238 lines
26 KiB
XML
238 lines
26 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="500117664B1F5D39379A51FF49A97D22">The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A9F74F4B0FA00CCDBB8A1CBCBA660BF0">Harbach, Ralph E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9373A73BEB3E3423A1499BF17A8102F3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="161B87CDBA6A0A0DFF54FC7DFD2B5B18" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8064249" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209700486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8064249" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161B87CDBA6A0A0DFF54FC7DFD2B5B18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/161B87CDBA6A0A0DFF54FC7DFD2B5B18" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA6A0A0EFF54FC7DFDBC59E8" box="[151,557,978,1005]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA6A0A0EFF54FC7DFDBC59E8" blockId="89.[151,557,978,1005]" box="[151,557,978,1005]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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<heading id="C54581B7BA6A0A0EFF54FC7DFDBC59E8" bold="true" box="[151,557,978,1005]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA6A0A0EFF54FC7DFDBC59E8" ID-CoL="8BMNL" ID-ENA="1799678" authority="Edwards" authorityName="Edwards" box="[151,557,978,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes" subGenus="Culex">
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||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFF54FC7DFDBC59E8" bold="true" box="[151,557,978,1005]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFF54FC7DFF4E59E8" bold="true" box="[151,223,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Culex</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFF33FC7DFEA959E8" bold="true" box="[240,312,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Culex</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFE8AFC7CFE2759E8" bold="true" box="[329,438,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">striatipes</emphasis>
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Edwards
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA6A0A0EFF54FBB8FAA55E8E" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA6A0A0EFF54FBB8FE2A5E4B" blockId="89.[151,1436,1047,1164]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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subspecies
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFECAFBB8FEDE5E2A" bold="true" box="[265,335,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">joanae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFE95FBB7FE7C5E2A" author="Muspratt, J." box="[342,493,1047,1071]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="149 - 207" refId="ref171203" refString="Muspratt, J. (1955) Research on South African Culicini (Diptera, Culicidae). III. - A check-list of the species and their distribution, with notes on taxonomy, bionomics and identification. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 18 (2), 149 - 207." type="journal article" year="1955">Muspratt, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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—original combination:
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA6A0A0EFD2AFBB8FBC35E2A" authorityName="Muspratt" authorityYear="1955" box="[745,1106,1047,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="striatipes" subGenus="Culex" subSpecies="joanae">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFD2AFBB8FCB55E2A" box="[745,804,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Culex</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFCF0FBB8FCFF5E2A" box="[819,878,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Culex</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFCBFFBB7FC4B5E2A" box="[892,986,1048,1071]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">striatipes</emphasis>
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ssp.
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFBCEFBB7FBC35E2A" box="[1037,1106,1048,1071]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">joanae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Distribution:
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFB26FBB8FA0D5E2A" box="[1253,1436,1047,1071]" name="South Africa" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Republic of South</collectingCountry>
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Africa (
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFED6FB99FE3F5E4B" author="Muspratt, J." box="[277,430,1078,1102]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="149 - 207" refId="ref171203" refString="Muspratt, J. (1955) Research on South African Culicini (Diptera, Culicidae). III. - A check-list of the species and their distribution, with notes on taxonomy, bionomics and identification. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 18 (2), 149 - 207." type="journal article" year="1955">Muspratt 1955</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA6A0A0EFF54FBFBFAA55E8E" blockId="89.[151,1436,1047,1164]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA6A0A0EFEC8FBFBFD965E69" ID-CoL="8BMNL" authority="Edwards, 1941" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[267,519,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFEC8FBFBFEF85E69" bold="true" box="[267,361,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">striatipes</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFEB3FBFBFD965E69" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[368,519,1108,1132]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—original combination:
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA6A0A0EFCC5FBFBFC685E69" ID-CoL="8BMNL" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[774,1017,1108,1133]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes" subGenus="Culex">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFCC5FBFBFCD05E69" box="[774,833,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Culex</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFC93FBFBFC1A5E69" box="[848,907,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Culex</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFC58FBFAFC685E69" box="[923,1017,1109,1132]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">striatipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Distribution:
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFB53FBFBFA8A5E69" box="[1168,1307,1108,1132]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFAE5FBFBFA0D5E69" box="[1318,1436,1108,1132]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Democratic</collectingCountry>
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Republic of the Congo,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFE79FBDCFD825E8E" box="[442,531,1139,1163]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFDDFFBDBFD075E8E" box="[540,662,1139,1164]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFD63FBDBFD745E89" box="[672,741,1140,1164]" name="Kenya" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFD2CFBDCFCFA5E8E" box="[751,875,1139,1163]" name="Madagascar" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFCB6FBDCFC545E8E" box="[885,965,1139,1163]" name="Zambia" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFC0CFBDCFBAA5E8E" box="[975,1083,1139,1163]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFB8BFBDCFAB85E8E" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[1096,1321,1139,1163]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
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||
Wilkerson
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFB7AFBDBFB745E8E" box="[1209,1253,1139,1163]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2021
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA6A0A0DFF54FB16FD2B5B18" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA6A0A0DFF54FB16FD2B5B18" blockId="89.[151,1437,1209,2028]" lastBlockId="90.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFF54FB16FEDA5ED6" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[151,331,1209,1235]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described and named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA6A0A0EFD84FB15FD4C5ED6" box="[583,733,1210,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFD84FB15FD4C5ED6" box="[583,733,1210,1236]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Cx. striatipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
based on
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||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA6A0A0EFC8CFB16FC435ED6" box="[847,978,1209,1235]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="adult">three adults</specimenCount>
|
||
collected in
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFBA0FB15FB3E5ED1" box="[1123,1199,1210,1236]" name="Kenya" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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||
, a male and a female from Nairobi and a male from Mt Elgon. The larva and pupa of the species were described by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFB1EFB72FF735F19" author="de Meillon, B. & Parent, M. & Black, L." pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="85 - 101" refId="ref151306" refString="de Meillon, B., Parent, M. & Black, L. O'C. (1945) Descriptions of new larvae and pupae of Ethiopian Culicini. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 36 (1), 85 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300023932" type="journal article" year="1945">
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de Meillon
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFAA1FB71FA045EF2" box="[1378,1429,1245,1271]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1945)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from exuviae, derived from
|
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<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA6A0A0EFDDDFAADFD035F1E" box="[542,658,1281,1308]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="larva">two larvae</specimenCount>
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||
collected at Livingstone,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFC73FAAEFB975F1E" box="[944,1030,1281,1307]" name="Zambia" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(as
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFBF1FAAEFA9B5F1E" box="[1074,1290,1281,1307]" name="Zambia" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Northern Rhodesia</collectingCountry>
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), which were apparently reared to adults that were presumably used to identify the species.
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFBD6FA8AFB595F45" author="Hopkins, G. H. E." box="[1045,1224,1317,1344]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref160249" refString="Hopkins, G. H. E. (1952) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region I. - Larval bionomics of mosquitoes and taxonomy of culicine larvae. 2 nd Edition. British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 355 pp." type="book" year="1952">Hopkins (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
repeated verbatim the description of the larva published by de Meillon
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFCC4FAE5FCAD5F66" box="[775,828,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. and included illustrations of the head and terminal abdominal segments which were reconstructed from the two larval exuviae used for the original description. The illustrations included details that were not shown in the drawings provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFBD4FA3EFABA5FA9" author="de Meillon, B. & Parent, M. & Black, L." box="[1047,1323,1425,1452]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="85 - 101" refId="ref151306" refString="de Meillon, B., Parent, M. & Black, L. O'C. (1945) Descriptions of new larvae and pupae of Ethiopian Culicini. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 36 (1), 85 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300023932" type="journal article" year="1945">
|
||
de Meillon
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFB58FA3DFB445FAE" box="[1179,1237,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1945)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFAF4FA3DFF735FD5" author="Muspratt, J." pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="149 - 207" refId="ref171203" refString="Muspratt, J. (1955) Research on South African Culicini (Diptera, Culicidae). III. - A check-list of the species and their distribution, with notes on taxonomy, bionomics and identification. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 18 (2), 149 - 207." type="journal article" year="1955">Muspratt (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFE21FA19FDBF5FCA" box="[482,558,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">joanae</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA6A0A0EFDBBFA1AFD725FCA" box="[632,739,1461,1487]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="male">six males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA6A0A0EFCDCFA1AFC355FCA" box="[799,932,1461,1487]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="female">six females</specimenCount>
|
||
, one with an associated larval exuviae. The adults were apparently reared from larvae collected “near the Lydenburg to Sabie road over Mount Anderson” in the former Transvaal Province of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFDD5FA52FD385C12" box="[534,681,1533,1559]" name="South Africa" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Muspratt stated that the subspecies differed from the typical form “in having no anterior white stripe on the middle femur and the middle tibia either all dark or with at most a faint anterior pale stripe. The hind femur is pale anteriorly only to about half instead of the usual 4/5. The latter character is probably the most reliable distinction as on some otherwise typical specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFB45F9C6FAC95C86" box="[1158,1368,1641,1667]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">southern Rhodesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
[now
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFF54F922FE835CA2" box="[151,274,1677,1703]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
] one or more of the white lines on the anterior side of the front and middle femora, and on the middle tibia, are faint or absent. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA6A0A0EFE2FF91DFD8D5CC9" box="[492,540,1714,1740]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of ssp
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFD78F91DFC965CCE" box="[699,775,1714,1739]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">joanae</emphasis>
|
||
are rather larger and darker than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA6A0A0EFB48F91DFB625CCE" box="[1163,1267,1714,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFB48F91DFB625CCE" box="[1163,1267,1714,1739]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">striatipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFAFFF91EFE945CEA" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">southern Rhodesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.” He stated that the larva “appears to be practically as the typical form”. No further morphotaxonomic work has been published on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA6A0A0EFE1BF955FDD15D16" box="[472,576,1786,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFE1BF955FDD15D16" box="[472,576,1786,1811]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">striatipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but interestingly
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA6A0A0EFCCEF955FC075D16" author="Jupp, P. G." box="[781,918,1785,1812]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref161745" refString="Jupp, P. G. (1996) Mosquitoes of southern Africa: Culicinae and Toxorhynchitinae. Ekogilde Publishers, Hartebeespoort, 156 pp." type="book" year="1996">Jupp (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who included the species (without
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFAE9F955FAE75D16" box="[1322,1398,1786,1811]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">joanae</emphasis>
|
||
) in a key to the adult mosquitoes of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFDCDF8B2FD315D32" box="[526,672,1821,1847]" name="South Africa" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, observed that subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFC0EF8B1FB885D32" box="[973,1049,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">joanae</emphasis>
|
||
“is indistinguishable from typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA6A0A0EFF54F8EDFF6E5D5E" box="[151,255,1858,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA6A0A0EFF54F8EDFF6E5D5E" box="[151,255,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">striatipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the larva, and probably also in the ♂ genitalia. Adult
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA6A0A0EFC45F8EEFC0B5D5E" box="[902,922,1857,1883]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
’s differ in having no anterior white stripe on the midfemur and midtibia, although midtibia sometimes has very faint stripe. Hindfemur is pale anteriorly only to about 0.5 instead of the usual 0.8.” As so few specimens have been historically collected and studied, it is difficult to know the degree of morphological variation that exists in populations of the species between
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFB6EF802FAB45DC2" box="[1197,1317,1965,1991]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA6A0A0EFA98F802FF705DEE" name="South Africa" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, indeed throughout the range of the species, which is also imperfectly known. For the time being, we consider that there is insufficient evidence to retain
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA690A0DFD44FF38FD425AB5" box="[647,723,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">joanae</emphasis>
|
||
as a subspecies and hereby formally consign it to synonymy:
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA690A0DFF54FF14FA9C5AD1" bold="true" box="[151,1293,186,213]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA690A0DFF54FF14FF745AD0" bold="true" box="[151,229,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">joanae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA690A0DFF33FF14FE3C5AD1" author="Muspratt, J." box="[240,429,186,213]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" pagination="149 - 207" refId="ref171203" refString="Muspratt, J. (1955) Research on South African Culicini (Diptera, Culicidae). III. - A check-list of the species and their distribution, with notes on taxonomy, bionomics and identification. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 18 (2), 149 - 207." type="journal article" year="1955">Muspratt, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, junior subjective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA690A0DFCF2FF15FA9C5AD1" authority="Edwards, 1941" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[817,1293,186,213]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatipes" subGenus="Culex">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA690A0DFCF2FF15FCE45AD0" bold="true" box="[817,885,186,213]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Culex</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA690A0DFC48FF15FC5E5AD0" bold="true" box="[907,975,186,213]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Culex</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA690A0DFC27FF14FBDD5AD0" bold="true" box="[996,1100,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">striatipes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA690A0DFB9BFF14FA9C5AD1" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[1112,1293,186,213]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA690A0DFF54FF70FF725AFD" box="[151,227,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">joanae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA690A0DFF28FF70FE085AFC" author="Muspratt, J." box="[235,409,222,249]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" pagination="149 - 207" refId="ref171203" refString="Muspratt, J. (1955) Research on South African Culicini (Diptera, Culicidae). III. - A check-list of the species and their distribution, with notes on taxonomy, bionomics and identification. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 18 (2), 149 - 207." type="journal article" year="1955">Muspratt, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, should be removed from the list of recognized species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA690A0DFDB2FEACFD235B18" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[625,690,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA690A0DFDB2FEACFD235B18" box="[625,690,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Culex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |