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<document id="4B973E56621F1F5732EA7D8DDAF03DD3" ID-DOI="10.2478/if-2018-0001" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4586465" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614969889443" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cleal, Christopher J. &amp; Thomas, Barry A." docDate="2018" docId="03861853FFBFFFECD98DFA10FB81FE8D" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.74.1-2.9-28.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 74 (1 - 2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Culmites BRONGNIART" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFBF602BFFBCFFE8DA70F96EFFD5FF9F" masterDocTitle="Nomenclatural Status Of The Palaeobotanical “ Artificial Taxa ” Established In BrongniartS 1822 “ Classification ” Paper" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="9" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698881448928" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="FE361540DE91DE8E3829563A5CB2CE8A">Nomenclatural Status Of The Palaeobotanical “ Artificial Taxa ” Established In BrongniartS 1822 “ Classification ” Paper</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="90ACC2DE025A8D45B47A6EA3F6BCCC6E">Cleal, Christopher J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="866E555A729AC93ABC17ECC0C3F63A8F">Department of Biodiversity and Systematic Biology, National Museum Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF 10 3 NP, United Kingdom; e-mail: chris. cleal @ museumwales. ac. uk.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="416A735045F219667F3E5DD5989F33CE">Thomas, Barry A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DD4D163EE80E537662538A3048AB5B6F">Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY 201 NL, United Kingdom; e-mail: bat @ aber. ac. uk.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9BCBF90B4E54247214652E0C3258F05B">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="99F5063A0A9FED0BEC5DA1DFC3A8DEE4">2018</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C335FACEFFBFFFEBD98DFA10FB3FFC0B" box="[1021,1258,894,918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFBFFFEBD98DFA10FB3FFC0B" blockId="3.[1021,1258,894,918]" box="[1021,1258,894,918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D0D81E29FFBFFFEBD98DFA10FB3FFC0B" box="[1021,1258,894,918]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD98DFA10FB3FFC0B" authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[1021,1258,894,918]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD98DFA10FB3FFC0B" bold="true" box="[1021,1258,894,918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD98DFA10FB8AFC09" bold="true" box="[1021,1119,894,918]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDE15FA10FB3FFC0B" bold="true" box="[1125,1258,894,918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">BRONGNIART</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B90A945FFBFFFEBDE46FAF0FB67FC29" blockId="3.[1078,1202,926,950]" box="[1078,1202,926,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
<figureCitation id="1314B5C0FFBFFFEBDE46FAF0FB67FC29" box="[1078,1202,926,950]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="3.[125,206,1872,1893]" captionText="Text-fig. 1. Illustrations from Brongniart (1822a, b) of specimens that remain legitimate taxonomic types of fossil-species. All same scale as in original plate unless otherwise stated. a) Endongenites echinatus BRONGNIART, Eocene lignite, Vailly, near Soissons, France, × 0.5. b) Culmites nodosus BRONGNIART, Eocene Series, Montrouge near Paris, × 0.5. c) Sigillaria scutellata BRONGNIART, MNHN.F.1072.1, unknown locality. d) Clathraria brardii BRONGNIART (≡ Sigillaria brardii (BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART), Pennsylvanian Subsystem. e) Sagenaria coelata BRONGNIART (≡ Lepidodendron coelatum (BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART; = Lepidodendron aculeatum STERNBERG), Pennsylvanian Subsystem. f, j) Filicites (Sphenopteris) elegans BRONGNIART (≡ Sphenopteris elegans (BRONGNIART) STERNBERG), Wadenburg Formation (Serpukhovian Stage), Upper Silesia. gi) Filicites (Pecopteris) penniformis BRONGNIART (≡ Pecopteris penniformis (BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART), Pennsylvanian Subsystem." pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Text-fig. 1b</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFBFFFEBD944FAA3FB49FC7D" blockId="3.[820,1180,973,994]" box="[820,1180,973,994]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
1822a
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD9F0FAA3FB98FC7F" authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[896,1101,973,994]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD9F0FAA3FC00FC7D" box="[896,981,973,994]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites</emphasis>
BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
, p. 209.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFBFFFEBD92AFA95FACFFBEB" blockId="3.[820,1459,1018,1140]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
Ty p e.
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD9C6FA94FA7BFB8D" authority="BRONGNIART, 1822 a, p. 215" authorityName="BRONGNIART, Eocene" authorityPageNumber="215" authorityYear="1822" box="[950,1454,1018,1043]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nodosus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD9C6FA94FBA2FB8D" box="[950,1143,1018,1042]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites nodosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBDEF2FA95FA83FB8C" author="Brongniart, A." box="[1154,1366,1019,1043]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">BRONGNIART, 1822a</bibRefCitation>
, p. 215
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 1, fig. 1 (see comments by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBDEF6FD75FAB0FBAC" author="La Motte, R. S." box="[1158,1381,1051,1075]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 381" refId="ref18843" refString="La Motte, R. S. (1950): Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. - Memoirs of the Geological Society of America, 51: 1 - 381." type="journal article" year="1950">La Motte 1950: 138</bibRefCitation>
); Loc.: Eocene Series, Montrouge near Paris,
<collectingCountry id="F338E9D5FFBFFFEBDF70FD52FA99FBCC" box="[1280,1356,1084,1107]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">France</collectingCountry>
. Figured without name by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBD99EFD35FBAAFBEB" author="Cuvier, G." box="[1006,1151,1115,1140]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refId="ref17084" refString="Cuvier, G. (1811): Essai sur la geographie mineralogique des environs de Paris: avec une carte geognostique, et des coupes de terrain. - Baudouin, Paris, 278 pp." type="book" year="1811">Cuvier (1811</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 2, fig. 1F).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFBFFFEBD92AFDE5FBA1FB5C" blockId="3.[820,1459,1163,1219]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">D i a g n o s i s. “Tiges articulées lisses, impression unique à chaque articulation.”</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFBFFFEBD92AFDB5FC7CFA6A" blockId="3.[820,1460,1242,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
D i s c u s s i o n.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBDE6BFDB4FB26FB6C" author="Brongniart, A." box="[1051,1267,1242,1267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
referred to just one species in the protologue,
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDEE8FD95FA8EFA8C" authorityName="BRONGNIART, Eocene" authorityYear="1822" box="[1176,1371,1275,1299]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nodosus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDEE8FD95FA8EFA8C" box="[1176,1371,1275,1299]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites nodosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the later published part of the paper (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBDEB3FC75FA59FAAC" author="Brongniart, A." box="[1219,1420,1307,1331]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refId="ref15205" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 b): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. - A. Belin, Paris, 91 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1822">Brongniart 1822b</bibRefCitation>
, c) he established two further species:
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDEACFC55FB92FAEC" authority="BRONGNIART, 1822 b, p. 45" authorityName="BRONGNIART" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1822" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ambiguus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDEACFC55FA66FACC" box="[1244,1459,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites ambiguus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBD944FC32FBD3FAEB" author="Brongniart, A." box="[820,1030,1372,1396]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refId="ref15205" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 b): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. - A. Belin, Paris, 91 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1822">BRONGNIART, 1822b</bibRefCitation>
, p. 45
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="549417E7FFBFFFEBDE26FC32FB45FAEB" box="[1110,1168,1372,1396]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBDEEBFC32FAF7FAEB" author="Cuvier, G." box="[1179,1314,1372,1396]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refId="ref17084" refString="Cuvier, G. (1811): Essai sur la geographie mineralogique des environs de Paris: avec une carte geognostique, et des coupes de terrain. - Baudouin, Paris, 278 pp." type="book" year="1811">Cuvier 1811</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 2, fig. 6); and
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD916FC12FAB6FA0B" authority="BRONGNIART, 1822 b, p. 45" authorityName="BRONGNIART" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1822" box="[870,1379,1404,1428]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD916FC12FBEDFA0B" box="[870,1080,1404,1428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites anomalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBDE33FC12FACCFA0B" author="Brongniart, A." box="[1091,1305,1404,1428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refId="ref15205" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 b): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. - A. Belin, Paris, 91 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1822">BRONGNIART, 1822b</bibRefCitation>
, p. 45
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="549417E7FFBFFFEBDF05FC12FA7AFA0B" box="[1397,1455,1404,1428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
: Alexander
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBD9C3FCF2FBBAFA2B" author="Brongniart &amp; Alexander" box="[947,1135,1436,1460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" pagination="357 - 405" refId="ref16330" refString="Brongniart, Alexander (1810): Sur des terrains qui paroissent avoir ete formes sous l'eau douce. - Annales du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 15: 357 - 405." type="journal article" year="1810">Brongniart 1810</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 23, fig. 15). However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBD944FCD2FBFFFA4B" author="Brongniart, A." box="[820,1066,1468,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refId="ref15205" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 b): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. - A. Belin, Paris, 91 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1822">Brongniart (1822b: 45)</bibRefCitation>
unequivocally stated that
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDF4DFCD3FA67FA4B" authorityName="BRONGNIART, Eocene" authorityYear="1822" box="[1341,1458,1468,1492]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nodosus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDF4DFCD3FA67FA4B" box="[1341,1458,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">C. nodosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the
<typeStatus id="549417E7FFBFFFEBD904FCB3FC70FA6A" box="[884,933,1501,1525]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFBFFFEBD92AFC93FC70F887" blockId="3.[820,1460,1242,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBD92AFC93FBFCF98A" author="Brongniart, A." box="[858,1065,1533,1557]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
compared the
<typeStatus id="549417E7FFBFFFEBDEB9FC90FB22F989" box="[1225,1271,1534,1558]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDF6DFC93FAA9F98A" box="[1309,1404,1533,1557]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDF6DFC93FAA9F98A" box="[1309,1404,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with stems of various monocots, including grasses, palms and canes.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBD9F3FF50FBCFF9CA" author="Unger, F." box="[899,1050,1597,1622]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refId="ref21201" refString="Unger, F. (1850): Genera et species plantarum fossilium. - W. Braunmuller, Vienna, 627 pp." type="book" year="1850">Unger (1850)</bibRefCitation>
combined
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDEEDFF50FB29F9C9" box="[1181,1276,1598,1622]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDEEDFF50FB29F9C9" box="[1181,1276,1598,1622]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDF35FF50FBD0F9E9" authority="BRONGNIART, 1828 a" authorityName="BRONGNIART" authorityYear="1828" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Caulinites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDF35FF50FA66F9C9" box="[1349,1459,1598,1622]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Caulinites</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBD944FF30FBD0F9E9" author="Brongniart, A." box="[820,1029,1630,1654]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 223" refId="ref15409" refString="Brongniart, A. (1828 a): Prodrome d'une Histoire des vegetaux fossiles. F. G. Levrault, Paris and Strasbourg, 223 pp [also published in Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, 57: 1 - 223]." type="book chapter" year="1828">BRONGNIART, 1828a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, another fossil-genus used for monocot stems and rhizomes, but later (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBDE0FFF10FAD7F909" author="Unger, F." box="[1151,1282,1662,1686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" pagination="73 - 118" refId="ref21225" refString="Unger, F. (1852): Iconographia plantarum fossilium. - Denkschrifte, Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 4: 73 - 118." type="journal article" year="1852">Unger 1852</bibRefCitation>
) separated them again, with no clear explanation given in either case. Until the status of the
<typeStatus id="549417E7FFBFFFEBD991FFD1FBDAF948" box="[993,1039,1727,1751]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDE41FFD1FB45F948" box="[1073,1168,1727,1751]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDE41FFD1FB45F948" box="[1073,1168,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is established, it is difficult to see what role the generic name can have in palaeobotanical taxonomy.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF50F9CDFFBFFFEBDA0DFE3EFC45F7AC" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFBFFFEBDA0DFE3EFC45F7AC" blockId="3.[125,1440,1872,2099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDA0DFE3EFDB8F7AD" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
Text-fig. 1. Illustrations from
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFBFFFEBDBC6FE3EFDA3F8FA" author="Brongniart, A." box="[438,630,1872,1893]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a</bibRefCitation>
, b) of specimens that remain legitimate taxonomic types of fossil-species. All same scale as in original plate unless otherwise stated. a)
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD8CCFE00FC91F81C" bold="true" box="[700,836,1902,1923]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Endongenites</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD939FE00FBAEF81C" authority="BRONGNIART, Eocene" authorityName="BRONGNIART, Eocene" authorityYear="1822" box="[841,1147,1902,1923]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Endogenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echinatus">echinatus BRONGNIART, Eocene</taxonomicName>
lignite, Vailly, near Soissons, France, × 0.5. b)
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDB40FEE5FD6DF83F" authority="BRONGNIART, Eocene" authorityName="BRONGNIART, Eocene" authorityYear="1822" box="[304,696,1931,1952]" class="Polypodiopsida" genus="Culmites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nodosus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDB40FEE5FE34F83F" bold="true" box="[304,481,1931,1952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Culmites nodosus</emphasis>
BRONGNIART, Eocene
</taxonomicName>
Series, Montrouge near Paris, × 0.5. c)
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDE28FEE5FF37F822" authority="BRONGNIART, MNHN. F." authorityName="BRONGNIART, MNHN. F." class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Sigillaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scutellata">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDE28FEE5FACEF83F" bold="true" box="[1112,1307,1931,1952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Sigillaria scutellata</emphasis>
BRONGNIART, MNHN.F.
</taxonomicName>
1072.1, unknown locality. d)
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD87CFEC6FCEAF823" authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[524,831,1960,1981]" class="Anthozoa" family="Melithaeidae" genus="Clathraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brardii">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD87CFEC6FD15F822" bold="true" box="[524,704,1960,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Clathraria brardii</emphasis>
BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
(≡
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD914FEC6FACFF823" authority="(BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" baseAuthorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[868,1306,1960,1981]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Sigillaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brardii">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD914FEC6FBDEF822" bold="true" box="[868,1035,1960,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Sigillaria brardii</emphasis>
(BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
), Pennsylvanian Subsystem. e)
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDB32FEA8FDA6F845" authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="&quot; BRONGNIART" authorityYear="1822" box="[322,627,1990,2011]" class="Lycopodiopsida" family="Lycopodiaceae" genus="Sagenaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lycopodiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coelata">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDB32FEA8FE20F844" bold="true" box="[322,501,1990,2011]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Sagenaria coelata</emphasis>
BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
(≡
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD8E4FEA8FB4DF845" authority="(BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" baseAuthorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[660,1176,1990,2011]" class="Lycopodiopsida" family="Lepidodendraceae" genus="Lepidodendron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lepidodendrales" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coelatum">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD8E4FEA8FC59F844" bold="true" box="[660,908,1990,2011]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Lepidodendron coelatum</emphasis>
(BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
; =
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDECAFEA8FEC0F868" authority="STERNBERG" authorityName="STERNBERG" class="Lycopodiopsida" family="Lepidodendraceae" genus="Lepidodendron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lepidodendrales" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeatum">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDECAFEA8FF71F867" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Lepidodendron aculeatum</emphasis>
STERNBERG
</taxonomicName>
), Pennsylvanian Subsystem. f, j)
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD818FE8DFBCBF868" authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[616,1054,2019,2040]" genus="Filicites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegans" subGenus="Sphenopteris">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD818FE8DFD6DF867" bold="true" box="[616,696,2019,2040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Filicites</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD8B6FE8DFC92F867" bold="true" box="[710,839,2019,2040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Sphenopteris</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD925FE8DFC75F867" bold="true" box="[853,928,2019,2040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">elegans</emphasis>
BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
(≡
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDE30FE8DFF3DF78B" authority="(BRONGNIART) STERNBERG" authorityName="STERNBERG" baseAuthorityName="BRONGNIART" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Lyginopteridaceae" genus="Sphenopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lyginopteridales" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDE30FE8DFAC7F867" bold="true" box="[1088,1298,2019,2040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Sphenopteris elegans</emphasis>
(BRONGNIART) STERNBERG
</taxonomicName>
), Wadenburg Formation (Serpukhovian Stage), Upper Silesia. gi)
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBD9C1F16EFA57F78B" authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[945,1410,2048,2069]" genus="Filicites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="penniformis" subGenus="Pecopteris">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBD9C1F16EFBD4F78A" bold="true" box="[945,1025,2048,2069]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Filicites</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDE61F16EFBADF78A" bold="true" box="[1041,1144,2048,2069]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Pecopteris</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDEF9F16EFAD4F78A" bold="true" box="[1161,1281,2048,2069]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">penniformis</emphasis>
BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
(≡
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFBFFFEBDA0DF170FDB8F7AD" authority="(BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" baseAuthorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[125,621,2078,2099]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Marattiaceae" genus="Pecopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Marattiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="penniformis">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFBFFFEBDA0DF170FEB4F7AC" bold="true" box="[125,353,2078,2099]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Pecopteris penniformis</emphasis>
(BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
), Pennsylvanian Subsystem.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB8FFECDADDFC20FF1DFAE4" blockId="4.[173,200,1358,1403]" box="[173,200,1358,1403]" pageId="4" pageNumber="13">g</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB8FFECDE4CF98BFB81FE8D" blockId="4.[1084,1108,229,274]" box="[1084,1108,229,274]" pageId="4" pageNumber="13">c</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>