE35C09E" box="[181,441,1713,1734]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">PHILAUTUS BOBINGERI</emphasis>
BIJU &amp; BOSSUYT, 2005
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34676C2FFBC1E58FEE8F92AFF42C2EF" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFBC1E56FEE8F92AFD09C0B7" blockId="23.[257,645,1750,1773]" box="[257,645,1750,1773]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">
(
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFBC1E56FEE0F92AFEDAC0B6" box="[265,342,1751,1772]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[164,243,1531,1550]" captionTargetBox="[167,1442,195,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-103@6.[164,1444,193,1501]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum-likelihood phylogram (GTR + G + I; –Ln L = 14 763.97) for the mitochondrial DNA data set of 1488 bp of 34 taxa of Western Ghats Philautus and five outgroup species. Numbers above branches indicate nonparametric bootstrap values under maximum parsimony (MP). Numbers below branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities. *Values of less than 50." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445362/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">FIGS 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFBC1E56FE8CF92BFEF9C0B6" box="[357,373,1750,1772]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[164,243,799,818]" captionTargetBox="[423,1184,200,767]" captionTargetId="figure-502@8.[419,1187,197,770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Morphometric distinction between males of four green Philautus species: Z, Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov.; -, Philautus bobingeri; O, Philautus glandulosus; and •, Philautus jayarami sp. nov. The ratio of the snout length (SL)/eye length (EL) is plotted against the snout–vent length SVL (see Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445368/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFBC1E56FE6DF92AFE2EC0B6" box="[388,418,1751,1772]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="23.[806,885,717,736]" captionTargetBox="[810,1419,196,687]" captionTargetId="figure-693@23.[810,1419,196,687]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 13. Holotype of Philautus bobingeri (BNHS 4272) from Ponmudi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445384/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">13</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFBC1E56FE58F92AFE6EC0B6" box="[433,482,1751,1772]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="24.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[186,1421,196,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-0@24.[184,1424,193,1812]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 14. Distribution map. A, Philautus bobingeri; B, Philautus bombayensis; C, map showing Travancore (shaded in grey), from which the type of Philautus chalazodes was collected; D, Philautus charius." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445386/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">14A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFBC1E56FE18F92AFD83C0B6" box="[497,527,1751,1772]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">19</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FFBC1E56FDF7F92AFDF0C0B7" box="[542,636,1751,1773]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">TABLE 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFBC1E56FF79F903FAD4C50E" blockId="23.[144,759,1789,1903]" lastBlockId="23.[806,1421,799,852]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FF79F903FEB8C148" box="[144,308,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFBC1E56FED7F900FAD4C50E" collectionCode="SVL" location="Thiruvananthapuram District" municipality="Ponmudi" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" specimenCode="BNHS 4272, BNHS 4273-4274, BNHS 4443, TBGRI 2002.0055, BNHS 4275, FMNH 218114" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="2" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFBC1E56FED7F900FE2BC149" box="[318,423,1789,1811]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFBC1E56FE5DF900FDCCC148" box="[436,576,1789,1810]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">BNHS 4272</specimenCode>
, an adult male, 
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFFBC1E56FF79F8E1FF4EC16B" box="[144,194,1820,1841]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">SVL</collectionCode>
<quantity id="4CA488ACFFBC1E56FF26F8E1FEBDC16B" box="[207,305,1820,1841]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="21.3">21.3 mm</quantity>
from 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B87BF33FFBC1E56FE6BF8E1FE67C168" box="[386,491,1820,1842]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">Ponmudi</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E837392FFBC1E56FE14F8E1FF66C10A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFFBC1E58FF5CF94CFF42C2EF:8E837392FFBC1E56FE14F8E1FF66C10A" municipality="Ponmudi" name="Thiruvananthapuram District" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" stateProvince="Kerala">Thiruvananthapuram District</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFFBC1E56FF14F8C7FEC1C10A" box="[253,333,1850,1872]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">Kerala</collectingRegion>
; 
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFBC1E56FE88F8C6FE59C10A" box="[353,469,1851,1872]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFBC1E56FE01F8C7FD30C115" box="[488,700,1850,1871]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">BNHS 4273–4274</specimenCode>
and 
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFBC1E56FF79F8A4FEA8C134" box="[144,292,1881,1902]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">BNHS 4443</specimenCode>
(ex 
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFBC1E56FE87F8A4FDC7C135" box="[366,587,1881,1903]" collectionCode="TBGRI" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">TBGRI 2002.0055</specimenCode>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FFBC1E56FD83F8A4FD7AC135" box="[618,758,1881,1903]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" type="adult">three adult</specimenCount>
males, and 
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFBC1E56FC40FCE2FBBDC56F" box="[937,1073,799,821]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">BNHS 4275</specimenCode>
and 
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFBC1E56FB83FCDDFA9AC56E" box="[1130,1302,799,821]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" type="Museum">FMNH 218114</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FFBC1E56FAC8FCDDFA01C56F" box="[1313,1421,799,821]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
females, from the same locality as the holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFBC1E56FCCFFC7DFB56C5EF" blockId="23.[806,1421,896,949]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FCCFFC7DFBBFC5CF" box="[806,1075,896,917]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">Other material studied:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FFBC1E56FBD2FC7CFB5AC5EF" collectionCode="FMNH" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" specimenCode="FMNH 218111-218113" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1">
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FFBC1E56FBD2FC7CFAC9C5CF" box="[1083,1349,896,918]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" type="Museum">FMNH 218111–218113</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FFBC1E56FAB8FC7DFCEEC5EF" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" type="adult">three adult</specimenCount>
males, from Ponmudi (
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FFBC1E56FB9EFC62FB41C5EF" box="[1143,1229,927,949]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">Table 2</tableCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFBC1E56FCCFFC1FFA90C294" blockId="23.[806,1422,993,1903]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FCCFFC1FFB02C5AC" box="[806,1166,993,1015]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">
Diagnosis: 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FC40FC1CFB02C5AC" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[937,1166,993,1014]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">Philautus bobingeri</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from known congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) medium adult size (SVL 25.5 ± 2.0 mm, 
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FCCFFBC3FCB6C209" box="[806,826,1086,1107]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">N</emphasis>
= 7); (2) rather flat body; (3) finger tips oval; (4) uniformly granular dorsum; (5) upper arm yellowish, turns whitish in preservation; (6) anterior and posterior surface of thighs light red to dark fleshy red in life, turns greyish to white in preservation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFBC1E58FCD6FB2AFE0CC6A0" blockId="23.[806,1422,993,1903]" lastBlockId="25.[144,759,198,250]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">
Because of the dorsal green coloration, this species may be confused with other green 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FB42FB08FAFEC351" box="[1195,1394,1269,1291]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FB42FB08FA97C350" box="[1195,1307,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">Philautus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
of this region. However, this species differs from all other members by a number of constant characters, the most obvious being shown in 
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFBC1E56FB48FAACFA9EC33C" box="[1185,1298,1361,1383]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">Figure 19</figureCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FAF4FAACFC1CC3DE" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FAF4FAACFC1CC3DE" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">Philautus bobingeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FBFBFA8DFB46C3DE" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1042,1226,1391,1413]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FBFBFA8DFB46C3DE" box="[1042,1226,1391,1413]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFBC1E56FB3AFA8DFAA7C3DF" box="[1235,1323,1392,1413]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FADFFA8DFCF1C3F9" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FADFFA8DFCF1C3F9" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FC20FA73FBDCC3F9" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[969,1104,1422,1443]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FC20FA73FBDCC3F9" box="[969,1104,1422,1443]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFBC1E56FBB4FA73FB34C3F9" box="[1117,1208,1422,1443]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
closely in overall morphology and coloration. However, the former differs largely from 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FBEEFA31FB27C3BA" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1031,1195,1483,1505]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FBEEFA31FB27C3BA" box="[1031,1195,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FB0DFA31FAEAC3BB" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1252,1382,1484,1505]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FB0DFA31FAEAC3BB" box="[1252,1382,1484,1505]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFBC1E56FA84FA36FCD8C3A5" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by a number of distinct characters: relatively small snout–vent length, SVL 22.5 ± 2.0 mm, 
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FAA0F9F4FAD1C044" box="[1353,1373,1545,1566]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">N</emphasis>
= 7, male (vs. relatively larger: SVL 25.2 ± 2.0 mm, 
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FAA0F9DAFAD1C066" box="[1353,1373,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">N</emphasis>
= 4, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FCB8F9BBFB8FC000" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[849,1027,1605,1627]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FCB8F9BBFB8FC000" box="[849,1027,1605,1627]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; SVL 26.3 ± 2.0 mm, 
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FAF6F9BBFABFC001" box="[1311,1331,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">N</emphasis>
= 6, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FCCFF998FC3CC020" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[806,944,1637,1658]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FCCFF998FC3CC020" box="[806,944,1637,1658]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFBC1E56FC57F999FB97C023" box="[958,1051,1636,1657]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
) (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFBC1E56FBD1F999FBF6C020" box="[1080,1146,1636,1658]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[164,243,799,818]" captionTargetBox="[423,1184,200,767]" captionTargetId="figure-502@8.[419,1187,197,770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Morphometric distinction between males of four green Philautus species: Z, Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov.; -, Philautus bobingeri; O, Philautus glandulosus; and •, Philautus jayarami sp. nov. The ratio of the snout length (SL)/eye length (EL) is plotted against the snout–vent length SVL (see Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445368/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
), rather flat body (vs. slender body in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FC02F97EFB19C0C2" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1003,1173,1667,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FC02F97EFB19C0C2" box="[1003,1173,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FB30F97EFAECC0C2" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1241,1376,1667,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FB30F97EFAECC0C2" box="[1241,1376,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFBC1E56FA84F97EFCDAC0ED" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), oval finger tips (vs. rounded finger tips in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FA90F95FFC3CC08F" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FA90F95FFC3CC08F" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FC1BF93DFBF4C08F" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1010,1144,1728,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FC1BF93DFBF4C08F" box="[1010,1144,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFBC1E56FB6DF93DFB53C08F" box="[1156,1247,1728,1749]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), light to dark fleshy red in life, without markings (vs. dorsal surface of forearm and loreal region yellow, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FB08F903FA0AC148" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1249,1414,1789,1811]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FB08F903FA0AC148" box="[1249,1414,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; anterior and posterior parts of thigh, groin, and lateral side of abdomen white with occasionally large bluish black spots in life, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFBC1E56FB84F8A4FB7DC134" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1133,1265,1881,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayarami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFBC1E56FB84F8A4FB7DC134" box="[1133,1265,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="397">P. jayarami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFBC1E56FB10F8A4FADEC134" box="[1273,1362,1881,1902]" pageId="23" pageNumber="397" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). For differences with 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFB21E58FEA2FF3AFD8EC681" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[331,514,198,220]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="akroparallagi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB21E58FEA2FF3AFD8EC681" box="[331,514,198,220]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">P. akroparallagi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FFB21E58FDE0FF3BFDD1C681" box="[521,605,198,219]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
see ‘comparison’ of those species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2375C1FFB31E59FF4DF8CFFBDCC139" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445386" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445386/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="398" startId="24.[164,243,1842,1861]" targetBox="[186,1421,196,1809]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFB31E59FF4DF8CFFBDCC139" blockId="24.[164,1441,1842,1891]" pageId="24" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB31E59FF4DF8CFFE95C11C" bold="true" box="[164,281,1842,1862]" pageId="24" pageNumber="398">Figure 14.</emphasis>
Distribution map. A, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFB31E59FDEEF8CEFD5BC11C" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2005" box="[519,727,1843,1862]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="24" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bobingeri">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB31E59FDEEF8CEFD5BC11C" box="[519,727,1843,1862]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="398">Philautus bobingeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFB31E59FCEAF8CEFC79C11C" box="[771,1013,1843,1862]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="24" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bombayensis">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB31E59FCEAF8CEFC79C11C" box="[771,1013,1843,1862]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="398">Philautus bombayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; C, map showing Travancore (shaded in grey), from which the type of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFB31E59FE0EF8ADFD4BC139" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[487,711,1872,1891]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="24" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chalazodes">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB31E59FE0EF8ADFD4BC139" box="[487,711,1872,1891]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="398">Philautus chalazodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected; D, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFB31E59FC64F8ADFBC6C139" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1937" box="[909,1098,1872,1891]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="24" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="charius">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB31E59FC64F8ADFBC6C139" box="[909,1098,1872,1891]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="398">Philautus charius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFB21E58FF79FED9FD7BC702" blockId="25.[144,759,291,344]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB21E58FF79FED9FE4FC762" box="[144,451,291,313]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">
Description of the 
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFB21E58FEB6FEDEFE32C762" box="[351,446,291,312]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
A detailed description and illustrations were published in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD58B8FFB21E58FE04FEBFFD7FC702" author="Biju SD &amp; Bossuyt F" box="[493,755,322,344]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" pagination="29 - 37" refId="ref42861" refString="Biju SD, Bossuyt F. 2005 b. Two new Philautus (Anura: Ranidae, Rhacophorinae) from Ponmudi Hills in the Western Ghats of India. Copeia 2005: 29 - 37." type="journal article" year="2005">Biju &amp; Bossuyt (2005b)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFB21E58FF79FE7DFD52C4BD" blockId="25.[144,759,384,743]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB21E58FF79FE7DFEB4C7CF" box="[144,312,384,406]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Colour in life:</emphasis>
Dorsum uniform leaf green, without markings (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFB21E58FEE3FE62FED6C7EF" box="[266,346,415,437]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="23.[806,885,717,736]" captionTargetBox="[810,1419,196,687]" captionTargetId="figure-693@23.[810,1419,196,687]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 13. Holotype of Philautus bobingeri (BNHS 4272) from Ponmudi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445384/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
), lateral side red, without markings, loreal and tympanic regions leaf green (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFB21E58FD80FE40FD35C78E" box="[617,697,445,468]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
), iris golden brown with dark-brown spots, encircled by a thin bluish black outer ring, lower arm leaf green, upper arm yellowish, hand yellowish red, finger tips light red, thigh with a leaf-green line extending from dorsum to knee, anterior and posterior margins red, without markings, shank almost completely leaf green, tarsus with an extremely thin leaf-green line, forelimbs and hindlimbs without cross bands; throat white or slightly light yellow, hands and feet light yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFB21E58FF79FCEDFD58C519" blockId="25.[144,759,783,836]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB21E58FF79FCEDFE8CC57F" box="[144,256,784,805]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Variation:</emphasis>
Measurements of 
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FFB21E58FE0BFCF2FD14C57F" box="[482,664,783,805]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" type="generic">nine specimens</specimenCount>
, including six from the 
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFB21E58FEBFFCD2FE0BC51E" box="[342,391,815,836]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">type</typeStatus>
series, are given in 
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FFB21E58FD93FCD3FD43C519" box="[634,719,814,836]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Table 2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFB21E58FF79FC90FE3FC5A7" blockId="25.[144,758,877,1021]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB21E58FF79FC90FD87C5D8" box="[144,523,877,898]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Distribution and natural history:</emphasis>
Ponmudi in 
<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFFB21E58FD4BFC90FD7EC5D9" box="[674,754,877,899]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Kerala</collectingRegion>
, and Kakachi and Sengaltheri in 
<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFFB21E58FDB4FC76FD7AC5FB" box="[605,758,907,929]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="136739CCFFB21E58FF71FC57FF76C5E5" box="[152,250,938,960]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="24.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[186,1421,196,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-0@24.[184,1424,193,1812]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 14. Distribution map. A, Philautus bobingeri; B, Philautus bombayensis; C, map showing Travancore (shaded in grey), from which the type of Philautus chalazodes was collected; D, Philautus charius." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445386/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FFB21E58FEE3FC57FED1C59A" box="[266,349,938,960]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[164,228,200,219]" captionText="Table 1. Collection localities that are discussed in the text. Localities are arranged by state" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Most specimens were located on leaves, about 
<quantity id="4CA488ACFFB21E58FEC5FC35FEDAC584" box="[300,342,968,990]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
high in shrubs and small trees from evergreen forest patches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FFB21E58FF79FBDBFF42C2EF" blockId="25.[144,759,1062,1205]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB21E58FF79FBDBFF7CC261" box="[144,240,1062,1083]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">Remark:</emphasis>
This species was previously considered as 
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFFB21E58FF79FBB8FE96C203" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[144,282,1092,1114]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="femoralis">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB21E58FF79FBB8FE96C203" box="[144,282,1092,1114]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">P. femoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(FMNH 218111–218114) by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD58B8FFB21E58FD9CFBB8FF56C223" author="Inger RF &amp; Shaffer HB &amp; Koshy M &amp; Bakde R" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" pagination="551 - 570" refId="ref43700" refString="Inger RF, Shaffer HB, Koshy M, Bakde R. 1984. A report on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from the Ponmudi, Kerala, South India. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society 81: 551 - 570." type="journal article" year="1984">
Inger 
<emphasis id="B928F95BFFB21E58FD56FBB8FD7BC203" box="[703,759,1092,1114]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="399">et al.</emphasis>
(1984)
</bibRefCitation>
. The 
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFFB21E58FED8FB9EFE1BC222" box="[305,407,1123,1144]" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
TBGRI 2002.0055 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD58B8FFB21E58FD77FB9EFECDC2CD" author="Biju SD &amp; Bossuyt F" pageId="25" pageNumber="399" pagination="29 - 37" refId="ref42861" refString="Biju SD, Bossuyt F. 2005 b. Two new Philautus (Anura: Ranidae, Rhacophorinae) from Ponmudi Hills in the Western Ghats of India. Copeia 2005: 29 - 37." type="journal article" year="2005">Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2005b</bibRefCitation>
) was transferred to BNHS as BNHS 4443.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>