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153 lines
15 KiB
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<document id="E9E5BF8C59FB773CD85465A4F79B941C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8770e7d9-65f4-4cee-a935-a5f365a95f32" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="258895" ID-ZooBank="00F1BDB5-AB25-47A0-B789-2E05D2E683DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460009663303" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Beaver, Roger A., Ghahari, Hassan & Sanguansub, Sunisa" docDate="2016" docId="6B5C9A7C475BFFDDC797E342FA48F9D0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4098.3.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4098 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hypoborus ficus Erichson 1836" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="411" masterDocId="9765E2044751FFD7C700E71CFFD5FFD3" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran" masterLastPageNumber="441" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="411" updateTime="1698233404894" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="985A18F8E2B8BA1531A1B0ECE0515B65">
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<mods:title id="8A0B60DD872CF6602659AFC35978150F">An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="26A46978DC63B13F97FB6012E00021E3" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D22A38A694FC0586807C248BF771726A">
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<mods:namePart id="F383D2150040165529A16761AE05FFC4">Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D95CEA0F7A4C24281D165E5AD3A2ABBF" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C5143C95AAE56BECF72CF5DD376F3DD3">Ghahari, Hassan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FF80F86DEB3C13C883F4E5924EB25A2B" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A3330F4380B59B1456C29A5B2E26EFAE">Sanguansub, Sunisa</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="59051E506213F75AA628178584DA35D7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="16F564F723FEB60C91D70D438E34591A">
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<mods:title id="ACF5A45C8CF2B4943BC42F3F05560503">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="9481DB2AA7B98FDEAE3EB4E73C8C022B">
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<mods:date id="9DD2010D73574C78E6869A05877421F2">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="14917B251814095F4D422280599D0758" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5BEA6D4640EB633288A001275BEFDA04">4098</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="9042B832D2C9D782107A2083174C80C8" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="E89E3DED5A48A48A863DE5DF2DC6041B">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C2B5D6D6640ECB13869BC8309043FFD0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="87660390F934E45C898CD7AE3913B74A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6B5C9A7C475BFFDDC797E342FA48F9D0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669413" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119381162" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5669413" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6B5C9A7C475BFFDDC797E342FA48F9D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B5C9A7C475BFFDDC797E342FA48F9D0" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E1475BFFDDC797E342FDF5FBA4" box="[151,544,1118,1143]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475BFFDDC797E342FDF5FBA4" blockId="10.[151,544,1118,1143]" box="[151,544,1118,1143]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<heading id="B8029C06475BFFDDC797E342FDF5FBA4" bold="true" box="[151,544,1118,1143]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475BFFDDC797E342FDF5FBA4" ID-CoL="3NT7J" authority="Erichson, 1836" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,544,1118,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hypoborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ficus">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC797E342FDF5FBA4" bold="true" box="[151,544,1118,1143]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC797E342FE80FBA4" bold="true" box="[151,341,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Hypoborus ficus</emphasis>
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(Erichson, 1836)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E1475BFFDDC797E3BAFB8FFAD4" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475BFFDDC797E3BAFC71FB30" blockId="10.[151,1437,1190,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC797E3BAFE58FB6C" bold="true" box="[151,397,1190,1215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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Distribution in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475BFFDDC651E3BAFE5DFB6C" box="[337,392,1190,1215]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Iran</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475BFFDDC695E3BBFE1DFB6D" box="[405,456,1191,1214]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Fars</collectingCountry>
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, Khorasan, Tehran (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC5ADE3BAFC74FB6C" author="Modarres" box="[685,929,1190,1215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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), Guilan (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC312E3BAFAD0FB6C" author="Modarres" box="[1042,1285,1190,1215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC213E3BAFF06FB30" author="Amini" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Amini, S., Hosseini, R. & Sohani, M. M. (2013) A faunal study of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Guilan province in North of Iran. Entomofauna, 34, 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="2013">
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Amini
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC262E3BBFA41FB6C" box="[1378,1428,1190,1215]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">et al</emphasis>
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. 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475BFFDDC7E6E3D7FEC6FB31" box="[230,275,1227,1250]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Iran</collectingCountry>
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(no locality cited) (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC6F0E3D6FD2CFB30" author="Mifsud" box="[496,761,1226,1251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Mifsud, D. & Knizek, M. (2009) The bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) of the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Malta, 2, 25 - 52." type="journal article" year="2009">Mifsud & Knížek 2009</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC405E3D6FC4DFB30" author="Knizek" box="[773,920,1226,1251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Knizek, M. (2011) Platypodinae and Scolytinae. In: Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 7. Curculionoidea I. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 201 - 251." type="book" year="2011">Knížek 2011</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475BFFDDC7C7E3F2FB8FFAD4" blockId="10.[151,1437,1190,1539]" box="[199,1114,1262,1287]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC7C7E3F2FE16FAD4" bold="true" box="[199,451,1262,1287]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">General distribution.</emphasis>
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Southern Europe, Azores, North Africa, East to
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475BFFDDC4E4E3F2FB83FAD4" box="[996,1110,1262,1287]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E1475BFFDDC7C7E20EFA48F9D0" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A475BFFDDC7C7E20EFA48F9D0" blockId="10.[151,1437,1190,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC7C7E20EFEF2FAF8" bold="true" box="[199,295,1298,1323]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Biology.</emphasis>
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Recorded in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475BFFDDC6C5E20FFE27FAF9" box="[453,498,1299,1322]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Iran</collectingCountry>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475BFFDDC53CE208FD19FAF8" box="[572,716,1300,1323]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carica">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC53CE208FD19FAF8" box="[572,716,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Ficus carica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475BFFDDC407E208FC90FAF8" box="[775,837,1300,1323]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC407E208FC90FAF8" box="[775,837,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Ficus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475BFFDDC480E20FFC27FAF8" box="[896,1010,1299,1323]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC30BE20EFAD4FAF8" author="Modarres" box="[1035,1281,1298,1323]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC20FE20EFF01FA9C" author="Amini" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Amini, S., Hosseini, R. & Sohani, M. M. (2013) A faunal study of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Guilan province in North of Iran. Entomofauna, 34, 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="2013">
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Amini
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC261E208FA40FAF8" box="[1377,1429,1298,1323]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">et al</emphasis>
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. 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC7E8E22AFE4BFA9C" author="Kadyrov" box="[232,414,1334,1359]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Kadyrov, A. Kh. (1989) On the bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) of southwestern Tajikistan. Entomological Review, 68, 12 - 18." type="journal article" year="1989">Kadyrov (1989)</bibRefCitation>
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gives a brief account of the biology of the species in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475BFFDDC30CE22AFBA8FA9C" box="[1036,1149,1334,1359]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
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, and indicates that it is a serious pest of figs in that country. The species attacks weakened trees, and can cause death of branches and trees if present in high numbers (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC6B8E262FDA9FA44" author="Aksit" box="[440,636,1406,1431]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Aksit, T., Cakmak, I. & Moser, J. (2007) Attack by Pyemotes johnmoseri (Acari: Pyemotidae) on Hypoborus ficus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in fig trees in Turkey. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 41, 251 - 254. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 007 - 9063 - 4" type="journal article" year="2007">
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Akşit
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC6FEE263FDFAFA44" box="[510,559,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">et al</emphasis>
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. 2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Infestations occur throughout the entire year.
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC393E262FAB1FA44" box="[1171,1380,1406,1431]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Aksit, T., Cakmak, I. & Moser, J. (2007) Attack by Pyemotes johnmoseri (Acari: Pyemotidae) on Hypoborus ficus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in fig trees in Turkey. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 41, 251 - 254. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 007 - 9063 - 4" type="journal article">
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Akşit
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC3D8E263FADCFA44" box="[1240,1289,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">et al</emphasis>
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. (2007)
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</bibRefCitation>
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note that the parasitic mite,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475BFFDDC69AE2B8FCC1FA68" authority="Khaustov" authorityName="Khaustov" box="[410,788,1442,1467]" class="Arachnida" family="Pyemotidae" genus="Pyemotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="johnmoseri">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC69AE2B8FD5EFA68" box="[410,651,1442,1467]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Pyemotes johnmoseri</emphasis>
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(Khaustov)
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</taxonomicName>
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, was abundant in the gallery systems in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA475BFFDDC3DEE2BEFAFBFA68" box="[1246,1326,1442,1467]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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attacking primarily the larvae.
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B475BFFDDC693E2DAFDEAFA0C" author="Mendel" box="[403,575,1478,1503]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" refString="Mendel, Z. (1986) Hymenopterous parasitoids of bark beetles (Scolytidae) in Israel. Host relation, host plant, abundance and seasonal history. Entomophaga, 31, 113 - 125. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02372363" type="journal article" year="1986">Mendel (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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notes abundant attacks by an apparently host-specific braconid parasite,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E9475BFFDDC797E2F6FD93F9D1" authority="Ruschka. However" authorityName="Ruschka. However" box="[151,582,1514,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ecphylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudatus">
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<emphasis id="D181F778475BFFDDC797E2F6FEBCF9D0" box="[151,361,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Ecphylus caudatus</emphasis>
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Ruschka. However
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</taxonomicName>
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, the potential of these species to act as biological control agents is uncertain.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |