282 lines
34 KiB
XML
282 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="A0EE917472B2CED5DCD97C7A4B0883EB" ID-CLB-Dataset="30125" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7392eb62-5d84-4f6a-8c8a-9f4e351a84a7" ID-PMC="PMC5953965" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-755-1" ID-PubMed="29769836" ID-ZooBank="AADE14787C914355B776C4AEF28347BF" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-755-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 755" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" checkinTime="1525801749154" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Onuferko, Thomas M." docDate="2018" docId="8421F1B24FC21477102C9BED8EA1DE84" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 755: 1-185" docOrigin="ZooKeys 755" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939" docTitle="Epeolus minimus Robertson 1902" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="118" masterDocId="D91DD51C1718C109FF8EFFA6FFF3FF9F" masterDocTitle="A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="185" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1701379395747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="186CE967B77B69232298452F45A9D3E5">A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F8E67BE91B5FC26396282A6187328FD2">Onuferko, Thomas M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="A7CF6385A8F25A46442AF4ADB044D308">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="D8D717BF4EE5A876ACD3724BDC179803" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8421F1B24FC21477102C9BED8EA1DE84" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143842365" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8421F1B24FC21477102C9BED8EA1DE84" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8421F1B24FC21477102C9BED8EA1DE84" lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<subSubSection id="4AE50E9DE03A2775DADCB9C0615F747F" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A34C05FFC68F31DDC367C0E6E96A5782" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<pageBreakToken id="8361B4798A615DF495E529FD2DD044A1" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" start="start">33</pageBreakToken>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="36B4DF5421B9C1076B173166BB5F6B03" ID-CoL="6FNRT" authority="Robertson, 1902" authorityName="Robertson" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">Epeolus minimus (Robertson, 1902)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 69, 70, 101
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4A7B1EEE84ED51546ECE0998E9A9CA2D" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="02FA933330A4985F52C4D3C2327C665B" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName id="DDBB554D4AB7BA0F4E70723C4EFE5A20" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Triepeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triepeolus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">
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<pageBreakToken id="8C5FB230843DA4C67832C9D7C3B9F877" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" start="start">Triepeolus</pageBreakToken>
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minimus
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</taxonomicName>
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Robertson, 1902. Entomol. News 13: 81 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="501E293D1C090673246BE4795065B7C7" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName id="DD00AC3B9E0C317B091A0276C9C764A3" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Argyroselenis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyroselenis minima" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minima">Argyroselenis minima</taxonomicName>
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Robertson, 1903. Can. Entomol. 35: 284.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD7F74BA2CE922F122FD05984ADF38C3" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName id="E9AA1E7502A6E67F3DC783D1A5CFD20F" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus beulahensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beulahensis">Epeolus beulahensis</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell, 1904. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 13: 40 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C1DEE467CAE87DAB7F23E7D95D023C7E" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName id="ADFBF6D5F6CA10F2996F49F3284F324B" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus lutzi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutzi">Epeolus lutzi</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell, 1921. Am. Mus. Novit. 23: 16 (♂).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CAFA2E78064D8A6C5CC6CC75CFC23BF1" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName id="4AF65E18CD61B64ABAC7F43A83075B36" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus lutzi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="lutzi" subspecies="dimissus">Epeolus lutzi dimissus</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell, 1921. Am. Mus. Novit. 23: 16 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6FF11DA1319AD9B88DFFBA0DC9A52653" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName id="69CB107BF32C099809C2C72989CCE3F5" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus arciferus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arciferus">Epeolus arciferus</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell (in Cockerell and Sandhouse, 1924). Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (4) 13: 319 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FFD9E6B7E02AF7665A035A2693061406" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName id="DE7F2A634C96262C3789A3282A4081BD" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus pilatei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilatei">Epeolus pilatei</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell (in Cockerell and Sandhouse, 1924). Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (4) 13: 320 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F669D9C9A08FBFB70DB949C7DA772ED2" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName id="4E42E51128D19A8EB1C0EE885CE7216E" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus eastwoodae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eastwoodae">Epeolus eastwoodae</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell, 1937. Pan-Pac. Entomol. 13: 149 (♂).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8D734DA77E4E1286CD43240220F42E9F" lastPageId="115" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D9BBA9925ED53F3AD96904B1DAD9A949" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="420B9C1DDB29EBD3D1C2507635926A23" lastPageId="115" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
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The following morphological features in combination (excluding any that are specific to the opposite sex of the one being diagnosed) can be used to tell
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<taxonomicName id="D1EC26692DB7631C29BF0CBEC3D6FA85" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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apart from all other North American
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<taxonomicName id="A9E9E18EBE7BD28709160213C0FDE083" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epeolus</taxonomicName>
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except
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<taxonomicName id="5A188E8E2B9067F31A001D10D2EFB337" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="BE80F3A1E0AD0D5EE45BA776D861A938" lsidName="E. olympiellus" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="olympiellus">E. olympiellus</taxonomicName>
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: in females, F2 is at least 1.2
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<normalizedToken id="9F05188FFEE618FC6243EED765559E43" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide; the mesoscutum has distinct, evenly broad paramedian bands that may be joined posteriorly; the axilla is small to intermediate
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<pageBreakToken id="1FB56F7ADA7EAB11C7040C77B6CC1FEB" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" start="start">in</pageBreakToken>
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size, not extending much beyond the midlength of the mesoscutellum (extending to <2/3 its length) but the free portion is more than 1/4 as long as the entire medial length of the axilla, and the axilla (except sometimes the tip) and mesoscutellum are black; the mesopleuron is closely (most i<1d) and evenly punctate; T1 has a quadrangular discal patch, in dorsal view the longitudinal band is at least half as wide as the breadth of the apical fascia; and the T2 fascia has lobe-like anterolateral extensions of tomentum. Whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="D4B5E6E743C65AB5CD411A7B2BB3D648" lsidName="E. banksi" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="banksi">E. banksi</taxonomicName>
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the mesoscutum and metasomal terga have bands of gray short appressed setae, in
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<taxonomicName id="942F2B9321C448393C0B669CC1F15D99" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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the mesoscutum and metasomal terga have bands of off-white to pale yellow short appressed setae. In this respect,
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<taxonomicName id="B05A8C5F310C8187F46292C525E05CCC" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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more closely resembles
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<taxonomicName id="9FD4FC84F4B788AFE86409E9F247B997" lsidName="E. olympiellus" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="olympiellus">E. olympiellus</taxonomicName>
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, but in
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<taxonomicName id="5FF38FE6589D53BE95706B02F0E04C4A" lsidName="E. olympiellus" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="olympiellus">E. olympiellus</taxonomicName>
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the T3 and T4 fasciae are broken or at least narrowed laterally, as well as medially, whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="5D26BDD5D5109F7F5A33943B18A862C5" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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the T3 and T4 fasciae are not broken laterally, and are complete or narrowly interrupted medially.
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<taxonomicName id="01B4244ACA3BD5EE69904903A24919AF" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">Epeolus minimus</taxonomicName>
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is also similar to
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<taxonomicName id="61C69A95FA094757B15D221EF9902AD4" lsidName="E. axillaris" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="axillaris">E. axillaris</taxonomicName>
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, but in
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<taxonomicName id="BBC6A27F47AAB5384BF0B6A192FB0FBD" lsidName="E. axillaris" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" rank="species" species="axillaris">E. axillaris</taxonomicName>
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the metanotum has a distinct posteromedial depression (as opposed to being flat) and the axilla is more elongate, extending well beyond the midlength of the mesoscutellum but not as far back as its posterior margin.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="C41786E023A06DC853812CEAEC5F977E" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
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<paragraph id="1E1BFF3CA57E7A15566EAC109FF18754" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
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Figure 69.
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<taxonomicName id="B09879AB06E8572A84DB1132C7111A55" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">Epeolus minimus</taxonomicName>
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A female, lateral habitus (scale bar 3 mm) B female, dorsal habitus (scale bar 3 mm) C male, lateral habitus (scale bar 3 mm), and D female axillae and mesoscutellum, dorsal view (scale bar 0.5 mm; blue lines indicate the posterior extent of the axilla relative to the length of the mesoscutellum; red lines indicate the extent of the free portion of the axilla relative to its entire medial length).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9CF9CD0992900B9149E24A181B737B77" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" type="redescription">
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<paragraph id="4C962B72C3D489B3AB171A14AE5B58B9" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="45952F3074E8F9C27A77373CC42D0A65" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
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This species was recently redescribed (
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<bibRefCitation id="3D2100BEF8FC3F1F9F3C3781CF986D1E" author="Onuferko, TM" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" url="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2017.30" year="2017">Onuferko 2017</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5756EA443493D6F68311DE06EE089908" lastPageId="116" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="BE413F71232A13C5ABAC1829BF8A1B1B" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="37502AE44E8C83B22D5C7E9832D95FC5" lastPageId="116" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
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Widely distributed across Canada and the United States, although apparently more common in the west; not known to occur in parts of northeastern North America or the high arctic (Fig. 70). Also, the single (perhaps mislabelled) examined
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<pageBreakToken id="3C40EE2D0CE2DEBC1B8A8777BAA84BDE" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" start="start">specimen</pageBreakToken>
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from Florida is an extreme outlier, and given the lack of other examined material from the Southern United States the record should be treated with some skepticism.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="5C7061629A7219B55C2FD6A2A11940F7" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
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<paragraph id="EBB6BF4564147B1D833A58FD6E6F09F4" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Figure 70. Approximate geographic range of
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<taxonomicName id="43A20B011758CEC99AF517D997ED6D06" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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(orange) based on occurrence records known to the author (yellow circles).
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="27E797AF64832DB2AA5CD4A7A74B8BDC" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="2E0327B4ED63FDCD886C0A9F7276D94B" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="804FC0ADA959CF55DF0FB88704570820" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
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HOST RECORDS:
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<bibRefCitation id="F493EF03B2FECF547996D3FF9A2BEB88" author="Graenicher, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of The Wisconsin Natural History Society" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" pagination="135 - 142" title="A contribution to our knowledge of the visual memory of bees." volume="4" year="1906">Graenicher (1906)</bibRefCitation>
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||
associated
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<taxonomicName id="57DA5FD5DA707CF5A2E89D0DF00EE8CD" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
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||
(as
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<taxonomicName id="56A52819C4D4D3260C9D7706F296A1A4" lsidName="A. minima" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="minima">A. minima</taxonomicName>
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) with
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<taxonomicName id="370B0458E73C17250D6828C45B29AADC" lsidName="C. eulophi" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="eulophi">C. eulophi</taxonomicName>
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||
Robertson based on detailed observations of a female of the former inspecting and entering the nest of a female of the latter in Lake Woods, Wisconsin, USA. However, according to
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<bibRefCitation id="DC847BA7806B51FE0D66D5E8FCDE19F1" author="Stephen, WP" journalOrPublisher="The University of Kansas Science Bulletin" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" pagination="149 - 527" title="A revision of the bee genus Colletes in America North of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Colletidae)." volume="36" year="1954">Stephen (1954)</bibRefCitation>
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||
<normalizedToken id="B16AEBFD8041D8B0A1E186FA3EA66513" originalValue="Graenicher’s">Graenicher's</normalizedToken>
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||
record of
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<taxonomicName id="F4D28900AB0AE8142666443B0BFDC72B" lsidName="C. eulophi" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="eulophi">C. eulophi</taxonomicName>
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in Wisconsin is based on observations of
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<taxonomicName id="4C55B554A9D42AFB87AB07EFD6823E3D" lsidName="C. kincaidii" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="kincaidii">C. kincaidii</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="A02D8E9D8F7A452100FE00FC71D710BE" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">Epeolus minimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CD6452CF537F353CE10DE70C2CBBD87" lsidName="C. kincaidii" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="kincaidii">C. kincaidii</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Birds Hill Provincial Park and Spruce Woods Provincial Park, Manitoba, Canada where no
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A029289CB59B6552C4D3D896C1F82669" lsidName="C. eulophi" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="eulophi">C. eulophi</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected or observed (J. Gibbs, personal communication, 2017), so the association between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4A368A2D4C0915626E813A2EF84FDE7D" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="837106972ABB8A916C764B95B0AF85AA" lsidName="C. kincaidii" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="kincaidii">C. kincaidii</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems likely.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF3146442E6C04B1BFE28EEBE590105B" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||
FLORAL RECORDS: See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="039E45F8F375B4609AA07ED63512F01F" author="Onuferko, TM" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" url="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2017.30" year="2017">Onuferko (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Floral associations are also indicated in Suppl. material 1, which includes newly discovered associations with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18B0BD30A1A87CE4DF67F6A64034631" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Ericameria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ericameria nauseosa var. nauseosa" order="Asterales" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nauseosa" variety="nauseosa">Ericameria nauseosa var. nauseosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76DFB91D853B72E5274BA6DCCC292C8F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Medicago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Medicago" order="Fabales" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Medicago</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F028F2F96831A97C909EA169CF92D910" family="Leguminosae" lsidName="Thalestriina" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="family">Leguminosae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) based on labels of examined voucher specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E2734EFC84E62DAAE08D9D4637107E5" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0746DCB103F27348B9719E96668CBDA9" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3D633674C7FC01DB613BE79BC42F8DB9" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||
In
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA3BD26720031A1A23BB33644D6627D6" author="Onuferko, TM" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" url="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2017.30" year="2017">Onuferko (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CD9C124FE8DFC0DF7FD737C386C8E5D7" lsidName="E. minimus" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="minimus">E. minimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is said to be similar to a Californian species yet to be formally recognized, which herein is formally described under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="70CF935D9915E37AF5A68F9E5E0B9087" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus axillaris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="axillaris">Epeolus axillaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Detailed morphological and taxonomic remarks about this species are given in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="60220D9AB2BA549A5D7F6E26A7A7C8DC" author="Onuferko, TM" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" url="https://doi.org/10.3752/cjai.2017.30" year="2017">Onuferko (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="887E89EC8117287983ACDA38A363C31A" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">Epeolus minimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is among the most widespread and commonly collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACB6153F07630CA36B1177F00CDD618A" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epeolus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in North America.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EA47A8800D40F40F116D50603BDB2F54" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4E7C9E61901E2A88D45F7089965C9B58" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">Material studied.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C35A0954D08129C56B59751FB732547D" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Type material. Primary: USA: California:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D31E31C8D0803C11867981B619059DD7" originalValue="Cuyler’s">Cuyler's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cove (San Miguel Island), 27.vii.1937, T.D. Cockerell (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="056F5CFC2ACC83A893A1C33F8BFD0FEC" lsidName="E. eastwoodae" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="eastwoodae">E. eastwoodae</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype ♂ [CAS, catalog number: 04651]); Pacific Grove (Monterey County), ix.1920, F.E. Blaisdell (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="74450156AE81AF027DDF2E6B7188B9C1" lsidName="E. arciferus" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="arciferus">E. arciferus</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype ♀ [CAS, catalog number: 01614]); San Pedro, 25.x.1909, G.R. Pilate (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A91C6BBAF10BC05CEEA90E04CB2D63E" lsidName="E. pilatei" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="pilatei">E. pilatei</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype ♀ [CAS, catalog number: 01615]); Colorado: Leadville, 03-05.viii.1919 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA6471AA615CB1048B99C0BA8B3F571A" lsidName="E. lutzi" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="subspecies" species="lutzi" subspecies="dimissus">E. lutzi dimissus</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype ♀ [AMNH, catalog number: 25099]); Walsenburg, 14.vi.1919 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ADB95B5390B582A9F9DCBCAB76D5918A" lsidName="E. lutzi" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="lutzi">E. lutzi</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype ♂ [AMNH, catalog number: 25098]); Illinois: Carlinville (Macoupin County), C.A. Robertson (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB4EFA6EF227E3064EE9ABBD5340993D" lsidName="T. minimus" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="minimus">T. minimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype ♀ [INHS, catalog number: 62276]); New Mexico: Beulah, 11.vii.????, T.D. Cockerell (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1DD59BF3CAD5BCF71A495453D9BA496A" lsidName="E. beulahensis" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="beulahensis">E. beulahensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype ♀ [USNM, catalog number: 534040]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EE62F9E31C1F0AA2355089EA3B2626DE" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="299F2B10641C6114BFB54BA21DEC62E5" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">DNA barcoded material with BIN-compliant sequences.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="15B9797D6477BDF1DFA76DB46AE9B4F3" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Available. BOLD:AAD3554. Specimens examined and sequenced.-Canada: Alberta: 2♂ (PCYU); British Columbia:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5AA2D1C0742FF487657BAAC7E355EC44" originalValue="Haynes’">Haynes'</normalizedToken>
|
||
Lease Ecological Reserve (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AACDB49B1B7AEF4E738EDA8940CB44BB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="49.093">49.0930°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E82D22324E9C6FFD90A693E59ABDC5A5" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-119.52">119.5200°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 29.vi.-01.vii.2011, G.A. Gielens (1♀, RSKM); Manitoba: Spruce Woods Provincial Park (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="143A4B0C388D0D577EF72FFBD8E8D0BF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="49.663">49.6630°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="953C442FCA08D9246ADF27A5BD92F3E9" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-99.279">99.2790°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) (Spirit Sands, Division 7), 07.vii.2017, J. Gibbs and Nozoe (1♀, 1♂, JBWM); Ontario: 1♀, 1♂ (PCYU); Saskatchewan: 3♂ (PCYU); Saskatchewan Landing Provincial Park (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BEE6DB57BA6207AE0FFC8A0E06DD5CCF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="50.695">50.6950°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F9044DFCE7D9BD71287B7EEBC756BA6A" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-107.903">107.9030°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 03.vii.2013, A. Fortney and M. Anderson (1♂, RSKM); Yukon: 1♂ (RSKM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="056E9E625E5B10D06464FA7F5C929F49" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||
USA: California: 1♂ (EMEC); Colorado: 2♀ (PCYU); Morrison (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="309C11ECB5A4F3A58152F8C03EB6BBD5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="39.6677">39.6677°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="188A3C803CABD09BD86FC436A7DB2970" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-105.1968">105.1968°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) (SE Red Rocks Amphitheatre), 16.vi.2017, T.M. Onuferko (1♂, PCYU); Idaho: 2♀, 1♂ (BBSL, PCYU); Utah: 1♀ (BBSL).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B1691ADDA794D9DB8C24F85ABCB224ED" lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="72856FCF9C5E631BBBB6C77C582E0B71" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">Non-barcoded material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="01CA4D6E18BA63233B3DC6DAD72F10A2" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">Mexico: Baja California: San Vicente, 08.vii.1963, J. Powell (3♂, EMEC).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A7B1D9220FFD789D2D8FBB3BFD082532" lastPageId="117" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="116" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Canada: Alberta: 15♀, 10♂ (CNC); British Columbia: 16♀, 1♂ (CNC, ROM); Manitoba: 4♀, 7♂ (CNC, DEBU, ROM); Birds Hill Provincial Park (50.0100°N;
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="117DDB73A4C868ED63C8EAC9733B487F" pageId="117" pageNumber="118" start="start">96.9100</pageBreakToken>
|
||
°W) (Division 12), 15.vii.2017, J. Gibbs and Nozoe (1♂, JBWM); Erickson, 03.viii.1983, D.H. Pengelly (1♀, JBWM); Fort Whyte (Winnipeg), 20.vi.1991, B.G. Elliot (1♂, JBWM), 13.vii.1991, B.G. Elliot (1♂, JBWM); Portage la Prairie, 29.vi.1976, T.D. Galloway (1♀, JBWM); Spruce Woods Provincial Park (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7766359006B1B27A223BDBD6FC760FAE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="49.663">49.6630°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BD356A442A91EA86387312848183208" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-99.279">99.2790°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) (Spirit Sands, Division 7), 07.vii.2017, J. Gibbs and Nozoe (1♂, JBWM); Winnipeg, 21.vi.1979, T.D. Galloway (1♂, JBWM), 06.vii.1991, B.G. Elliot (1♂, JBWM); Winnipeg Beach, 15.vii.1989, T.D. Galloway (1♀, JBWM), 15.vii.1989, T.D. Galloway (2♂, JBWM); Northwest Territories: 7♀ (CNC); Ontario: 9♀, 6♂ (CNC, PCYU, ROM); Caledon (Forks of the Credit Provincial Park), 25.vii.1968, P. MacKay (1♂, PCYU); Quebec: 3♂ (CNC); Saskatchewan: 9♀, 10♂ (CNC, PCYU); Borden Bridge, 01.viii.1976, T.D. Galloway (1♀, JBWM); Ernfold, 05.vii.1984, T.D. Galloway (1♀, JBWM); Sands Hills (7 km W Piapot), 26.vii.2003, D. Larson (1♂, PCYU); Yukon: 2♀ (CNC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="33F780FF392EA1D99BF9D7BED4BB5FF0" lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="117" pageNumber="118">
|
||
USA: California: 4♀, 4♂ (EMEC, UCR); 2 mi S Asilomar (Monterey County), 26.ix.1959, C.W.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="656810969BE8FA40B6A4C613A44FC3E2" originalValue="O’Brien">O'Brien</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1♂, AMNH); Antioch (Contra Costa County), 20.ix.1958, J.R. Powers (1♀, AMNH), 28.viii.1976, N.J. Smith (1♀, UCBME); Bodega Head (Sonoma County), 14.v.1977, W.M. Oldham (1♂, UCBME); Carnelian Bay (Lake Tahoe), 29.vii.1962, R.M. Bohart (1♀, UCBME); Carson Pass (Alpine County), 13.vii.1966, R.M. Bohart (1♂, UCBME), 16.vii.1968, R.M. Bohart (1♂, UCBME), 16.vii.1968, W.W. Harberts (1♂, UCBME); Chipmunk Flat (Tuolumne County), 09.viii.1960, C.A. Toschi (1♀, AMNH); Dune Lakes (3 mi S Oceano, San Luis Obispo County), 01.vi.1972, J. Powell (1♂, EMEC), 03-04.x.1972, J. Powell (18♂, EMEC), 07.vi.1973, J. Powell (1♂, EMEC), 11.vii.1973, R. Coville (1♂, EMEC), 12.vii.1973, J. Powell (2♂, EMEC), 02.v.1974, J. Powell (1♂, EMEC); Holcomb Valley (San Bernardino County) (1♂, BBSL); Hot Creek (8 air mi E Mammoth Lakes, Mono County), 24.viii.1977, J. Powell (2♂, EMEC); Inglenook Fen (5 mi N Fort Bragg, Mendocino County), 27.v.1976, R. Coville (1♀, 3♂, EMEC); Inglenook Fen (Mendocino County), 22.vii.1972, E.I. Schlinger (1♂, EMEC); Lanphere-Christensen Dunes Preserve (4 mi W Arcata, Humboldt County), 26.vii.1975, M.E. Buegler and E.I. Schlinger (1♂, EMEC); Lobos Creek (San Francisco County), 10.v.1979, J. Powell (1♀, 3♂, EMEC), 15.vi.1960, G.I. Stage (1♀, AMNH); Mad River Beach (Humboldt County), 26.vi.1969, J. Powell (1♀, EMEC); McClures Beach (Marin County), 27.vi.1969, R.W. Thorp (1♀, UCBME); North Beach (Point Reyes National Seashore, Marin County), 10.v.1980, K. Standow (1♀, EMEC), 30.viii.1974, P.A. Opler (2♀, 1♂, EMEC); North Fork, Del Puerto Creek (Del Puerto Canyon, Stanislaus County), 25.v.1974, E. Schlinger (1♂, EMEC); Point Reyes National Seashore (Marin County), 03.iii.1968, R.W. Thorp (1♀, UCBME), 23.vii.1974, P.A. Opler (1♀, EMEC); San Bruno Mountain (San Mateo County), 23.v.1961, G.I. Stage (1♀, AMNH), 23.v.1961 (1♀, AMNH), 23.viii.1960, G.I. Stage (1♂, AMNH); San Francisco Bay Salt Marshes, viii.1907?, Thompson (3♂, EMEC); San Francisco Sand Dunes, 25.vi.1954, J.G. Rozen (1♂, EMEC), 25.vi.1954, P.D. Hurd (1♀, EMEC); Santa Cruz Island (Christi Beach, Santa Barbara County), 23.ix.1968, R.W. Thorp (1♀, UCBME); Sierra Valley (Sierra County), 06.vii.1972, R.M. Bohart (1♀, UCBME); Simonton Cove (San
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="E1E6685E784C24A7A42930CD6E4AA484" pageId="118" pageNumber="119" start="start">Miguel</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Island, Santa Barbara County), 11.vii.1970, A.A. Grigarick and R.C. Schuster (1♀, UCBME); Toms Place (Mono County), 01.ix.1965, A.J. Slater (1♀, EMEC); Yuba Pass (Sierra County), 11.viii.1978, R.M. Bohart (1♂, KUNHM); Colorado: Rock Creek Park (Colorado Springs), 19.viii.1937 (1♀, 1♂, AMNH); Florida: 1♀ (PCYU); Idaho: 1♀ (PCYU); Daniels Reservoir (Oneida County), 11.vii.1997, F.D. Parker (3♂, BBSL); Illinois: 1♂ (FMNH); Minnesota: Detroit, 26.viii.1924, O.A. Stevens (1♀, AMNH); Montana: 1♀ (KUNHM); 11 mi SE Ennis (Madison County), 18.viii.1966, D.R. Miller (1♀, UCBME); Nebraska: Cedar Point Biological Station (8 mi N Ogallala, Keith County), 11-18.vii.1988, J.G. Rozen and E. Quinter (1♀, AMNH); Fort Robinson (Dawes County), 11.viii.1971, J.G., B.L., and K.C. Rozen (3♀, AMNH), 12.viii.1971, J.G., B.L., and K.C. Rozen (2♀, AMNH), 09-11.viii.1972, J.G. Rozen, K.C. Rozen, and R. McGinley (2♀, 4♂, AMNH); Warbonnet Canyon (Sioux County), 24.vii.1968, R.R. Snelling (1♂, LACM); Nevada: Fallon, 01.vi.1930, E.L. Bell (1♀, AMNH), 06.vi.1930, E.L. Bell (1♀, AMNH), 10.vi.1930, E.L. Bell (1♀, AMNH); Mount Rose Summit (Washoe County), 09.vii.1964, R.M. Bohart (1♀, UCBME); New Mexico: Santa Fe, 09.vi.1931, F.E. Lutz (1♀, 1♂, AMNH); North Dakota: Gascoyne, 19.vi.1918, O.A. Stevens (1♀, AMNH); Jamestown, 16.viii.1913, O.A. Stevens (1♀, AMNH); Marmarth, 04.vii.1949, O.A. Ste
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="2A618317DBA3DAB90E89AF9C095494D5" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" start="start">vens</pageBreakToken>
|
||
(3♂, AMNH); McKenzie, 05.viii.1913, O.A. Stevens (1♀, AMNH); Monango, 03.vii.1913, O.A. Stevens (1♀, AMNH); Pleasant Lake, 11.viii.1913, O.A. Stevens (1♀, AMNH); Washburn, 23.vii.1926, O.A. Stevens (3♀, 2♂, AMNH); Williston, 09.viii.1915, O.A. Stevens (1♂, AMNH); Oregon: 1♂ (KUNHM); South Dakota: 1♀ (BIML); Utah: Indian Canyon (Duchesne County), 18.vii.1965, G.F. Knowlton (1♀, UCBME); NE
|
||
<normalizedToken id="13B636F19E0079746A59668D75FB605B" originalValue="Ruby’s">Ruby's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Inn (Garfield County), 17.viii.1995, V.J. Tepedino and F.D. Parker (2♀, BBSL).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |