255 lines
41 KiB
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255 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="9592" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.992.55977" ID-GBIF-Dataset="400f6c73-92df-49ca-b27b-bbed9d9eacab" ID-PMC="PMC7677295" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-992-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6F09FA35C1585CCF8F9B519ADD7C0BFA" ID-PubMed="33223905" ID-ZooBank="0F038B5B120E45838E854092C9798566" ModsDocID="1313-2970-992-1" checkinTime="1605278943020" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Parapar, Julio, Capa, Maria, Nygren, Arne & Moreira, Juan" docDate="2020" docId="29269F26E6845C28AE30502E279F526E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 992: 1-58" docOrigin="ZooKeys 992" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.992.55977" docTitle="Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason 2011" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="6F09FA35C1585CCF8F9B519ADD7C0BFA" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="6F09FA35C1585CCF8F9B519ADD7C0BFA" masterDocTitle="To name but a few: descriptions of five new species of Terebellides (Annelida, Trichobranchidae) from the North East Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732741858477" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FF2C137C5FAE9EB3C59106F1E62FA1C3">To name but a few: descriptions of five new species of Terebellides (Annelida, Trichobranchidae) from the North East Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C77DB9EC7A06F0A5A7F5320227ACE8BD">Parapar, Julio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2C272549E0BFF923820C6C10163CADD2">Departamento de Bioloxia, Universidade da Coruna, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A8D74381250EA65CB6E31A2B6C31A482" type="email">jparapar@udc.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="94F939E3442B2509D27ACEB48F6F22F0">Capa, Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B401363FCEF6487040F9BB59B56D8AAD">Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="510196B03527556E7D74E4333E169D06">Nygren, Arne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="44851F7557250A1D9017627717078546">Sjoefartmuseet Akvariet, Goeteborg, Sweden and Institutionen foer marina vetenskaper, Goeteborgs Universitet, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2E863C5375F497353D5714B51EBDB0B5">Moreira, Juan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4D27A27C99B3E4E29C4CF31CD1887634">Departamento de Biologia (Zoologia) & Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F6A220C97F6A74D6782A3C0DBF3F783" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1374-2033</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="D7A8FCFED5DD1B03295094E472DC17CF">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5BA6D7037040C66FDB7AA7E6A46A73BD">992</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1709556234A3C7BA697A96AAAA26ACDF" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.992.55977</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="38014547FDE0F2E990CDE7765EC58880" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-992-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="29269F26E6845C28AE30502E279F526E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="169056284" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:29269F26E6845C28AE30502E279F526E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/29269F26E6845C28AE30502E279F526E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Trichobranchidae" scope_phylum="Annelida">
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<subSubSection id="5DFCF44938F5EED00AADC07F23D6131F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="71D1AFA7C264CBA5716350AC0DDEAE32" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4E3782C564432C8CCC8C8F03E91A2EBE" ID-CoL="7C29P" LSID="29269F26-E684-5C28-AE30-502E279F526E" authority="Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011" authorityName="Parapar, Moreira & Helgason" authorityYear="2011" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides bigeniculatus" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="437027096F42CC28EE096CD3D73C0CAF" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree after Maximum Likelihood analyses on a concatenated dataset of cox 1, 16 S rDNA, ITS 2, and 28 S rDNA (as in Nygren et al. 2018). Bootstrap support values above nodes. Coloured squares indicate the major clades referred herein as Groups A-D. Within Group A, the focus of present study, subgroups A 1 - A 4 and species 6 - 13, 18 - 21, 23, 28 are labelled." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474795" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="50996CD3471FC650F23778151088E980" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree after Maximum Likelihood analyses on a dataset of cox 1 (including all sequences in Nygren et al. 2018 and in Lavesque et al. 2019). Bootstrap support values above nodes. Species other than members of Group A are collapsed. Species with names refer to those dealt with in present study." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474796" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1DA411F1DC73801BE75C4FEC4D4FCCF8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. STM photographs of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides bakkeni sp. nov. (species 10; holotype, ZMBN 116395) B Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 (species 11; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116397) C Terebellides kongsrudi sp. nov. (species 13; holotype, GNM 14632) D Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116514) E Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren & Londono-Mesa, 2019 (species 6; non-type specimen, GNM 14628) F Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; holotype, ZMBN 116357) G Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; holotype, ZMBN 416378) H Terebellides scotica sp. nov. (species 9; holotype, ZMBN 116385). Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474797" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6C286CAA9AD4A5BBD1072204CAF44144" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Line drawings of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides bakkeni sp. nov. (species 10; holotype, ZMBN 116395), anterior end, right lateral view B Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 (species 11; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116397), anterior end, right lateral view C Terebellides kongsrudi sp. nov. (species 13; holotype, GNM 14632), anterior end, left lateral view D Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116514), anterior end, left lateral view. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobes; dpn - dorsal projection of notopodium; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474798" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="0E08EA474CF8CC22DF936B11BFF90375" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Geographic distribution of A T. bakkeni sp. nov. B T. stroemii Sars, 1835 C T. kongsrudi sp. nov. D T. bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474802" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="E8B83CF99AFA06732DB66CC16D32FD38" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Bathymetric distribution of Terebellides species studied in this work. Subgroups (A 1 - 3) within group A sensu Nygren et al. (2018) are indicated." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474803" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6C5E550B0E9C316750485D888E38A7B6" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Map of Hordaland area (SW Norway) showing collecting sites of Terebellides species as found in Nygren et al. (2018) near type locality of T. stroemii Sars, 1835. Depth ranges shown in boxes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474804" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 10</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="2F934D390A8B2A768211ECA5242C5124" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimens, ZMBN 116512 and ZMBM 116513), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchiae, ventral view C TC 5 and TC 6 (framed: geniculate chaetae location) D geniculate chaeta (framed in C) E thoracic uncini (framed: uncinus rostrum with curved distal end) F abdominal uncini. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 26</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="04A7E12FFFE349D3DDB9D80D1838B3B2" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. SEM micrographs of abdominal uncini types of Terebellides species. A T. kongsrudi sp. nov. (species 13; ZMBN- 116409) B T. bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; ZMBN- 116513) C T. ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; ZMBN- 116353) D Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 (species 11; ZMBN- 116399). Abbreviations: ctr - capitium teeth row; ros - rostrum." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474822" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 28E</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="6FC12FFF479815E1BECA5E53E121B5CF" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of discriminatin g taxonomic characters of the species studied in this work. Cells with text in italic show discriminatory characters of each subgroup. Species 18, 19, and 23 were not studied and 12 and 21 only examined with SEM." pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 1</figureCitation>
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; Suppl. material 1: Table S1; Suppl. material 2: Table S2
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="688BAF765277662DE5A1C067CBC69128" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F950BF020D0C7344F56BC3A108CD1A63" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="BBD31309EA263612B557A4F373A7DA10" authorityName="Parapar, Moreira & Helgason" authorityYear="2011" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides bigeniculatus" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">Terebellides bigeniculatus</taxonomicName>
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Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011: 6-10, figs 1b, 4-7.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AAB20E18A7FB2AD5358DCA478CE0D6BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Species 20 + 28
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<bibRefCitation id="4A115B1B3D71E59D6F0233E394947764" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" author="Nygren, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Nygren, A, Parapar, J, Pons, J, Meissner, K, Bakken, T, Kongsrud, JA, Oug, E, Gaeva, D, Sikorski, A, Johansen, RA, Hutchings, PA, Lavesque, N, Capa, M, 2018. A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13(6): e0198356. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" title="A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13 (6): e 0198356." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" year="2018">Nygren et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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: 18-22, figs 6, 10.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3803FA8134C3071B2E51F21626A0C3DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="057684FAB79D73D5625B5916BA8A83F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B5A6089CB54D086644FCB4D80F1061D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Off North West Iceland; 333 m deep (
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<bibRefCitation id="B71BACF68A89F7713F5A56D7319282A9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B29" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, Helgason, GV, 2011. Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 2983: 1 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" title="Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" volume="2983" year="2011">Parapar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6BAF89AA282B46981815A64693D1758C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="1FAF4984F68F1788614D57D5A68E6EFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D27707083AF6A83EBF7497F4672E858" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6 specimens: Barents Sea (ZMBN 116511); Norwegian coast and shelf (ZMBN 116417, ZMBN 116510, ZMBN 116512, ZMBN 116513, ZMBN 116514).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EC0A45BB39C57025085A0B8F34191FF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="9C895D88D9C525E7DEC776B165B6DC21" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DAB7BAD69385AB0BDE77558BA2153A19" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="A4904A686C908A44EBAA747CF028DC82" lsidName="T. bigeniculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">
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<emphasis id="C12A12F575814CDAA14D2D647D1B5BE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. bigeniculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="7D980C60215E759956AC8FED094FA195" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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(IIH 24923) and 5
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<emphasis id="899663000AE248D750F1472FA3976986" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">paratypes</emphasis>
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(IINH 24925) (Suppl. material 1: Table S1).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94B9B11C7138FDE760162218F37A8553" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="5A3D6380A7FD6FCBAB32249A1652806B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">GenBank accession numbers of material examined (COI).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A2590EF5D1DDC64CAFB0006D6C859196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">MG025318, MG025319, MG025351, MG025352, MG025353, MG025354, MG025355.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EF0F900B7F0CEAAAAE1129D9E98B325F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="1CDFD3C50EA920208842B1A2A0756BD7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic features of studied material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7475CFCF3C73F7321C047E54CFC3F173" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Complete individuals ranging from 10.0-24.0 mm in length. Branchiae clearly fitting with type 1 only in some specimens, irregular in others; dorsal lobes lamellae not provided with papillary projections. Lateral lappets from TC1-TC5 and well-marked dorsal projection of notopodia in TC3 (Figs
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<figureCitation id="E14D7068B28203725C0EF191E4CF2C80" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. STM photographs of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides bakkeni sp. nov. (species 10; holotype, ZMBN 116395) B Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 (species 11; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116397) C Terebellides kongsrudi sp. nov. (species 13; holotype, GNM 14632) D Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116514) E Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren & Londono-Mesa, 2019 (species 6; non-type specimen, GNM 14628) F Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; holotype, ZMBN 116357) G Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; holotype, ZMBN 416378) H Terebellides scotica sp. nov. (species 9; holotype, ZMBN 116385). Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474797" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CAC5519186BF4D52CA605DA3D8B8F16B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Line drawings of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides bakkeni sp. nov. (species 10; holotype, ZMBN 116395), anterior end, right lateral view B Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 (species 11; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116397), anterior end, right lateral view C Terebellides kongsrudi sp. nov. (species 13; holotype, GNM 14632), anterior end, left lateral view D Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116514), anterior end, left lateral view. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobes; dpn - dorsal projection of notopodium; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474798" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Geniculate chaetae present in TC5 and TC6 (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="89538032022C52EAF6B24AACE2EBC565" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimens, ZMBN 116512 and ZMBM 116513), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchiae, ventral view C TC 5 and TC 6 (framed: geniculate chaetae location) D geniculate chaeta (framed in C) E thoracic uncini (framed: uncinus rostrum with curved distal end) F abdominal uncini. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C</figureCitation>
|
|
), acutely bent and provided with hardly distinguishable capitium (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="35CA8F640E282BBA6BFF4E271FB13000" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimens, ZMBN 116512 and ZMBM 116513), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchiae, ventral view C TC 5 and TC 6 (framed: geniculate chaetae location) D geniculate chaeta (framed in C) E thoracic uncini (framed: uncinus rostrum with curved distal end) F abdominal uncini. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Ciliated papilla dorsal to thoracic notopodia. Thoracic uncini of type 3, with rostrum/capitium length ratio of approximately 2: 1 (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="9CE405012A470CD00888229E735B91E1" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimens, ZMBN 116512 and ZMBM 116513), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchiae, ventral view C TC 5 and TC 6 (framed: geniculate chaetae location) D geniculate chaeta (framed in C) E thoracic uncini (framed: uncinus rostrum with curved distal end) F abdominal uncini. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26E</figureCitation>
|
|
), and capitium with a first row of four medium-sized teeth, followed by several progressively smaller teeth. Abdomen with 20-25 chaetigers provided with type 1 uncini (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="757F802DDB75FBE513DEC0C8A4F95EA5" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimens, ZMBN 116512 and ZMBM 116513), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchiae, ventral view C TC 5 and TC 6 (framed: geniculate chaetae location) D geniculate chaeta (framed in C) E thoracic uncini (framed: uncinus rostrum with curved distal end) F abdominal uncini. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="944C037D1B64F95586C5766665B66584" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. SEM micrographs of abdominal uncini types of Terebellides species. A T. kongsrudi sp. nov. (species 13; ZMBN- 116409) B T. bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; ZMBN- 116513) C T. ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; ZMBN- 116353) D Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 (species 11; ZMBN- 116399). Abbreviations: ctr - capitium teeth row; ros - rostrum." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474822" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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|
<caption id="D3D3F490E54CD34299610ADC15CEE65A" doi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
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|
<paragraph id="BBC87BE26D8F49F5E1005AA6BC3E0965" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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|
<emphasis id="C834E77696B2AD63AC9B4DC210D667CB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 26.</emphasis>
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|
<taxonomicName id="B2BDFD844A407F84D37F659280E284EB" authorityName="Parapar, Moreira & Helgason" authorityYear="2011" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides bigeniculatus" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="09DBC10EA25D27EF0FC416B8EF423FBC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides bigeniculatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimens, ZMBN 116512 and ZMBM 116513), SEM micrographs.
|
|
<emphasis id="F3E254A3D1CEFEE31DFB5EEFFDF4094B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
anterior end, left lateral view
|
|
<emphasis id="4DE9A467F375AE74B7DECFC1750B42CA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
branchiae, ventral view
|
|
<emphasis id="1D9268D4EA6523124679045657255075" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
TC5 and TC6 (framed: geniculate chaetae location)
|
|
<emphasis id="0FBDDA426F2937800794A51DFC468A6E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
geniculate chaeta (framed in
|
|
<emphasis id="A70481619A5B19119CC569653D833FE2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="40B42ED5418CE59238BF7A08CBBDE023" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
|
thoracic uncini (framed: uncinus rostrum with curved distal end)
|
|
<emphasis id="E32558D0D6D2E9350E356CF13F154267" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
|
abdominal uncini. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
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|
<paragraph id="77ED752BDFC19F1417E70EA33E0B7E6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined herein corresponds to a few small and incomplete specimens. Therefore, the list of diagnostic characters given was developed with the aid of the type specimens re-examined and the original description.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="30986DD42ED59028F1A2EA2A5563155E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nucleotide diagnostic features">
|
|
<paragraph id="38DD7C8FA88C0DCDE25263255C36DFF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nucleotide diagnostic features.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8579926283B38E2D676D40CB89C85386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
All sequences of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A599AD00D98215C008477EB19023C082" lsidName="T. bigeniculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="8330EE21A2A422308A4BBC1EB5153546" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. bigeniculatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
share the unique apomorphic nucleotides in positions 67 (G) and 138 (G) of the alignement.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="09181CB2C0B688E6EEB3E5B394D9F19E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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|
<paragraph id="D29B94689A57A174CFB11A77DBCDB2B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and bathymetry.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="3828B6F569B59AF8431360EFDF66A973" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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|
Around Iceland at both sides of the GIF Ridge; 179-968 m deep (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9B3B0377761663A2291969C81B4D7EDA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B29" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, Helgason, GV, 2011. Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 2983: 1 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" title="Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" volume="2983" year="2011">Parapar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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|
). Material examined here also confirms its presence in shallow and deep bottoms of Norway and Barents Sea (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="096A0EF9502916A4C54F8F197BFAB043" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Geographic distribution of A T. bakkeni sp. nov. B T. stroemii Sars, 1835 C T. kongsrudi sp. nov. D T. bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474802" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8D</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="CCB85F1C0E3E33FBA83510AEA34C32B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph id="D8408E0B1AC112806E54EBE4916C6D57" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E35E2318BF7F7196D7FFE4FBC28C2C79" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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|
In some of the species delimitation analyses performed,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="59D1EA6DA67EA116155E6B04846C92B3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" author="Nygren, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Nygren, A, Parapar, J, Pons, J, Meissner, K, Bakken, T, Kongsrud, JA, Oug, E, Gaeva, D, Sikorski, A, Johansen, RA, Hutchings, PA, Lavesque, N, Capa, M, 2018. A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13(6): e0198356. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" title="A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13 (6): e 0198356." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" year="2018">Nygren et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
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were able to distinguish between two closely related lineages, clades 20 and 28, but some analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial datasets lump them together in a single entity. Given that all specimens examined share characteristic features that are distinct from other
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2B085ED716836E06F81609163C1BFD2A" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="E38A9DBB1F5C2F4642963AE700CADC4A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species studied herein, clades 20 and 28 have been considered in the present study as a single species and identified as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="74147387FE4AC3937011BCBEC9178522" lsidName="T. bigeniculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="1492F9A6B3851BF5D500BB8E0C950E93" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. bigeniculatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="483D672B056219EAA208AFA4B972622C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
As stated above, the sequenced specimens are small and not well preserved, hindering the examination of relevant morphological features with taxonomic value (i.e., branchial type). However, this species is characterised by having geniculate chaetae on TC5 and TC6 instead of only on one chaetiger (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1CBA2066E45FF1906377E481F0070663" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B29" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, Helgason, GV, 2011. Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 2983: 1 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" title="Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" volume="2983" year="2011">Parapar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 7) as in congeners listed in the Key of the present study. Furthermore,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3071CDF27A1CE0131B8048E55A0157DB" lsidName="T. bigeniculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="CABAF15ED1825F6134D1FCAD83F11DBB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. bigeniculatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is characterised by the low fusion of the usually irregularly-shaped branchial lobes (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="192852C7572F04CA8B30EB386982B4DE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B29" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, Helgason, GV, 2011. Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 2983: 1 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" title="Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" volume="2983" year="2011">Parapar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 7-8, figs 4, 5a, b), ventral lobes are not obscured by dorsal ones, the lack of marginal papillae in the anterior region of the branchial dorsal lamellae, the presence of ciliated papilla dorsal to thoracic notopodia, and by having thoracic uncini of type 3 and abdominal uncini of type 1. However, it is likely that the irregular shape of the branchiae may correspond to an artefact related to fixation/preservation; other specimens show instead well-defined branchiae that agree with those of A1 and A2 species but less developed (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="0E076BF57E10E026CBD9370616429ED8" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimens, ZMBN 116512 and ZMBM 116513), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchiae, ventral view C TC 5 and TC 6 (framed: geniculate chaetae location) D geniculate chaeta (framed in C) E thoracic uncini (framed: uncinus rostrum with curved distal end) F abdominal uncini. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="FF2E82947ED0BC73AE0379AC11E412AB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B29" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, Helgason, GV, 2011. Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 2983: 1 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" title="Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" volume="2983" year="2011">Parapar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 8, fig. 5a). Regarding the four branchial types as defined by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5572E580E3874EF5EC73437D8D8105C5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-015-0353-5" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="211 - 225" refId="B31" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, O'Reilly, M, 2016c. A new species of Terebellides (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) from Scottish waters with an insight into branchial morphology. Marine Biodiversity 46: 211 - 225, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-015-0353-5" title="A new species of Terebellides (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) from Scottish waters with an insight into branchial morphology." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-015-0353-5" volume="46" year="2016 c">Parapar et al. (2016c)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, branchiae of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EB5F585D6EBAC530662033304FC6164A" lsidName="T. bigeniculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A0B4B6D88074230D5C7BEB21E0DBC1B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. bigeniculatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
might correspond therefore to type 3 but with lobes showing a more variable shape.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="FBFC2F7C28146FF2355F1B8038B8091F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The original description states that nephridial papillae are located on TC3-TC4 or TC4-TC5 (Suppl. material 1: Table S1;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F02BD51C2EB710118579640E4D674182" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B29" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, Helgason, GV, 2011. Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 2983: 1 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" title="Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" volume="2983" year="2011">Parapar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 7-9, figs 5c, 6d). Examination of the holotype and several paratypes confirmed that pores are on TC4 and TC5, as in other Group A species. Nephridial pores, as found in most
|
|
<taxonomicName id="313199E2E2E890088AE39C88B1C936FF" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="1C645C65119BF3C7A00D61809144882E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species, are usually flat and can be easily overlooked when examined with STM and even SEM; those of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F5EBF5FDFB7FA4F94458B899E9F6F611" lsidName="T. bigeniculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="079F4ED952E5576809C5DCDD8E1DCCFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. bigeniculatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are larger and easier to distinguish comparatively with STM (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="99DFBE7AA62AAD2DB63C4D9286DE739A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B29" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, Helgason, GV, 2011. Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 2983: 1 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" title="Taxonomy and distribution of Terebellides (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) in Icelandic waters, with the description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2983.1.1" volume="2983" year="2011">Parapar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 9, fig. 6d).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="16C94DB48A3E184AB6992F1094E09752" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Members of species 21 (see below, as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AC0ECB25E2C39EE145B88DA15505CD13" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="0DE7BF61ACC8529071941200A643E5A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. 2) also bear geniculate chaetae in two chaetigers; this feature had been considered as unique to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D008E46CFFC8C985AED3F7FD32DEFB8B" lsidName="T. bigeniculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="C713DFA68472B4B1F583A91C14C587FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. bigeniculatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
regarding other NEA species. However, species 21 is present in Arctic waters (cf.
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<bibRefCitation id="E4B5322E331AFAE5D2087716480E048F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" author="Nygren, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Nygren, A, Parapar, J, Pons, J, Meissner, K, Bakken, T, Kongsrud, JA, Oug, E, Gaeva, D, Sikorski, A, Johansen, RA, Hutchings, PA, Lavesque, N, Capa, M, 2018. A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13(6): e0198356. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" title="A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13 (6): e 0198356." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" year="2018">Nygren et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 6) while the distribution of members of species 20 + 28 and identified here as
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<taxonomicName id="2DCA459A33F47E4F28B87F9220326E79" lsidName="T. bigeniculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bigeniculatus">
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<emphasis id="3239DE1687D73CC22B0FA939E162F383" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. bigeniculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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agrees with that of the type specimens (see Fig.
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<figureCitation id="45C452EEFF76E8474C4DA3313F0B552F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Geographic distribution of A T. bakkeni sp. nov. B T. stroemii Sars, 1835 C T. kongsrudi sp. nov. D T. bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira & Helgason, 2011." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474802" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |