242 lines
28 KiB
XML
242 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="D88AF02E03F4A3FC67249D1846E2C47B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3750.5.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b4bf66f6-1df7-47be-a70c-c11738051622" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="248911" ID-ZooBank="FB1963BA-7BCE-48A9-8C64-F35FA32CAB67" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460710927740" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lima, Alessandro Rodrigues, Jacobi, Claudia Maria & Kumagai, Alice Fumi" docDate="2013" docId="03F040171F36E14837BAB1C2FE2BF8FD" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03750p514.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3750 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stauropoctonus bicarinatus Cushman" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="500" masterDocId="FFC9386F1F32E14E372DB705FFE2FFD5" masterDocTitle="Review of the Neotropical species of Stauropoctonus Brauns, 1889 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae)" masterLastPageNumber="514" masterPageNumber="494" pageNumber="498" updateTime="1698357934179" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="222EB9A52DAE72B62476D0CF4CC32AF9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5269B094BE1F04C4597DC586829E9DD3">
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<mods:title id="55C7405FB5F6F246EAEC452938FCB807">Review of the Neotropical species of Stauropoctonus Brauns, 1889 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="A5BFEBFD9AE74F79E7EEF87B03B6E9C2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="26557EA7A202D9401E866F39DC245F1E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9AE0A59D18E06A76F91F383CD6572E76">Lima, Alessandro Rodrigues</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="BA3B6B97A52E57B8D5DBFF68BD57F4C7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BD544F2EF5D664A5B360FEEC7FF4B643">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EB29FF4EC9688396F7B8BEE79BF78EA1">Jacobi, Claudia Maria</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1AF1D03110E78DCB2D130A84510342C5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4A88B86735E741E10D77E821C9905796">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C3BC591B0E279DD3A606FCDD81F01F8E">Kumagai, Alice Fumi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1C729DAC1E302BAF34E9FE0F75C706E4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2971AD75E947615BF55A21E19D2D4567">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CA67258694366585A4EB71F9F82A6DA1">
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<mods:date id="4978DC66B6D7F9762B24E22CE3D67DE4">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DBB9BD6A0E098565C5FB4538A26AA088" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="681D6D4ACB515A5C41E17A98F4D99B9A">3750</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="92822B51B8DD21267770AAEC959BC6DD">5</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="3E37C68CD6E0CDC68B5A172483BF96E5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E02D84F091B26A047CC1A22594FE63AB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3750.5.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="16F9F84AE22652EE7CA1EBE3015B6D5B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F040171F36E14837BAB1C2FE2BF8FD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6145950" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119584904" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6145950" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F040171F36E14837BAB1C2FE2BF8FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F040171F36E14837BAB1C2FE2BF8FD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="500" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">
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<subSubSection id="C343A28A1F36E14A37BAB1C2FD00F8B2" pageId="4" pageNumber="498" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F36E14A37BAB1C2FD95F937" blockId="4.[151,631,1735,1795]" box="[151,631,1735,1762]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">
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<heading id="D0AE466D1F36E14A37BAB1C2FD95F937" bold="true" box="[151,631,1735,1762]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="498" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C598A821F36E14A37BAB1C2FD95F937" ID-CoL="6ZHJK" authority="Cushman" authorityName="Cushman" box="[151,631,1735,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Stauropoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F36E14A37BAB1C2FD95F937" bold="true" box="[151,631,1735,1762]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F36E14A37BAB1C2FE06F934" bold="true" box="[151,484,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">Stauropoctonus bicarinatus</emphasis>
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(Cushman)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F36E14A37BAB1EFFEDCF8D6" blockId="4.[151,631,1735,1795]" box="[151,318,1770,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1362ED841F36E14A37B2B1EFFF05F8D6" box="[159,231,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1188,1210]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,194,1164]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1166]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Species records of Stauropoctonus in the Neotropical Region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248913/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1362ED841F36E14A37DEB1EEFEE3F8D6" box="[243,257,1771,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[299,1288,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B – C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">4</figureCitation>
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A–E)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F36E14A37BAB037FD00F8B2" blockId="4.[151,1075,1842,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F36E14A37BAB037FEE3F89D" box="[151,257,1842,1864]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">Aulophion</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C598A821F36E14A362AB037FDB7F89D" authority="Cushman, 1947: 459" authorityName="Cushman" authorityPageNumber="459" authorityYear="1947" box="[263,597,1842,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Stauropoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F36E14A362AB037FE98F89D" box="[263,378,1842,1864]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">bicarinatus</emphasis>
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Cushman, 1947: 459
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54E24FA31F36E14A3572B037FD5FF89D" box="[607,701,1842,1864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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♀,
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<collectingCountry id="F34EB1911F36E14A35CEB037FCB3F89D" box="[739,849,1842,1864]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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(USNM) [examined].
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<taxonomicName id="4C598A821F36E14A37BAB057FD3CF8B2" authority="(Cushman) Gauld, 1985: 146" authorityName="(Cushman) Gauld" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,734,1873,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Stauropoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F36E14A37BAB057FE4FF8B2" box="[151,429,1873,1895]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">Stauropoctonus bicarinatus</emphasis>
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(Cushman) Gauld, 1985: 146
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C343A28A1F36E14A37BAB074FD37F853" box="[151,725,1904,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F36E14A37BAB074FD37F853" blockId="4.[151,1075,1842,1926]" box="[151,725,1904,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">
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<taxonomicName id="4C598A821F36E14A37BAB074FD33F853" authority="(Cushman) Gauld, 1988: 74" authorityName="(Cushman) Gauld" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,721,1904,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Stauropoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F36E14A37BAB074FE4FF853" box="[151,429,1904,1926]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">Stauropoctonus bicarinatus</emphasis>
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(Cushman) Gauld, 1988: 74
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C343A28A1F36E14A37BAB0B7FE5CF81E" box="[151,446,1970,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F36E14A37BAB0B7FE5CF81E" blockId="4.[151,446,1970,1995]" box="[151,446,1970,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F36E14A37BAB0B7FED7F81E" bold="true" box="[151,309,1970,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">
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<typeStatus id="54E24FA31F36E14A37BAB0B7FF30F81E" box="[151,210,1970,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F34EB1911F36E14A3611B0B6FE58F81E" box="[316,442,1970,1995]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="498">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF26A1891F37E14B37BAB083FE47F80F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="499" targetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F37E14B37BAB083FE47F80F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1926,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="499">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F37E14B37BAB083FEF1F84E" bold="true" box="[151,275,1926,1948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="499">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C598A821F37E14B3636B082FDD1F849" box="[283,563,1926,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Stauropoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F37E14B3636B082FDD1F849" box="[283,563,1926,1948]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="499">Stauropoctonus bicarinatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B–C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C343A28A1F34E14837EAB792FF04FA80" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB792FEB0FEC9" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E14837EAB792FEA3FF65" bold="true" box="[199,321,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Head yellow, mesosoma and metasoma brown; wings slightly infumate. Eye antero-posteriorly compressed in lateral view, with reentrance in the posterior margin (
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<figureCitation id="1362ED841F34E14834B7B7B9FC3DFF01" box="[922,991,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[299,1288,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B – C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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C). Epicnemial carina present, reaching anterior portion of mesopleural furrow (
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<figureCitation id="1362ED841F34E1483572B7DAFD46FF2D" box="[607,676,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[299,1288,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B – C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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A). Fore wing marginal cell with a conspicuous glabrous proximal region (
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<figureCitation id="1362ED841F34E14837C3B601FED0FEC9" box="[238,306,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[299,1288,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B – C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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E).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB622FA88FE20" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E14837EAB622FE1CFE95" bold="true" box="[199,510,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
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Redescription (
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<typeStatus id="54E24FA31F34E1483652B622FE13FE95" box="[383,497,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Female. Mandible slender, apically strongly compressed and twisted about 90°, with outer tooth acute, as long as inner one; outer mandibular surface with a shallow concavity crossing mandible at basal boundary of compressed area. Malar space 0.3 times as long as basal mandibular width. Clypeus flat in lateral view, with margin weakly convex, about 1.4 times as broad as long. Face alutaceous with setae sparser centrally. Gena in lateral view evenly rounded. Eye conspicuously compressed in lateral view, with posterior margin concave (
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<figureCitation id="1362ED841F34E1483675B6D9FE7EFE21" box="[344,412,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[299,1288,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B – C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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C). Lateral ocellus contiguous with eye. FI = 50%. ECI = 0.90. Occipital carina absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB505FDCEFC88" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
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Mesoscutum polished, densely pilose, evenly rounded in lateral view; without notaulus. Mesopleuron polished, pilose; alutaceous below and smooth above mesopleural furrow, with a conspicuous glabrous region anterior to speculum. Epicnemial carina interrupted centrally on sternum; on pleuron, reaching anterior portion of mesopleural furrow (
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<figureCitation id="1362ED841F34E14836AEB569FE25FD51" box="[387,455,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[299,1288,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B – C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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A). Scutellum smooth and shiny, 1.2x as long as anterior width, convex in lateral view, without lateral carina. Metapleuron weakly convex, alutaceous. Submetapleural carina weakly broadened anteriorly. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum reduced to lateral vestiges. Propodeum densely pilose, abruptly declivous in lateral view; anterior transverse carina complete, not touching lateral longitudinal carina; posterior transverse carina complete; median longitudinal carina complete; lateromedian longitudinal carina represented by vestiges at apex of propodeum; anterior area longitudinally rugose; posterior area weakly rugulose; lateral longitudinal carina complete.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB46DFDA0FB82" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
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Fore wing length
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<quantity id="4CA15CE41F34E14836A3B46DFE14FCAA" box="[398,502,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" unit="mm" value="14.2">14.2 mm</quantity>
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; AI = 0.78; CI = 0.33; ICI = 1.1; SDI = 0.83; SRI = 0.5; vein
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E148339DB46CFB00FC55" box="[1200,1250,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">cu-a</emphasis>
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reaching
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E148327CB46DFA7EFCAA" box="[1361,1436,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">M+Cu</emphasis>
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basad of
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<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E14837D0B489FEA4FC76" box="[253,326,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Rs&M</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1362ED841F34E1483678B489FE7BFC71" box="[341,409,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[299,1288,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B – C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E). Discosubmarginal cell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1362ED841F34E14835C3B489FCD3FC71" box="[750,817,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[299,1288,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B – C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E) with a glabrous area anteriorly, from pterostigma to half length of vein
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E14836BFB4B5FE38FC1D" box="[402,474,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Rs+2r</emphasis>
|
||
which is abruptly curved and thickened on its basal third;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E1483350B4B5FB26FC1D" box="[1149,1220,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">1m-cu</emphasis>
|
||
abruptly curved at middle, straight in basal half, weakly convex in distal half, without ramellus. Marginal cell with a conspicuous glabrous area basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1362ED841F34E14836BAB4F2FE39FBC5" box="[407,475,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[303,1282,199,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[299,1288,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus, Holotype (♀, NMNH). A. body, lateral view. B – C. Head. B, frontal view; C, lateral view. D. Left fore wing, dorsal view (dashed line represents the missing margin); E. Discosubmarginal cell in detail, dorsal view. Scale in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248915/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
E) reaching about a third of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E148340DB4FDFC8AFBC5" box="[800,872,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Rs+2r</emphasis>
|
||
length.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34EB1911F34E14834E8B4F2FC1FFBC5" box="[965,1021,1015,1040]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
wings
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E148337FB4FDFB93FBC5" box="[1106,1137,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">R1</emphasis>
|
||
with five hamuli;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E1483268B4FCFA83FBC5" box="[1349,1377,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Rs</emphasis>
|
||
with basal half of first abscissa weakly bowed, distal half and second abscissa clearly straight; BCI = 0.62; basal abscissa of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E1483635B345FEA4FB8D" box="[280,326,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Cu1</emphasis>
|
||
2.75x as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E1483524B344FDD9FB8D" box="[521,571,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">cu-a</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB361FE2CFB75" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Mid leg with outer tibial spur 1.1x as long as inner one. On hind leg, coxa in lateral view 1.8x as long as maximum width, at middle.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB3A8FB86FB3D" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
|
||
Metasoma long and slender; tergite
|
||
<quantity id="4CA15CE41F34E148355EB3A9FD41FB10" box="[627,675,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
lateral view 3.7 times as long as posterior width, with pendant laterotergite and oval thyridium separated from anterior margin by 5.9x its own length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB3F1FF04FA80" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
|
||
Head gray; antenna brown;mesosoma and legs yellowish; mesoscutum and speculum infuscate; metasoma with anterior segments brown, infuscate, except tergite 3; wings hyaline; pterostigma and fore wing vein
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E1483279B21DFA7EFAE5" box="[1364,1436,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Rs+2r</emphasis>
|
||
brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C343A28A1F34E14837EAB25AFC4DF9F8" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB25AFC4DF9F8" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E14837EAB25AFEADFAAD" bold="true" box="[199,335,1375,1400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Although the redescription of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E24FA31F34E14835F3B25AFCA2FAAD" box="[734,832,1375,1400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C598A821F34E1483447B265FB53FAAD" authority="Gauld, 1988" authorityName="Gauld" authorityYear="1988" box="[874,1201,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Stauropoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E1483447B265FBEAFAAD" box="[874,1032,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">S. bicarinatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Gauld, 1988)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represented a major contribution to the knowledge of this species, some points need to be clarified, since his described some features based on a non-type specimen. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E24FA31F34E1483500B2A2FD6DFA15" box="[557,655,1447,1472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected by ‘
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34EB1911F34E1483472B2ADFC66FA15" box="[863,900,1448,1472]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
Lafon, 1884’, as cited on the data label as well as mentioned in the original description (Cushman, 1947); its fore wing vein
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E14834D0B2C8FBCDFA31" box="[1021,1071,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">cu-a</emphasis>
|
||
reaches
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E14833BFB2C9FB3CFA36" box="[1170,1246,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">M+Cu</emphasis>
|
||
basad of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E1483266B2C9FA76FA36" box="[1355,1428,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Rs&M</emphasis>
|
||
; and it has five hamuli on hind wing vein
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E148354BB2F5FD67F9DD" box="[614,645,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">R1</emphasis>
|
||
. Gauld (1988) also reported the species as having antenna with 55–57 flagellomeres, but unfortunately both antennae of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E24FA31F34E14835EAB111FCCBF9F8" box="[711,809,1556,1581]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
are broken.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C343A28A1F34E14837EAB132FA6AF985" box="[199,1416,1591,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB132FA6AF985" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" box="[199,1416,1591,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E14837EAB132FE82F985" bold="true" box="[199,352,1591,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C598A821F34E148364AB13DFD79F985" box="[359,667,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Stauropoctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E148364AB13DFD79F985" box="[359,667,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Stauropoctonus bicarinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known to occur in Mesoamerica (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34EB1911F34E1483341B13DFB0AF985" box="[1132,1256,1591,1616]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34EB1911F34E1483233B13DFA9EF985" box="[1310,1404,1592,1616]" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C343A28A1F34E14837EAB159FE2BF8FD" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB159FC1DF9A1" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" box="[199,1023,1628,1653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D2D131F34E14837EAB159FE52F9A0" bold="true" box="[199,432,1628,1653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E24FA31F34E148369AB159FDFDF9A0" box="[439,543,1628,1653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(♀).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34EB1911F34E1483571B159FD3BF9A0" box="[604,729,1628,1653]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1884,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34EB1911F34E1483407B158FCA9F9A1" box="[810,843,1629,1652]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
Lafon [USNM]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6F1011F34E14837EAB17AFE2BF8FD" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E24FA31F34E14837EAB17AFECDF94D" box="[199,303,1663,1688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="500" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
condition. Both antennae are broken, with some parts glued on the data label and on the pin, above the specimen.. The left fore wing is glued to the data label and is damaged at the apex; parts of the marginal, submarginal 3, discal 3 and subdiscal 3 cells are missing. The following parts of legs are missing: left fore tarsus; left mid tarsal claws; left hind leg beyond femur. The right hind leg (from trochanter to tarsomere 2) is glued to a triangle attached to the pin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |