291 lines
36 KiB
XML
291 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="27E99848161A6BBE73F587B6DD6BCC35" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3648.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5264362" ID-ZooBank="22089255-436A-4DBB-BD93-1D3C8CF281FE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629854688094" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Calder, Dale R." docDate="2013" docId="039B197EFFD8F543E6F9FCDDFB51131C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03648p072.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3648 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3648.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Velella velella velella (Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFA26106FFDFF544E66EFFC3FF991441" masterDocTitle="Some shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the central east coast of Florida, USA" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1699122038660" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="8E73316BF3A93C410891FC6E88A3EF6F">Some shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the central east coast of Florida, USA</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="53816D29251FE3C0FC7EA0C8807E7DD5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B521BF90AC5311AF9AEA55782B9C8218">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6403D7085D07FAF615D13B836D13B56E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="26085D18C42B70348B396400EA8155B0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6570F27F36A17EEE82F0F15E20EE4D1D">
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<mods:date id="3AA19B9D63B570D8056CA8780EDFE73A">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E83C06C0FADBA8EFE5FC98D9FB34650A">2013-05-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="81846BF829F2ED3250D2FC5B8DD8F1E5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1C8A8275C6ADD3CCDAD1DE560738B641">3648</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="7D75D346A280A132B48D82D47464225B">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3648.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FC928A3DBAD46F535A3C657DEFD20383">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9FF085437C78816BCEF1C372D43AA36F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3648.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3BCF7CAA4C3D5B3D9BC58D6A8FA24D31" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B923B5DC1F373F9D1A2CFCD71E7FA4CB" type="ZooBank">22089255-436A-4DBB-BD93-1D3C8CF281FE</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039B197EFFD8F543E6F9FCDDFB51131C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5263304" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5263304" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B197EFFD8F543E6F9FCDDFB51131C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B197EFFD8F543E6F9FCDDFB51131C" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C328FBE3FFD8F543E6F9FCDDFD8C1779" box="[151,533,798,824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6F9FCDDFD8C1779" blockId="7.[151,533,798,857]" box="[151,533,798,824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D0C51F04FFD8F543E6F9FCDDFD8C1779" bold="true" box="[151,533,798,824]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E6F9FCDDFD8C1779" ID-CoL="7FL3G" authority="velella (Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="velella (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[151,533,798,824]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="velella">
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<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E6F9FCDDFD8C1779" bold="true" box="[151,533,798,824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E6F9FCDDFEA41779" bold="true" box="[151,317,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Velella velella</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E722FCDDFD941779" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[332,525,798,824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref55868" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 823 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C328FBE3FFD8F543E6F9FC82FF7D1718" box="[151,228,833,857]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6F9FC82FF7D1718" blockId="7.[151,533,798,857]" box="[151,228,833,857]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<figureCitation id="1309B4EDFFD8F543E6F9FC82FF7D1718" box="[151,228,833,857]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1692,1715]" captionTargetBox="[170,1423,203,1634]" captionTargetId="figure-159@8.[151,1436,195,1671]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. a, Pennaria disticha: part of hydrocaulus with annulated pedicel and juvenile hydranth, ROMIZ B1118; scale equals 0.5 mm. b, Cladocoryne floccosa: stem and hydranth, ROMIZ B1114, scale equals 0.5 mm. c, Velella velella: juvenile, left-sailing form, ROMIZ B1113, scale equals 1 mm. d, Zanclea alba: pedicel and hydranth, ROMIZ B3961, scale equals 0.25 mm. e, Solanderia gracilis: tip of branch with three hydranths, ROMIZ B3962, scale equals 0.25 mm. f, Turritopsis fascicularis: pedicel and hydranth with medusa bud, ROMIZ B1106, scale equals 0.25 mm. g, Parawrightia robusta: part of pedicel and hydranth, ROMIZ B1110, scale equals 0.25 mm. h, Bimeria vestita: pedicel and hydranth, ROMIZ B1116, scale equals 0.25 mm. i, Eudendrium carneum: part of hydrocaulus with pedicel and hydranth, ROMIZ B3960, scale equals 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5264366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5264366/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C328FBE3FFD8F543E6F9FC4AFDC6179D" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6F9FC4AFD9717DE" blockId="7.[151,1037,905,989]" box="[151,526,905,927]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB228F46FFD8F543E6F9FC4AFD9717DE" box="[151,526,905,927]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E6F9FC4AFF7E17DE" box="[151,231,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Medusa</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A938E79FFD8F543E683FC4AFD9017DE" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[237,521,905,927]" page="660" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1758">
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<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E683FC4AFD9017DE" ID-CoL="7FL3G" authority="Linnaeus, 1758: 660" authorityName="velella (Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="660" authorityYear="1758" box="[237,521,905,927]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="velella">
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<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E683FC4AFEA817DE" box="[237,305,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">velella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E759FC4AFD9017DE" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[311,521,905,927]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref55868" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 823 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758: 660</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6F9FC6BFB9417FF" blockId="7.[151,1037,905,989]" box="[151,1037,936,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB228F46FFD8F543E6F9FC6BFB9417FF" box="[151,1037,936,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E6F9FC6BFEBE17FF" ID-CoL="7FKRS" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[151,295,936,958]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mutica">
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<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E6F9FC6BFEBE17FF" box="[151,295,936,958]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Velella mutica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.—L.
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<treatmentCitation id="0A938E79FFD8F543E70CFC6BFDBE17FF" author="Agassiz, L." box="[354,551,936,958]" page="366" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1862">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E70CFC6BFDBE17FF" author="Agassiz, L." box="[354,551,936,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref46865" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol. IV. Little, Brown, Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">Agassiz, 1862: 366</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.—A.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A938E79FFD8F543E40AFC6BFCBE17FF" author="Agassiz, A." box="[612,807,936,958]" page="217" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1865">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E40AFC6BFCBE17FF" author="Agassiz, A." box="[612,807,936,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref46673" refString="Agassiz, A. (1865) Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College. No. II. North American Acalephae. Sever & Francis, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 234 pp." type="book" year="1865">Agassiz, 1865: 217</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A938E79FFD8F543E52BFC6BFB9017FF" author="Fewkes, J. W." box="[837,1033,936,958]" page="974" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1886">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E52BFC6BFB9017FF" author="Fewkes, J. W." box="[837,1033,936,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="927 - 980" refId="ref51968" refString="Fewkes, J. W. (1886) Report on the medusae collected by the U. S. F. C. steamer Albatross, in the region of the Gulf Stream, in 1883 - ' 84. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner for 1884, 12, 927 - 980." type="journal article" year="1886">Fewkes, 1886: 974</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6F9FC04FDC6179D" blockId="7.[151,1037,905,989]" box="[151,607,966,989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB228F46FFD8F543E6F9FC04FDC6179D" box="[151,607,966,989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E6F9FC04FEBF179C" ID-CoL="7FL3G" authority="velella" authorityName="velella (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,294,967,989]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="velella">
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<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E6F9FC04FEBF179C" box="[151,294,967,989]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Velella velella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.—
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<treatmentCitation id="0A938E79FFD8F543E72AFC04FE6C179D" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[324,501,966,988]" page="454" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1963">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E72AFC04FE6C179D" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[324,501,966,988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="454 - 466" refId="ref47699" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1963) Observations on pelagic mollusks associated with the siphonophores Velella and Physalia. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 13, 454 - 466." type="journal article" year="1963">Bayer, 1963: 454</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs. 5–7.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C328FBE3FFD8F543E6F9FBCAFE0610CC" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6F9FBCAFD471060" blockId="7.[151,1437,1033,1885]" box="[151,734,1033,1058]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E6F9FBCAFEAC1063" bold="true" box="[151,309,1033,1058]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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||
<typeStatus id="548916CAFFD8F543E6F9FBCAFF4B1060" box="[151,210,1033,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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Mediterranean Sea (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E473FBCAFD4A1060" author="Schuchert, P." box="[541,723,1033,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="337 - 555" refId="ref59636" refString="Schuchert, P. (2010) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Capitata Part 2. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 117, 337 - 555." type="journal article" year="2010">Schuchert 2010</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6A9FBEEFE0610CC" blockId="7.[151,1437,1033,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E6A9FBEEFE3A1007" bold="true" box="[199,419,1069,1094]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Voucher material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B5AA235FFD8F543E7C0FBEEFE0510CC" collectingDate="1991-02-20" collectionCode="ROMIZ" collectorName="D. R. Calder" latitude="26.945833" location="Beach" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-80.07111" municipality="Jupiter Inlet" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="B1113" specimenCount="1">
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<location id="8EEDFEB3FFD8F543E7C0FBEEFE6D1004" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B197EFFD8F543E6F9FCDDFB51131C:8EEDFEB3FFD8F543E7C0FBEEFE6D1004" box="[430,500,1069,1093]" latitude="26.945833" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-80.07111" municipality="Jupiter Inlet" name="Beach" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Beach</location>
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north of
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE93212FFD8F543E407FBEEFD6E1004" box="[617,759,1069,1093]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Jupiter Inlet</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE06CEAFFFD8F543E569FBEEFC0A1004" box="[775,915,1069,1093]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="15" seconds="45" value="26.945833">26°56’45”N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE06CEAFFFD8F543E5CDFBEEFBAB1004" box="[931,1074,1069,1093]" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-80.07111">80°04’16”W</geoCoordinate>
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||
, stranded on shore,
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||
<date id="FF8C8EA8FFD8F543E34DFBEEFA011004" box="[1315,1432,1069,1093]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1991-02-20">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFC87740FFD8F543E34DFBEEFA011004" box="[1315,1432,1069,1093]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1991-02-20">20.ii.1991</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, collected manually, one young colony, left-sailing form,
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<quantity id="4CCA058DFFD8F543E579FB92FCC11028" box="[791,856,1105,1129]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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||
long x
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||
<quantity id="4CCA058DFFD8F543E5DEFB92FC6B1028" box="[944,1010,1105,1129]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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||
wide, without gonophores, coll.
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||
<collectorName id="26C7CDBEFFD8F543E309FB91FF7A10CC" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D.R. Calder</collectorName>
|
||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2330ADFFD8F543E680FBB6FED110CC" box="[238,328,1141,1165]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB940013FFD8F543E721FBB6FE0510CC" box="[335,412,1141,1165]" collectionCode="ROMIZ" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B1113</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C328FBE3FFD8F543E6A9FB5AFB51131C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6A9FB5AFADB10B8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1033,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E6A9FB5AFEA210F0" bold="true" box="[199,315,1177,1201]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Strandings of the pleustonic hydrozoan
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<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E493FB5AFBF810F0" authority="velella (Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="velella (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[765,1121,1177,1201]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="velella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E493FB5AFC0310F0" box="[765,922,1177,1201]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Velella velella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E5C7FB5AFBC010F0" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[937,1113,1177,1201]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref55868" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 823 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on beaches of south
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E325FB5AFA0510F0" box="[1355,1436,1177,1201]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
vary from one year to another (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E79CFB7EFDE31094" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[498,634,1213,1237]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="454 - 466" refId="ref47699" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1963) Observations on pelagic mollusks associated with the siphonophores Velella and Physalia. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 13, 454 - 466." type="journal article" year="1963">Bayer 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Bayer noted that strong easterly winds during winter tend to blow this species and the related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E7F4FB21FC9610B8" authority="porpita (Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="porpita (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[410,783,1249,1273]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Porpita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porpita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E7F4FB21FDD010B8" box="[410,585,1250,1273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Porpita porpita</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E436FB22FC9E10B8" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[600,775,1249,1273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref55868" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 823 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ashore from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E5A3FB22FB8710B8" box="[973,1054,1249,1273]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
Current just off the coast.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6A9FAC6FF711190" blockId="7.[151,1437,1033,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The specimen from the beach at Jupiter Inlet examined here was a left-sailing form, as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E354FAC6FF7D1100" author="Edwards, C." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="283 - 296" refId="ref51480" refString="Edwards, C. (1966) Velella velella (L.): the distribution of its dimorphic forms in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean, with comments on its nature and affinities. In: Barnes, H. (Ed.), Some contemporary studies in marine science, 1966. George Allen & Unwin, London, pp. 283 - 296." type="book chapter" year="1966">Edwards (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Of more than 2500 specimens from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFD8F543E4AEFAE9FCBB1103" box="[704,802,1322,1346]" name="Haiti" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tortugas</collectingCountry>
|
||
studied by A.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E5BEFAEAFBE61100" author="Agassiz, A." box="[976,1151,1321,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref46712" refString="Agassiz, A. (1883) Exploration of the surface fauna of the Gulf Stream under the auspices of the Coast Survey. III. Part I. The Porpitidae and Velellidae. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 8 (2), 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1883">Agassiz (1883)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, all were likewise of the “left-handed” (left-sailing) form, with the sail extending from NW to SE along the longitudinal axis of the float. Distributions of left and right-sailing forms of the species in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea were reviewed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E745FA56FE7A11EC" author="Edwards, C." box="[299,483,1429,1453]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="283 - 296" refId="ref51480" refString="Edwards, C. (1966) Velella velella (L.): the distribution of its dimorphic forms in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean, with comments on its nature and affinities. In: Barnes, H. (Ed.), Some contemporary studies in marine science, 1966. George Allen & Unwin, London, pp. 283 - 296." type="book chapter" year="1966">Edwards (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Sailing characteristics of the species were investigated in a wind tunnel by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E327FA56FF7C1190" author="Francis, L." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="117 - 132" refId="ref52220" refString="Francis, L. (1991) Sailing downwind: aerodynamic performance of the Velella sail. Journal of Experimental Biology, 158, 117 - 132." type="journal article" year="1991">Francis (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6A9FA1EFE611220" blockId="7.[151,1437,1033,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Early on considered siphonophores and later as “chondrophores,” both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E27CFA1DFBE711B4" authorityName="velella (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1042,1150,1501,1525]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="velella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E27CFA1DFBE711B4" box="[1042,1150,1501,1525]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">V. velella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E2D0FA1DFAA911B4" authorityName="porpita (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1214,1328,1502,1525]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Porpita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porpita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E2D0FA1DFAA911B4" box="[1214,1328,1502,1525]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. porpita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are now classified amongst the hydroids, as anthoathecates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E481F9C2FC181258" author="Calder, D. R." box="[751,897,1537,1561]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref49369" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Calder 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E5FFF9C2FC551258" author="Calder, D. R." box="[913,972,1537,1561]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref49914" refString="Calder, D. R. (2010) Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago. Zootaxa, 2590, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E5B5F9C2FB081258" author="Schuchert, P." box="[987,1169,1537,1561]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="337 - 555" refId="ref59636" refString="Schuchert, P. (2010) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Capitata Part 2. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 117, 337 - 555." type="journal article" year="2010">Schuchert 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E2CEF9C2FB7E1258" author="Schuchert, P." box="[1184,1255,1537,1561]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref59671" refString="Schuchert, P. (2012 a) World Hydrozoa database. Available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / hydrozoa (accessed 20 July 2012)" type="url" year="2012">2012a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b). Sometimes reported from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E754F9E6FE12127C" box="[314,395,1573,1597]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E7DCF9E6FC9F127C" authority="Lamarck, 1801" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[434,774,1573,1597]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E7DCF9E6FDC8127C" box="[434,593,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Velella mutica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E437F9E6FC9F127C" author="Lamarck, J. B. P. A. de" box="[601,774,1573,1597]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref55041" refString="Lamarck, J. B. P. A. de (1801) Systeme des animaux sans vertebres, ou tableau general des classes, des ordres et des genres de ces animaux. Paris, 432 pp." type="book" year="1801">Lamarck, 1801</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, that binomen is considered a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E35BF9E5FA02127C" authorityName="velella (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1333,1435,1573,1597]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="velella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E35BF9E5FA02127C" box="[1333,1435,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">V. velella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E6F0F98AFEB41220" author="Calder, D. R." box="[158,301,1609,1633]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref49369" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Calder 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E757F98AFE751220" author="Schuchert, P." box="[313,492,1609,1633]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="337 - 555" refId="ref59636" refString="Schuchert, P. (2010) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Capitata Part 2. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 117, 337 - 555." type="journal article" year="2010">Schuchert 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6A9F9AEFE23128C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1033,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E6A9F9AEFE4D12C7" bold="true" box="[199,468,1645,1670]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Reported distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Atlantic coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E4CFF9AEFD6C12C4" box="[673,757,1645,1669]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
. “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E565F9AEFCD412C4" box="[779,845,1645,1669]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coast</collectingRegion>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E518F9AEFC5012C4" box="[886,969,1645,1669]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
” (L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E268F9AEFB3B12C4" author="Agassiz, L." box="[1030,1186,1645,1669]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref46865" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol. IV. Little, Brown, Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">Agassiz 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E2A0F9AEFAF612C4" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[1230,1391,1645,1669]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E2A0F9AEFAF612C4" box="[1230,1391,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Velella mutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).—
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E6F9F952FF4912E8" box="[151,208,1681,1705]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E6B4F952FEB212E8" box="[218,299,1681,1705]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
(A.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E70DF952FD9912E8" author="Agassiz, A." box="[355,512,1681,1705]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref46673" refString="Agassiz, A. (1865) Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College. No. II. North American Acalephae. Sever & Francis, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 234 pp." type="book" year="1865">Agassiz 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E45EF951FD0212E8" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[560,667,1682,1705]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E45EF951FD0212E8" box="[560,667,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">V. mutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).—
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E4AAF952FD6312E8" box="[708,762,1681,1705]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Gulf" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gulf</collectingRegion>
|
||
Stream; Straits of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F6668AFFD8F543E5B9F952FBB112E8" box="[983,1064,1681,1705]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E254F952FB4C12E8" author="Fewkes, J. W." box="[1082,1237,1681,1705]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="927 - 980" refId="ref51968" refString="Fewkes, J. W. (1886) Report on the medusae collected by the U. S. F. C. steamer Albatross, in the region of the Gulf Stream, in 1883 - ' 84. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner for 1884, 12, 927 - 980." type="journal article" year="1886">Fewkes 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E36BF951FAF612E8" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[1285,1391,1682,1705]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E36BF951FAF612E8" box="[1285,1391,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">V. mutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).— Miami area (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E748F976FE34128C" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[294,429,1717,1741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="454 - 466" refId="ref47699" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1963) Observations on pelagic mollusks associated with the siphonophores Velella and Physalia. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 13, 454 - 466." type="journal article" year="1963">Bayer 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6A9F919FEEA1378" blockId="7.[151,1437,1033,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Western Atlantic. New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFD8F543E7BEF91AFDB412B0" box="[464,557,1753,1777]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
(A.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E40FF91AFD6512B0" author="Agassiz, A." box="[609,764,1753,1777]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref46712" refString="Agassiz, A. (1883) Exploration of the surface fauna of the Gulf Stream under the auspices of the Coast Survey. III. Part I. The Porpitidae and Velellidae. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 8 (2), 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1883">Agassiz 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E546F91AFC5012B0" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[808,969,1753,1777]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E546F91AFC5012B0" box="[808,969,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Velella mutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFD8F543E596F91AFBF112B0" box="[1016,1128,1753,1777]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Oliveira
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E2B2F919FA9712B0" box="[1244,1294,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. submitted), including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F325E8F8FFD8F543E764F93EFEE81354" box="[266,369,1789,1813]" name="Bermuda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E7EFF93EFD8B1354" author="Calder, D. R." box="[385,530,1789,1813]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref49369" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Calder 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the Gulf of Mexico (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E576F93EFB851354" author="Calder, D. R. & Cairns, S. D." box="[792,1052,1789,1813]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref49991" refString="Calder, D. R. & Cairns, S. D. (2009) Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the Gulf of Mexico. In: Felder, D. L. & Camp, D. K. (Eds.), Gulf of Mexico. Origin, waters, and biota. Vol. 1. Biodiversity. Texas A & M University Press, College Station, pp. 381 - 394." type="book" year="2009">Calder & Cairns 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the Caribbean Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E32AF93EFF481378" author="Fewkes, J. W." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="397 - 402" refId="ref51910" refString="Fewkes, J. W. (1885) On a collection of medusae made by the United States Fish Commission Steamer Albatross in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 8, 397 - 402. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250000902740962" type="journal article" year="1885">Fewkes 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C32D3EBFFD8F543E695F8E1FEFA1378" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[251,355,1826,1849]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Porpitidae" genus="Velella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946747AFFD8F543E695F8E1FEFA1378" box="[251,355,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">V. mutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8DA868FFD8F543E6A9F886FB51131C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1033,1885]" box="[199,1224,1861,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Elsewhere. Circumglobal in tropical and temperate waters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E50EF886FC76131C" author="Calder, D. R." box="[864,1007,1861,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref49914" refString="Calder, D. R. (2010) Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago. Zootaxa, 2590, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="2010">Calder 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3D599FFD8F543E595F886FB25131C" author="Schuchert, P." box="[1019,1212,1861,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref59702" refString="Schuchert, P. (2012 b) North-west European athecate hydroids and their medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, new series, 59, 364 pp." type="book" year="2012">Schuchert 2012b</bibRefCitation>
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).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |