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<document id="5466E83B259D1251AF802AEAEBE96F42" ID-CLB-Dataset="50845" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.170249" ID-GBIF-Dataset="de6d16f3-5c27-47ef-af97-c70c76138d3c" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="170249" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459752749865" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lehnert, Helmut, Stone, Robert &amp; Heimler, Wolfgang" docDate="2005" docId="03CC785FFF8F4A28385BFB8AFB50F7AB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01068p038.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1068" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Plakina atka Lehnert, Stone &amp; Heimler, 2005, n.sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFF50027FF8A4A223953FFD9FFEEF24D" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Plakina Schulze, 1880 (Porifera, Plakinidae) from the Aleutian Islands (Alaska, USA)" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1698216589755" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="1188322250EEC919FFB05C83369C5AFA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="0E3232BC2B56EDCF4EA5AB1D12804AA2">Two new species of Plakina Schulze, 1880 (Porifera, Plakinidae) from the Aleutian Islands (Alaska, USA)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F9BC42BAE707700204046E3AF759BD30" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="908EB36C1F54FED2D6971C360A7328C1">Lehnert, Helmut</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6502A69588505D8CB52AB5982DFDEC29" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4B2CB6DB2D7D1D149E4F00706FF80BF7">Stone, Robert</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="05387D8852BB290C90682F9F9B4C71E4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="65D8EA47362FC16F7BF82AD527FC1B04">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="17A5C313054D3EEF544AFB909DA01E65">Heimler, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="744AB51502604EF8657D08E4B7541C5F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="8F9C63FC26D931C654B0E1CAC068DD85">
<mods:title id="D45DD955B7209F459566B89DF193BA3D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="202F1A9225D9F182E72E3725D7005D61">
<mods:date id="3BC21705EFE59B231986BC3C2E497239">2005</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="5E3139BFF6AB96270E597E3C67AD1A01" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A15B3AEC2D9BABA7DD58E9D9339AD806">1068</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="D6325E21130DD6DA831818E9BC7F72DB">38</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="9226FF02A417AB723C2B29ACC827C5D9">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9411C34AA8362D2531F82190621A4113" type="CLB-Dataset">50845</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="63A14788E23774E98F26DAB8F7B71FF7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.170249</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FC4D996DD0B451C17241C901819151BA" type="GBIF-Dataset">de6d16f3-5c27-47ef-af97-c70c76138d3c</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="549EF96F9A069FF750B93C9C305EA7A9" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="74136B0133CD57BB3C47E9C8B05F5FD2" type="Zenodo-Dep">170249</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CC785FFF8F4A28385BFB8AFB50F7AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6266659" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119338150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6266659" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC785FFF8F4A28385BFB8AFB50F7AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC785FFF8F4A28385BFB8AFB50F7AB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
<subSubSection id="C37F9AC2FF8F4A27385BFB8AFE0AF620" box="[264,484,1107,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF8F4A27385BFB8AFE0AF620" blockId="5.[264,484,1107,1133]" box="[264,484,1107,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
<heading id="D0927E25FF8F4A27385BFB8AFE0AF620" bold="true" box="[264,484,1107,1133]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8F4A27385BFB8AFE0AF620" bold="true" box="[264,484,1107,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF8F4A27385BFB8AFE4CF620" ID-CoL="4JHXW" box="[264,418,1107,1133]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8F4A27385BFB8AFE4CF620" bold="true" box="[264,418,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Plakina atka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF8F4A2738FAFB8AFE0AF620" box="[425,484,1107,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F9AC2FF8F4A28385BFB47FB50F7AB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF8F4A27385BFB47FEB7F77D" blockId="5.[264,1323,1182,1888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
Material:
<typeStatus id="54DE77EBFF8F4A2738DAFB47FE1AF6F5" box="[393,500,1182,1208]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: 6220­3B­1, collected by Dave Carlile south of
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF8F4A273DC7FB47FB23F6F5" box="[1172,1229,1182,1208]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka">Atka</taxonomicName>
Island (
<geoCoordinate id="EE51AF8EFF8F4A273842FB1FFE5FF6AD" box="[273,433,1222,1248]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" precision="1" value="51.917057">51°55`1.4``N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE51AF8EFF8F4A273895FB1FFD79F6AD" box="[454,663,1222,1248]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" precision="1" value="-175.2932">175° 17`35.5``W</geoCoordinate>
) at
<quantity id="4C9D64ACFF8F4A273B80FB1FFCCAF6AD" box="[723,804,1222,1248]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="118.0">118 m</quantity>
depth. The
<typeStatus id="54DE77EBFF8F4A273A9BFB1FFBC0F6AD" box="[968,1070,1222,1248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is deposited at the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt/Main,
<collectingCountry id="F37289D9FF8F4A273BA7FB37FC8FF745" box="[756,865,1262,1288]" name="Germany" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Germany</collectingCountry>
under the registration number
<collectionCode id="ED74518CFF8F4A273DBDFB37FAC7F745" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1262,1321,1262,1288]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">SMF</collectionCode>
10324.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF8F4A24386BFAE7FE7AF39B" blockId="5.[264,1323,1182,1888]" lastBlockId="6.[264,1323,284,470]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
Description: In life it is a pink to reddish­brown coloured sponge (
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF8F4A273D10FAE7FB62F715" box="[1091,1164,1342,1368]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1115,1139]" captionTargetBox="[411,1175,513,1085]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[411,1176,513,1087]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Plakina atka n. sp. Holotype encrusting a cobble. Tick marks on grid equal 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170254/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). The sponge is light brown in ethanol. It is similar in growth form to
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF8F4A273AFAFABFFBB0F732" box="[937,1118,1382,1407]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanaga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8F4A273AFAFABFFBB0F732" box="[937,1118,1382,1407]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Plakina tanaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8F4A273D34FABCFB44F732" bold="true" box="[1127,1194,1381,1407]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF8F4A273D34FABCFB44F732" box="[1127,1194,1381,1407]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
but with a slightly less convoluted surface and a different color. Single strands of the sponge have a smooth surface which is not microtuberculate like
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF8F4A273AD1FA6FFBD5F782" box="[898,1083,1462,1487]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanaga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8F4A273AD1FA6FFBD5F782" box="[898,1083,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Plakina tanaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8F4A273D1BFA6CFB6DF782" bold="true" box="[1096,1155,1461,1487]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF8F4A273D1BFA6CFB6DF782" box="[1096,1155,1461,1487]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The material consists of a single specimen encrusting a cobble. Thickness of encrustations is
<quantity id="4C9D64ACFF8F4A273D87FA07FEC1F46D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" unit="cm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.8 cm</quantity>
. Consistency is more soft than
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF8F4A273BFBF9DFFCF6F452" box="[680,792,1542,1567]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanaga">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8F4A273BFBF9DFFCF6F452" box="[680,792,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">P. tanaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and elastic. The specimen has an ectosomal dense spicule crust, averaging 100 µm in thickness. The choanosome is somewhat less densely packed with spicules. Spicules are vaguely arranged in tracts of varying orientation and with many spicules in between. Spiculation consists of diods, triods, calthrops and trilophose calthrops. Diods occur in two categories. Thin, smooth diods are typical plakinid diods, slightly bent and thickest in the center. Their dimensions are 70– 108
<date id="FFDBEF89FF8F4A27386EF92FFE6EF55D" box="[317,384,1782,1808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">x 3–6</date>
µm (
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF8F4A273890F92FFDE3F55D" box="[451,525,1782,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[264,367,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[485,1101,1196,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[485,1101,1196,1812]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Plakina atka n. sp. Smooth diods, smooth triods and, thicker triods with strongly spined bases of rays." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170255/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). The thick, spined category of diods, is possibly derived from the the spined category of triods and measures 82–
<date id="FFDBEF89FF8F4A273A7CF8C7FCA2F575" box="[815,844,1822,1848]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" value="1995-10-08" valueMax="1995-10-10" valueMin="1995-10-08">95</date>
x 8–10 µm (
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF8F4A273AB7F8C7FBC5F575" box="[996,1067,1822,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1014,1038]" captionTargetBox="[455,1130,313,986]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[455,1131,312,988]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plakina atka n. sp. Thick category of diods with central spines. Probably derived from spined triods through reduction of one ray." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170256/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Triods also occur in two distinct categories: relatively rare thin, smooth triods (28–33 µm/ray) and, much more abundant, thick, spined triods (23–
<date id="FFDBEF89FF8C4A243BF2FEC5FD50F37B" box="[673,702,284,310]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" value="1940-10-03" valueMax="1940-10-06" valueMin="1940-10-03">40</date>
x 3–6 µm/ray). These have a row of large spines on each ray, close to the center of the spicule. (
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF8C4A243A42FE9DFCB4F313" box="[785,858,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[264,367,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[485,1101,1196,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[485,1101,1196,1812]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Plakina atka n. sp. Smooth diods, smooth triods and, thicker triods with strongly spined bases of rays." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170255/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Calthrops are rare and were observed with a reduced fourth ray only (
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF8C4A243BD6FEB5FD20F3CB" box="[645,718,364,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[264,368,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[451,1136,1123,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[451,1136,1123,1807]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Plakina atka n. sp. Spined calthrops with reduced 4. ray, all rays with basal spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170257/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Tetralophose calthrops (
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF8C4A243D57FEB5FBA5F3CB" box="[1028,1099,364,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[264,368,1019,1043]" captionTargetBox="[459,1128,321,989]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[459,1130,321,990]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Plakina atka n. sp. Tetralophose calthrops, all rays tetrafurcate, points of rays microfurcate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170258/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) have tetrafurcate, occasionally pentafurcate rays, with microfurcate ends (
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF8C4A243AC5FE4DFC05F3E3" box="[918,1003,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[459,1128,1142,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[459,1130,1142,1812]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 10. Plakina atka n. sp. Microfurcate end of ray from a tetraloph, tetrafurcate lophocalthrops." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170259/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) and measure 18–23 µm in total length.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1A99C1FF8C4A24385BFB82FB12F63F" box="[264,1276,1113,1139]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170254/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[411,1175,513,1085]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF8C4A24385BFB82FB12F63F" blockId="6.[264,1276,1113,1139]" box="[264,1276,1113,1139]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8C4A24385BFB82FE64F63E" bold="true" box="[264,394,1115,1139]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF8C4A2438C2FB82FDF6F63F" box="[401,536,1115,1138]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8C4A2438C2FB82FDF6F63F" box="[401,536,1115,1138]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Plakina atka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8C4A243B4CFB80FD8CF63E" bold="true" box="[543,610,1113,1139]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF8C4A243B4CFB80FD8CF63E" box="[543,610,1113,1139]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Holotype encrusting a cobble. Tick marks on grid equal 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1A99C1FF8C4A24385BF8E9FE0BF526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170255/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[485,1101,1196,1811]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF8C4A24385BF8E9FE0BF526" blockId="6.[264,1322,1838,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8C4A24385BF8E9FE63F505" bold="true" box="[264,397,1840,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF8C4A2438CBF8E9FDCDF50A" box="[408,547,1840,1863]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8C4A2438CBF8E9FDCDF50A" box="[408,547,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Plakina atka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8C4A243B7DF8F7FD9BF505" bold="true" box="[558,629,1838,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF8C4A243B7DF8F7FD9BF505" box="[558,629,1838,1864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Smooth diods, smooth triods and, thicker triods with strongly spined bases of rays.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1A99C1FF8D4A25385BFC2FFD20F678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170256/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[455,1130,313,986]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF8D4A25385BFC2FFD20F678" blockId="7.[264,1323,1012,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8D4A25385BFC2FFE67F643" bold="true" box="[264,393,1014,1038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF8D4A2538C3FC2EFDF9F643" box="[400,535,1015,1038]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8D4A2538C3FC2EFDF9F643" box="[400,535,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Plakina atka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8D4A253B4EFC2DFDB1F643" bold="true" box="[541,607,1012,1038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF8D4A253B4EFC2DFDB1F643" box="[541,607,1012,1038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Thick category of diods with central spines. Probably derived from spined triods through reduction of one ray.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1A99C1FF8D4A25385BF8F2FAE2F50E" box="[264,1292,1833,1859]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170257/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[451,1136,1123,1807]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF8D4A25385BF8F2FAE2F50E" blockId="7.[264,1292,1833,1859]" box="[264,1292,1833,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8D4A25385BF8F2FE65F50E" bold="true" box="[264,395,1835,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF8D4A2538C2F8F5FDF6F50E" box="[401,536,1836,1859]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8D4A2538C2F8F5FDF6F50E" box="[401,536,1836,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Plakina atka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF8D4A253B4CF8F0FD8CF50E" bold="true" box="[543,610,1833,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF8D4A253B4CF8F0FD8CF50E" box="[543,610,1833,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Spined calthrops with reduced 4.ray, all rays with basal spines.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1A99C1FF824A2A385BFC22FE76F677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170258/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" targetBox="[459,1128,321,989]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF824A2A385BFC22FE76F677" blockId="8.[264,1322,1017,1082]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF824A2A385BFC22FE7EF65E" bold="true" box="[264,400,1019,1043]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF824A2A38CDFC22FDC3F65F" box="[414,557,1019,1042]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF824A2A38CDFC22FDC3F65F" box="[414,557,1019,1042]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Plakina atka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF824A2A3B69FC20FD6AF65E" bold="true" box="[570,644,1017,1043]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF824A2A3B69FC20FD6AF65E" box="[570,644,1017,1043]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Tetralophose calthrops, all rays tetrafurcate, points of rays microfurcate.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1A99C1FF824A2A385BF8E9FE40F522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170259/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" targetBox="[459,1128,1142,1811]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF824A2A385BF8E9FE40F522" blockId="8.[264,1323,1838,1903]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF824A2A385BF8E9FE4FF505" bold="true" box="[264,417,1840,1864]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF824A2A38E1F8E8FDACF505" box="[434,578,1841,1864]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF824A2A38E1F8E8FDACF505" box="[434,578,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Plakina atka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF824A2A3B00F8F7FD4EF505" box="[595,672,1838,1864]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF824A2A3B00F8F7FD4EF505" bold="true" box="[595,672,1838,1864]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Microfurcate end of ray from a tetraloph, tetrafurcate lophocalthrops.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF804A28386BFEC5FE84F633" blockId="10.[264,1324,283,1510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
Discussion:
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283894FEC5FDFDF378" box="[455,531,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283B4DFEC2FDB7F378" bold="true" box="[542,601,283,309]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">n.sp.</emphasis>
, also a member of the
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283A30FEC5FC51F37B" box="[867,959,284,310]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trilopha">trilopha</taxonomicName>
–species­complex, differs from other Pacific species of
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283B4DFE9DFD97F310" box="[542,633,324,349]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283B4DFE9DFD97F310" box="[542,633,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Plakina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the conspicuous convoluted surface, shared only with
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283C46FE9DFEB7F3C8" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanaga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283C46FE9DFEB7F3C8" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. tanaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283837FEB2FE71F3C8" bold="true" box="[356,415,363,389]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222A820FF804A283837FEB2FE71F3C8" box="[356,415,363,389]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A2838F9FEB5FDB6F3C8" box="[426,600,364,389]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microlobata">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A2838F9FEB5FDB6F3C8" box="[426,600,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. microlobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283BCBFEB5FCF9F3C8" box="[664,791,364,389]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pacifica">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283BCBFEB5FCF9F3C8" box="[664,791,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. pacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have dilophose and monolophose calthrops respectively, so conspecifity can be excluded.
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283A7CFE4DFC4DF3E0" box="[815,931,404,429]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283A7CFE4DFC4DF3E0" box="[815,931,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283AE0FE4DFBF1F3E0" box="[947,1055,404,429]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bioxea">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283AE0FE4DFBF1F3E0" box="[947,1055,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. bioxea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283D30FE4DFAC4F3E0" box="[1123,1322,404,429]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tetralophoides">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283D30FE4DFAC4F3E0" box="[1123,1322,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. tetralophoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283B11FE65FD73F39B" box="[578,669,444,470]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trilopha">trilopha</taxonomicName>
species­complex and should be discussed further.
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283C46FE65FEB3F3B0" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283C46FE65FEB3F3B0" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. fragilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in color and in being an extremely thin encrustation (
<quantity id="4C9D64ACFF804A283D65FE3DFB79F3B3" box="[1078,1175,484,510]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
). It does not have the conspicuously spined category of triods and is also lacking the tetralophose calthrops of
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A2838F1FDEDFE1FF000" box="[418,497,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283B53FDEAFDD5F000" bold="true" box="[512,571,563,589]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">n.sp.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283B15FDEDFD5AF000" box="[582,692,564,589]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bioxea">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283B15FDEDFD5AF000" box="[582,692,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. bioxea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in having two categories of diods, the large category much longer than in
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283B34FD85FD5CF038" box="[615,690,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283BEEFD82FD16F038" bold="true" box="[701,760,603,629]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">n.sp.</emphasis>
Lophose calthrops occur in
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283D16FD85FB5EF038" box="[1093,1200,604,629]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bioxea">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283D16FD85FB5EF038" box="[1093,1200,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. bioxea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as mono­, di­ and trilophose calthrops, in contrast to only tetralophose calthrops in
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283D26FD5DFB2DF0D0" box="[1141,1219,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283D82FD5DFAE2F0D3" bold="true" box="[1233,1292,644,670]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">n.sp.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283C46FD5DFE5FF088" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tetralophoides">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283C46FD5DFE5FF088" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. tetralophoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares the spined triods and tetralophose calthrops of
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283D0AFD75FB47F088" box="[1113,1193,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283DEAFD75FB1AF08B" bold="true" box="[1209,1268,684,710]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">n.sp.</emphasis>
and appears to be the most closely related species to
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283A68FD0DFC68F0A0" box="[827,902,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
n.sp but differs in the species habit. Furthermore,
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A2838F9FD25FE18F158" box="[426,502,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283B51FD25FDD3F15B" bold="true" box="[514,573,764,790]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">n.sp.</emphasis>
has, in addition to the spined triods present in both species, the usual smooth diods and triods. As argued above,
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283A04FCFDFEADF12B" authority="Tanita &amp; Hoshino, 1989" authorityName="Tanita &amp; Hoshino" authorityYear="1989" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="monolopha">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283A04FCFDFC14F170" box="[855,1018,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. monolopha</emphasis>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFF4B4B8FF804A283D1DFCFDFEADF12B" author="Tanita" pageId="10" pageNumber="38" refString="Tanita, S. &amp; Hoshino, T. (1989) The Demospongiae of Sagami Bay. Biological Laboratory of the Imperial Household of Japan, 166 pp." type="book" year="1989">Tanita &amp; Hoshino, 1989</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is likely to belong to the
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283B3CFC95FD24F12B" box="[623,714,844,870]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trilopha">trilopha</taxonomicName>
species­complex and therefore should be discussed here.
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283818FCADFCF9F1C3" authority="Tanita &amp; Hoshino" authorityName="Tanita &amp; Hoshino" box="[331,791,884,910]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="monolopha">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283818FCADFE00F1C0" box="[331,494,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. monolopha</emphasis>
sensu Tanita &amp; Hoshino
</taxonomicName>
differs in growth form, in having trilophose calthrops and in lacking the spined triods of
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283A72FC45FC81F1F8" box="[801,879,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283A2FFC45FC59F1FB" bold="true" box="[892,951,924,950]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">n.sp.</emphasis>
Remarkably, both new species described here have both smooth triods and a second category with spines at the base of the rays; a character shared only with
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283B87FC35FC4AF648" box="[724,932,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283B87FC35FC4EF648" box="[724,928,1004,1029]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tetralophoides">P. tetralophoides</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Based on these observations we conclude that
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A2838FDFBCDFD9BF660" box="[430,629,1044,1069]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tetralophoides">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A2838FDFBCDFD9BF660" box="[430,629,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. tetralophoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most closely related species to
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283D64FBCDFB6AF660" box="[1079,1156,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
n.sp, perhaps not surprising since it is the geographically the closest record of another species of
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A28385BFBBDFE8DF630" box="[264,355,1124,1149]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A28385BFBBDFE8DF630" box="[264,355,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Plakina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF804A28386BFB55FCA7F7DB" blockId="10.[264,1324,283,1510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A28386BFB55FE3DF6E8" box="[312,467,1164,1189]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A28386BFB55FE3DF6E8" box="[312,467,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Plakina atka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283BD1FB55FD19F6E8" box="[642,759,1164,1189]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanaga">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283BD1FB55FD19F6E8" box="[642,759,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. tanaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in growth form, color, surface structure and spiculation. In the pink colored
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283BC5FB6DFCDEF680" box="[662,816,1204,1229]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283BC5FB6DFCDEF680" box="[662,816,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Plakina atka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
single strands of the sponge have a less distinctive outline and are more widely spaced than in the beige colored
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283D07FB05FB2DF6B8" box="[1108,1219,1244,1269]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanaga">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283D07FB05FB2DF6B8" box="[1108,1219,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. tanaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF804A283DA2FB05FEFDF753" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,368,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[416,1172,1169,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[416,1172,1169,1808]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Plakina tanaga n. sp. In situ in Little Tanaga Strait at 146 m depth encrusting a vertical bedrock wall with numerous other invertebrates. Width of photo approx. 38 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170250/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF804A28387CFADDFED1F753" box="[303,319,1284,1310]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1115,1139]" captionTargetBox="[411,1175,513,1085]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[411,1176,513,1087]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Plakina atka n. sp. Holotype encrusting a cobble. Tick marks on grid equal 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170254/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">5</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A28380FFADDFE40F750" box="[348,430,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
is softer than
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283B27FADDFD1FF750" box="[628,753,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283B27FADDFD02F750" box="[628,748,1284,1309]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanaga">P. tanaga</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The spined spicule categories of
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283DF1FADDFB1BF750" box="[1186,1269,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
are considerably more strongly spined than the ones in
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283AD6FAF5FC19F708" box="[901,1015,1324,1349]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanaga">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283AD6FAF5FC19F708" box="[901,1015,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. tanaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF804A283D7CFAF5FB6AF70B" box="[1071,1156,1324,1350]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[264,368,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[420,1166,1101,1839]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[420,1167,1101,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Plakina tanaga n. sp. Weakly spined triods and trilophose calthrops." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170252/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF804A283DC5FAF5FB4BF70B" box="[1174,1189,1324,1350]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1014,1038]" captionTargetBox="[455,1130,313,986]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[455,1131,312,988]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plakina atka n. sp. Thick category of diods with central spines. Probably derived from spined triods through reduction of one ray." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170256/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">7</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF804A283D81FAF5FB0DF70B" box="[1234,1251,1324,1350]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[264,368,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[451,1136,1123,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[451,1136,1123,1807]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Plakina atka n. sp. Spined calthrops with reduced 4. ray, all rays with basal spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170257/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">8</figureCitation>
). The lophocalthrops of
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A28388DFA8DFDC4F720" box="[478,554,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. a t k a</emphasis>
is a tetralophose calthrops of roughly half the size (tab. 1) of the trilophose calthrops of
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283B44FAA5FD68F7D8" box="[535,646,1404,1429]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tanaga">
<emphasis id="B911155BFF804A283B44FAA5FD68F7D8" box="[535,646,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">P. tanaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF804A283BE7FAA5FCEBF7DB" box="[692,773,1404,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[264,367,972,996]" captionTargetBox="[483,1104,329,949]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[483,1104,329,949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Plakina tanaga n. sp. Trilophose calthrops with tetrafurcate lophose rays and biforked non­lophose ray." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170253/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="135ED5CCFF804A283A7AFAA5FCD4F7DB" box="[809,826,1404,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[264,368,1019,1043]" captionTargetBox="[459,1128,321,989]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[459,1130,321,990]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Plakina atka n. sp. Tetralophose calthrops, all rays tetrafurcate, points of rays microfurcate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170258/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF804A28386BFA7DFC9AF7F3" blockId="10.[264,1324,283,1510]" box="[312,884,1444,1470]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Distribution: Known only from the type­locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDAC949FF804A28386BFA15FB50F7AB" blockId="10.[264,1324,283,1510]" box="[312,1214,1484,1510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
Etymology: Named after
<taxonomicName id="4C65B2CAFF804A283B30FA15FD72F7AB" box="[611,668,1484,1510]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atka">Atka</taxonomicName>
Island close to where the
<typeStatus id="54DE77EBFF804A283A9DFA15FBDBF7AB" box="[974,1077,1484,1510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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