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<document id="56BFA32D1237CA57243281CEB387F74A" ID-CLB-Dataset="157781" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5192.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8e2cc009-d580-4904-a0b7-9ed7a9e3ab9e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7138639" ID-ZooBank="236A609B-8A6A-47D7-9BB9-E2FDCA5C37E5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1664794801684" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kuwahara, Gregory K. &amp; Marshall, Stephen A." docDate="2022" docId="0F519B74FFCAAD28FF2C90F6FA34F81E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5192.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5192 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5192.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Howickia Richards 1951" docType="key" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="F368E30CFFD9AD3DFFBB9376FFA9FFFB" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Australian species of Howickia Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae)" masterLastPageNumber="152" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1699386905592" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2B85C7940DE31E1C3BE0CA5ADD4A21F8">A revision of the Australian species of Howickia Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D53BBF4C06D4B456A8AD748046941E5A">Kuwahara, Gregory K.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0F519B74FFCAAD28FF2C90F6FA34F81E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7144057" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202134606" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7144057" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F519B74FFCAAD28FF2C90F6FA34F81E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F519B74FFCAAD28FF2C90F6FA34F81E" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="CFE279E9FFCAAD2EFF2C90F6FD35FC61" box="[151,668,895,922]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C90F6FD35FC61" blockId="19.[151,668,895,922]" box="[151,668,895,922]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFF2C90F6FD35FC61" bold="true" box="[151,668,895,922]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Key to the Australian species of
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCAAD2EFD939009FD35FC61" ID-CoL="4Z2H" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1951" box="[552,668,895,922]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFD939009FD35FC61" bold="true" box="[552,668,895,922]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Howickia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CFE279E9FFCAAD28FF2C90B6FA34F81E" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="key">
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C90B6FA35FC08" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C90B6FA35FC2E" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,960,982]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C90B6FA35FC2E" box="[151,1436,960,982]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1 Wing extending at least to posterior margin of scutellum (macropterous or brachypterous)........................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C90ABFA35FC08" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,989,1011]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C90ABFA35FC08" box="[151,1436,989,1011]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">- Wing absent or vestigial with vestige minute and not extending to posterior margin of scutellum (apterous or almost so)... 26</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C908CFA35FBD6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C908CFA35FBF4" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,1018,1040]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C908CFA35FBF4" box="[151,1436,1018,1040]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2 Wing fully developed, extending at least to posterior margin of T5.............................................. 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C976EFA35FBD6" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,1048,1070]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C976EFA35FBD6" box="[151,1436,1048,1070]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">- Wing significantly reduced, extending at most to posterior margin of T3......................................... 24</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C9743FA35FB9C" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C9743FA35FBB1" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,1077,1099]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C9743FA35FBB1" box="[151,1436,1077,1099]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">3 Head yellow to reddish-orange, different in colour from body.................................................. 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C9725FA35FB9C" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,1106,1128]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C9725FA35FB9C" box="[151,1436,1106,1128]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">- Entire body mostly brown to black, head brown to black with at most the lower frons orange......................... 9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C9706FA35FB25" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C9706FA35FB58" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C9706FA35FB58" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
4 CS2 at most half as long as CS3 (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFD999706FD2DFB7D" box="[546,644,1136,1158]" captionStart="FIGURES 24.124.3" captionStartId="90.[152,270,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-33@90.[164,1424,181,1926]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 24.124.3. Howickia wilsoni (Richards). 24.1, female habitus, lateral; 24.2, female head, anterolateral, 24.3, left wing. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm. Photo credit: R. Cox." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138794/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs. 24.6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFD369719FD12FB7E" box="[653,699,1135,1157]" captionStart="FIGURES 25.125.5" captionStartId="92.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-33@92.[161,1427,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURES 25.125.5. Howickia xanthocephala sp. nov. 25.1, male habitus, lateral; 25.2, male head, anterolateral; 25.3 male S58, ventral; 25.4, male terminalia, lateral; 25.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138798/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">25.6</figureCitation>
); wing strongly infuscate but not patterned. Small species (
<quantity id="40008787FFCAAD2EFB4B9706FACCFB7E" box="[1264,1381,1136,1157]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.9">1.93.1 mm</quantity>
) with 68 rows of acrostichal setulae........................................................................... 5
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C97DDFA35FB25" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C97DDFA35FB25" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
- CS2 subequal to or longer than CS3 (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFDFD97DCFD35FB44" box="[582,668,1194,1216]" captionStart="FIGURES 8.18.6" captionStartId="36.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-33@36.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 8.18.6. Howickia erythrocephala sp. nov. 8.1, male habitus, lateral; 8.2, male head, anterolateral; 8.3, left wing; 8.4, male S58, ventral; 8.5, male terminalia, lateral; 8.6, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138696/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs. 8.3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFD1D97DCFD7BFB3B" box="[678,722,1194,1216]" captionStart="FIGURES 13.113.5" captionStartId="53.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-19@53.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 13.113.5. Howickia kurandensis (Richards). 13.1, male habitus, lateral; 13.2, male head, anterolateral; 13.3, male S58, ventral; 13.4, male terminalia, lateral; 13.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 13.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138724" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138724/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">13.6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFD6097DCFCAEFB3B" box="[731,775,1194,1216]" captionStart="FIGURES 14.114.5" captionStartId="57.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@57.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 14.114.5. Howickia myrmecophila (Knab &amp; Malloch). 14.1, male habitus, lateral; 14.2, male head, anterolateral; 14.3, male S58, ventral; 14.4, male terminalia, lateral; 14.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral; 14.5a, apex of distiphallus, anterior. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138730/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">14.6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFCAA97DCFC96FB3B" box="[785,831,1194,1216]" captionStart="FIGURES 15.115.5" captionStartId="60.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-33@60.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURES 15.115.5. Howickia nitidipleura (Richards). 15.1, male habitus, lateral; 15.2, male head, anterolateral; 15.3, male S5, ventral; 15.4, male terminalia, lateral; 15.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138736" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138736/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">15.6</figureCitation>
); wing patterned or at least with dark spots at crossveins. Large species (
<quantity id="40008787FFCAAD2EFE8F97B1FE03FB26" box="[308,426,1223,1245]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="2.5">2.55.5 mm</quantity>
) with 1012 rows of acrostichal setulae................................................... 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C9793FA34FA76" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C9793FA35FACE" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C9793FA35FACE" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
5 Frons with 4 subequal interfrontal bristles. Thorax with 10 rows of acrostichal setulae. Male mid tibia without row of stout ventral setae. R
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCAAD2EFECF9667FE23FAE6" attach="left" box="[372,394,1297,1309]" fontSize="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4+5</subScript>
sharply upcurved basally before running parallel to costa, never with a short appendix on the distal curve (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFACE9674FEA4FACE" captionStart="FIGURES 25.125.5" captionStartId="92.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-33@92.[161,1427,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURES 25.125.5. Howickia xanthocephala sp. nov. 25.1, male habitus, lateral; 25.2, male head, anterolateral; 25.3 male S58, ventral; 25.4, male terminalia, lateral; 25.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138798/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 25.6</figureCitation>
)................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCAAD2EFBAD9656FB68FACE" ID-CoL="BD3M2" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1046,1217,1312,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthocephala" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFBAD9656FB68FACE" box="[1046,1217,1312,1333]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. xanthocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFB7C9656FABAFACE" bold="true" box="[1223,1299,1312,1333]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCAAD2EFB7C9656FABAFACE" box="[1223,1299,1312,1333]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(QLD, NSW)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C964BFA34FA76" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C964BFA34FA76" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
- Frons with 3 interfrontal bristles (2 subequal and 1 much smaller). Thorax with 6 rows of acrostichal setulae. Male mid tibia with a double row of stout ventral setae. R 2+3 roughly symmetrically sinuate, sometimes with a short appendix on the distal curve (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFE9F960EFED5FA75" box="[292,380,1400,1422]" captionStart="FIGURES 22.122.5" captionStartId="83.[152,270,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-19@83.[151,1436,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 22.122.5. Howickia vernalis (Richards). 22.1, male habitus, lateral; 22.2, male head, anterolateral; 22.3, male S58, ventral; 22.4, male terminalia, lateral; 22.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138780" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138780/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 22.6</figureCitation>
).................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCAAD2EFC74960EFA34FA76" ID-CoL="BD3LX" authority="(Richards, 1973) (NSW, QLD, VIC)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[975,1437,1400,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernalis">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFC74960EFB90FA76" box="[975,1081,1400,1421]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. vernalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCAAD2EFBFD960EFB73FA76" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1094,1242,1400,1422]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (NSW, QLD, VIC)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C96E3FA35FA3C" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C96E3FA35FA51" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,1429,1451]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C96E3FA35FA51" box="[151,1436,1429,1451]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">6 Head orange/caramel brown; femora apically dark, with little to no orange........................................ 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C96C5FA35FA3C" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,1458,1480]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C96C5FA35FA3C" box="[151,1436,1458,1480]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">- Head yellow; femora with at least apical fifth orange......................................................... 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C96A6FA34F9A1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C96A6FA35F9E4" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C96A6FA35F9E4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
7 Wing infuscate, with light patches forming a reticulated pattern (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFCDA96A6FC17FA1D" box="[865,958,1488,1510]" captionStart="FIGURES 14.114.5" captionStartId="57.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@57.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 14.114.5. Howickia myrmecophila (Knab &amp; Malloch). 14.1, male habitus, lateral; 14.2, male head, anterolateral; 14.3, male S58, ventral; 14.4, male terminalia, lateral; 14.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral; 14.5a, apex of distiphallus, anterior. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138730/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 14.6</figureCitation>
). All interfrontal bristles long with tips crossing. Apical 3 tarsomeres of fore leg white. Halter pale brown with a white apex.....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCAAD2EFCB2957DFA35F9E4" ID-CoL="8CMFF" authority="(Knab &amp; Malloch, 1912) (ACT, NSW, QLD, TAS)" authorityName="ACT, NSW, QLD, TAS" baseAuthorityName="Knab &amp; Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[777,1436,1546,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Limosina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myrmecophila">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFCB2957DFC19F9E4" box="[777,944,1546,1568]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. myrmecophila</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCAAD2EFC07957CFB37F9E4" author="Knab, F. &amp; Malloch, J. R." box="[956,1182,1546,1568]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="233 - 237" refId="ref92953" refString="Knab, F. &amp; Malloch, J. R. (1912) New Australian Diptera from ants' nests. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 36, 233 - 237." type="journal article" year="1912">Knab &amp; Malloch, 1912</bibRefCitation>
) (ACT, NSW, QLD, TAS)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C955EFA34F9A1" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C955EFA34F9A1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
- Wing slightly infuscate with dark spots at crossveins and midpoint of CuA (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFC16955EFC50F9C6" box="[941,1017,1576,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 8.18.6" captionStartId="36.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-33@36.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 8.18.6. Howickia erythrocephala sp. nov. 8.1, male habitus, lateral; 8.2, male head, anterolateral; 8.3, left wing; 8.4, male S58, ventral; 8.5, male terminalia, lateral; 8.6, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138696/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8.3</figureCitation>
). All interfrontal bristles short with tips well separated. All tarsomeres of fore leg entirely dark brown. Halter entirely dark brown.....
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCAAD2EFBF49530FB57F9A1" ID-CoL="BD3KY" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1103,1278,1605,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythrocephala" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFBF49530FB57F9A1" box="[1103,1278,1605,1627]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. erythrocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFABF9533FAF8F9A1" bold="true" box="[1284,1361,1605,1626]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCAAD2EFABF9533FAF8F9A1" box="[1284,1361,1605,1626]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NSW)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C9514FA34F8DC" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C9514FA34F949" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C9514FA34F949" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
8 CS2 2.0x length of CS3. Legs mostly yellow, with basal 2 tarsomeres of fore leg brown and remaining tarsomeres white; fore leg yellow, mid and hind legs with basal half of femur brown; basal half of mid tibia with 5 dorsal bristles (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFB6395F6FA9BF96E" box="[1240,1330,1664,1686]" captionStart="FIGURES 3.13.22" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[391,1188,189,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[386,1202,181,1461]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 3.13.22. Mid tibial chaetotaxy of macropterous Australian species of Howickia. 3.1, H. acicula sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.2, H. biantenna sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.3, H. brevior (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.4, H. capitalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.5, H. erythrocephala sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral female; 3.6, H. flaviterga (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.7, H. fuscalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.8, H. grandisterna sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.9, H. hardyina (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.10, H. kurandensis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.11, H. myrmecophila (Knab &amp; Malloch), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.12, H. nitidipleura (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.13, H. percostata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.14, H. pertusa sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.15, H. pseudovittata sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.16, H. subsinuata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.17, H. symmetrica (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male; 3.18, H. trivittata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.19, H. vernalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.20, H. wamini sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.21, H. wilsoni (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.22, H. xanthocephala sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female. Scale bars indicate 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138660/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3.10</figureCitation>
); hind tibia with a stout apicoventral seta. Interfrontal bristles short, with tips well separated....
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCAAD2EFBA795E8FA34F949" ID-CoL="BD3L9" authority="(Richards, 1973) (QLD)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1052,1437,1693,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurandensis">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFBA795E8FB07F949" box="[1052,1198,1693,1715]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. kurandensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCAAD2EFB0195EBFAE7F949" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1210,1358,1693,1715]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (QLD)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C95CDFA34F8DC" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C95CDFA34F8DC" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
- CS2 1.5x length of CS3. Legs mostly dark brown, fore basitarsus brown and remaining tarsomeres white; fore leg brown, mid and hind legs with basal four-fifths of femur dark brown; basal half of mid tibia with 7 dorsal bristles (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFB1395AEFAABF916" box="[1192,1282,1752,1774]" captionStart="FIGURES 3.13.22" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[391,1188,189,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[386,1202,181,1461]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 3.13.22. Mid tibial chaetotaxy of macropterous Australian species of Howickia. 3.1, H. acicula sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.2, H. biantenna sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.3, H. brevior (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.4, H. capitalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.5, H. erythrocephala sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral female; 3.6, H. flaviterga (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.7, H. fuscalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.8, H. grandisterna sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.9, H. hardyina (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.10, H. kurandensis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.11, H. myrmecophila (Knab &amp; Malloch), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.12, H. nitidipleura (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.13, H. percostata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.14, H. pertusa sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.15, H. pseudovittata sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.16, H. subsinuata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.17, H. symmetrica (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male; 3.18, H. trivittata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.19, H. vernalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.20, H. wamini sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.21, H. wilsoni (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.22, H. xanthocephala sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female. Scale bars indicate 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138660/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3.12</figureCitation>
); hind tibia with only weak setulae apicoventrally. Interfrontal bristles long, with tips crossing or nearly so............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCAAD2EFC5B9465FA34F8DC" ID-CoL="BD3LD" authority="(Richards, 1973) (NSW, QLD)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[992,1437,1810,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidipleura">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCAAD2EFC5B9465FBC7F8DC" box="[992,1134,1810,1832]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">H. nitidipleura</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCAAD2EFBC09464FAA6F8DC" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1147,1295,1810,1832]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (NSW, QLD)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C9446FA35F899" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C9446FA35F8BE" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,1840,1867]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C9446FA35F8BE" box="[151,1436,1840,1867]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
9
<collectingRegion id="453CE480FFCAAD2EFF599446FEB0F8BE" box="[226,281,1840,1861]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Costa</collectingRegion>
ending at or extending very slightly past R
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCAAD2EFD0E9449FD63F8B0" attach="left" box="[693,714,1855,1867]" fontSize="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4+5</subScript>
(12x costal width).......................................... 10
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C943BFA35F899" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,1869,1896]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C943BFA35F899" box="[151,1436,1869,1896]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
-
<collectingRegion id="453CE480FFCAAD2EFF59943BFEB0F899" box="[226,281,1869,1890]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Costa</collectingRegion>
extending well beyond R
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCAAD2EFDB4942AFD8CF893" attach="left" box="[527,549,1884,1896]" fontSize="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4+5</subScript>
(47x costal width)........................................................ 14
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD2EFF2C941CFA35F841" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C941CFA35F884" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" box="[151,1436,1898,1920]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C941CFA35F884" box="[151,1436,1898,1920]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">10 Frons with 5 yellowish stripes (1 on frontal vitta and each orbital plate and interfrontal plate)........................ 11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD2EFF2C94FEFA35F841" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD2EFF2C94FEFA35F841" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">- Frons without yellowish stripes, sometimes with shiny microtrichia on interfrontal and orbital plates but otherwise uniformly pigmented.......................................................................................... 12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCAAD29FF2C94B4FA34FEFE" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCAAD29FF2C94B4FA34FF56" blockId="19.[151,1437,960,2038]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCAAD29FF2C94B4FA34FF56" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
11 CS2 0.3x length of CS3; R 2+3 very short, asymmetrical, curving up towards costa before running parallel to costa from which it is separated by 1x costal width (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCAAD2EFDAD9496FDD8F80D" box="[534,625,2016,2038]" captionStart="FIGURES 21.121.5" captionStartId="80.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-33@80.[158,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 21.121.5. Howickia trivittata (Richards). 21.1, male habitus, lateral; 21.2, male head, anterolateral; 21.3, male S58, ventral; 21.4, male terminalia, lateral; 21.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138772/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 21.6</figureCitation>
). Small species (
<quantity id="40008787FFCAAD2EFCAA9496FC2EF80E" box="[785,903,2016,2038]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.7">1.72.6 mm</quantity>
) with 8 rows of acrostichal setulae..................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC4693EEFA34FF56" ID-CoL="BD3LT" authority="(Richards, 1973) (NSW, QLD)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1021,1437,151,173]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trivittata">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC4693EEFBC7FF56" box="[1021,1134,152,173]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. trivittata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FBC093E1FAA6FF56" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1147,1295,151,173]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (NSW, QLD)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C93C3FA34FEFE" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C93C3FA34FEFE" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- CS2 subequal to CS3; R
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCDAD29FE6F93B2FE40FF2B" attach="left" box="[468,489,196,208]" fontSize="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">2+3</subScript>
long, evenly sinuate and separated from costa by 3x costal width, sometimes with a very small appendage on distal curve (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FE5293A4FDEDFF13" box="[489,580,210,232]" captionStart="FIGURES 19.119.5" captionStartId="75.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-19@75.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 19.119.5. Howickia subsinuata (Richards). 19.1, male habitus, lateral; 19.2, male head, anterolateral; 19.3, male S58, ventral; 19.4, male terminalia, lateral; 19.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138762/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 19.6</figureCitation>
). Medium-sized species (
<quantity id="40008787FFCDAD29FC8D93A4FC04FF1C" box="[822,941,210,231]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="2.3">2.33.7 mm</quantity>
) with 12 rows of acrostichal setulae.......................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC149386FA34FEFE" ID-CoL="BD3LQ" authority="(Richards, 1973) (ACT, NSW, QLD)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[943,1437,239,261]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsinuata">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC149386FB9DFEFF" box="[943,1076,239,261]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. subsinuata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FBFA9399FB7CFEFE" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1089,1237,239,261]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (ACT, NSW, QLD)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C927BFA35FE6C" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C927BFA34FEA6" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C927BFA34FEA6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
12 Frons with pale microtomentum along interfrontal plates, giving appearance of stripes (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FBA5927BFBD1FED9" box="[1054,1144,269,291]" captionStart="FIGURES 18.118.5" captionStartId="70.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,181,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-33@70.[157,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 18.118.5. Howickia pseudovittata sp. nov. 18.1, male habitus, lateral; 18.2, male head, anterolateral; 18.3, male S58, ventral; 18.4, male terminalia, lateral; 18.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138756/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 18.2</figureCitation>
); 4 interfrontal bristles (3 large + 1 small). CS2 subequal to CS3. Male mid tibia with a double row of ventral setae along apical half only................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC51923EFB20FEA7" ID-CoL="BD3LM" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1002,1161,327,349]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudovittata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC51923EFB20FEA7" box="[1002,1161,327,349]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. pseudovittata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FB34923EFB72FEA6" bold="true" box="[1167,1243,328,349]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCDAD29FB34923EFB72FEA6" box="[1167,1243,328,349]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(ACT, NSW, QLD)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9213FA35FE6C" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9213FA35FE6C" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- Frons reddish-brown, without pale microtomentum along interfrontal plates (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FC799213FBB1FE80" box="[962,1048,357,379]" captionStart="FIGURES 6.16.2" captionStartId="30.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[165,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-33@30.[165,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 6.16.2. Howickia brevior (Richards). 6.1, female habitus, lateral; 6.2, female head, anterolateral.Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138680/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 6.2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FB999213FBF9FE81" box="[1058,1104,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 20.120.3" captionStartId="78.[152,270,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[184,1424,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-33@78.[164,1424,181,1926]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURES 20.120.3. Howickia symmetrica (Richards). 20.1, male habitus, lateral; 20.2, male head, anterolateral; 20.3, left wing. Body and wing scale bars indicate 0.5 mm, head scale bar indicates 0.2 mm. Photo credit: J. Lumbers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138770" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138770/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">20.2</figureCitation>
); 3 interfrontal bristles (2 large + 1 small). CS2 distinctly shorter than CS3. Male mid tibia with double row of ventral setae along entire length............ 13
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C92D6FA34FDF6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C92D6FA34FE29" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C92D6FA34FE29" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
13 CS2 0.5x length of CS3; R 2+3 strongly sinuate with relatively rounded curves (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FC5B92E9FB83FE4E" box="[992,1066,415,437]" captionStart="FIGURES 6.16.2" captionStartId="30.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[165,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-33@30.[165,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 6.16.2. Howickia brevior (Richards). 6.1, female habitus, lateral; 6.2, female head, anterolateral.Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138680/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 6.3</figureCitation>
). Two dorsocentral bristles; 6 rows of acrostichal setulae..........................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FBFC92C8FA34FE29" ID-CoL="BD3KR" authority="(Richards, 1973) (NSW)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1095,1437,445,467]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevior">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FBFC92C8FB03FE29" box="[1095,1194,445,467]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. brevior</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FB0D92CBFAE3FE29" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1206,1354,445,467]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (NSW)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C92ADFA34FDF6" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C92ADFA34FDF6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- CS2 0.7x length of CS3; R 2+3 strongly sinuate with curves sharply bent, almost at right angles to costa (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FAB992ACFAC8FE14" box="[1282,1377,474,496]" captionStart="FIGURES 20.120.3" captionStartId="78.[152,270,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[184,1424,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-33@78.[164,1424,181,1926]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURES 20.120.3. Howickia symmetrica (Richards). 20.1, male habitus, lateral; 20.2, male head, anterolateral; 20.3, left wing. Body and wing scale bars indicate 0.5 mm, head scale bar indicates 0.2 mm. Photo credit: J. Lumbers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138770" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138770/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 20.3</figureCitation>
). One dorsocentral bristle; 8 rows of acrostichal setulae.............................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FBA5928EFA34FDF6" ID-CoL="BD3LR" authority="(Richards, 1973) (NSW)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1054,1437,503,525]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="symmetrica">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FBA5928EFB03FDF6" box="[1054,1194,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. symmetrica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FB0D9281FAE3FDF6" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1206,1354,503,525]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (NSW)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C9163FA35FDBC" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9163FA35FDD0" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,533,555]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9163FA35FDD0" box="[151,1436,533,555]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">14 One dorsocentral bristle............................................................................... 15</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9145FA35FDBC" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,562,584]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9145FA35FDBC" box="[151,1436,562,584]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">- Two dorsocentral bristles.............................................................................. 18</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C9139FA35FD46" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9139FA34FD79" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9139FA34FD79" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
15 Frons largely orange, gradually transitioning from orange on lower portion to dark brown dorsally, interfrontal plates indistinctly coloured from frons (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FE14911BFDA3FD79" box="[431,522,621,643]" captionStart="FIGURES 12.112.5" captionStartId="49.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,181,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-19@49.[162,1425,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 12.112.5. Howickia hardyina (Richards). 12.1, male habitus, lateral; 12.2, male head, anterolateral; 12.3, male S58, ventral; 12.4, male terminalia, lateral; 12.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138718" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138718/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 12.2</figureCitation>
). Three stout interfrontal bristles...........
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC719118FA34FD79" authority="(Richards, 1973) (ACT, NSW, VIC)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[970,1437,621,643]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hardyina">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC719118FB94FD79" box="[970,1085,621,643]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. hardyina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FBF2911BFB74FD79" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1097,1245,621,643]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (ACT, NSW, VIC)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C91FDFA35FD46" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C91FDFA35FD46" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- Frons largely black, orange limited to very front of frons but may extend upwards along the sides of the interfrontals, interfrontal plates distinctly dark (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FE0C91D1FDA4FD46" box="[439,525,679,701]" captionStart="FIGURES 5.15.5" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 5.15.5. Howickia biantenna sp. nov. 5.1, male habitus, lateral; 5.2, male head, anterolateral; 5.3, male S58, ventral; 5.4, male terminalia, lateral; 5.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 5.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138670" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138670/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 5.2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FDAC91DEFDEAFD46" box="[535,579,680,701]" captionStart="FIGURES 17.117.5" captionStartId="67.[152,270,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-19@67.[151,1436,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 17.117.5. Howickia pertusa sp. nov. 17.1, male habitus, lateral; 17.2, male head, anterolateral; 17.3, male S58, ventral; 17.4, male terminalia, lateral; 17.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138750/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">17.2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FDF691DEFDD2FD46" box="[589,635,680,701]" captionStart="FIGURES 23.123.5" captionStartId="87.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[161,1427,181,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-19@87.[161,1427,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 23.123.5. Howickia wamini sp. nov. 23.1, male habitus, lateral; 23.2, male head, anterolateral; 23.3, male S58, ventral; 23.4, male terminalia, lateral; 23.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138788/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">23.2</figureCitation>
). Four to five long interfrontal bristles.................................. 16
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C91B3FA35FCC9" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C91B3FA35FD0C" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C91B3FA35FD0C" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
16 Face deeply excavated on either side of midline with a small, flattened ventromedial triangle; 5 interfrontal bristles. Scutellar width 1.5x its length. Halter brown with apex of the knob paler..........
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC069195FB88FD03" ID-CoL="BD3LY" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[957,1057,739,760]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wamini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC069195FB88FD03" box="[957,1057,739,760]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. wamini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FB9C9194FBDAFD0C" bold="true" box="[1063,1139,738,759]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCDAD29FB9C9194FBDAFD0C" box="[1063,1139,738,759]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(ACT, NSW, QLD, TAS, WA)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9076FA35FCC9" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9076FA35FCC9" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">- Face more evenly rounded, not so excavated on either side of midline with a very small flattened ventromedial triangle, if present at all; 4 interfrontal bristles. Scutellar width 2x its length. Halter largely white with some brown............... 17</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C904CFA35FC19" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C904CFA35FC71" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C904CFA35FC71" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
17 Mid tibia with 4 dorsal setae in proximal half (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FD1D904CFCA8FCB4" box="[678,769,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 3.13.22" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[391,1188,189,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[386,1202,181,1461]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 3.13.22. Mid tibial chaetotaxy of macropterous Australian species of Howickia. 3.1, H. acicula sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.2, H. biantenna sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.3, H. brevior (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.4, H. capitalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.5, H. erythrocephala sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral female; 3.6, H. flaviterga (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.7, H. fuscalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.8, H. grandisterna sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.9, H. hardyina (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.10, H. kurandensis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.11, H. myrmecophila (Knab &amp; Malloch), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.12, H. nitidipleura (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.13, H. percostata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.14, H. pertusa sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.15, H. pseudovittata sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.16, H. subsinuata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.17, H. symmetrica (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male; 3.18, H. trivittata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.19, H. vernalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.20, H. wamini sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.21, H. wilsoni (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.22, H. xanthocephala sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female. Scale bars indicate 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138660/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 3.13</figureCitation>
). R 2+3 evenly sinuate, distal curve with same curvature as basal curve (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FF529021FEEDFC96" box="[233,324,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 17.117.5" captionStartId="67.[152,270,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-19@67.[151,1436,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 17.117.5. Howickia pertusa sp. nov. 17.1, male habitus, lateral; 17.2, male head, anterolateral; 17.3, male S58, ventral; 17.4, male terminalia, lateral; 17.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138750/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 17.6</figureCitation>
). Male preabdominal sclerites with enlarged punctures at the base of each seta (as in
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FBC89021FB63FC96" box="[1139,1226,855,877]" captionStart="FIGURES 17.117.5" captionStartId="67.[152,270,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-19@67.[151,1436,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURES 17.117.5. Howickia pertusa sp. nov. 17.1, male habitus, lateral; 17.2, male head, anterolateral; 17.3, male S58, ventral; 17.4, male terminalia, lateral; 17.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138750/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 17.3</figureCitation>
)..........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FBDF9000FB60FC70" ID-CoL="BD3LK" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1124,1225,886,907]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertusa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FBDF9000FB60FC70" box="[1124,1225,886,907]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. pertusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FB749003FAB5FC71" bold="true" box="[1231,1308,885,906]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCDAD29FB749003FAB5FC71" box="[1231,1308,885,906]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NSW, TAS)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C90E5FA35FC19" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C90E5FA35FC19" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- Mid tibia with 3 dorsal setae in proximal half (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FD1990E4FD58FC5C" box="[674,753,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 3.13.22" captionStartId="22.[152,270,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[391,1188,189,1455]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[386,1202,181,1461]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 3.13.22. Mid tibial chaetotaxy of macropterous Australian species of Howickia. 3.1, H. acicula sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.2, H. biantenna sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.3, H. brevior (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.4, H. capitalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.5, H. erythrocephala sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral female; 3.6, H. flaviterga (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.7, H. fuscalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.8, H. grandisterna sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.9, H. hardyina (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.10, H. kurandensis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.11, H. myrmecophila (Knab &amp; Malloch), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.12, H. nitidipleura (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.13, H. percostata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.14, H. pertusa sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.15, H. pseudovittata sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.16, H. subsinuata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.17, H. symmetrica (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male; 3.18, H. trivittata (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.19, H. vernalis (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.20, H. wamini sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.21, H. wilsoni (Richards), a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female; 3.22, H. xanthocephala sp. nov., a) dorsal, male, b) lateral male, c) lateral, female. Scale bars indicate 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138660/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 3.2</figureCitation>
). R 2+3 with distal curve much stronger than basal curve (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FAB790E4FAF2FC53" box="[1292,1371,914,936]" captionStart="FIGURES 5.15.5" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 5.15.5. Howickia biantenna sp. nov. 5.1, male habitus, lateral; 5.2, male head, anterolateral; 5.3, male S58, ventral; 5.4, male terminalia, lateral; 5.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 5.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138670" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138670/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 5.6</figureCitation>
). Male preabdominal sclerites with seta arising from normal sockets, not enlarged as in
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC5E90C6FBE3FC3E" ID-CoL="BD3LK" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[997,1098,944,965]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertusa">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC5E90C6FBE3FC3E" box="[997,1098,944,965]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. pertusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FBEC90D9FB0AFC3E" box="[1111,1187,943,965]" captionStart="FIGURES 5.15.5" captionStartId="27.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 5.15.5. Howickia biantenna sp. nov. 5.1, male habitus, lateral; 5.2, male head, anterolateral; 5.3, male S58, ventral; 5.4, male terminalia, lateral; 5.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 5.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138670" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138670/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 5.3</figureCitation>
)............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FBF790B8FB60FC19" ID-CoL="BD3KQ" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1100,1225,973,995]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biantenna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FBF790B8FB60FC19" box="[1100,1225,973,995]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. biantenna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FB7490BBFAB5FC19" bold="true" box="[1231,1308,973,994]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCDAD29FB7490BBFAB5FC19" box="[1231,1308,973,994]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NSW, TAS)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C909CFA35FBE6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C909CFA35FC04" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1002,1024]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C909CFA35FC04" box="[151,1436,1002,1024]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">18 Basal half of mid tibia with 4 dorsal bristles (2 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal)..................................... 19</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C977EFA35FBE6" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1031,1053]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C977EFA35FBE6" box="[151,1436,1031,1053]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">- Basal half of mid tibia with 3 dorsal bristles (2 anterodorsal, 1 posterodorsal)..................................... 21</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C9753FA35FB36" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9753FA34FB8E" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9753FA34FB8E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
19 CS2 0.70.8x length of CS3; R
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCDAD29FDBC9742FDB5FBBB" attach="left" box="[519,540,1076,1088]" fontSize="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">2+3</subScript>
separated from costa by 2x costal width (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FC189753FC58FBC0" box="[931,1009,1061,1083]" captionStart="FIGURES 7.17.2" captionStartId="33.[152,270,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,181,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-19@33.[170,1418,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 7.17.2. Howickia capitalis (Richards). 7.1, female habitus, lateral; 7.2, female head, anterolateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138690/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 7.6</figureCitation>
). Frontal width 2.2x its height.Anepisternum with a shining spot on anterior margin. Halter entirely dark brown. Male mid tibia with a double row of stout ventral setae along distal two-thirds................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC7F9716FA34FB8E" ID-CoL="BD3KS" authority="(Richards, 1973) (ACT, NSW, QLD)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[964,1437,1119,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitalis">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC7F9716FB9CFB8F" box="[964,1077,1119,1141]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. capitalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FBFA9729FB7CFB8E" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1089,1237,1119,1141]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (ACT, NSW, QLD)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C970BFA35FB36" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C970BFA35FB36" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- CS2 1.01.3x length of CS3; R
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCDAD29FDA297FAFD87FB63" attach="left" box="[537,558,1164,1176]" fontSize="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">2+3</subScript>
separated from costa by 35x costal width (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FC51970BFBE6FB68" box="[1002,1103,1149,1171]" captionStart="FIGURES 16.116.5" captionStartId="64.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-33@64.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 16.116.5. Howickia percostata (Richards). 16.1, male habitus, lateral; 16.2, male head, anterolateral; 16.3, male S58, ventral; 16.4, male terminalia, lateral; 16.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138740/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 16.6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FBE0970BFB20FB69" box="[1115,1161,1149,1170]" captionStart="FIGURES 24.124.3" captionStartId="90.[152,270,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-33@90.[164,1424,181,1926]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 24.124.3. Howickia wilsoni (Richards). 24.1, female habitus, lateral; 24.2, female head, anterolateral, 24.3, left wing. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm. Photo credit: R. Cox." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138794/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">24.3</figureCitation>
). Frontal width 2.5x height. Anepisternum evenly microtrichose throughout. Halter pale brown with white apex. Male mid tibia with a double row of stout ventral setae along distal half only....................................................................... 20
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C97A3FA34FAB9" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C97A3FA34FAFC" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C97A3FA34FAFC" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
20 CS2 1.0x length of CS3; M
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCDAD29FE469792FDADFB0B" attach="left" box="[509,516,1252,1264]" fontSize="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">1</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCDAD29FDEB9792FDFEFB0B" attach="left" box="[592,599,1252,1264]" fontSize="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">4</subScript>
well separated from wing margin (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FC7A97A3FBB6FB11" box="[961,1055,1237,1259]" captionStart="FIGURES 24.124.3" captionStartId="90.[152,270,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-33@90.[164,1424,181,1926]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 24.124.3. Howickia wilsoni (Richards). 24.1, female habitus, lateral; 24.2, female head, anterolateral, 24.3, left wing. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm. Photo credit: R. Cox." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138794/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 24.3</figureCitation>
). Male preabdominal sclerites heavily sclerotized................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FBFC9785FA34FAFC" ID-CoL="BD3LZ" authority="(Richards, 1973) (NSW)" authorityName="NSW" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1095,1437,1266,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FBFC9785FB00FAFC" box="[1095,1193,1266,1288]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. wilsoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FB0D9784FAE3FAFC" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1206,1354,1266,1288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (NSW)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9666FA34FAB9" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9666FA34FAB9" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- CS2 1.3x length of CS3; M 1 and M 4 extending close to wing margin (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FCC79679FC7EFADE" box="[892,983,1295,1317]" captionStart="FIGURES 16.116.5" captionStartId="64.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-33@64.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 16.116.5. Howickia percostata (Richards). 16.1, male habitus, lateral; 16.2, male head, anterolateral; 16.3, male S58, ventral; 16.4, male terminalia, lateral; 16.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138740/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 16.6</figureCitation>
). Male preabdominal sclerites desclerotized.........................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC3A9658FA34FAB9" ID-CoL="BD3LH" authority="(Richards, 1973) (NSW, QLD, TAS, VIC)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[897,1437,1325,1347]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="percostata">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC3A9658FBABFAB8" box="[897,1026,1326,1347]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. percostata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FBB4965BFB0AFAB9" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1039,1187,1325,1347]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (NSW, QLD, TAS, VIC)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C963CFA35F9F4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C963CFA35FA4C" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C963CFA35FA4C" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
21 Preabdominal sclerites heavily sclerotized (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FD21963CFD50FAA4" box="[666,761,1354,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES 10.110.5" captionStartId="42.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-33@42.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 10.110.5. Howickia fuscalis (Richards). 10.1, male habitus, lateral; 10.2, male head, anterolateral; 10.3, male S58, ventral; 10.4, male terminalia, lateral; 10.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138704" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138704/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10.1</figureCitation>
). Head with a shining spot on either side of the ocellar triangle. Anepisternum, katepisternum and anepimeron largely bare and shiny. R 2+3 strongly sinuate with the basal half evenly curved before bending upwards towards the costa at a distinct angle (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FC8996F3FC24FA60" box="[818,909,1413,1435]" captionStart="FIGURES 10.110.5" captionStartId="42.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-33@42.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 10.110.5. Howickia fuscalis (Richards). 10.1, male habitus, lateral; 10.2, male head, anterolateral; 10.3, male S58, ventral; 10.4, male terminalia, lateral; 10.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138704" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138704/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10.6</figureCitation>
); halter dark brown..........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC6F96D5FA35FA4C" ID-CoL="BD3L5" authority="(Richards, 1973) (ACT, NSW, TAS)" authorityName="ACT, NSW, TAS" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[980,1436,1442,1464]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscalis">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC6F96D5FB93FA4C" box="[980,1082,1442,1464]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. fuscalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FBFC96D4FB72FA4C" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1095,1243,1442,1464]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (ACT, NSW, TAS)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C96B6FA35F9F4" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C96B6FA35F9F4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- Preabdominal sclerites (especially tergites) desclerotized/reduced at least marginally, though T12 usually desclerotized medially (as in
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FECD96ABFE6BFA09" box="[374,450,1501,1523]" captionStart="FIGURES 9.19.5" captionStartId="39.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[147,1440,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 9.19.5. Howickia flaviterga (Richards). 9.1, male habitus, lateral; 9.2, male head, anterolateral; 9.3, male S58, ventral; 9.4, male terminalia, lateral; 9.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138700" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138700/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9.1</figureCitation>
). Head evenly microtrichose around the ocellar triangle. Anepisternum, katepisternum and anepimeron entirely dull. R 2+3 more gently sinuate, largely running parallel to the costa (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FC02968CFBA6F9EB" box="[953,1039,1530,1552]" captionStart="FIGURES 4.14.5" captionStartId="24.[152,270,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,181,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-33@24.[181,1406,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 4.14.5. Howickia acicula sp. nov. 4.1, male habitus, lateral; 4.2, male head, anterolateral; 4.3, male S58, ventral; 4.4, male terminalia, lateral; 4.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Abbreviations: bas—basiphallus, cer—cercus, dist—distiphallus, epa—epandrium, hyp—hypandrium, phal—phallapodeme, post—postgonite, S—sternite, sur—surstylus. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138664/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 4.6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FBA2968CFB90F9EB" box="[1049,1081,1530,1552]" captionStart="FIGURES 9.19.5" captionStartId="39.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[147,1440,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 9.19.5. Howickia flaviterga (Richards). 9.1, male habitus, lateral; 9.2, male head, anterolateral; 9.3, male S58, ventral; 9.4, male terminalia, lateral; 9.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138700" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138700/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">9.6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FBF8968CFBD9F9EB" box="[1091,1136,1530,1552]" captionStart="FIGURES 11.111.5" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-33@46.[153,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 11.111.5. Howickia grandisterna sp. nov. 11.1, male habitus, lateral; 11.2, male head, anterolateral; 11.3, male S58, ventral; 11.4, male terminalia, lateral; 11.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138710" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138710/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">11.6</figureCitation>
); halter white/pale brown.. 22
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C956EFA35F959" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C956EFA34F99C" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C956EFA34F99C" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
22 Dorsocentral bristles separated by 78 rows of acrostichal setulae. R 2+3 meeting costa at a sharper (≤60˚) angle (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FAB69561FAF2F9D6" box="[1293,1371,1559,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 9.19.5" captionStartId="39.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[147,1440,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 9.19.5. Howickia flaviterga (Richards). 9.1, male habitus, lateral; 9.2, male head, anterolateral; 9.3, male S58, ventral; 9.4, male terminalia, lateral; 9.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138700" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138700/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9.6</figureCitation>
). Male T2 &amp; T3 largely desclerotized posteromedially, lateral edges usually intact. Body often more reddish............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FC379525FA34F99C" authority="(Richards, 1973) (ACT, NSW, TAS, VIC)" authorityName="ACT, NSW, TAS, VIC" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[908,1437,1618,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Australimosina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviterga">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FC379525FBACF99C" box="[908,1029,1618,1640]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. flaviterga</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCDAD29FBA99524FB0FF99C" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1042,1190,1618,1640]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (ACT, NSW, TAS, VIC)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9506FA35F959" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9506FA35F959" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- Dorsocentral bristles separated by 46 rows of acrostichal setulae. R 2+3 meeting costa at a steeper (≥70˚) angle (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FABD9519FAF5F97E" box="[1286,1372,1647,1669]" captionStart="FIGURES 4.14.5" captionStartId="24.[152,270,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,181,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-33@24.[181,1406,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 4.14.5. Howickia acicula sp. nov. 4.1, male habitus, lateral; 4.2, male head, anterolateral; 4.3, male S58, ventral; 4.4, male terminalia, lateral; 4.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Abbreviations: bas—basiphallus, cer—cercus, dist—distiphallus, epa—epandrium, hyp—hypandrium, phal—phallapodeme, post—postgonite, S—sternite, sur—surstylus. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138664/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 4.6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FADE9519FA3BF97E" box="[1381,1426,1647,1669]" captionStart="FIGURES 11.111.5" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-33@46.[153,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 11.111.5. Howickia grandisterna sp. nov. 11.1, male habitus, lateral; 11.2, male head, anterolateral; 11.3, male S58, ventral; 11.4, male terminalia, lateral; 11.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138710" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138710/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">11.6</figureCitation>
). Only male T2 desclerotized medially. Body dark brown...................................................... 23
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C95DCFA34F8EC" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C95DCFA34F926" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C95DCFA34F926" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
23 Acrostichal setulae long and sparse, in 4 rows; R 2+3 separated from costa by 2x costal width (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FBC795DCFB64F93B" box="[1148,1229,1706,1728]" captionStart="FIGURES 4.14.5" captionStartId="24.[152,270,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,181,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-33@24.[181,1406,181,1877]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 4.14.5. Howickia acicula sp. nov. 4.1, male habitus, lateral; 4.2, male head, anterolateral; 4.3, male S58, ventral; 4.4, male terminalia, lateral; 4.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Abbreviations: bas—basiphallus, cer—cercus, dist—distiphallus, epa—epandrium, hyp—hypandrium, phal—phallapodeme, post—postgonite, S—sternite, sur—surstylus. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138664/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4.6</figureCitation>
). Hind tarsus usually lighter than tibia..................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FB1F95BEFAA1F927" ID-CoL="BD3KM" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1188,1288,1735,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acicula" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FB1F95BEFAA1F927" box="[1188,1288,1735,1757]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FAB595BEFAF2F926" bold="true" box="[1294,1371,1736,1757]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCDAD29FAB595BEFAF2F926" box="[1294,1371,1736,1757]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(TAS)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9593FA34F8EC" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9593FA34F8EC" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- Acrostichal setulae short and dense, in 6 rows; R
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCDAD29FD799582FD7EF8FB" attach="left" box="[706,727,1780,1792]" fontSize="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">2+3</subScript>
separated from costa by 4x costal width (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FBC89593FB66F900" box="[1139,1231,1765,1787]" captionStart="FIGURES 11.111.5" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-33@46.[153,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 11.111.5. Howickia grandisterna sp. nov. 11.1, male habitus, lateral; 11.2, male head, anterolateral; 11.3, male S58, ventral; 11.4, male terminalia, lateral; 11.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138710" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138710/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 11.6</figureCitation>
). Hind tarsus usually concolourous with tibia........................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FBD49475FAA1F8EC" ID-CoL="BD3L6" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1135,1288,1794,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandisterna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FBD49475FAA1F8EC" box="[1135,1288,1794,1816]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. grandisterna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FAB59474FAF2F8EC" bold="true" box="[1294,1371,1794,1815]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCDAD29FAB59474FAF2F8EC" box="[1294,1371,1794,1815]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(TAS)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCDAD29FF2C9456FA35F81E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C9456FA34F894" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C9456FA34F894" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
24 Halter reduced but distinct, pure white; wing extending to posterior margin of T3, all veins present (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FB0B9469FAA5F8CE" box="[1200,1292,1823,1845]" captionStart="FIGURES 26.126.2" captionStartId="95.[152,270,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,181,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@95.[170,1418,181,1909]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURES 26.126.2. Howickia cruspica sp. nov. 26.1, female habitus, lateral; 26.2, female head, anterolateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138805/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 26.1</figureCitation>
). Head yellow, paler than body; all tarsi dirty white. Basal half of mid tibia with 5 dorsal bristles (2 pairs); hind tibia with a large preapical ventral spur......................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCDAD29FB21942DFAA2F88B" ID-CoL="BD3KT" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1178,1291,1883,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruspica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FB21942DFAA2F88B" box="[1178,1291,1883,1904]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">H. cruspica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCDAD29FAAB942CFAF4F894" bold="true" box="[1296,1373,1882,1903]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCDAD29FAAB942CFAF4F894" box="[1296,1373,1882,1903]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(VIC)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCDAD29FF2C940EFA35F81E" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCDAD29FF2C940EFA35F81E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
- Halter absent or minute (brown or white if present); wing very small, extending to just past anterior edge of T2, wing veins reduced, at most costa, R
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCDAD29FE6494D2FE4FF84B" attach="left" box="[479,486,1956,1968]" fontSize="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">1</subScript>
, R
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCDAD29FDBE94D2FDB3F84B" attach="left" box="[517,538,1956,1968]" fontSize="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">2+3</subScript>
, and M
<subScript id="1B7C2827FFCDAD29FDD194D2FD29F84B" attach="left" box="[618,640,1956,1968]" fontSize="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">1+2</subScript>
present (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FD6594E3FCEDF850" box="[734,836,1941,1963]" captionStart="FIGURES 27.127.5" captionStartId="98.[152,270,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-33@98.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURES 27.127.5. Howickia pinnula sp. nov. 27.1, male habitus, lateral; 27.2, male head, anterolateral; 27.3, male S58, ventral; 27.4, male terminalia, lateral; 27.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138811/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs. 27.6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCDAD29FCEB94E3FCD7F851" box="[848,894,1941,1962]" captionStart="FIGURES 28.128.6" captionStartId="101.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@101.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="101" captionText="FIGURES 28.128.6. Howickia sabina (Richards). 28.1, male habitus, lateral; 28.2, male head, anterolateral; 29.3, right wing; 28.4, male S58, ventral; 28.5, male terminalia, lateral; 28.6, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Body and head scale bars indicate 0.5 mm, wing scale bar indicates 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138821/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">28.3</figureCitation>
). Head orange-brown, not much paler than body; tarsi brownish, at most only fore tarsi whitish. Basal half of mid tibia with 23 dorsal bristles (1 pair); hind tibia without preapical ventral spur......................................................................................... 25
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C93E1FA34FEFE" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C93E1FA34FF31" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C93E1FA34FF31" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
25 One orbital bristle; frons with 4 pale yellow stripes (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FD5B93E1FC95FF56" box="[736,828,151,173]" captionStart="FIGURES 28.128.6" captionStartId="101.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@101.[166,1422,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="101" captionText="FIGURES 28.128.6. Howickia sabina (Richards). 28.1, male habitus, lateral; 28.2, male head, anterolateral; 29.3, right wing; 28.4, male S58, ventral; 28.5, male terminalia, lateral; 28.6, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Body and head scale bars indicate 0.5 mm, wing scale bar indicates 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138821/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 28.2</figureCitation>
); 3 interfrontal bristles (middle pair largest with tips crossing). One dorsocentral bristle. Halter completely absent or present as minute dark brown scale..
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBE393C3FA34FF31" ID-CoL="4B8K3" authority="(Richards, 1973) (VIC)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1112,1437,181,203]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Otwayia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sabina">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBE393C3FB1FFF31" box="[1112,1206,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. sabina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FB7993C3FAFFFF31" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1218,1366,181,203]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (VIC)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C93A5FA34FEFE" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C93A5FA34FEFE" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Two orbital bristles; frons without pale stripes, darkened along interfrontal plates (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FC4F93A4FBE6FF1C" box="[1012,1103,210,232]" captionStart="FIGURES 27.127.5" captionStartId="98.[152,270,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-33@98.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURES 27.127.5. Howickia pinnula sp. nov. 27.1, male habitus, lateral; 27.2, male head, anterolateral; 27.3, male S58, ventral; 27.4, male terminalia, lateral; 27.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138811/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 27.2</figureCitation>
); 3 interfrontal bristles (posterior 2 large but tips separated). Two dorsocentral bristles. Halter present as minute white knob.........
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FB1A9386FAA1FEFF" ID-CoL="BD3LL" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1185,1288,239,261]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinnula" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FB1A9386FAA1FEFF" box="[1185,1288,239,261]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. pinnula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FAB59386FAF2FEFE" bold="true" box="[1294,1371,240,261]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FAB59386FAF2FEFE" box="[1294,1371,240,261]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(TAS)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C927BFA35FEC4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C927BFA35FED9" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C927BFA35FED9" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">26 One orbital bristle.................................................................................... 27</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C925DFA35FEC4" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,298,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C925DFA35FEC4" box="[151,1436,298,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">- Two orbital bristles, anterior pair sometimes small or very fine................................................ 33</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C923EFA35FE29" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C923EFA34FE81" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C923EFA34FE81" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
27 Halter present but small (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FE6F9231FD86FEA6" box="[468,559,327,349]" captionStart="FIGURES 30.130.5" captionStartId="106.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-33@106.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURES 30.130.5. Howickia australis (Papp). 30.1, male habitus, lateral; 30.2, male head, anterolateral; 30.3, male S58, ventral; 30.4, male terminalia, lateral; 30.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 30.4b, left cercus, posterior; 30.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138829/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 30.1</figureCitation>
). Interfrontal bristles very fine and clustered towards lower half of frons; head shiny yellow and thorax shining reddish-brown................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBD19213FA34FE81" ID-CoL="FYJ2" authority="(Papp, 1979) (VIC)" baseAuthorityName="Papp" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1130,1437,357,378]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Apterobiroina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBD19213FB72FE81" box="[1130,1243,357,378]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. australis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FB539213FAFFFE81" author="Papp, L." box="[1256,1366,357,378]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="357 - 374" refId="ref93797" refString="Papp, L. (1979) On apterous and reduced-winged forms of the families Drosophilidae, Ephydridae and Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 25 (1), 357 - 374." type="journal article" year="1979">Papp, 1979</bibRefCitation>
) (VIC)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C92F5FA35FE29" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C92F5FA35FE29" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Halter absent (as in
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FE1592F4FDA2FE6C" box="[430,523,386,408]" captionStart="FIGURES 29.129.5" captionStartId="103.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@103.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURES 29.129.5. Howickia auricoma sp. nov. 29.1, male habitus, lateral; 29.2, male head, anterolateral; 29.3, male S58, ventral; 29.4, male terminalia, lateral; 29.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 29.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138823/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 29.1</figureCitation>
). Interfrontal bristles usually larger, if fine then more evenly spaced on frons, not clustered towards front; head and thorax usually concolourous or nearly so, but if head yellow and thorax brown then both dull with microtrichia......................................................................................... 28
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C92ACFA35FDF6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C92ACFA35FE14" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,474,496]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C92ACFA35FE14" box="[151,1436,474,496]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">28 Thorax dark brown or black, head brown or orange......................................................... 29</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C928EFA35FDF6" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,503,525]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C928EFA35FDF6" box="[151,1436,503,525]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">- Thorax yellow to yellow-brown, head yellow to yellow brown................................................ 31</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C9163FA35FD79" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9163FA35FDBC" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9163FA35FDBC" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
29 Frons brown or gold but always with 5 pale yellow stripes (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FCFA9163FC4BFDD0" box="[833,994,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURES 42.142.6" captionStartId="135.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@135.[189,1399,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURES 42.142.6. Howickia regalis (Richards). 42.1, light morph male habitus, lateral; 42.2, light morph male head, anterolateral; 42.3, dark morph male habitus, lateral; 42.4, dark morph male head, anterolateral; 42.5, darkest morph male habitus, lateral; 42.6, darkest morph male head, anterolateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138891/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 42.4, 42.6</figureCitation>
); frontal vitta dulled from rugose surface or microtomentum.......................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBAA9145FAB0FDBC" ID-CoL="LJ3K" authority="(Richards, 1973)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1041,1305,562,584]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Bentrovata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regalis">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBAA9145FBD9FDBC" box="[1041,1136,562,584]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. regalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FBC79144FABBFDBC" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1148,1298,562,584]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, in part (WA)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9126FA35FD79" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9126FA35FD79" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Frons reddish to orange-brown and plain, never with pale yellow stripes (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FC1B9139FBABFD9E" box="[928,1026,591,613]" captionStart="FIGURES 29.129.5" captionStartId="103.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-19@103.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURES 29.129.5. Howickia auricoma sp. nov. 29.1, male habitus, lateral; 29.2, male head, anterolateral; 29.3, male S58, ventral; 29.4, male terminalia, lateral; 29.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 29.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138823/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 29.2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FBB79126FB93FD9E" box="[1036,1082,592,613]" captionStart="FIGURES 44.144.5" captionStartId="142.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-33@142.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="142" captionText="FIGURES 44.144.5. Howickia tricolor sp. nov. 44.1, male habitus, lateral; 44.2, male head, anterior; 44.3, male S58, ventral; 44.4, male terminalia, lateral; 44.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Body scale bar indicates 0.5 mm, head scale bar indicates 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138899/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">44.2</figureCitation>
); frontal vitta shiny, either smooth or finely rugose........................................................................................ 30
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C91FCFA34FD03" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C91FCFA34FD46" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C91FCFA34FD46" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
30 Head reddish, thorax black; frons with 34 narrowly separated interfrontal bristles (all subequal); face centrally concave. Legs mostly black...............................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBE991DEFB65FD46" ID-CoL="BD3KN" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1106,1228,680,701]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auricoma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBE991DEFB65FD46" box="[1106,1228,680,701]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. auricoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FB6A91DEFAB7FD46" bold="true" box="[1233,1310,680,701]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FB6A91DEFAB7FD46" box="[1233,1310,680,701]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NSW, VIC)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C91B3FA34FD03" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C91B3FA34FD03" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Head brown, thorax yellow/orange; frons with 3 widely separated interfrontal bristles (first pair smallest); face centrally convex. Legs mostly yellow................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FC669195FBEAFD0C" ID-CoL="BD3LS" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[989,1091,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FC669195FBEAFD0C" box="[989,1091,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. tricolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBF19194FB3FFD0C" bold="true" box="[1098,1174,738,759]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FBF19194FB3FFD0C" box="[1098,1174,738,759]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NSWLord Howe Island)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C9076FA35FC96" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9076FA35FCC9" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9076FA35FCC9" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
31 Anepisternum yellow with katatergite and lower two-thirds of katepimeron dark brown (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FBF89189FB36FCEE" box="[1091,1183,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 36.136.5" captionStartId="119.[152,270,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-19@119.[151,1436,181,1898]" captionTargetPageId="119" captionText="FIGURES 36.136.5. Howickia flavithorax (Papp). 36.1, male habitus, lateral; 36.2, male head, anterolateral; 36.3, male S58, ventral; 36.4, male terminalia, lateral; 36.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138855/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 36.1</figureCitation>
). Interfrontal bristles very fine and subequal in length....................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBE3906BFA35FCC9" ID-CoL="BD3L4" authority="(Papp, 2021) (WA)" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Papp" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1112,1436,797,818]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavithorax">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBE3906BFB76FCC9" box="[1112,1247,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. flavithorax</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FB57906BFAF3FCC9" author="Papp, L." box="[1260,1370,797,818]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="101 - 117" refId="ref93990" refString="Papp, L. (2021) New species of Apterobiroina L. Papp and Bentrovata Richards (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) from Australia. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 67 (2), 101 - 117. https: // doi. org / 10.17109 / AZH. 67.2.101.2021" type="journal article" year="2021">Papp, 2021</bibRefCitation>
) (WA)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C904DFA35FC96" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C904DFA35FC96" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Anepisternum and katepimeron entirely yellow to brownish with dark brown katatergite (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FB81904CFB35FCB4" box="[1082,1180,826,848]" captionStart="FIGURES 42.142.6" captionStartId="135.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@135.[189,1399,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURES 42.142.6. Howickia regalis (Richards). 42.1, light morph male habitus, lateral; 42.2, light morph male head, anterolateral; 42.3, dark morph male habitus, lateral; 42.4, dark morph male head, anterolateral; 42.5, darkest morph male habitus, lateral; 42.6, darkest morph male head, anterolateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138891/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 42.1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FB1D904CFB7DFCB4" box="[1190,1236,826,847]" captionStart="FIGURES 43.143.5" captionStartId="139.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-19@139.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="139" captionText="FIGURES 43.143.5. Howickia robustaseta sp. nov. 43.1, male habitus, lateral; 43.2, male head, anterolateral; 43.3, male S58, ventral; 43.4, male terminalia, lateral; 43.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138895/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">43.1</figureCitation>
). Interfrontal bristles with anterior-most pair smaller than posterior pairs.......................................................... 32
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C9003FA34FC18" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9003FA35FC5C" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9003FA35FC5C" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
32 Frons brownish with 5 pale yellow stripes; eye large, ocelli present; bristles on head narrow (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FBF39003FB0BFC71" box="[1096,1186,885,907]" captionStart="FIGURES 42.142.6" captionStartId="135.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@135.[189,1399,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURES 42.142.6. Howickia regalis (Richards). 42.1, light morph male habitus, lateral; 42.2, light morph male head, anterolateral; 42.3, dark morph male habitus, lateral; 42.4, dark morph male head, anterolateral; 42.5, darkest morph male habitus, lateral; 42.6, darkest morph male head, anterolateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138891/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 42.2</figureCitation>
). Eight rows of acrostichal setulae present.......................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBAA90E5FAB0FC5C" ID-CoL="LJ3K" authority="(Richards, 1973)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1041,1305,914,936]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Bentrovata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regalis">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBAA90E5FBD9FC5C" box="[1041,1136,914,936]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. regalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FBC790E4FABBFC5C" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1148,1298,914,936]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, in part (WA)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C90C6FA34FC18" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C90C6FA34FC18" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Frons plain yellow; eye reduced, ocelli absent and replaced by diverging setulae; bristles on head stout (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FB7A90D9FAB5FC3E" box="[1217,1308,943,965]" captionStart="FIGURES 43.143.5" captionStartId="139.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-19@139.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="139" captionText="FIGURES 43.143.5. Howickia robustaseta sp. nov. 43.1, male habitus, lateral; 43.2, male head, anterolateral; 43.3, male S58, ventral; 43.4, male terminalia, lateral; 43.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138895/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 43.2</figureCitation>
). Ten rows of acrostichal setulae present.......................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FC0C90BBFBEAFC19" ID-CoL="BD3LN" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[951,1091,973,994]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustaseta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FC0C90BBFBEAFC19" box="[951,1091,973,994]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. robustaseta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBF190BBFB3FFC19" bold="true" box="[1098,1174,973,994]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FBF190BBFB3FFC19" box="[1098,1174,973,994]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NSWLord Howe Island)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C909CFA35FBE6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C909CFA35FC04" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1002,1024]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C909CFA35FC04" box="[151,1436,1002,1024]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
33 Frons with stripes contrasting with base colour (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FD0B909CFCBBFC04" box="[688,786,1002,1024]" captionStart="FIGURES 38.138.5" captionStartId="125.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-19@125.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="125" captionText="FIGURES 38.138.5. Howickia irwini sp. nov. 38.1, male habitus, lateral; 38.2, male head, anterolateral; 38.3, male S58, ventral; 38.4, male terminalia, lateral; 38.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 38.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138871/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 38.2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FCA7909CFCE1FC04" box="[796,840,1002,1023]" captionStart="FIGURES 43.143.5" captionStartId="139.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-19@139.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="139" captionText="FIGURES 43.143.5. Howickia robustaseta sp. nov. 43.1, male habitus, lateral; 43.2, male head, anterolateral; 43.3, male S58, ventral; 43.4, male terminalia, lateral; 43.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138895/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">43.2</figureCitation>
)............................................... 34
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C977EFA35FBE6" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1031,1053]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C977EFA35FBE6" box="[151,1436,1031,1053]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Frons without stripes (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FE019771FDB5FBE6" box="[442,540,1031,1053]" captionStart="FIGURES 34.134.5" captionStartId="115.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-19@115.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="115" captionText="FIGURES 34.134.5. Howickia flagella sp. nov. 34.1, male habitus, lateral; 34.2, male head, anterolateral; 34.3, male S58, ventral; 34.4, male terminalia, lateral; 34.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 34.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138845/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 34.2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FD9D977EFDFBFBE6" box="[550,594,1032,1053]" captionStart="FIGURES 37.137.5" captionStartId="122.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-33@122.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="122" captionText="FIGURES 37.137.5. Howickia holti sp. nov. 37.1, male habitus, lateral; 37.2, male head, anterolateral; 37.3, male S58, ventral; 37.4, male terminalia, lateral; 37.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 37.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138861/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">37.2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FDE7977EFD21FBE6" box="[604,648,1032,1053]" captionStart="FIGURES 40.140.5" captionStartId="129.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-19@129.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 40.140.5. Howickia notechis sp. nov. 40.1, female habitus, lateral; 40.2, female head, anterolateral; 40.3, male S58, ventral; 40.4, male terminalia, lateral; 40.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138883/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">40.2</figureCitation>
)............................................................... 35
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C9753FA34FB54" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9753FA34FB8E" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9753FA34FB8E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
34 Frons yellow without microtrichose stripes, but with 2 brown arches creating an M-shape around interfrontal bristles, sections between the interfrontals darkest (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FD929734FD2DFBA3" box="[553,644,1090,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 45.145.5" captionStartId="144.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-33@144.[151,1436,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="144" captionText="FIGURES 45.145.5. Howickia truemani sp. nov. 45.1, male habitus, lateral; 45.2, male head, anterolateral; 45.3, male S58, ventral; 45.4, male terminalia, lateral; 45.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138903/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 45.2</figureCitation>
); face with a brown, transverse, median stripe; lower half of gena dark brown.................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FB2F9716FAA1FB8E" ID-CoL="BD3LV" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1172,1288,1120,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truemani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FB2F9716FAA1FB8E" box="[1172,1288,1120,1141]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. truemani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FAB59716FAF2FB8E" bold="true" box="[1294,1371,1120,1141]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FAB59716FAF2FB8E" box="[1294,1371,1120,1141]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(TAS)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C970BFA34FB54" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C970BFA34FB54" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Frons caramel-brown with 5 golden microtomentose stripes (orbital stripes narrow and connecting to frontal vitta stripe around ocelli) (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FE9797ECFE2EFB54" box="[300,391,1178,1200]" captionStart="FIGURES 38.138.5" captionStartId="125.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-19@125.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="125" captionText="FIGURES 38.138.5. Howickia irwini sp. nov. 38.1, male habitus, lateral; 38.2, male head, anterolateral; 38.3, male S58, ventral; 38.4, male terminalia, lateral; 38.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 38.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138871/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 38.2</figureCitation>
); face yellow, without a dark median stripe; gena entirely yellow...............
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FB1397EDFB57FB4B" ID-CoL="BD3L8" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1192,1278,1179,1200]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irwini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FB1397EDFB57FB4B" box="[1192,1278,1179,1200]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. irwini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FABF97ECFAF8FB54" bold="true" box="[1284,1361,1178,1199]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FABF97ECFAF8FB54" box="[1284,1361,1178,1199]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NSW)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C97C1FA35FB11" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C97C1FA35FB36" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1207,1229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C97C1FA35FB36" box="[151,1436,1207,1229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">35 Halter present at least in a vestigial form, with a knob....................................................... 36</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C97A3FA35FB11" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1237,1259]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C97A3FA35FB11" box="[151,1436,1237,1259]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">- Halter completely absent.............................................................................. 39</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C9784FA35FADE" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9784FA35FAFC" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1266,1288]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9784FA35FAFC" box="[151,1436,1266,1288]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">36 Body dark, head yellow to orange and contrasting with thorax................................................. 37</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9666FA35FADE" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1295,1317]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9666FA35FADE" box="[151,1436,1295,1317]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">- Body pale, at most abdomen dark but head and thorax always concolourous...................................... 38</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C965BFA34FA61" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C965BFA34FAA4" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C965BFA34FAA4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
37 Large species (
<quantity id="40008787FFCCAD28FED4965BFE4FFAB9" box="[367,486,1325,1346]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.7">2.73.8 mm</quantity>
). Palpus greatly swollen and leaf-shaped. Legs entirely dark brown. Wing present as a minute, scalelike knob (smaller than apex of halter).................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FB20963DFAA1FAA4" ID-CoL="BD3LF" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1179,1288,1354,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="notechis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FB20963DFAA1FAA4" box="[1179,1288,1354,1376]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. notechis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FAB5963CFAF2FAA4" bold="true" box="[1294,1371,1354,1375]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FAB5963CFAF2FAA4" box="[1294,1371,1354,1375]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(TAS)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C961EFA34FA61" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C961EFA34FA61" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Small species (
<quantity id="40008787FFCCAD28FEC9961EFE43FA86" box="[370,490,1384,1405]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.3">1.31.8 mm</quantity>
). Palpus elongate, not distinctly swollen. Legs yellow with fore tibia darker. Wing entirely absent..........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBDC96F3FA34FA61" ID-CoL="BD3L2" authority="(Papp, 2021) (NSW)" baseAuthorityName="Papp" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1127,1437,1413,1434]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBDC96F3FB66FA61" box="[1127,1231,1413,1434]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. flavipes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FB6796F3FAE3FA61" author="Papp, L." box="[1244,1354,1413,1434]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="101 - 117" refId="ref93990" refString="Papp, L. (2021) New species of Apterobiroina L. Papp and Bentrovata Richards (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) from Australia. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 67 (2), 101 - 117. https: // doi. org / 10.17109 / AZH. 67.2.101.2021" type="journal article" year="2021">Papp, 2021</bibRefCitation>
) (NSW)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C96D4FA34F9F4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C96D4FA34FA2E" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C96D4FA34FA2E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
38 Katatergite pale, concolourous with rest of thorax; abdomen pale reddish. Halter noticeably reduced, brown...............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FB0896B6FAA1FA2F" ID-CoL="BD3LB" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1203,1288,1471,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loligo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FB0896B6FAA1FA2F" box="[1203,1288,1471,1493]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. loligo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FAB596B6FAF2FA2E" bold="true" box="[1294,1371,1472,1493]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FAB596B6FAF2FA2E" box="[1294,1371,1472,1493]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(TAS)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C96ABFA34F9F4" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C96ABFA34F9F4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Katatergite dark brown, contrasting with orange-brown thorax; abdomen black. Halter normal or only slightly reduced, reddishbrown.....................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBDD968DFA34F9F4" ID-CoL="BD3KX" authority="(Richards, 1973) (TAS)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1126,1437,1530,1552]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dodo">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBDD968DFB1DF9F4" box="[1126,1204,1530,1552]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. dodo</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FB7B968CFAFDF9F4" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1216,1364,1530,1552]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (TAS)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C956EFA35F9B1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C956EFA35F9D6" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1559,1581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C956EFA35F9D6" box="[151,1436,1559,1581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">39 Head dark reddish or black, more-or-less concolourous with thorax............................................. 40</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9543FA35F9B1" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1589,1611]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9543FA35F9B1" box="[151,1436,1589,1611]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">- Head yellow or orange, distinctly contrasting with black thorax................................................ 41</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C9524FA34F944" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9524FA34F97E" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9524FA34F97E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
40 Thorax entirely devoid of microtrichia, appearing very shiny (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FC8D9524FC39F99C" box="[822,912,1618,1640]" captionStart="FIGURES 41.141.5" captionStartId="132.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-33@132.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURES 41.141.5. Howickia nuda sp. nov. 41.1, male habitus, lateral; 41.2, male head, anterolateral; 41.3, male S58, ventral; 41.4, male terminalia, lateral; 41.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138887/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 41.1</figureCitation>
). Fore and hind tibiae entirely orange. Ocelli absent...................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FC4D9506FBEDF97F" ID-CoL="BD3LG" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1014,1092,1647,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FC4D9506FBEDF97F" box="[1014,1092,1647,1669]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. nuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBF19506FB3FF97E" bold="true" box="[1098,1174,1648,1669]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FBF19506FB3FF97E" box="[1098,1174,1648,1669]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NSWLord Howe Island)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C95FBFA34F944" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C95FBFA34F944" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Thorax covered in dense microtrichia, appearing dull (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FD4395FBFCFDF959" box="[760,852,1677,1699]" captionStart="FIGURES 37.137.5" captionStartId="122.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-33@122.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="122" captionText="FIGURES 37.137.5. Howickia holti sp. nov. 37.1, male habitus, lateral; 37.2, male head, anterolateral; 37.3, male S58, ventral; 37.4, male terminalia, lateral; 37.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 37.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Scale bars indicate 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138861/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 37.1</figureCitation>
). Fore and hind tibiae largely dark brown, only distally and apically orange. Ocelli present.........................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FB0E95DDFB57F944" ID-CoL="BD3L7" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1205,1278,1706,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FB0E95DDFB57F944" box="[1205,1278,1706,1728]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. holti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FABF95DCFAF8F944" bold="true" box="[1284,1361,1706,1727]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FABF95DCFAF8F944" box="[1284,1361,1706,1727]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(NSW)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C95BEFA35F901" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C95BEFA35F926" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1735,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C95BEFA35F926" box="[151,1436,1735,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
41 Fore tarsi and tarsomeres 35 of mid and hind legs (dirty) white.......................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBDE95BEFB62F927" ID-CoL="BD3KZ" authority="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Kuwahara &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[1125,1227,1735,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flagella" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBDE95BEFB62F927" box="[1125,1227,1735,1757]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. flagella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FB6A95BEFAB7F926" bold="true" box="[1233,1310,1736,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFCCAD28FB6A95BEFAB7F926" box="[1233,1310,1736,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(QLD, TAS)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9593FA35F901" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1765,1787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9593FA35F901" box="[151,1436,1765,1787]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">- All tarsi reddish-brown to black......................................................................... 42</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C9474FA35F8CE" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9474FA34F8EC" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1437,1794,1816]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9474FA34F8EC" box="[151,1437,1794,1816]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<specimenCount id="91FEE1EBFFCCAD28FF2C9474FE80F8E3" box="[151,297,1794,1816]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">42 Female</specimenCount>
mid tibia with a very small apicoventral seta................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBDB9475FA34F8EC" ID-CoL="BD3LW" authority="(Papp, 2021) (NSW)" baseAuthorityName="Papp" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1120,1437,1794,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBDB9475FB66F8E3" box="[1120,1231,1795,1816]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. truncata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FB679474FAE3F8EC" author="Papp, L." box="[1244,1354,1794,1815]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="101 - 117" refId="ref93990" refString="Papp, L. (2021) New species of Apterobiroina L. Papp and Bentrovata Richards (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) from Australia. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 67 (2), 101 - 117. https: // doi. org / 10.17109 / AZH. 67.2.101.2021" type="journal article" year="2021">Papp, 2021</bibRefCitation>
) (NSW)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C9456FA35F8CE" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1823,1845]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C9456FA35F8CE" box="[151,1436,1823,1845]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">- Female mid tibia with a large apicoventral seta............................................................. 43</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="3C0C32C7FFCCAD28FF2C944BFA34F81E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C944BFA34F876" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C944BFA34F876" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
43 Antenna reddish; head uniformly orange with some darkening around and behind ocelli; interfrontal bristles subequal. Fore legs reddish-orange, mid and hind legs bicoloured (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FD18942CFD57F894" box="[675,766,1882,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 32.132.5" captionStartId="111.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,181,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-19@111.[156,1431,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 32.132.5. Howickia dealata (Richards). 32.1, male habitus, lateral; 32.2, male head, anterior; 32.3, epiproct and cercus, dorsal; 32.4, S8 and hypoproct, ventral; 32.5, spermathecae. Body scale bar indicates 0.25 mm, head bar indicates 0.1 mm. Photo credit: G. Thompson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138839/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 32.1</figureCitation>
). Abdominal setae pale orange-brown.................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBF5940EFA34F876" ID-CoL="6S27V" authority="(Richards, 1973) (TAS)" authorityName="TAS" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1102,1437,1911,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Monteithiana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dealata">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBF5940EFB1DF877" box="[1102,1204,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. dealata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FB7B9401FAFDF876" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1216,1364,1911,1933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (TAS)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87472A62FFCCAD28FF2C94E3FA34F81E" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<keyLead id="3C098957FFCCAD28FF2C94E3FA34F81E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
- Antenna dark reddish; head dark reddish-orange with strong darkening around and behind ocelli; medial pair of interfrontal bristles slightly larger than others. Legs black with pale knees, tarsi brown (
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFCCAD28FC0394C4FBBAF83C" box="[952,1043,1970,1992]" captionStart="FIGURES 31.131.5" captionStartId="109.[152,270,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,149,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-19@109.[151,1436,149,1901]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURES 31.131.5. Howickia cynthia (Richards). 31.1, male habitus, lateral; 31.2, male head, anterior; 31.3, male S58, ventral; 31.4, male terminalia, lateral; 31.4a, left surstylus, posterior; 31.5, aedeagus and associated structures, lateral. Body scale bar indicates 0.25 mm, head bar indicates 0.1 mm. Photo credit: G. Thompson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138835/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 31.1</figureCitation>
). Abdominal setae dark brown................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFCCAD28FBEB94A6FA34F81E" ID-CoL="BD3KV" authority="(Richards, 1973) (TAS)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1104,1437,1999,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cynthia">
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFCCAD28FBEB94A6FB1DF81F" box="[1104,1204,1999,2021]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. cynthia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFCCAD28FB7B94B9FAFDF81E" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1216,1364,1999,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
) (TAS)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>