treatments-xml/data/6B/75/27/6B752745FFC1441AFEF40059FBAEFC43.xml
2024-06-21 12:39:24 +02:00

289 lines
31 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="FB1E9F7A06BFD7ABEF86EB3F35CFBD1C" ID-CLB-Dataset="5403" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00201.x" ID-GBIF-Dataset="80db0bb4-654c-48e9-afb5-fba1fda8672d" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4634692" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616618600008" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Otero, Olga, Likius, Andossa, Vignaud, Patrick &amp; Brunet, Michel" docDate="2006" docId="6B752745FFC1441AFEF40059FBAEFC43" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolJLinnSoc.146.227-237.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 146 (2)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00201.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Polypterus FARAOU 2006, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="228" masterDocId="974C5F3DFFC0441BFFEB0408FF90FFC8" masterDocTitle="A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad" masterLastPageNumber="237" masterPageNumber="227" pageNumber="228" updateTime="1698934792277" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="BCD9E2C6231FDEDFA1B1D731BC2B3BF4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="3E9021F0183844FBC4070BE65F44D6B0">
<mods:title id="F6B0F2C31EAD3B6C2F41D4FD3FEA09BE">A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="489FFF9B3F80F5141397CC4132FDFB28" type="personal">
<mods:role id="573D8F1D4661ED9640BC069E108696FC">
<mods:roleTerm id="0579B7ADFC77968D2957AB5AE8673847">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="989D6C4D731AC326842EFD8783C2EE6E">Otero, Olga</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9707C6FFBF6FEB02C85939BE87ADF2BB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4D6EB2D50900E569453E0C86E2DCAE67">
<mods:roleTerm id="DBE75E4036960E224230D01DED3DC586">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CB47AC5DD606DD8064DE3269C5C8F78F">Likius, Andossa</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F29F323D14BEDD7F98FF5E4607ED4A68" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E3E42B71C02F8DF3D6E84590E775E136">
<mods:roleTerm id="2E0537544E703A2B71EC33851EAB1452">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="82069EE0E0B1FA8D0AB76163E02DDC24">Vignaud, Patrick</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2FD759050A591D0CDD13E16B2AC564D3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7F0801C6E8ECF776E3B0D6A27309ACEE">
<mods:roleTerm id="1E8D7EAAC209B6FF37ED99F593C96597">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="462A1931EE2F189226BE1FA75B72E6CE">Brunet, Michel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2B556E59500515B8AF1FAA1DD9F1EEDD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="1A86B075F95B7A2A81C19981C7BF1005" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="DD505EDBE82D066824CDF1C6FC2523FA">
<mods:title id="14C7C51AF74B3BD291FB02FAEDDED8BA">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D6FA49D737782F2D80557A12A69A6EDA">
<mods:date id="2D8DD374E720C6958E5F027A671D0D5C">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0AC64F1828029838AC828B2176F5A38A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E981B4D9635937657AE833D63FF92D93">2006-02-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="93F2B9F806711DC6C938E225E31354C3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7C24C088E2BA86D409D57EFDE90CD0A7">146</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A88F79F105A983D6558BE8E88F56A276" type="issue">
<mods:number id="764F20204E1547078FDDB88C76084077">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="59BA1F515DD724A1574D0FB421910B64" unit="page">
<mods:start id="556A88CEC7D810F6B05CCD42D7CCF3E9">227</mods:start>
<mods:end id="1707AD1283D372D8C518AA96DD830AB6">237</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="884ECA16C27BF9EBA671F963FE86D1E7">
<mods:url id="2A2AD0D535CEC8ACB7BDF30C97E58A94">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00201.x</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="BEE7E33CC2B9AA48500ACCEB10F165DD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9FC752065A5E3C8E28360F1CCD1174C8" type="CLB-Dataset">5403</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9982905B6AA3EE8E5FEEFDBF259E6EB8" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2006.00201.x</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5281C91AEED574BD3F023EC2E837EA61" type="GBIF-Dataset">80db0bb4-654c-48e9-afb5-fba1fda8672d</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0CD3801DAA84DBAA5BB648A62B5A7170" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0D35EFFC81EFB29679F990CC0829EB5A" type="Zenodo-Dep">4634692</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="6B752745FFC1441AFEF40059FBAEFC43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5113688" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183630598" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5113688" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6B752745FFC1441AFEF40059FBAEFC43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B752745FFC1441AFEF40059FBAEFC43" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">
<subSubSection id="ABC6C5D8FFC1441AFEF40059FD1DFBA1" box="[287,653,1105,1129]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E3639653FFC1441AFEF40059FD1DFBA1" blockId="1.[287,653,1105,1129]" box="[287,653,1105,1129]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">
<heading id="B82B213FFFC1441AFEF40059FD1DFBA1" box="[287,653,1105,1129]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFEF40059FDB1FBAF" ID-CoL="63P4S" ID-ENA="8290" authority="FARAOU" authorityName="FARAOU" authorityYear="2006" box="[287,545,1105,1129]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">POLYPTERUS FARAOU</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFDC2005CFD1DFBA1" bold="true" box="[553,653,1105,1129]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CA9BF73AFFC1441AFDC2005CFD1DFBA1" box="[553,653,1105,1129]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ABC6C5D8FFC1441AFF490072FD1DFB05" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E3639653FFC1441AFF490072FD1DFB05" blockId="1.[162,778,1145,1229]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFF490072FEEEFB47" box="[162,382,1145,1167]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Derivation of name</emphasis>
. In Chadian Arabian,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFD540071FC9AFB46" authorityName="Otero &amp; Likius &amp; Vignaud &amp; Brunet" authorityYear="2006" box="[703,778,1145,1166]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="faraou">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFD540071FC9AFB46" box="[703,778,1145,1166]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">faraou</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
means flattened. The name is given in reference to the dorso-ventrally depressed head of the fish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ABC6C5D8FFC1441AFF4900EDFF7EFAF0" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E3639653FFC1441AFF4900EDFF7EFAF0" blockId="1.[162,778,1253,1336]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFF4900EDFED6FB32" box="[162,326,1253,1274]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Type specimen</emphasis>
.
<collectionCode id="85CD0E96FFC1441AFEBF00EDFEEFFB32" box="[340,383,1253,1274]" country="Germany" name="Teylers Museum, Paleontologische" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">TM</collectionCode>
090-001-039, housed in the Centre National dAppui à la Recherche (
<collectionCode id="85CD0E96FFC1441AFDC2010BFDE6FAD0" box="[553,630,1283,1304]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">CNAR</collectionCode>
, NDjamena,
<collectingCountry id="9BCBD6C3FFC1441AFF49012AFF72FAF0" box="[162,226,1314,1336]" name="Chad" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Chad</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ABC6C5D8FFC1441AFF490159FA32FD2B" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E3639653FFC1441AFF490159FA32FD2B" blockId="1.[162,778,1360,1903]" lastBlockId="1.[826,1443,195,831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFF490159FE82FAAE" box="[162,274,1361,1382]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. A
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFEA40158FE56FAAD" authorityName="FARAOU" authorityYear="2006" box="[335,454,1360,1381]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFEA40158FE56FAAD" box="[335,454,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Polypterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species characterized by: depressed head (as in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFE2E0167FDA2FA4C" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[453,562,1391,1412]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weeksii">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFE2E0167FDA2FA4C" box="[453,562,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. weeksii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFD950167FC9AFA4C" box="[638,778,1391,1412]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endlicheri">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFD950167FC9AFA4C" box="[638,778,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only), head length approximately 20% of body length (less than 20% in other
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFE3001A4FDC2FA09" authorityName="FARAOU" authorityYear="2006" box="[475,594,1452,1473]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFE3001A4FDC2FA09" box="[475,594,1452,1473]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Polypterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species except
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFF4901C3FE89FA28" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1910" box="[162,281,1483,1504]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgii">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFF4901C3FE89FA28" box="[162,281,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. ansorgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFECC01C3FE14FA28" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[295,388,1483,1504]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFECC01C3FE14FA28" box="[295,388,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFE5601C3FDD8FA28" box="[445,584,1483,1504]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endlicheri">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFE5601C3FDD8FA28" box="[445,584,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and head width at the level of the preoperculum reaches 70% of its length (more than in any other
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFDC30200FD0FF9D5" authorityName="FARAOU" authorityYear="2006" box="[552,671,1544,1565]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFDC30200FD0FF9D5" box="[552,671,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Polypterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species); opening of the lateral line on the nasal 3 close to its posterior border (as in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFE25024EFDBBF992" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[462,555,1605,1627]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFE25024EFDBBF992" box="[462,555,1605,1627]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFD9C024EFC93F992" box="[631,771,1605,1627]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endlicheri">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFD9C024EFC93F992" box="[631,771,1605,1627]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas it is central in other species); large and rounded snout, shorter than the interorbital distance (as in most
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFED002A9FE22F97E" authorityName="FARAOU" authorityYear="2006" box="[315,434,1697,1718]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFED002A9FE22F97E" box="[315,434,1697,1718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Polypterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species except
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFD9F02AAFD41F97E" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[628,721,1697,1719]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFD9F02AAFD41F97E" box="[628,721,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFF4902C9FE80F91D" authorityName="Ayres" authorityYear="1850" box="[162,272,1728,1750]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmas">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFF4902C9FE80F91D" box="[162,272,1728,1750]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. palmas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the snout of which is longer than the interorbital distance); superolateral position of the orbit (as in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFED102F6FE21F8DB" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1910" box="[314,433,1790,1811]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgii">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFED102F6FE21F8DB" box="[314,433,1790,1811]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. ansorgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFE2E02F6FDA1F8DA" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[453,561,1789,1811]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weeksii">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFE2E02F6FDA1F8DA" box="[453,561,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. weeksii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFDAD02F6FD41F8DA" box="[582,721,1789,1811]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endlicheri">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFDAD02F6FD41F8DA" box="[582,721,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFF490315FF6FF8F9" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[162,255,1820,1842]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFF490315FF6FF8F9" box="[162,255,1820,1842]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas the orbit is lateral in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFD720315FC93F8F9" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1899" box="[665,771,1820,1842]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="delhezi">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFD720315FC93F8F9" box="[665,771,1820,1842]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. delhezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFF490333FED9F898" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1902" box="[162,329,1851,1872]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatipinnis">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFF490333FED9F898" box="[162,329,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. ornatipinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFE980333FE6BF898" baseAuthorityName="Gosse" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[371,507,1851,1872]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senegalus">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFE980333FE6BF898" box="[371,507,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. senegalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFDCF0333FD2CF898" authorityName="Vaillant" authorityYear="1899" box="[548,700,1851,1872]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retropinnis">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFDCF0333FD2CF898" box="[548,700,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. retropinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFF490352FE80F8A6" authorityName="Ayres" authorityYear="1850" box="[162,272,1881,1903]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmas">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFF490352FE80F8A6" box="[162,272,1881,1903]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. palmas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); orbit length around the half the interorbital space (as in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFBF904CCFB72FF10" authorityName="Poll" authorityYear="1941" box="[1042,1250,195,217]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bichir" subSpecies="katangae">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFBF904CCFB72FF10" box="[1042,1250,195,217]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir katangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and possibly in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFCD104EBFC3AFF3F" authorityName="Britz" authorityYear="2004" box="[826,938,226,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="teugelsi">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFCD104EBFC3AFF3F" box="[826,938,226,248]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. teugelsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas it is more than 60% in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFACF04EBFA0BFF30" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1910" box="[1316,1435,227,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgii">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFACF04EBFA0BFF30" box="[1316,1435,227,248]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. ansorgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and less than 45% in the other species) and orbit smaller than suboperculum width (as in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFAF90528FAFFFEFC" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[1298,1391,287,309]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFAF90528FAFFFEFC" box="[1298,1391,287,309]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFCD10537FC55FE9B" box="[826,965,318,340]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endlicheri">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFCD10537FC55FE9B" box="[826,965,318,340]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only); prognathus lower jaw (as in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFCD10555FC07FEBA" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[826,919,349,370]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFCD10555FC07FEBA" box="[826,919,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFC320555FBF4FEBA" box="[985,1124,349,370]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endlicheri">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFC320555FBF4FEBA" box="[985,1124,349,370]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only); at least 57 prespiracular bones (the number of prespiracular bones is possibly equal to or above seven only in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFAFB0593FAECFE67" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[1296,1404,410,432]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weeksii">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFAFB0593FAECFE67" box="[1296,1404,410,432]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. weeksii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFCD105B1FC78FE06" authority="bichir" box="[826,1000,441,462]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bichir" subSpecies="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFCD105B1FC78FE06" box="[826,1000,441,462]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFBBE05B1FAC0FE06" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[1109,1360,441,462]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="endlicheri" subSpecies="congicus">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFBBE05B1FAC0FE06" box="[1109,1360,441,462]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri congicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); deep body with approximately 23 transversal scales, 5860 scale rows, and 14 predorsal scales (such body shape exists elsewhere only in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFB91061DFB61FDE2" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1910" box="[1146,1265,533,554]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgii">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFB91061DFB61FDE2" box="[1146,1265,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. ansorgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFAE2061DFAF6FDE2" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[1289,1382,533,554]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFAE2061DFAF6FDE2" box="[1289,1382,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFCD1063CFC55FD80" box="[826,965,563,585]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endlicheri">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFCD1063CFC55FD80" box="[826,965,563,585]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 15 finlets with successive pinnules of the finlets overlapping the base of the following one (such dorsal fin mophology elsewhere only in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFCD10698FC21FD6D" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1910" box="[826,945,656,677]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgii">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFCD10698FC21FD6D" box="[826,945,656,677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. ansorgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFC3A0698FBBFFD6C" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[977,1071,655,677]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFC3A0698FBBFFD6C" box="[977,1071,655,677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFB660698FA03FD6D" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" box="[1165,1427,655,677]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="endlicheri" subSpecies="congicus">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFB660698FA03FD6D" box="[1165,1427,655,677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri congicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); grooved lateral line scales with notched posterior margins (as in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFC5D06C5FBBDFD2A" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1910" box="[950,1069,717,738]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgii">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFC5D06C5FBBDFD2A" box="[950,1069,717,738]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. ansorgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFBD106C5FB08FD2A" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[1082,1176,717,738]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFBD106C5FB08FD2A" box="[1082,1176,717,738]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFB3B06C5FACBFD2A" box="[1232,1371,717,738]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endlicheri">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFB3B06C5FACBFD2A" box="[1232,1371,717,738]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ABC6C5D8FFC1441AFCB806E3FBAEFC43" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" type="description">
<paragraph id="E3639653FFC1441AFCB806E3FB93FCF7" blockId="1.[826,1443,195,831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">
The
<typeStatus id="3C6728F1FFC1441AFC6106E3FC7BFCC9" box="[906,1003,747,769]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is
<quantity id="24243BB6FFC1441AFBFF06E3FBE0FCC9" box="[1044,1136,747,769]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" unit="mm" value="590.0">590 mm</quantity>
in standard length. Such dimensions are also reached in
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFAEB0703FACDFCD7" authorityName="St Hilaire" authorityYear="1802" box="[1280,1373,778,800]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bichir">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFAEB0703FACDFCD7" box="[1280,1373,778,800]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. bichir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="24DCEDD0FFC1441AFCD10721FC55FCF6" box="[826,965,809,830]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="228" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endlicheri">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFCD10721FC55FCF6" box="[826,965,809,830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">P. endlicheri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E3639653FFC1441AFCD1075FFBAEFC43" blockId="1.[826,1442,855,907]" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="D1A84A41FFC1441AFCD1075FFC28FCA4" box="[826,952,855,876]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Occurrence</emphasis>
. Anthracotheriid Unit of Toros-Menalla, Late Miocene of
<collectingCountry id="9BCBD6C3FFC1441AFC11077DFBAAFC43" box="[1018,1082,885,907]" name="Chad" pageId="1" pageNumber="228">Chad</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>