258 lines
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258 lines
30 KiB
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<document id="F8F2CA9398EF704D20DAF31FB7C36EDF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5394.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10438079" ID-ZooBank="6D86633F-0167-414D-B511-550BCBE578CD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1703752267404" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Turner, James & Azari-Hamidian, Shahyad" docDate="2023" docId="03D45C5614070F7C178C83CBFE52A5B4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5394.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5394 (1)" docSource="https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5394.1.1/52549" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.16:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="16" docTitle="Culex (Oculeomyia) bitaeniorhynchus Giles 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FFED242E14290F52171B835CFFB2A745" masterDocTitle="An overview of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae), with updated keys to the adult females" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1703753015972" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="191CC23B860D870BB8FA736192D63E0D">An overview of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae), with updated keys to the adult females</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="40E6CB2DB6EB650A7574B1328368F211" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="01A575B485508B1445ACBFCF95AF000A">Dawah, Hassan A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1F87D5010E9C4A0DB955A35E9A8F4C39">Centre for Environmental Research and Studies, Jazan University, P. O. Box 2095, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia dawaha @ hotmail. co. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5642 - 7247</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="52C25F9D62A640FEA319419031BDC0D3" type="email">dawaha@hotmail.co.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A6F9D1AECE587CC9EFAB16835190349B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="486AC3E7DC57E804A1CADA38669BF76A">Abdullah, Mohammed A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="33B43560CD0F8A6BDA22940473907AB9" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3323-3623</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="46265AE2B7C8A169329F8B41CDF1A797">Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha- 61413, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia mohd _ robiya @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3323 - 3623</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="76271AE8650C707DF15625EA28FBE6B9" type="email">mohd_robiya@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="1C1CAEE43B0A07C71425CD78A2BD6C7C">Ahmad, Syed Kamran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7C19E32C52A609C49692B87EFAE3F906" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6211-2345</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="919888061316D2BCBD3FA614E0529575">Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India entosaif @ rediffmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6211 - 2345</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DA4DF6012B32A28A44A6DEFCF8CB4DE7" type="email">entosaif@rediffmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B9981E704EBBFBF338AD90CEBA9B553A">Turner, James</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C77D1CE6F280FE01E6FE9EBB72FB08A0">National Museum of Wales, Department of Natural Sciences, Entomology Section, Cardiff, CF 10 3 NP, UK James. Turner @ museumwales. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2411 - 7396</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F20B91693506BBE65A76AADA57A7AD5A" type="email">urner@museumwales.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6864D2269092949FD952FC95B2D14E40">Azari-Hamidian, Shahyad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E042F33FB2277CB289F5D6851815A6B1">Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology, Mycology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran azari @ gums. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9370 - 9638 * Corresponding author: azari @ gums. ac. ir</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="579D3D90E5737A8F70182B80D04D850F" type="email">azari@gums.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A707F7E57B89B9603FE74DFF0A9A3D12">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1E8F4E8F78BCFE5123DB840CBD88462F">
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<mods:date id="E8BF64239257CBC124CA02EB7B4527D5">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B9D1E09417B48D1B5930A13753FA5E8A">2023-12-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6DFFA802B7569C473EFFA13BDB70BCC7">5394</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D45C5614070F7C178C83CBFE52A5B4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10438263" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10438263" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D45C5614070F7C178C83CBFE52A5B4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D45C5614070F7C178C83CBFE52A5B4" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection id="C367BECB14070F7C178C83CBFCC6A7F4" box="[151,884,151,178]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC2ED4014070F7C178C83CBFCC6A7F4" blockId="46.[151,884,151,178]" box="[151,884,151,178]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<heading id="D08A5A2C14070F7C178C83CBFCC6A7F4" bold="true" box="[151,884,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C178C83CBFCC6A7F4" bold="true" box="[151,884,151,178]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C178C83CBFCB7A7F4" ID-CoL="8BNBQ" authority="Giles, 1901 a" authorityName="Giles" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,773,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bitaeniorhynchus" subGenus="Oculeomyia">
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C178C83CBFF6DA7F7" bold="true" box="[151,223,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Culex</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C17EB83CBFE33A7F7" bold="true" box="[240,385,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Oculeomyia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C168983CBFDD4A7F7" bold="true" box="[402,614,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">bitaeniorhynchus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C157683CBFCB7A7F4" author="Giles, G. M." box="[621,773,151,177]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="592 - 610" refId="ref47739" refString="Giles, G. M. (1901 a) A plea for the collective investigationof Indian Culicidae, with suggestions as to moot points for enquiry, and a prodromus of species known to the author. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 13 (4), 592 - 610, 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1901">Giles, 1901a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1346F1C514070F7C140E83CBFCDEA7F4" box="[789,876,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[379,1207,813,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-245@46.[379,1207,813,1934]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 45. Culex bitaeniorhynchus, female (Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, photo by David Pecor, Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10438223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10438223/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C367BECB14070F7C178C8383FDB8A7BC" box="[151,522,223,250]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC2ED4014070F7C178C8383FDB8A7BC" blockId="46.[151,1437,223,753]" box="[151,522,223,250]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C178C8383FE84A7BC" bold="true" box="[151,310,223,249]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<typeStatus id="54C653E214070F7C178C8383FF60A7BC" box="[151,210,223,249]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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Travancore,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C16D28383FDB4A7BC" baseAuthorityName="Horsfall" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[457,518,223,249]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="India" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="46" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">India</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C367BECB14070F7C17DC825FFC50A6E8" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BC2ED4014070F7C17DC825FFC50A6E8" blockId="46.[151,1437,223,753]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C17DC825FFED3A658" bold="true" box="[199,353,259,285]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</emphasis>
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This species is found in the Afrotropical, Australasian, Oriental and Palaearctic Regions (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C1248825FFE39A604" author="Azari-Hamidian, S. & Norouzi, B. & Harbach, R. E." pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="106 - 122" refId="ref41690" refString="Azari-Hamidian, S., Norouzi, B. & Harbach, R. E. (2019) A detailed review of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Iran and their medical and veterinary importance. Acta Tropica, 194, 106 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. actatropica. 2019.03.019" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Azari-Hamidian
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C16168274FEF4A604" box="[269,326,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
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2019
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</bibRefCitation>
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). In the Middle East and North Africa, it occurs in
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014070F7C14D18274FC48A607" box="[970,1018,296,322]" name="Iran" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Iran</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014070F7C131D827BFB29A604" box="[1030,1179,295,321]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014070F7C13BC827BFA2FA604" box="[1191,1437,295,321]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014070F7C17D38210FEA4A623" box="[200,278,332,358]" name="Yemen" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Yemen</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C163D8217FE02A623" author="Lewis, D. J." box="[294,432,331,358]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="703 - 721" refId="ref52622" refString="Lewis, D. J. (1956) The Culex mosquitoes of the Sudan. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 47 (4), 703 - 721. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300046940" type="journal article" year="1956">Lewis 1956</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C16A68217FDF4A620" author="White, G. B." box="[445,582,331,357]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="114 - 148" refId="ref62551" refString="White, G. B. (1980) Family Culicidae. In: Crosskey, R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 114 - 148." type="book chapter" year="1980">White 1980</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C154F8217FD44A623" author="Harbach, R. E." box="[596,758,331,358]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="83 - 107" refId="ref48831" refString="Harbach, R. E. (1985) Pictorial keys to the genera of mosquitoes, subgenera of Culex and the species of Culex (Culex) occurring in southwestern Asia and Egypt, with note on the subgeneric placement of Culex deserticola (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquito Systematics, 17 (2), 83 - 107." type="journal article" year="1985">Harbach 1985</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C14188217FC8CA620" author="Harbach, R. E." box="[771,830,331,357]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 236" refId="ref48893" refString="Harbach, R. E. (1988) The mosquitoes of the subgenus Culex in southwestern Asia and Egypt (Diptera: Culicidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 24 (1), vi + 1 - 236." type="journal article" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C14508217FC58A620" author="Abdoon, A. - M. M. O." box="[843,1002,331,357]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref37977" refString="Abdoon, A. - M. M. O. (2004) First record of three afrotropical Culex species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Saudi Arabia. Annals of Medical Entomology, 13 (1 - 2), 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2004">Abdoon 2004</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C14ED8217FB00A620" author="Irish, S. R. & Al-Amin, H. M. & Alam, M. S. & Harbach, R. E." box="[1014,1202,331,357]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="559" refId="ref50111" refString="Irish, S. R., Al-Amin, H. M., Alam, M. S. & Harbach, R. E. (2016) A review of the mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) of Bangladesh. Parasites & Vectors, 9, 559. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 016 - 1848 - z" type="journal article" year="2016">
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Irish
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C13288210FBDFA620" box="[1075,1133,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
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2016
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</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C13A58217FA2AA620" author="Tantely, M. L. & Le Goff, G. & Boyer, S. & Fontenille, D." box="[1214,1432,331,357]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="20" refId="ref61237" refString="Tantely, M. L., Le Goff, G., Boyer, S. & Fontenille, D. (2016) An updated checklist of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) from Madagascar. Parasite, 23, 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 2016018" type="journal article" year="2016">
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Tantely
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C12018210FAE7A620" box="[1306,1365,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
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|
2016
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</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C178C8233FF60A6CC" author="Tantely, L. M. & Cetre-Sossah, C. & Rakotondranaivo, T. & Cardinale, E. & Boyer, S." box="[151,210,367,393]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="3" refId="ref61175" refString="Tantely, L. M., Cetre-Sossah, C., Rakotondranaivo, T., Cardinale, E. & Boyer, S. (2017) Population dynamics of mosquito species in a West Nile virus endemic area in Madagascar. Parasite, 24, 3. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 2017005" type="journal article" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
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; Azari-Hamadian
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<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C16BF822CFE52A6CC" box="[420,480,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2019;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C15288233FCB2A6CC" author="Camp, J. V. & Karuvantevida, N. & Chouhna, H. & Safi, E. & Shah, J. N. & Nowotny, N." box="[563,768,367,393]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="153" refId="ref43283" refString="Camp, J. V., Karuvantevida, N., Chouhna, H., Safi, E., Shah, J. N. & Nowotny, N. (2019) Mosquito biodiversity and mosquito-borne viruses in the United Arab Emirates. Parasites & Vectors, 12, 153. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 019 - 3417 - 8" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Camp
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|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C159B822CFD0EA6CC" box="[640,700,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2019
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C14148233FC6FA6CC" author="Gunathilaka, N." box="[783,989,367,393]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="38 - 50" refId="ref48228" refString="Gunathilaka, N. (2018) Annotated checklist and review of the mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Sri Lanka. Journal of Insect Biodiversity, 7 (3), 38 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.12976 / jib / 2018.07.3.1" type="journal article" year="2018">Gunathilaka 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C14F7822CFB67A6CC" author="Maquart, P. - O. & Fontenille, D. & Rahola, N. & Yean, S. & Boyer, S." box="[1004,1237,367,394]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="60" refId="ref53523" refString="Maquart, P. - O., Fontenille, D., Rahola, N., Yean, S. & Boyer, S. (2021) Checklist of the mosquito fauna (Diptera, Culicidae) of Cambodia. Parasite, 28, 60. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 2021056" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
|
Maquart
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C134E822CFB22A6CC" box="[1109,1168,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2021
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C13FF8233FF61A6E8" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. A." pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref62791" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. A. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols 1 and 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltomore, Maryland, 1308 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
|
Wilkerson
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C127A822CFA2FA6CC" box="[1377,1437,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2021
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). It was recorded for the first time in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014070F7C156E82CFFCB4A6E8" box="[629,774,403,429]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
|
|
by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C143582CFFC6CA6E8" author="Abdoon, A. - M. M. O." box="[814,990,403,429]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref37977" refString="Abdoon, A. - M. M. O. (2004) First record of three afrotropical Culex species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Saudi Arabia. Annals of Medical Entomology, 13 (1 - 2), 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2004">Abdoon (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
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.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C367BECB14070F7C17DC82EBFE52A5B4" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC2ED4014070F7C17DC82EBFF52A6B0" blockId="46.[151,1437,223,753]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C17DC82EBFE89A694" bold="true" box="[199,315,439,465]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C165B82EBFDFBA694" authorityName="Giles" authorityYear="1901" box="[320,585,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bitaeniorhynchus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C165B82EBFDFBA694" box="[320,585,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Culex bitaeniorhynchus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is the only representative of the subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C130382EBFB2DA694" box="[1048,1183,439,465]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Oculeomyia">
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C130382EBFB2DA694" box="[1048,1183,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Oculeomyia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the region (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C122082EBFF61A6B0" author="Harbach, R. E." pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 236" refId="ref48893" refString="Harbach, R. E. (1988) The mosquitoes of the subgenus Culex in southwestern Asia and Egypt (Diptera: Culicidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 24 (1), vi + 1 - 236." type="journal article" year="1988">Harbach 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BC2ED4014070F7C17DC82A3FE52A5B4" blockId="46.[151,1437,223,753]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C17DC82A3FE70A55C" bold="true" box="[199,450,511,537]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Medical importance.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C16D682A3FD69A55C" authorityName="Giles" authorityYear="1901" box="[461,731,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bitaeniorhynchus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C16D682A3FD69A55C" box="[461,731,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Culex bitaeniorhynchus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a vector of Japanese encephalitis virus (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C13CD82A3FAEFA55C" author="Bram, R. A." box="[1238,1373,511,537]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 296" refId="ref42783" refString="Bram, R. A. (1967) Contributions to the mosquito fauna of Southeast Asia. II. The genus Culex in Thailand (Diptera: Csulicidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 2 (1), 1 - 296." type="journal article" year="1967">Bram 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), and isolations of dengue, Getah, Sindbis and Tembusu viruses have also been reported (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C1357817FFB4FA578" author="Lee, D. J. & Hicks, M. M. & Debenham, M. L. & Griffiths, M. & Marks, E. N. & Bryan, J. H. & Russel, R. C." box="[1100,1277,547,573]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref52299" refString="Lee, D. J., Hicks, M. M., Debenham, M. L., Griffiths, M., Marks, E. N., Bryan, J. H. & Russel, R. C. (1989) The Culicidae of the Australasian Region. Vol. 7. Nomenclature, synonymy, literature, distribution, biology and relation to disease. Genus Culex. Subgenera Acallyntrum, Culex. Entomology Monograph no. 2. Canberra. Australian Government Publishing Service, Cnaberra, ix + 281 pp." type="book" year="1989">
|
|
Lee
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C139B8178FB0BA578" box="[1152,1209,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
1989
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). This species was found to be naturally infected with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C157F811BFCE6A524" baseAuthorityName="Service" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[612,852,583,609]" class="Chromadorea" family="Onchocercidae" genus="Wuchereria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bancrofti">
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C157F811BFCE6A524" box="[612,852,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Wuchereria bancrofti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C1467811BFC04A524" baseAuthorityName="Horsfall" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[892,950,583,609]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="India" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="46" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">India</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C14EB8114FB21A524" box="[1008,1171,583,609]" class="Chromadorea" family="Onchocercidae" genus="Brugia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="malayi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C14EB8114FB21A524" box="[1008,1171,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Brugia malayi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014070F7C13A0811BFA99A524" box="[1211,1323,583,609]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C1220811BFF61A5C0" author="Harbach, R. E." pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 236" refId="ref48893" refString="Harbach, R. E. (1988) The mosquitoes of the subgenus Culex in southwestern Asia and Egypt (Diptera: Culicidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 24 (1), vi + 1 - 236." type="journal article" year="1988">Harbach 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Also, Batai, Chittoor (an
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C151F8137FDFEA5C0" box="[516,588,619,645]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Indian" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="46" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Indian</taxonomicName>
|
|
variant of Batai), Murray Valley encephalitis and West Nile viruses (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C124C8137FF60A5EC" author="Smith, K. G. V." pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref60146" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (ed.) (1973) Insects and other arthropods of medical importance. British Museum (Natural History), London, xiv + 561 pp." type="book" year="1973">Smith 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), as well as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C164881D3FD97A5EC" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[339,549,655,681]" class="Chromadorea" family="Onchocercidae" genus="Dirofilaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="immitis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C164881D3FD97A5EC" box="[339,549,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Dirofilaria immitis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
filariae (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C159D81D3FCD0A5EC" author="Ludham, K. W. & Jachowski, L. A., Jr. & Otto G. F." box="[646,866,655,681]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1354 - 1359" refId="ref52972" refString="Ludham, K. W., Jachowski, L. A., Jr. & Otto G. F. (1970) Potential vectors of Dirofilaria immitis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 157 (10), 1354 - 1359." type="journal article" year="1970">
|
|
Ludham
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C15F081CCFC93A5EC" box="[747,801,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
1970
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), have been isolated from this species.Additionally,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314070F7C178C81EFFE3BA588" baseAuthorityName="Grassi & Feletti" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[151,393,691,717]" family="Plasmodiidae" genus="Plasmodium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="relictum">
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C178C81EFFE3BA588" box="[151,393,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Plasmodium relictum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and Sagiyama and Rift Valley fever viruses have been found in the species (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C121881EFFF61A5B4" author="Tantely, M. L. & Le Goff, G. & Boyer, S. & Fontenille, D." pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="20" refId="ref61237" refString="Tantely, M. L., Le Goff, G., Boyer, S. & Fontenille, D. (2016) An updated checklist of mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) from Madagascar. Parasite, 23, 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 2016018" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
|
Tantely
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C127981E8FA2FA588" box="[1378,1437,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2016
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114070F7C17C6818BFE61A5B4" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. A." box="[221,467,727,753]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref62791" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. A. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols 1 and 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltomore, Maryland, 1308 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
|
Wilkerson
|
|
<emphasis id="B909315214070F7C16438184FE22A5B4" box="[344,400,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2021
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |