212 lines
22 KiB
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212 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="FE83EE644D4E701A0B3076196B30ED7A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8770e7d9-65f4-4cee-a935-a5f365a95f32" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="258895" ID-ZooBank="00F1BDB5-AB25-47A0-B789-2E05D2E683DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460009663303" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Beaver, Roger A., Ghahari, Hassan & Sanguansub, Sunisa" docDate="2016" docId="6B5C9A7C4744FFC2C797E3F3FB78F8D3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4098.3.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4098 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anisandrus dispar Fabricius 1792" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="422" masterDocId="9765E2044751FFD7C700E71CFFD5FFD3" masterDocTitle="An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran" masterLastPageNumber="441" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="422" updateTime="1698233404894" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="50F4633B0FF4393A42DDF66DB421A3A3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0E1188C3347BB9CFB553522346103CC7">
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<mods:title id="0E0DCFCA56E815ACF1AAF591D2D0368E">An annotated checklist of Platypodinae and Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="233696160D9DDE1394396C1CA0DD77C9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="AFAA2EC75EBB756168EF4740500D9A0D">
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<mods:namePart id="E503469B0472205AACBF75A978C6621B">Beaver, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="0EE2A1E197237A2F58683210167403D3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0413ED6D587326D435ED93AD58263DE5">Ghahari, Hassan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D42D10BF5A86A2E5DC723AC1503FE08F" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D194944EC021A62FEC56326E075283BF">Sanguansub, Sunisa</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9F21B2780A1365DCFAD5B14804EC481E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="DE0994AF2F93C0E3D605A2EC73C74A81">
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<mods:title id="E1662A2D7351A9314670B073B9F00969">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8FDD2C1C553268B6E08E3552866282A9">
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<mods:date id="FC9C53924700405573A43B19D08B26A7">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5F3FB85C1ABFDB88A6D6F03695E6CC6B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CD1BA0028C257CAAE77FC7E420A48B5C">4098</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FE599A7DC754B8D6879F1104FF10EEC2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="55BD6BE21A1496F61D7567F2CCAB9C84" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6B5C9A7C4744FFC2C797E3F3FB78F8D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669509" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119381228" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5669509" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6B5C9A7C4744FFC2C797E3F3FB78F8D3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B5C9A7C4744FFC2C797E3F3FB78F8D3" lastPageNumber="422" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14744FFC2C797E3F3FDE9FADB" box="[151,572,1263,1288]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4744FFC2C797E3F3FDE9FADB" blockId="21.[151,572,1263,1288]" box="[151,572,1263,1288]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<heading id="B8029C064744FFC2C797E3F3FDE9FADB" bold="true" box="[151,572,1263,1288]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C797E3F3FDE9FADB" ID-CoL="66PZ7" authority="Fabricius, 1792" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1792" box="[151,572,1263,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anisandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C797E3F3FDE9FADB" bold="true" box="[151,572,1263,1288]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C797E3F3FEB9FADB" bold="true" box="[151,364,1263,1288]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Anisandrus dispar</emphasis>
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(Fabricius, 1792)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14744FFC2C797E22BFF2AFA33" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4744FFC2C797E22BFC73FA4B" blockId="21.[151,1436,1335,1792]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C797E22BFE5CFA83" bold="true" box="[151,393,1335,1360]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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Distribution in
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C64DE22BFE51FA83" box="[333,388,1335,1360]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Iran</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari, Hamadan, Isfahan, Khorasan, Markazi, Tehran, Zanjan (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C22FE22BFEC0FAA7" author="Modarres" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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), Golestan (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C6A0E240FDA4FAA7" author="Samin" box="[416,625,1372,1397]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Samin, N., Sakenin, H. & Rastegar, J. (2011) A study of the species composition of Scolytidae (Coleoptera) of north and northwestern Iran. Amurian Zoological Journal, 3, 265 - 267." type="journal article" year="2011">
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Samin
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C6F3E241FDF3FAA6" box="[499,550,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">et al</emphasis>
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. 2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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), Guilan (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C5E4E240FC74FAA7" author="Borumand" box="[740,929,1372,1397]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Borumand, H. (1998) Insects of Iran: the list of coleoptera in the insect collection of Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute: Coleoptera (XXIV), Curculionoidea, Fam. 162, 166 - 171 (Anthribidae, Attelabidae, Brentidae, Apionidae, Curculionidae, Scolytidae, Platypodidae. Plants Pests and Diseases Research Institute, Tehran, 110 pp." type="book chapter" year="1998">Borumand 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C4AEE240FBABFAA7" author="Samin" box="[942,1150,1372,1397]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Samin, N., Sakenin, H. & Rastegar, J. (2011) A study of the species composition of Scolytidae (Coleoptera) of north and northwestern Iran. Amurian Zoological Journal, 3, 265 - 267." type="journal article" year="2011">
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Samin
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C4FFE241FBE6FAA6" box="[1023,1075,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">et al</emphasis>
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. 2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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), Mazandaran (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C22FE240FEC6FA4B" author="Modarres" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C61FE263FE32FA4B" author="Samin" box="[287,487,1407,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Samin, N., Sakenin, H. & Rastegar, J. (2011) A study of the species composition of Scolytidae (Coleoptera) of north and northwestern Iran. Amurian Zoological Journal, 3, 265 - 267." type="journal article" year="2011">
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Samin
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C66DE29DFE4BFA4B" box="[365,414,1407,1432]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">et al</emphasis>
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. 2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C6FBE29CFDFDFA44" box="[507,552,1408,1431]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Iran</collectingCountry>
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(no locality cited) (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C404E263FC4FFA4B" author="Knizek" box="[772,922,1407,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Knizek, M. (2011) Platypodinae and Scolytinae. In: Lobl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 7. Curculionoidea I. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 201 - 251." type="book" year="2011">Knížek 2011</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4744FFC2C7C7E2B8FF2AFA33" blockId="21.[151,1436,1335,1792]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C7C7E2B8FE13FA6E" bold="true" box="[199,454,1444,1469]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">General distribution.</emphasis>
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Europe, through
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C592E2B8FD08FA6E" box="[658,733,1444,1469]" name="Russia" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Russia</collectingCountry>
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and Central Asia to
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C4D2E2B8FBC0FA6E" box="[978,1045,1444,1469]" name="China" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">China</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C351E2B9FB41FA6F" box="[1105,1172,1445,1468]" name="Japan" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Japan</collectingCountry>
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. Introduced into North
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C797E2DBFF2EFA33" box="[151,251,1479,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="America" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C797E2DBFF2EFA33" box="[151,251,1479,1504]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">America</collectingCountry>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ABEF78E14744FFC2C7C7E2F0FB78F8D3" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="E34A2B6A4744FFC2C7C7E2F0FB78F8D3" blockId="21.[151,1436,1335,1792]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C7C7E2F0FEF2F9D6" bold="true" box="[199,295,1516,1541]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Biology.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C62EE2F0FE2BF9D6" box="[302,510,1516,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anisandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dispar">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C62EE2F0FE2BF9D6" box="[302,510,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Anisandrus dispar</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been recorded from many host species in numerous families (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C3EBE2F0FF06F9FB" author="Wood" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Wood, S. L. & Bright, D. E. (1992) A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2: Taxonomic index. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 13, 1 - 1553." type="journal article" year="1992">Wood & Bright 1992</bibRefCitation>
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). In
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C606E10CFEE3F9F4" box="[262,310,1552,1575]" name="Iran" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Iran</collectingCountry>
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, it is recorded from
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C51DE113FCB4F9FB" box="[541,865,1551,1576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pendula">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C51DE113FD1DF9FB" box="[541,712,1551,1576]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Betula pendula</emphasis>
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(Betulaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C46DE10CFC1EF9F4" box="[877,971,1552,1575]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C46DE10CFC1EF9F4" box="[877,971,1552,1575]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Quercus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C302E10CFBA5F9FB" box="[1026,1136,1552,1576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C384E113FA93F9FB" box="[1156,1350,1551,1576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cydonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblonga">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C384E113FA93F9FB" box="[1156,1350,1551,1576]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Cydonia oblonga</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C256E113FED7F99E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientalis">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C256E113FED7F99E" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Malus orientalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C610E129FE1CF99E" box="[272,457,1588,1613]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Persica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C610E129FE1CF99E" box="[272,457,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Persica vulgaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C6D7E129FD7DF99F" box="[471,680,1589,1612]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="armeniaca">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C6D7E129FD7DF99F" box="[471,680,1589,1612]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Prunus armeniaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C5B5E129FC23F99F" box="[693,1014,1588,1612]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C5B5E129FCA5F99F" box="[693,880,1589,1612]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Pyrus communis</emphasis>
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(Rosaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C302E128FAE0F99E" box="[1026,1333,1588,1613]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C302E128FB77F99F" box="[1026,1186,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Populus nigra</emphasis>
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(Salicaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C240E128FAA0F998" box="[1344,1397,1588,1611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C240E128FAA0F998" box="[1344,1397,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Acer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C79EE14BFEFBF9A3" box="[158,302,1623,1648]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C646E14BFDE9F9A3" author="Modarres" box="[326,572,1623,1648]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Modarres Awal, M. (1997) Platypodidae, Scolytidae. In: Modarres Awal, M. (Ed.), List of agricultural pests and their natural enemies in Iran. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad, pp. 185, 192 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1997">Modarres Awal 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). The biology of the species is described by
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C340E14BFB05F9A3" author="Palm" box="[1088,1232,1623,1648]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Palm, T. (1959) Die Holz- und Rinden-Kafer der sud- und mittelschwedischen Laubbaume. Opuscula Entomologica, Supplementum, 16, 1 - 374." type="journal article" year="1959">Palm (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C3DEE14BFA42F9A3" author="Chararas" box="[1246,1431,1623,1648]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Chararas, C. (1962) Etude biologique des scolytides des coniferes. Encyclopedie Entomologique, Series A, 38. Lechevalier, Paris, 556 pp." type="book" year="1962">Chararas (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C797E161FEF8F947" author="Egger" box="[151,301,1660,1685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Egger, A. (1973) Beitrage zur Biologie und Bekampfung von Xyleborus (Anisandrus) dispar F. und X. saxeseni Ratz. (Col., Scolytidae). Anzeiger fur Schadlingskunde, Pflanzen- und Umweltschutz, 46, 183 - 186." type="journal article" year="1973">Egger (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C667E160FD5AF946" author="French" box="[359,655,1660,1685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="French, J. R. J. & Roeper, R. A. (1975) Studies on the biology of the ambrosia beetle Xyleborus dispar (F.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie, 78, 241 - 247. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1975. tb 04178. x" type="journal article" year="1975">French and Roeper (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C599E160FC5BF947" box="[665,910,1660,1685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Speranza, S., Bucini, D. & Paparatti, B. (2009) New observations on biology of European shot-hole borer (Xyleborus dispar (F.) on hazel in northern Latium (Central Italy). Acta Horticulturae, 845, 539 - 542. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.17660 / ActaHortic. 2009.845.84" type="journal article">
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Speranza
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C406E161FCE3F946" box="[774,822,1660,1685]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">et al</emphasis>
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. (2009)
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</bibRefCitation>
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examine the effects of temperature and rainfall on flight activity. Like many xyleborines, the species is attracted to ethanol (
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C4FCE183FADCF96B" author="Saruhan" box="[1020,1289,1695,1720]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Saruhan, I. & Akyol, H. (2012) Monitoring population density and fluctuations of Anisandrus dispar and Xyleborinus saxesenii (Coleoptera: Scolytinae, Curculionidae) in hazelnut orchards. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11, 4202 - 4207." type="journal article" year="2012">Saruhan & Akyol 2012</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C216E183FF01F90F" author="Galko" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Galko, J., Nikolov, C., Kimoto, T., Kunca, A., Gubka, A., Vakula, J., Zubrik, M. & Ostrihon, M. (2014) Attraction of ambrosia beetles to ethanol baited traps in a Slovakian oak forest. Biologia, 69, 1376 - 1383. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / s 11756 - 014 - 0443 - z" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Galko
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C263E1BDFA40F96B" box="[1379,1429,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">et al</emphasis>
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. 2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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). It is an important pest of hazel (
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C54CE1D8FCD8F90E" box="[588,781,1732,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="avellana">
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C54CE1D8FCD8F90E" box="[588,781,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Corylus avellana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<taxonomicName id="24F550E94744FFC2C425E1D8FC76F90E" box="[805,931,1732,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
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) in the Mediterranean area (e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C212E1D8FF06F8D3" author="Bucini" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Bucini, D., Balestra, G. M., Pucci, C. & Paparatti, B. (2005) Bio-ethology of Anisandrus dispar F. and its possible involvement in dieback (Moria) diseases of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) plants in central Italy. Acta Horticulturae, 686, 435 - 444. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.17660 / ActaHortic. 2005.686.60" type="journal article" year="2005">
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Bucini
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<emphasis id="D181F7784744FFC2C264E1D9FA40F90E" box="[1380,1429,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">et al</emphasis>
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. 2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8764569B4744FFC2C7DDE1FBFE33F8D3" author="Saruhan" box="[221,486,1767,1792]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Saruhan, I. & Akyol, H. (2012) Monitoring population density and fluctuations of Anisandrus dispar and Xyleborinus saxesenii (Coleoptera: Scolytinae, Curculionidae) in hazelnut orchards. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11, 4202 - 4207." type="journal article" year="2012">Saruhan & Akyol 2012</bibRefCitation>
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), and an occasional pest of fruit trees in the
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<collectingCountry id="9BE26BFA4744FFC2C4D3E1F4FBDEF8D3" box="[979,1035,1768,1792]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">USA</collectingCountry>
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(Wood 1982).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |