409 lines
36 KiB
XML
409 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.851.29107" ID-GBIF-Dataset="95764ba2-fb71-4b14-b4c4-001d98a745cb" ID-PMC="PMC6557908" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-851-113" ID-PubMed="31205445" ID-ZBK="F0AB358B811E42EEB25A5CF24658E6CA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-851-113" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 851" ModsDocTitle="Description of six new species of the subgenus Panophrys within the genus Megophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) from southeastern China based on molecular and morphological data" checkinTime="1559653731320" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Jian, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Liu, Zu-Yao, Liao, Cheng-Kai, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Zhao, Jian, Li, Yu-Long & Wang, Ying-Yong" docDate="2019" docId="5D795EE73B28175073523DC3F228900E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 851: 113-164" docOrigin="ZooKeys 851" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.851.29107" docTitle="Megophrys (Panophrys) nankunensis J. Wang, Zeng & Y. Y. Wang, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="1F85DDB8-298D-47BB-B5BD-CA6D5A3E66A8" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="130" masterDocId="FFEFFFE854651128FF82FFDCFFA8FFEE" masterDocTitle="Description of six new species of the subgenus Panophrys within the genus Megophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) from southeastern China based on molecular and morphological data" masterLastPageNumber="164" masterPageNumber="113" pageNumber="123" updateTime="1668167314102" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Description of six new species of the subgenus Panophrys within the genus Megophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) from southeastern China based on molecular and morphological data</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Jian</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lyu, Zhi-Tong</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Zu-Yao</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liao, Cheng-Kai</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zeng, Zhao-Chi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhao, Jian</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Yu-Long</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Ying-Yong</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>851</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>113</mods:start>
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<mods:end>164</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.851.29107</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.851.29107</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-851-113</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F0AB358B811E42EEB25A5CF24658E6CA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F0AB358B811E42EEB25A5CF24658E6CA</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157395392" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1F85DDB8-298D-47BB-B5BD-CA6D5A3E66A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D795EE73B28175073523DC3F228900E" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="10" pageNumber="123">
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="123" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/1F85DDB8-298D-47BB-B5BD-CA6D5A3E66A8" authority="J. Wang, Zeng & Y. Y. Wang" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys (Panophrys) nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis" subGenus="Panophrys">Megophrys (Panophrys) nankunensis J. Wang, Zeng & Y.Y. Wang</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="123">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Fig. 4, Table 4
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="124" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="124">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="124" start="start">Holotype</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="124">
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SYS a004498, adult male, collected by Jian Wang and Hai-Long He on 20 October 2015 from Mt. Nankun (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="23.63861">23°38'19"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="113.89">113°53'24"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 400 m a.s.l.), Longmen County, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="125" type="paratypes (10 males & two females)">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="125">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="125" start="start">Paratypes</pageBreakToken>
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(10 males & two females).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="125">Adult females, SYS a004506-4507, collected by Jian Wang and Hai-Long He on 20 October 2015; adult males, SYS a002023, 2032-2033, collected by Run-Lin Li on 20 March 2013, SYS a004499-4504, SYS a004505/CIB110007, collected by Jian Wang and Hai-Long He on 20 October 2015, all from Mt. Nankun at elevations between 300-650 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="12" pageNumber="125" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="125">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="12" pageNumber="125">
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(1) Body size small, SVL 29.9-34.9 mm in 11 adult males, 39.4-41.9 mm in two adult females; (2) head width slightly larger than head length, HDW/HDL ratio 1.00-1.20; (3) snout rounded in dorsal view, tip of snout slightly sharpened; (4) tympanum distinct, moderate-sized, TD/ED ratio 0.43-0.61; (5) strong vomerine ridge bearing vomerine teeth; (6) margin of tongue not notched behind; (7) shanks short, heels not meeting when the flexed hindlimbs are held at right angles
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="126" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
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the body axis; tibia-tarsal articulation reaching forward to the region between tympanum and eye when hindlimb is stretched along the side of the body; (8) TIB/SVL ratio 0.35-0.42, FTL/SVL ratio 0.53-0.62; (9) absence of lateral fringes on fingers, presence of an indistinct subarticular tubercle on the bases of each finger, relative finger lengths II <I <IV <III; (10) toes with rudimentary webbing at their bases and without lateral fringes, subarticular tubercles only present on the bases of each toes; (11) dorsal surface with dense granules, surface of flanks and dorsal surface of limbs with large tubercles; (12) edge of eye lid with a small reddish horn-like tubercle; (13) supratympanic fold distinct, forming a depressed supraaxillary gland above insertion of arm; (14) dorsum beige to dark brown, with indistinct light brown patches, with an incomplete dark triangular marking between eyes; (15) males with a single subgular vocal sac, and dense dark villiform nuptial spines present on dorsal surface of first and second fingers during breeding season, respectively; (16) gravid females bear creamy yellow oocytes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="126">Comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="126">
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Comparative data of
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">Megophrys nankunensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. dongduanensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="dongduanensis">M. dongduanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. feii" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="feii">M. feii</taxonomicName>
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and the 33 recognized members of
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<taxonomicName authority="s.l. allocated to the" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subgenus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys (Panophrys)" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Panophrys">Megophrys s.l. allocated to the subgenus Panophrys</taxonomicName>
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are listed in Table 5.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="126">
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In the ML and BI phylogenetic trees (Fig. 2),
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">Megophrys nankunensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. is a sister taxon to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. dongguanensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="dongguanensis">M. dongguanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (p=4.6-5.0%) with high node-supporting value (0.1 in BI, 100% in ML%), and differs from the later by the snout rounded in dorsal view, tip of snout slightly sharpened (vs. snout pointed in dorsal view, tip of snout not sharpened), supratympanic fold forming a depressed supraaxillary gland above insertion of arm (vs. supraaxillary gland absent).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="126">
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With significantly smaller body size, SVL 29.9-34.9 mm in males and 39.4-41.9 mm in females,
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">Megophrys nankunensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. differs from the 12 members with larger SVL values:
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. baolongensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="baolongensis">M. baolongensis</taxonomicName>
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(42.0-45.0 mm in males),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. binlingensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="binlingensis">M. binlingensis</taxonomicName>
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(45.1-51.0 mm in males),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. caudoprocta" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="caudoprocta">M. caudoprocta</taxonomicName>
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(81.3 mm in single male),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. hoanglienensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="hoanglienensis">M. hoanglienensis</taxonomicName>
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(37.4-47.6 mm in males),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. jingdongensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="jingdongensis">M. jingdongensis</taxonomicName>
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(53.0-56.5 mm in males, 63.5 mm in single female),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. latidactyla" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="latidactyla">M. latidactyla</taxonomicName>
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(38.9 mm in single male),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. omeimontis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="omeimontis">M. omeimontis</taxonomicName>
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(56.0-59.5 mm in males, 68.0-72.5 mm in females),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. palpebralespinosa" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="palpebralespinosa">M. palpebralespinosa</taxonomicName>
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(36.2-38.0 mm in males),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. sangzhiensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="sangzhiensis">M. sangzhiensis</taxonomicName>
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(54.7 mm in single male),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. shuichengensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="shuichengensis">M. shuichengensis</taxonomicName>
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(102.0-118.3 mm in males, 99.8-115.6 mm in females),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. spinata" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="spinata">M. spinata</taxonomicName>
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(47.2-54.4 mm in males, 54.0-55.0 mm in females) and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. tuberogranulatus" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="tuberogranulatus">M. tuberogranulatus</taxonomicName>
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(50.5 in single female).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="13" pageNumber="126">
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">Megophrys nankunensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. differs from 12 species occurring in eastern and southern China (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. acuta" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="acuta">M. acuta</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. brachykolos" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="brachykolos">M. brachykolos</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. boettgeri" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="boettgeri">M. boettgeri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. cheni" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="cheni">M. cheni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. huangshanensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="huangshanensis">M. huangshanensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. insularis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="insularis">M. insularis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. jinggangensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="jinggangensis">M. jinggangensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. kuatunensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="kuatunensis">M. kuatunensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lini" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="lini">M. lini</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lishuiensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="lishuiensis">M. lishuiensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. obesa" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="obesa">M. obesa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. ombrophila" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="ombrophila">M. ombrophila</taxonomicName>
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) by the following combination of characters: presence of vomerine teeth (vs. absent in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. acuta" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="acuta">M. acuta</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. boettgeri" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="boettgeri">M. boettgeri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. brachykolos" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="brachykolos">M. brachykolos</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. cheni" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="cheni">M. cheni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. huangshanensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="huangshanensis">M. huangshanensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. kuatunensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="kuatunensis">M. kuatunensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lini" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="lini">M. lini</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lishuiensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="lishuiensis">M. lishuiensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. obesa" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="obesa">M. obesa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. ombrophila" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="ombrophila">M. ombrophila</taxonomicName>
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), absence of lateral fringes on toes (vs. presence of narrow lateral fringes on toes in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. acuta" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="acuta">M. acuta</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. jinggangensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="jinggangensis">M. jinggangensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. kuatunensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="kuatunensis">M. kuatunensis</taxonomicName>
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; presence of wide lateral fringes on toes in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. boettgeri" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="boettgeri">M. boettgeri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. cheni" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="cheni">M. cheni</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lini" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="lini">M. lini</taxonomicName>
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), toes with rudimentary webbing (vs. toes without webbing in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lishuiensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="lishuiensis">M. lishuiensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. kuatunensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="kuatunensis">M. kuatunensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. ombrophila" pageId="13" pageNumber="126" rank="species" species="ombrophila">M. ombrophila</taxonomicName>
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), hindlimbs short, with heels not meeting when the flexed hindlimbs are held at right angles to the body axis (vs. hindlimbs
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="127" start="start">comparatively</pageBreakToken>
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longer, with heels meeting or overlapping in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. cheni" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="cheni">M. cheni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. boettgeri" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="boettgeri">M. boettgeri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. kuatunensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="kuatunensis">M. kuatunensis</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. jinggangensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="jinggangensis">M. jinggangensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lini" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="lini">M. lini</taxonomicName>
|
||
), tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to the region between tympanum and eye when hindlimb is stretched along the side of the body (vs. reaching forward to the shoulder in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. brachykolos" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="brachykolos">M. brachykolos</taxonomicName>
|
||
and to the posterior edge of tympanum in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. insularis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="insularis">M. insularis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), relative finger lengths II <I <IV <III (vs. IV <I <II <III in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. brachykolos" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="brachykolos">M. brachykolos</taxonomicName>
|
||
and I <II <IV <III in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. obesa" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="obesa">M. obesa</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. ombrophila" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="ombrophila">M. ombrophila</taxonomicName>
|
||
); supratympanic fold forming a depressed supraaxillary gland above insertion of arm (vs. supraaxillary gland swollen in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. insularis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="insularis">M. insularis</taxonomicName>
|
||
; absent in other 11 species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">Megophrys nankunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differs from the remaining nine members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megophrys</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.l. allocated to the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys (Panophrys)" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Panophrys">Panophrys</taxonomicName>
|
||
which share a moderate or small body size, by the by the small horn-like tubercle at edge of upper eyelid (vs. horn-like tubercle indistinct or absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. binchuanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="binchuanensis">M. binchuanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. minor" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="minor">M. minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wuliangshanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="wuliangshanensis">M. wuliangshanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wushanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="wushanensis">M. wushanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
; long point in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. liboensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="liboensis">M. liboensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), presence of vomerine teeth (vs. absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. binchuanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="binchuanensis">M. binchuanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. leishanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="leishanensis">M. leishanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. minor" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="minor">M. minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wuliangshanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="wuliangshanensis">M. wuliangshanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wushanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="wushanensis">M. wushanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), absence of lateral fringes on toes (vs. wide in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. binchuanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="binchuanensis">M. binchuanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. liboensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="liboensis">M. liboensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wushanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="wushanensis">M. wushanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(wide in males); narrow in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. rubrimera" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="rubrimera">M. rubrimera</taxonomicName>
|
||
), toes with rudimentary webbing (vs. toes without webbing in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. daweimontis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="daweimontis">M. daweimontis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. rubrimera" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="rubrimera">M. rubrimera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wuliangshanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="wuliangshanensis">M. wuliangshanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wushanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="wushanensis">M. wushanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in females); webbing indistinct or absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. fansipanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="fansipanensis">M. fansipanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to the region between tympanum and eye when hindlimb is stretched along the side of the body (vs. reaching forward to the tip of snout in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. daweimontis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="daweimontis">M. daweimontis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), finger II shortest (vs. finger I shortest in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. liboensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="liboensis">M. liboensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), presence of an indistinct subarticular tubercle on the bases of each finger (vs. subarticular tubercle absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. fansipanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="fansipanensis">M. fansipanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), heels not meeting when the flexed hindlimbs are held at right angles to the body axis (heels meeting in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. binchuanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="binchuanensis">M. binchuanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
; heels meeting or overlapping in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. minor" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="minor">M. minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wushanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="wushanensis">M. wushanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
; heels overlapping in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. leishanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="leishanensis">M. leishanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. liboensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="liboensis">M. liboensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wuliangshanensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="wuliangshanensis">M. wuliangshanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">Megophrys nankunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. further differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. feii" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" rank="species" species="feii">M. feii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for which molecular data are lacking and cannot be allocated to any subgenus base on morphology only (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Yang, JH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="41" pageNumber="154" pagination="325 - 338" title="A new species of the genus Megophrys (Anura: Megophryidae) from Yunnan Province, China." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4413.2.5" volume="4413" year="2018">Yang et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) by the larger body size, SVL 29.9-34.9 mm in males and 39.4-41.9 mm in females (VS. 24.3-25.1 mm in males, 28.2-28.9 mm in females), presence of nuptial pad with nuptial spines in males during breeding season (vs. absent), presence of vomerine teeth (vs. absent), absence of lateral fringes on toes (vs. moderate or wide), heels not meeting when the flexed hindlimbs are held at right angles to the body axis (vs. heels overlapping).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="14" pageNumber="127" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="127">Description of holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="14" pageNumber="127">
|
||
Adult male. Habitus small, SVL 31.3 mm; head width slightly larger than head length, HDW/HDL 1.12; snout rounded in dorsal view, tip of snout slightly sharpened, sloping backward to mouth in profile, protruding well beyond margin of lower jaw; top of head flat; eye large, ED/HDL 0.38; nostril oblique ovoid; pupil vertical; canthus rostralis well developed, forming the beginning of a fleshy, protruding ridge, that continues over the upper eyelid, and transitions into a supratympanic fold that terminates in the scapular region; loreal region vertical; internasal distance slightly larger than interorbital distance; tympanum distinct, moderate-sized, TD/ED 0.44; large ovoid choanae at the base of the maxilla; strong vomerine
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="128" start="start">ridge</pageBreakToken>
|
||
bearing vomerine teeth; margin of tongue weakly notched posteriorly; internal vocal slits present near the rear of the lower mandible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">RAD/SVL 0.22, HND/SVL 0.22; absence of lateral fringes and webbing on fingers, relative finger lengths II <I <IV <III; tip of finger rounded, slightly swollen; presence of a distinct subarticular tubercle on the base of each finger; outer metacarpal tubercles indistinct, inner metacarpal tubercles distinct and observably enlarged. Hindlimbs short, tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward the anterior margin of tympanum when hindlimb is stretched along the side of the body; heels not meeting when the flexed hindlimbs are held at right angles to the body axis; TIB/SVL 0.37 and FTL/SVL 0.55; relative toe lengths I <II <V <III <IV; tips of toes round and slightly dilated; presence of rudimentary webbing on toes but absence of lateral fringes and tarsal folds; presence of a subarticular tubercle only at the bases of each toes; presence of a long ovoid inner metatarsal tubercle and absence of outer metatarsal tubercle.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">Dorsal skin texture smooth with dense granules, some of which forming a weak X-shaped skin ridge on center of trunk; surface of flanks with large tubercles; presence of a small horn-like tubercle at the edge of eyelid; distinct supratympanic fold curving posteroventrally from posterior corner of eye to a level above insertion of arm, forming a swollen supraaxillary gland above insertion of arm; ventral skin texture smooth with granules on the surface of abdomen; pectoral gland large, equal size to tip of fingers, closer to axilla; single large femoral gland on rear of thigh.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="128" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">Measurements of holotype (in mm).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">SVL 31.3, HDL 9.6, HDW 10.8, SNT 3.4, IND 3.4, IOD 2.4, ED 3.7, TD 1.6, TED 1.0, HND 6.9, RAD 7.0, FTL 17.3, TIB 11.6.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="128" type="coloration of holotype in life">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">Coloration of holotype in life.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">
|
||
(Fig. 4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
) Dorsal surface beige with obscure darker patches, with a distinct and incomplete dark triangular marking between eyes, unconnected with an incomplete X-shaped marking on center of trunk. Forearm with dark bands dorsally; hindlimb with broad black transverse bands. Tip of snout dark brown. A dark brown vertical band below the eye. Supratympanic fold white. Horn-like tubercle at the edge of the upper eyelid orange. Surface of throat and chest dark brown, with scarlet spots. Posterior region of abdomen white, with dark brown and scarlet spots. Ventral surface of limbs white with brown patches. Ventral surface of hand and foot light brown, subarticular tubercle at the base of each fingers and toes, outer metacarpal tubercle, inner metatarsal tubercle and inner metacarpal tubercle pink. Pectoral and femoral glands white. Iris white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">
|
||
Figure 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">Megophrys nankunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. in life:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
SYS a004498, the male holotype
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
SYS a004507, the female paratype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="128" type="coloration of holotype in preservative">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">Coloration of holotype in preservative.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">On dorsal surface the beige fades to dark grey. Dark interorbital triangular marking becomes more indistinct. Ventral surface pale in color, grey-brownish grounding, markings and mottling more distinct, all scarlet spots absent.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="15" pageNumber="128" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="128">Measurements and body proportions of type series are given in Table 4.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="15" pageNumber="128">
|
||
All paratype specimens were very similar in morphology and color pattern. However, the holotype has the dorsal surface beige (vs. reddish brown in paratypes SYS a002033, 4501, and dark brown in paratypes SYS a004502-4506, 4507 (Fig. 4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
)), dorsal skin texture smooth, granules and tubercles weak (vs. dorsal skin texture relatively rough with more distinct granules and tubercles in paratypes SYS a004502,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="129" start="start">4504</pageBreakToken>
|
||
-4507), and ventral surface of hand and foot light brown (vs. ventral surface of hand and foot grey white in paratypes SYS a004502-4504).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="129" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="129">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="129">
|
||
The specific epithet
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“nankunensis”">"nankunensis"</normalizedToken>
|
||
is in reference to the type locality of the new species: Mt. Nankun. We propose the common English name "Nankunshan Horned Toad" and Chinese name "Nan Kun Shan Jiao Chan (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="南昆山角蟾)”">南昆山角蟾)"</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="16" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="129">Distribution and habits.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="16" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Currently,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">Megophrys nankunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is known only from the type locality, Mt. Nankun in Longmen County, Guangdong Province, China. It inhabits forest floor, leaf litter and the nearby undergrowth rocky mountainous streams (2-3 m wide) surrounded by moist subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="130" start="start">at</pageBreakToken>
|
||
elevations between 300-600 m. Breeding season of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nankunensis" pageId="17" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="nankunensis">M. nankunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is from October to the following March, males were found calling under the leaf litter or rocks (Fig. 5A) on the ground in the flowing streams, besides, a pair were observed exposed on the floor in a flowing stream, about 2.5 m wide, prior to amplexus (Fig. 5B) at 20:09 P.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="17" pageNumber="130" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
on 20 October 2015. Tadpoles were not observed in this period.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="130">
|
||
Figure 5. Ecology and behavior of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megophrys nankunensis" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="130" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">Megophrys nankunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. A an adult male observed under the rock in the flowing stream B pair of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nankunensis" pageId="17" pageNumber="130" rank="species" species="nankunensis">M. nankunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. observed exposed on leave litters in a flowing stream, about 2.5 m wide, prior to amplexus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |