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<document id="23EAB9D02969E3CD74E915DB43408D10" ID-CLB-Dataset="26611" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2019.528" ID-GBIF-Dataset="af825f01-156e-4a46-9626-f285833d202e" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3236093" ID-ZooBank="E2B81308-1AEB-40E6-8981-5A597B48CB42" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1559295717404" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grootaert, Patrick &amp; Velde, Isabella Van De" docDate="2019" docId="03CB87E9FFD2FF851A6E0F9DB679F988" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-528_grootaert_va.der.velde.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 528" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Crossopalpus complicatus Grootaert &amp; Velde 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F88E44C6-ED90-4A5D-A35B-D8DAB8AC5910" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFF2FF91FFD8FF8818250D59B410FF9B" masterDocTitle="Empidoid flies from Cabo Verde (Diptera, Empidoidea, Dolichopodidae and Hybotidae) are not only composed of Old World tropical species" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698732611222" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9A806F288F7732BEBA29C5D4D6A9D7EF">Empidoid flies from Cabo Verde (Diptera, Empidoidea, Dolichopodidae and Hybotidae) are not only composed of Old World tropical species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CFAECEC24BB58C56FC70FB1EBB7D8DE8" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D30650EF39ED767CD87CB6603FBCB0ED">Grootaert, Patrick</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="4C22608B1FA9E1B9048184BF31F8A710">Velde, Isabella Van De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C7A6283AAC01B4519F4A498C592305C8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="9A6C2A385CDE1B28E98A7A4202D4823A">
<mods:title id="C2AF5A2719A48B01D8C5488850F7B546">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="61AFF0E20B1843DA49B3379FCCD9FD6B">
<mods:date id="8BAA7AE6DB3F98D21142631D430E7D19">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3207F777A734A9DDAD9D179D6DACA572" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="092C4DF0BB9A6EB9B06D5C1BC2FD6A2B">2019-05-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="7B7C48221AEA976D12A0C8DAB8AD9818" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9C252040F942FC8EA514FE5868DD39AB">528</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3323583246864914DF4534DB91192F13">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="8584B766FDD22D134B49F1A0EA99398D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A4327D3D3F7231EBB5D79A2C0A1A337A" type="CLB-Dataset">26611</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BD97127D601A50FEB6C684771C398020" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2019.528</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CB87E9FFD2FF851A6E0F9DB679F988" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157330248" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F88E44C6-ED90-4A5D-A35B-D8DAB8AC5910" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB87E9FFD2FF851A6E0F9DB679F988" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<subSubSection id="C3786574FFD2FF821A6E0F9DB75DFCBE" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD2FF821A6E0F9DB7F9FD44" blockId="10.[353,1235,708,805]" box="[587,1001,708,735]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D0958193FFD2FF821A6E0F9DB7F9FD44" box="[587,1001,708,735]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD2FF821A6E0F9DB797FD44" ID-CoL="9HN6K" authority="Grootaert &amp; Velde, 2019" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Velde" authorityYear="2019" box="[587,903,708,735]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complicatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD2FF821A6E0F9DB797FD44" bold="true" box="[587,903,708,735]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Crossopalpus complicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255796FFD2FF821BAB0F9CB7F9FD44" box="[910,1001,709,735]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD2FF8219440FB1B0C3FC98" blockId="10.[353,1235,708,805]" box="[353,1235,744,771]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<uri id="FFF33AFDFFD2FF8219440FB1B0C3FC98" box="[353,1235,744,771]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFC40C2AFFD2FF821A5A0FB1B0C3FC98" box="[639,1235,744,771]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">F88E44C6-ED90-4A5D-A35B-D8DAB8AC5910</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD2FF821AC20E52B75DFCBE" blockId="10.[353,1235,708,805]" box="[743,845,779,805]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD2FF821AC20E52B75DFCBE" box="[743,845,779,805]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="11.[189,232,1967,1993]" captionStartId-1="12.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,1028,1924]" captionTargetBox-1="[206,1371,1394,1857]" captionTargetId-0="figure@11.[189,1399,1028,1924]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[189,1399,1361,1883]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionText-0="Fig. 7. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, habitus (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS)." captionText-1="Fig. 8. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, terminalia (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS). A. Right surstyli. B. Lateral view of right epandrial lamella. C. Dorsal view of epandrium, with detail of left surstyli. D. Tip of right surstylus from inside. Scales: 0.1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3236109/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3236111/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 7–8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786574FFD2FF8218980E14B5CEFC47" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD2FF8218980E14B526FCFC" blockId="10.[189,310,845,871]" box="[189,310,845,871]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D0958193FFD2FF8218980E14B526FCFC" bold="true" box="[189,310,845,871]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD2FF8218980E14B526FCFC" bold="true" box="[189,310,845,871]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD2FF8218980E22B5CEFC47" blockId="10.[189,1399,891,988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Antenna black but postpedicel contrastingly reddish yellow. All tibiae yellow. Hind tibiae lacking long black dorsal bristles, but long fine yellowish hairs present; ventrally with long fine black bristles twice as long as width of tibia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF1D6677FFD2FF8218980AF5B570F872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236107/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[189,232,1964,1990]" targetBox="[189,1398,1015,1922]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD2FF8218980AF5B570F872" blockId="10.[189,1399,1964,2026]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD2FF8218980AF5B51BF85D" bold="true" box="[189,267,1964,1990]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
View of the sebkha to the northwest of Santa Maria (Sal), where
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD2FF821C2A0AF5B104F85D" authority="Grootaert &amp; Velde, 2019" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Velde" authorityYear="2019" box="[1039,1300,1964,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD2FF821C2A0AF5B104F85D" box="[1039,1300,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Crossopalpus salensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255796FFD2FF821D390AF5B167F85D" box="[1308,1399,1964,1990]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
was recorded.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3786574FFD3FF8318980C52B05CFEC8" box="[189,1100,267,340]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD3FF8318980C52B554FEBE" blockId="11.[189,324,267,293]" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D0958193FFD3FF8318980C52B554FEBE" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD3FF8318980C52B554FEBE" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD3FF8318980C60B05CFEC8" blockId="11.[189,1100,313,340]" box="[189,1100,313,340]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">The specific epithet refers to the complicated structure of the male terminalia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786574FFD3FF8318980C22B716FD91" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD3FF8318980C22B57CFE0E" blockId="11.[189,364,379,405]" box="[189,364,379,405]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D0958193FFD3FF8318980C22B57CFE0E" bold="true" box="[189,364,379,405]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD3FF8318980C22B57CFE0E" bold="true" box="[189,364,379,405]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD3FF8318CF0CF3B716FD91" blockId="11.[189,1398,426,522]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CA2FFD3FF8318CF0CF3B716FD91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2247698109" collectingDate="2019-02-05" collectionCode="RBINS" collectorName="P. Grootaert &amp; I. Van de Velde" country="Cape Verde" latitude="16.61014" location="Van de Velde" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-22.924292" municipality="Santa Maria" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sal" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54D9885DFFD3FF8318CF0CF3B54CFE5F" box="[234,348,426,452]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD3FF8318CF0CF3B54CFE5F" bold="true" box="[234,348,426,452]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
<collectingCountry id="F375766FFFD3FF8318980C94B561FE7C" box="[189,369,461,487]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">CAPE VERDE</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D64FD76FFD3FF8319AE0C94B5B4FE7C" box="[395,420,461,487]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="49A6F81DFFD3FF8319970C94B5CAFE7C" box="[434,474,461,487]" country="Cape Verde" name="Sal" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Sal</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB9AC85FFD3FF8319C30C94B66AFE7C" box="[486,634,461,487]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Santa Maria</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE565038FFD3FF831AA30C92B751FE7C" box="[646,833,459,487]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="36.50" value="16.61014">16°36′36.50″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565038FFD3FF831B680C92B01EFE7C" box="[845,1038,459,487]" degrees="22" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="27.45" value="-22.924292">22°55′27.45″ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D7FFD3FF831C3F0C95B0BAFE7C" box="[1050,1194,460,487]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2019-02-05">
<date id="FFDC103FFFD3FF831C3F0C95B0BAFE7C" box="[1050,1194,460,487]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2019-02-05">5 Feb. 2019</date>
</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="26975329FFD3FF831C920C94B154FE7C" box="[1207,1348,461,487]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. Grootaert</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26975329FFD3FF8318980CA9B57FFD91" box="[189,367,496,522]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
I.
<location id="8EBD6024FFD3FF8318F00CA9B57FFD91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87E9FFD2FF851A6E0F9DB679F988:8EBD6024FFD3FF8318F00CA9B57FFD91" box="[213,367,496,522]" country="Cape Verde" latitude="16.61014" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-22.924292" municipality="Santa Maria" name="Van de Velde" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="Sal">Van de Velde</location>
</collectorName>
leg.; irrigated waste land;
<collectionCode id="ED73AE3AFFD3FF831A8D0CA9B712FD91" box="[680,770,496,522]" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786574FFD3FF8518980F68B529FCF7" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD3FF8318980F68B55EFDD0" blockId="11.[189,334,561,587]" box="[189,334,561,587]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D0958193FFD3FF8318980F68B55EFDD0" bold="true" box="[189,334,561,587]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD3FF8318980F68B55EFDD0" bold="true" box="[189,334,561,587]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD3FF8318CF0F39B5BBFDE1" blockId="11.[189,728,608,669]" box="[234,427,608,634]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD3FF8318CF0F39B53AFDE1" bold="true" box="[234,298,608,634]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD3FF83191C0F39B5B2FDE1" box="[313,418,608,634]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="11.[189,232,1967,1993]" captionStartId-1="12.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,1028,1924]" captionTargetBox-1="[206,1371,1394,1857]" captionTargetId-0="figure@11.[189,1399,1028,1924]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[189,1399,1361,1883]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionText-0="Fig. 7. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, habitus (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS)." captionText-1="Fig. 8. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, terminalia (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS). A. Right surstyli. B. Lateral view of right epandrial lamella. C. Dorsal view of epandrium, with detail of left surstyli. D. Tip of right surstylus from inside. Scales: 0.1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3236109/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3236111/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 7–8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD3FF8318980FDAB6C8FD06" blockId="11.[189,728,608,669]" box="[189,728,643,669]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
MEASUREMENTS. Body:
<quantity id="4C9A9B1AFFD3FF8319EF0FDAB637FD06" box="[458,551,643,669]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
; wing:
<quantity id="4C9A9B1AFFD3FF831A5B0FDAB6C8FD06" box="[638,728,643,669]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD3FF8318980F9CB72CFC29" blockId="11.[189,1399,708,946]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">HEAD. Black. Eyes touching on face near middle, widening below toward palpi, grey dusted. Frons parallel-sided, as wide as scape, finely dusted. A pair of long proclinate black ocellars and a pair of long crossing black verticals. Postoculars short, white, uniseriate above, biseriate below. Antenna black, except for the reddish yellow pedicel. Scape very short; pedicel as long as wide, with a black ventral bristle more than twice as long as pedicel; postpedicel 1.5× as long as wide; stylus subapical three times as long as all antennal segments together or five times as long as postpedicel. Ratio of scape, pedicel, postpedicel and stylus in mm: 0.026:0.052:0.091:0.52.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1D6677FFD3FF8318980AF6B535F876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236109/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[189,232,1967,1993]" targetBox="[189,1399,1028,1924]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD3FF8318980AF6B535F876" blockId="11.[189,1398,1967,2029]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD3FF8318980AF6B51AF851" bold="true" box="[189,266,1967,1994]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD3FF8319350AF6B655F852" authority="Grootaert &amp; Velde, 2019" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Velde" authorityYear="2019" box="[272,581,1967,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complicatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD3FF8319350AF6B655F852" box="[272,581,1967,1993]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Crossopalpus complicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255796FFD3FF831A6E0AE9B6B7F851" box="[587,679,1968,1994]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male holotype, habitus (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD4FF8418980C52B6B1FED2" blockId="12.[189,1398,267,329]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Palpus rounded, covered with white hairs and one long black apical bristle as long as palpus. Proboscis strong, shining black, half as long as eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD4FF8418980C29B6C0FE6F" blockId="12.[189,1399,368,500]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">THORAX. Black. Pleura shiny except for a sparse dusting on mesopleura. Scutum shiny black, uniformly densely covered with short pale hairs. Five long black dorsocentrals, acrostichals lacking, two long notopleurals, one pre-sutural, one supra-alar, one postalar. A pair of long scutellars with a seta at each side, half as long as the apical scutellar setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD4FF8418980F45B71EFD59" blockId="12.[189,1398,539,707]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">LEGS. With a colour pattern. Fore coxa black, but apical margin narrowly reddish yellow. All trochanters contrastingly reddish-yellow with a ventral black spot. Fore femur shiny black, but apical quarter reddish yellow. Mid femur black, but only apical fifth reddish yellow. Hind femur shiny black, but extreme base and apical fifth reddish yellow. All tibiae and tarsomeres 1–3 reddish yellow. All tarsomeres 4 with apical half brown, all tarsomeres 5 entirely brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD4FF8418980FB3B12FFCF6" blockId="12.[189,1399,745,877]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FORE LEG. Coxa protruding at base, covered with short white hairs, apical setae longer, white. Fore femur spindle-shaped enlarged in basal ⅔. A long fine black anterior and a posterior preapical present. A row of white posteroventral setae in basal half nearly as long as half the width of femur, basalmost seta longer than width of femur. Tibia with a pair of long black preapicals, ventrally with inconspicuous hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD4FF8418980ECCB17BFC4A" blockId="12.[189,1398,916,978]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MID LEG. Coxa with white apical setae. Mid femur more slender than fore femur. Anterodorsally with a row of short white setae. Ventrally with short dense white hairs, basal seta longer than width of femur.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD4FF8518980EA0B66DFED7" blockId="12.[189,1399,1017,1290]" lastBlockId="13.[189,1399,265,333]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">HIND LEG. Femur spindle-shaped dilated in medial two quarters, about as wide as fore femur. Dorsally with a dense white setation on basal third. Two brownish anterodorsal setae on apical quarter. About five short white anteroventral setae, less than half as long as width of femur. A white ventral seta at base twice as long as width of femur. A long preapical anterior seta, posterior preapical lacking. Tibia shorter than femur. Ventrally over entire length with white hairs at least half as long as width of tibia, the hairs are densest on apical half; two long brown ventral setae longer than width of tibia on apical half. Two stronger black anterior setae near middle. One pale and one white anteroventral setae on basal half. Apex of tibia with two short black spines and a long triangular spur, with a small subapical notch. Tarsomere 1 long, apical ⅔ posteroventrally with a dense tuft of golden, flattened hairs. Ventrally with a short black spine near middle and an apical spine.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1D6677FFD4FF8418980AD3B0E2F870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236111/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[189,232,1930,1956]" targetBox="[206,1371,1394,1857]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD4FF8418980AD3B0E2F870" blockId="12.[189,1399,1930,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD4FF8418980AD3B51FF83F" bold="true" box="[189,271,1930,1956]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD4FF84193E0AD3B646F83F" authority="Grootaert &amp; Velde, 2019" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Velde" authorityYear="2019" box="[283,598,1930,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complicatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD4FF84193E0AD3B646F83F" box="[283,598,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Crossopalpus complicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255796FFD4FF841A470AD2B6D4F83E" box="[610,708,1931,1957]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male holotype, terminalia (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS).
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD4FF84198E0AF4B5D0F85C" bold="true" box="[427,448,1965,1991]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
. Right surstyli.
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD4FF841AAD0AF7B68CF853" bold="true" box="[648,668,1966,1992]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
. Lateral view of right epandrial lamella.
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD4FF841CBC0AF4B0BEF85C" bold="true" box="[1177,1198,1965,1991]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
. Dorsal view of epandrium, with detail of left surstyli.
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD4FF841AA50A88B685F870" bold="true" box="[640,661,2001,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">D</emphasis>
. Tip of right surstylus from inside. Scales: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518980C2EB6B4FE23" blockId="13.[189,1399,375,440]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">WING. Clear with yellowish brown veins. Hairs on costa pale, basal coastal bristle long, black. Squama pale, with long white cilia. Haltere white.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518980CBBB116FDD2" blockId="13.[189,1399,482,585]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ABDOMEN. With seven visible tergites, all shiny black and covered with fine pale hairs. Anterior half of tergite 1 not sclerotized, but posterior half strongly sclerotized. Sternites with central parts strongly sclerotized, black, covered with pale hairs, sternites 2 and 3 with a few longer marginal setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518980F2DB031FC99" blockId="13.[189,1398,627,770]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
TERMINALIA. Black (
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD5FF8519810F2AB5FBFD16" box="[420,491,627,653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[206,1371,1394,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[189,1399,1361,1883]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, terminalia (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS). A. Right surstyli. B. Lateral view of right epandrial lamella. C. Dorsal view of epandrium, with detail of left surstyli. D. Tip of right surstylus from inside. Scales: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236111/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
), narrower than tip of abdomen. Cerci apically broadly fused (
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD5FF851CE00F2AB131FD16" box="[1221,1313,627,653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[206,1371,1394,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[189,1399,1361,1883]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, terminalia (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS). A. Right surstyli. B. Lateral view of right epandrial lamella. C. Dorsal view of epandrium, with detail of left surstyli. D. Tip of right surstylus from inside. Scales: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236111/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
). Right surstylus consisting of three lobes. The dorsal lobe has a wide apex with a small point on the apical border, covered with few short hairs (
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD5FF851A5B0F98B6CEFD40" box="[638,734,705,731]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[206,1371,1394,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[189,1399,1361,1883]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, terminalia (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS). A. Right surstyli. B. Lateral view of right epandrial lamella. C. Dorsal view of epandrium, with detail of left surstyli. D. Tip of right surstylus from inside. Scales: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236111/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
). The ventral lobe of the right surstylus is covered with longer bristles. Left surstylus composed of two short lobes only (
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD5FF851B920FBEB004FC99" box="[951,1044,743,770]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[206,1371,1394,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[189,1399,1361,1883]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, terminalia (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS). A. Right surstyli. B. Lateral view of right epandrial lamella. C. Dorsal view of epandrium, with detail of left surstyli. D. Tip of right surstylus from inside. Scales: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236111/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518CF0E75B555FCDD" blockId="13.[189,325,812,876]" box="[234,325,812,838]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF8518CF0E75B555FCDD" bold="true" box="[234,325,812,838]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518980E0BB529FCF7" blockId="13.[189,325,812,876]" box="[189,313,850,876]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786574FFD5FF8518980ECEB148FBB5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518980ECEB53FFC2A" blockId="13.[189,303,919,945]" box="[189,303,919,945]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D0958193FFD5FF8518980ECEB53FFC2A" bold="true" box="[189,303,919,945]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF8518980ECEB53FFC2A" bold="true" box="[189,303,919,945]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518980E91B148FBB5" blockId="13.[189,1398,968,1071]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
The new species belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD5FF851A0B0E91B6D6FC79" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1830" box="[558,710,968,994]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenescens">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF851A0B0E91B6D6FC79" box="[558,710,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. aenescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B0EFFD5FF851B470E91B7FDFC79" author="Collin J. E." box="[866,1005,968,994]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="385 - 420" refId="ref6393" refString="Collin J. E. 1960. Some Empididae from Palestine. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 2: 385 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935908650872" type="journal article" year="1960">Collin 1960</bibRefCitation>
as referred by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B0EFFD5FF851CBF0E91B128FC78" author="Smith K. G. V." box="[1178,1336,968,995]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref6677" refString="Smith K. G. V. 1967. Afrikanische Empididae (Dipt.). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde A 179: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1967">Smith (1967)</bibRefCitation>
. This group is characterized by the right surstylus, which is split up in two or more lobes. The dorsal lobe has a broad tip with a small apical point (
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD5FF851A57094DB6DEFBB5" box="[626,718,1044,1070]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[206,1371,1394,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[189,1399,1361,1883]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, terminalia (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS). A. Right surstyli. B. Lateral view of right epandrial lamella. C. Dorsal view of epandrium, with detail of left surstyli. D. Tip of right surstylus from inside. Scales: 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236111/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
) and the ventral lobe is generally set with long bristles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786574FFD5FF8518980900B679F988" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="key">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518980900B6CBFBE8" blockId="13.[189,731,1112,1139]" box="[189,731,1112,1139]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D0958193FFD5FF8518980900B6CBFBE8" bold="true" box="[189,731,1112,1139]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF8518980900B6CBFBE8" bold="true" box="[189,731,1112,1139]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Key to male
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD5FF85197F0901B5EDFBE8" ID-CoL="8YQCR" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1857" box="[346,509,1112,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF85197F0901B5EDFBE8" bold="true" box="[346,509,1112,1139]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Crossopalpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F375766FFFD5FF851A6C0901B6CBFBE8" box="[585,731,1112,1139]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<key id="FFF361CEFFD5FF85189809D3B167FA19" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyStep id="30962E5AFFD5FF85189809D3B167FB6A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF85189809D3B167FB3F" blockId="13.[189,1399,1162,1265]" box="[189,1399,1162,1189]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="309395CAFFD5FF85189809D3B167FB3F" box="[189,1399,1162,1189]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
1. Hind tibia with strong dorsal bristles (
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD5FF851A8D09D3B6E1FB3F" box="[680,753,1162,1188]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,897,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1399,897,1923]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Crossopalpus salensis sp. nov., male holotype, habitus (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236103/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
); antenna entirely black ............................................. 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518E409E8B167FB6A" blockId="13.[189,1399,1162,1265]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="309395CAFFD5FF8518E409E8B167FB6A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
– Hind tibiae with weak dorsal bristles (
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD5FF851A8509E9B6F7FB50" box="[672,743,1200,1227]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1028,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[189,1399,1028,1924]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Crossopalpus complicatus sp. nov., male holotype, habitus (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236109/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), but long ventrals; pedicel contrastingly reddish yellow, scape and postpedicel black ...........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD5FF851C47098FB105FB6A" ID-CoL="9HN6K" authority="Grootaert &amp; Velde, 2019" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Velde" authorityYear="2019" box="[1122,1301,1238,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complicatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF851C47098FB105FB6A" bold="true" box="[1122,1301,1238,1265]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. complicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255796FFD5FF851D39098EB167FB6A" box="[1308,1399,1239,1265]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30962E5AFFD5FF8518980842B167FA19" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518980842B167FAC0" blockId="13.[189,1399,1307,1410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="309395CAFFD5FF8518980842B167FAC0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
2. Male terminalia large, broader than apex of abdomen (lobes of right surstylus as in figs
<quantity id="4C9A9B1AFFD5FF851CC40842B13AFAAE" box="[1249,1322,1307,1333]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="7.62" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B0EFFD5FF851D150842B536FAC7" author="Smith K. G. V." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref6677" refString="Smith K. G. V. 1967. Afrikanische Empididae (Dipt.). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde A 179: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1967">Smith 1967</bibRefCitation>
) ................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD5FF851BD80818B167FAC0" ID-CoL="6DJFB" authority="Wiedemann, 1830" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1830" box="[1021,1399,1345,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenescens">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF851BD80818B08AFAC0" bold="true" box="[1021,1178,1345,1371]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. aenescens</emphasis>
Wiedemann, 1830
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF8518E40831B167FA19" blockId="13.[189,1399,1307,1410]" box="[193,1399,1383,1410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="309395CAFFD5FF8518E40831B167FA19" box="[193,1399,1383,1410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
– Male terminalia narrower than apex of abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13592A7AFFD5FF851B14083EB768FA1A" box="[817,888,1383,1409]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,897,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1399,897,1923]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Crossopalpus salensis sp. nov., male holotype, habitus (leg. P. Grootaert and I. Van de Velde, RBINS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3236103/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) ....................................
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD5FF851CB1083EB105FA19" ID-CoL="9HN6L" authority="Grootaert &amp; Velde, 2019" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Velde" authorityYear="2019" box="[1172,1301,1383,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF851CB1083EB105FA19" bold="true" box="[1172,1301,1383,1410]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. salensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255796FFD5FF851D390831B167FA19" box="[1308,1399,1384,1410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
<paragraph id="8BDD36FFFFD5FF85189808F5B679F988" blockId="13.[189,1398,1452,1555]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
For the identification of the Afrotropical
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD5FF851A9008F5B745FA5D" ID-CoL="8YQCR" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1857" box="[693,853,1452,1478]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF851A9008F5B745FA5D" box="[693,853,1452,1478]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Crossopalpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
we refer to the keys of
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B0EFFD5FF851CAC08F5B150FA5D" author="Raffone G." box="[1161,1344,1452,1478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="219 - 229" refId="ref6615" refString="Raffone G. 1994. Terzo contributo alla conoscenza dei ditteri Hybotidi della Sierra Leone. Accademia nazionale dei Lincei 267: 219 - 229." type="journal article" year="1994">Raffone (1994)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B0EFFD5FF851898088BB637FA77" author="Grootaert P. &amp; Shamshev I." box="[189,551,1490,1516]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref6494" refString="Grootaert P. &amp; Shamshev I. 2012. The flies of the family Hybotidae (Diptera, Empidoidea) collected during the Boyekoli Ebale Congo 2010 Expedition in Democratic Republic of Congo. Zootaxa 3603: 1 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3603.1" type="journal article" year="2012">Grootaert &amp; Shamshev (2012)</bibRefCitation>
. Illustrations of the various lobes of the right surstylus of the
<taxonomicName id="4C624D7CFFD5FF851CDA088AB166FA77" ID-CoL="6DJFB" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1830" box="[1279,1398,1491,1516]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Crossopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenescens">
<emphasis id="B916EAEDFFD5FF851CDA088AB166FA77" box="[1279,1398,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">aenescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group can be found in
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B0EFFD5FF8519E308A1B675F988" author="Smith K. G. V." box="[454,613,1528,1555]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref6677" refString="Smith K. G. V. 1967. Afrikanische Empididae (Dipt.). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde A 179: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1967">Smith (1967)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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