treatments-xml/data/D5/C3/B6/D5C3B6585E8E53959F52713914BA739F.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2897146d-1943-494c-97d1-32e3111a2f85" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-197-149" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1ED2797DB44A59658C3E67CE9E968615" ModsDocID="1314-2003-197-149" checkinTime="1653995776624" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Simpson, Michael G., Hasenstab-Lehman, Kristen, Mabry, Makenzie E. &amp; Munoz-Schick, Melica" docDate="2022" docId="D5C3B6585E8E53959F52713914BA739F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 197: 149-164" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 197" docPubDate="2022-05-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833" docTitle="Johnstonella punensis M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="1ED2797DB44A59658C3E67CE9E968615" lastPageNumber="149" masterDocId="1ED2797DB44A59658C3E67CE9E968615" masterDocTitle="Johnstonella punensis (Boraginaceae), a new species endemic to the dry Puna of Chile" masterLastPageNumber="164" masterPageNumber="149" pageNumber="149" updateTime="1653996529378" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Johnstonella punensis (Boraginaceae), a new species endemic to the dry Puna of Chile</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Simpson, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-2132</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">msimpson@sdsu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hasenstab-Lehman, Kristen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Conservation and Research, Santa Barbara Botanic Garden, Santa Barbara, California 93105, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mabry, Makenzie E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6139-9559</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Munoz-Schick, Melica</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Seccion Botanica, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla 787, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-05-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>197</mods:number>
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<mods:start>149</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-197-149</mods:identifier>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<taxonomicName LSID="D5C3B658-5E8E-5395-9F52-713914BA739F" authority="M. G. Simpson &amp; Muñoz-Schick" authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis" status="sp. nov.">
Johnstonella punensis M.G.Simpson &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz-Schick">Munoz-Schick</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="149">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="149" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Paratype of Johnstonella punensis, sp. nov., Teillier 4754 (CONC 150914) [originally identified as Cryptantha hispida] A whole herbarium sheet B close-up of a single plant; note very small corollas and flower bracts C close-up fruit; note dense appressed-strigose along margin and spreading-hispid trichomes along mid-rib D nutlet in (left to right) dorsal, ventral and lateral views; note slightly dimpled surface." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689656" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratype of Johnstonella punensis, sp. nov., Teillier 3686 (SGO 139488) [originally identified as Cryptantha cf. phaceloides] A whole herbarium sheet B close-up of inflorescences; note very small corollas and flower bracts C close-up inflorescence axis and fruits; note dense appressed-strigose and spreading-hispidulous trichomes of axis and note bract subtending lowermost fruit D close-up of fruiting calyx, showing short, appressed hirsute trichomes along marginal surface and ascending to horizontal hispid trichomes along mid-rib, only two nutlets per fruit illustrated E fruit opened, showing gynobase, style and stigma F nutlet, in (left to right) dorsal, ventral and lateral views; note dimpled surface, narrow ventral groove with triangular areole at base and sharp-angled, but not lineate-rimmed margin." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689657" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Johnstonella punensis, sp. nov., C. Munoz 3710 (SGO 119165) [originally identified as Cryptantha] A whole herbarium sheet B close-up of one plant C close-up of inflorescence cymules with fruits; note flower bracts D close-up of two fruiting calyces, showing short, appressed to ascending hirsute trichomes along marginal surface and ascending to horizontal hispid trichomes along thickened mid-rib E nutlet, in dorsal (left), ventral (middle) and lateral (right) views; note dimpled to rugulose surface and narrow ventral groove with triangular areole at base." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689658" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratype of Johnstonella punensis, sp. nov., Pisano &amp; Venturelli 1738 (SGO 139111) A plant from herbarium sheet B nutlet, in dorsal (left), ventral (middle) and lateral (right) views; note rugulose surface, narrow ventral groove with triangular areole at base and sharp-angled margin." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689659" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Paratypes of Johnstonella punensis, sp. nov. A-C Pisano &amp; Venturelli 1961 (SGO 138942) A plant from herbarium sheet B nutlet in dorsal view, showing strongly dimpled surface C fruit showing four homomorphic nutlets and elongate style D-E Zalensky XVII- 972 (SGO 078510) D plant from herbarium sheet E four nutlets of single fruit, dorsal view; note dimpled surface and slight heteromorphism, larger, more adherent nutlet at upper left." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689660" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">, 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A distribution map of six known type collections of Johnstonella punensis in South America, endemic to north-eastern Chile B distributions of J. punensis and of the other three species of South American Johnstonella, the latter derived from GBIF. org (2022 a, b, c) data; pertinent biogeographic regions of Luebert (2021) are overlain; note restriction of J. punensis to the western dry Puna Region C close-up of distribution of J. punensis, showing localities of six known collections (* = holotype locality); note boundary between Atacama Desert and dry Puna; all maps from Google 2021, INEGI Data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689661" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">, 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A Cladograms of Johnstonella clade from Simpson et al. 2017 a, showing relationships of Teillier 4754 (CONC 150914) specimen of J. punensis (indicated with *) from analyses using sequence data of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), nuclear ribosomal DNA (nr DNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA); note that J. punensis and J. diplotricha are sister taxa in the cpDNA and mtDNA analyses, but that J. punensis forms a polytomy with J. parviflora and J. angelica in the nrDNA analysis B-J comparison of nutlet morphology of Johnstonella species occurring in South America, all shown at the same scale of magnification B-G Johnstonella punensis, nutlets dimpled to rugulose, specimen source cited B C. Munoz 3710 (SGO 119165) C Pisano &amp; Venturelli 1961 (SGO 138942) D Zalensky XVII- 972 (SGO 078510) E Teillier 4754 (CONC 150914) F Teillier 3686 (SGO 139488) G Pisano &amp; Venturelli 1738 (SGO 139111); H Johnstonella diplotricha, nutlets white-tuberculate, generally homomorphic, Haene 1779 (SI 47823) I Johnstonella parviflora, nutlets white-tuberculate, heteromorphic with one larger (left in dorsal view) and three smaller (one of three at right, ventral view), M. Munoz 2715 (MO 4317600) J Johnstonella albida, nutlets coarsely tuberculate, attachment scar deep, appearing excavated, Kiesling 3589 (SI 87780)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689662" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">, 7 (Note: all cited herbarium specimens indicate herbarium accession numbers)</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="149" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Chile" location="Antofagasta" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antofagasta" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Chile">Chile</collectingCountry>
. Prov. de 
<collectingRegion country="Chile" name="Antofagasta">Antofagasta</collectingRegion>
, Entre Calama y
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1944-01-03" collectorName="de Atacama, C. Munoz" country="San Pedro" elevation="2800" latitude="-22.687834" location="Expedicion" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="-68.474335" municipality="Anual" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">San Pedro</collectingCountry>
<collectorName>de Atacama</collectorName>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Anual</collectingMunicipality>
, abundante, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Expedición">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D5C3B6585E8E53959F52713914BA739F:5A24CCBE0EEC38F6E3B78B41B7729964" country="San Pedro" latitude="-22.687834" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="-68.474335" municipality="Anual" name="Expedicion">Expedicion</location>
</normalizedToken>
al Desierto. 
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="41.27" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-22.687834">22°41.27'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="28.46" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-68.474335">68°28.46'W</geoCoordinate>
[estimated from label locality data], 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="m" value="2800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elevation. 
<collectingDate value="1944-01-03">3 January 1944</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<collectorName>
C. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
3710
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: SGO
</emphasis>
119165!)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689657" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, sp. nov., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Teillier 3686</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">SGO</emphasis>
139488) [originally identified as 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cryptantha" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cryptantha phaceloides" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phaceloides">Cryptantha cf. phaceloides</taxonomicName>
] 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">A</emphasis>
whole herbarium sheet 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">B</emphasis>
close-up of inflorescences; note very small corollas and flower bracts 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">C</emphasis>
close-up inflorescence axis and fruits; note dense appressed-strigose and spreading-hispidulous trichomes of axis and note bract subtending lowermost fruit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">D</emphasis>
close-up of fruiting calyx, showing short, appressed hirsute trichomes along marginal surface and ascending to horizontal hispid trichomes along mid-rib, only two nutlets per fruit illustrated 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">E</emphasis>
fruit opened, showing gynobase, style and stigma 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">F</emphasis>
nutlet, in (left to right) dorsal, ventral and lateral views; note dimpled surface, narrow ventral groove with triangular areole at base and sharp-angled, but not lineate-rimmed margin.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="149" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName genus="J." lsidName="J. diplotricha" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" rank="species" species="diplotricha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">J. diplotricha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName genus="J." lsidName="J. parviflora" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" rank="species" species="parviflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">J. parviflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having nutlets that are marginally sharp-angled, but differs in having nutlets lacking a lineate-rimmed margin and in having a surface that is dimpled to rugulose, lacking tubercles.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689658" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, sp. nov., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
C. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
3710
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">SGO</emphasis>
119165) [originally identified as 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cryptantha" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cryptantha" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Cryptantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">A</emphasis>
whole herbarium sheet 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">B</emphasis>
close-up of one plant 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">C</emphasis>
close-up of inflorescence cymules with fruits; note flower bracts 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">D</emphasis>
close-up of two fruiting calyces, showing short, appressed to ascending hirsute trichomes along marginal surface and ascending to horizontal hispid trichomes along thickened mid-rib 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">E</emphasis>
nutlet, in dorsal (left), ventral (middle) and lateral (right) views; note dimpled to rugulose surface and narrow ventral groove with triangular areole at base.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="149" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
Plants annual herbs, base of plant sometimes woody at maturity, 10-15 cm tall. Root a taproot, not reddish. Stems with primary axis giving rise to secondary branches from base and mid-region, densely appressed-strigose only or appressed-strigulose and spreading to inclined-hispidulous, the trichomes whitish to greyish, 0.5-1.1 mm long. Leaves alternate, sessile, conduplicate, often recurved, grey-green, 8-13 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-2 mm, smaller above and at extreme base, linear to narrowly oblanceolate, entire, apex obtuse to rounded, both surfaces short-hirsute, trichomes ascending, basally white-pustulate on adaxial surface. Inflorescence of ca. 10-20 cymules, terminating upper lateral branches, straight at maturity, cymules 3-7 cm long in fruit, with ca. 10-20 flowers, peduncles 1-2 cm long, fruits erect to ascending, lowest fruits not touching, inflorescence bracts at cymule base and along peduncles, bracts similar to, slightly smaller than vegetative leaves. Flowers mostly, but not all, bracteate, bracts linear to narrowly elliptic, ascending, slightly conduplicate, straight to incurved, 3-10 mm long, decreasing in size towards apex. Pedicels ca. 0.5 mm long. Calyx ovoid, symmetric, ca. 2 mm long in flower, 2.5-3 mm long in fruit, deciduous at maturity, aposepalous, sepals lanceolate, apically narrowly acute, ascending to erect, straight to slightly recurved apically, mid-rib abaxially slightly thickened, margins appressed-hirsute, mid-rib inclined to spreading-hispid. Corolla white, rotate to funnelform, tube as long as calyx, limb ca. 1 mm broad. Gynobase 1.1-1.4 mm long, ca. as long as nutlet. Style ca. 0.5 mm long, extending 0.3-0.5 mm beyond nutlet apices. Nutlets 4, brown, erect, 1.1-1.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.7-0.9 mm, homomorphic or slightly heteromorphic in size only with the abaxial nutlet slightly larger and more adherent to the gynobase, all nutlets brown, generally ovate (length:width ratio ca. 1.3-1.8), very rarely lance-ovate, base rounded, margins sharp-angled but lacking a prominent lineate rim, apex acute, rounded at extreme tip, abaxially convex, adaxially concave-incurved, lacking papillae or tubercles, surface nearly smooth to dimpled or rugulose, spinal ridge absent, attachment scar ventral groove margins abutted or with one side slightly overlapping in upper two-thirds, with an open triangular areole in the lower third, margins laterally bifid at base.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689659" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Paratype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, sp. nov., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Pisano &amp; Venturelli 1738</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">SGO</emphasis>
139111) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">A</emphasis>
plant from herbarium sheet 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">B</emphasis>
nutlet, in dorsal (left), ventral (middle) and lateral (right) views; note rugulose surface, narrow ventral groove with triangular areole at base and sharp-angled margin.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="149" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to Chile, ranging in elevation from ca. 2800 to 3420 m. It occurs in the south-western dry 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Puna" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Puna" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Puna</taxonomicName>
region near the eastern margin of the Atacama Desert (biogeographic region after 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG51267" author="Luebert, F" journalOrPublisher="Frontiers of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" pagination="1 - 14" refId="B15" refString="Luebert, F, 2021. The two South American dry diagonals. Frontiers of Biogeography 13 (4): 1 - 14, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG51267" title="The two South American dry diagonals." url="https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG51267" volume="13" year="2021">Luebert 2021</bibRefCitation>
; see Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A distribution map of six known type collections of Johnstonella punensis in South America, endemic to north-eastern Chile B distributions of J. punensis and of the other three species of South American Johnstonella, the latter derived from GBIF. org (2022 a, b, c) data; pertinent biogeographic regions of Luebert (2021) are overlain; note restriction of J. punensis to the western dry Puna Region C close-up of distribution of J. punensis, showing localities of six known collections (* = holotype locality); note boundary between Atacama Desert and dry Puna; all maps from Google 2021, INEGI Data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689661" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689660" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Paratypes of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, sp. nov. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">A-C</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Pisano &amp; Venturelli 1961</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">SGO</emphasis>
138942) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">A</emphasis>
plant from herbarium sheet 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">B</emphasis>
nutlet in dorsal view, showing strongly dimpled surface 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">C</emphasis>
fruit showing four homomorphic nutlets and elongate style 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">D-E</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Zalensky XVII-972</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">SGO</emphasis>
078510) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">D</emphasis>
plant from herbarium sheet 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">E</emphasis>
four nutlets of single fruit, dorsal view; note dimpled surface and slight heteromorphism, larger, more adherent nutlet at upper left.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="149" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
Based on data from available specimens, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported to flower in January or June, the flowering time presumed to be dependent on precipitation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="149" type="rarity and conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Rarity and conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from only six collections to date. Known populations range from near La Taira (just south of Reserva Nacional Alto Loa) south to near Cuadrilla 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Díaz">Diaz</normalizedToken>
(just southwest of Parque Nacional Llullaillaco). Based on the paucity of specimens currently known, the species is likely to be deemed Data Deficient, according to guidelines of the 
<bibRefCitation author="Hinton, GS" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B12" refString="2022. . https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2022">IUCN (2022)</bibRefCitation>
. However, we suspect that this species may qualify as a species of elevated conservation concern (
<bibRefCitation author="Hinton, GS" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B12" refString="2022. . https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
), because of its relatively narrow geographic range and limited known population sizes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="149" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
The specific epithet 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">punensis</emphasis>
means &quot;of the 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Puna" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Puna" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Puna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; (the word 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">puna</emphasis>
derived from Spanish via Quechua, the language of the aboriginal people of that region; Merriam-Webster.com 2022). The epithet highlights the restriction of this new species to the dry 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Puna" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Puna" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Puna</taxonomicName>
biogeographic region (after 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG51267" author="Luebert, F" journalOrPublisher="Frontiers of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" pagination="1 - 14" refId="B15" refString="Luebert, F, 2021. The two South American dry diagonals. Frontiers of Biogeography 13 (4): 1 - 14, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG51267" title="The two South American dry diagonals." url="https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG51267" volume="13" year="2021">Luebert 2021</bibRefCitation>
; Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A distribution map of six known type collections of Johnstonella punensis in South America, endemic to north-eastern Chile B distributions of J. punensis and of the other three species of South American Johnstonella, the latter derived from GBIF. org (2022 a, b, c) data; pertinent biogeographic regions of Luebert (2021) are overlain; note restriction of J. punensis to the western dry Puna Region C close-up of distribution of J. punensis, showing localities of six known collections (* = holotype locality); note boundary between Atacama Desert and dry Puna; all maps from Google 2021, INEGI Data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689661" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.84833.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689661" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">A</emphasis>
distribution map of six known type collections of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. G. Simpson &amp; Munoz-Schick" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella punensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in South America, endemic to north-eastern Chile 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">B</emphasis>
distributions of 
<taxonomicName genus="J." lsidName="J. punensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">J. punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and of the other three species of South American 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Johnstonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Johnstonella" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Johnstonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the latter derived from GBIF.org (
<bibRefCitation author="Chacon, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" publicationUrl="GBIF.org" refId="B6" refString="2022a. . GBIF.org" url="GBIF.org" year="2022 a">2022a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Chacon, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" publicationUrl="GBIF.org" refId="B7" refString="2022b. . GBIF.org" url="GBIF.org" year="2022 b">b</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Chacon, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" publicationUrl="GBIF.org" refId="B8" refString="2022c. . GBIF.org" url="GBIF.org" year="2022 c">c</bibRefCitation>
) data; pertinent biogeographic regions of 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG51267" author="Luebert, F" journalOrPublisher="Frontiers of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" pagination="1 - 14" refId="B15" refString="Luebert, F, 2021. The two South American dry diagonals. Frontiers of Biogeography 13 (4): 1 - 14, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG51267" title="The two South American dry diagonals." url="https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG51267" volume="13" year="2021">Luebert (2021)</bibRefCitation>
are overlain; note restriction of 
<taxonomicName genus="J." lsidName="J. punensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">J. punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the western dry 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Puna" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Puna" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Puna</taxonomicName>
Region 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">C</emphasis>
close-up of distribution of 
<taxonomicName genus="J." lsidName="J. punensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" rank="species" species="punensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">J. punensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, showing localities of six known collections (* = holotype locality); note boundary between Atacama Desert and dry 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Puna" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Puna" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Puna</taxonomicName>
; all maps from Google 2021, INEGI Data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="149" type="paratypes (arranged chronologically)">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">Paratypes (arranged chronologically).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="149">
Chile. Prov. de Antofagasta, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ascotán">Ascotan</normalizedToken>
, suelos arenosos, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="graníticos">graniticos</normalizedToken>
o 
<normalizedToken originalValue="volcánicos">volcanicos</normalizedToken>
, crece bajo las rocas en lugares protegidos del viento, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="32.87" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-21.547832">21°32.87'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="19.61" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-68.326836">68°19.61'W</geoCoordinate>
[estimated from label locality data], 3970-4200 m elevation, 23-24 January 1943, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">E. Pisano &amp; J. Venturelli 1738</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">SGO</emphasis>
139111!). Prov. de Antofagasta, Socaire, suelo arenoso, en lugares secos entre las piedras, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="35.42" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-23.590334">23°35.42'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="53.49" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-67.8915">67°53.49'W</geoCoordinate>
[estimated from label locality data], 3000 m elevation, 22 February 1943, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">E. Pisano &amp; J. Venturelli 1961</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">SGO</emphasis>
138942!). Prov. de Antofagasta, Depto. El Loa, Valle 
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
Vilama en las pendientes pedregosas en el desierto, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="55.21" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-22.920166">22°55.21'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="11.43" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-68.1905">68°11.43'W</geoCoordinate>
[estimated from label locality data], 2400 m elevation [estimated from label locality data], 9 June 1968, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">O. Zalensky XVII-972</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">SGO</emphasis>
078510!). 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Región">Region</normalizedToken>
de Antofagasta (II), Conchi: Planta mina El Abra, Hierba perenne, flores blancas. 
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="51.82" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-21.863667">21°51.82'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="43.11" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-68.7185">68°43.11'W</geoCoordinate>
[estimated from label locality data], 3100 m elevation, 8 June 1995, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">S. Teillier 3686</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">SGO</emphasis>
139488!). 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Región">Region</normalizedToken>
de Antofagasta (II), Camino 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Calama-Ascotán">Calama-Ascotan</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Poruña">Poruna</normalizedToken>
, Hierba anual, flores blancas, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-21.883333">21°53'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-68.5">68°30'W</geoCoordinate>
, 3420 m elevation, 17 June 2000, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">S. Teillier 4754</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="149">CONC</emphasis>
150914!) [Note: DNA was extracted from leaf material of this specimen for the studies of 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/666.8" author="Simpson, MG" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" pagination="1406 - 1420" refId="B22" refString="Simpson, MG, Guilliams, CM, Hasenstab-Lehman, KE, Mabry, ME, Ripma, L, 2017a. Phylogeny of the popcorn flowers: Use of genome skimming to evaluate monophyly and interrelationships in subtribe Amsinckiinae (Boraginaceae). Taxon 66 (6): 1406 - 1420, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/666.8" title="Phylogeny of the popcorn flowers: Use of genome skimming to evaluate monophyly and interrelationships in subtribe Amsinckiinae (Boraginaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/666.8" volume="66" year="2017 a">Simpson et al. (2017a)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364418X696978" author="Mabry, ME" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="149" pagination="53 - 76" refId="B17" refString="Mabry, ME, Simpson, MG, 2018. Evaluating the monophyly and biogeography of Cryptantha (Boraginaceae). Systematic Botany 43 (1): 53 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364418X696978" title="Evaluating the monophyly and biogeography of Cryptantha (Boraginaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364418X696978" volume="43" year="2018">Mabry and Simpson (2018)</bibRefCitation>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>