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<document id="17B0E591F80A25AEAC55770C3AEC0946" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13396039" ID-ISSN="1732-2421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13396039" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="karina" IM.tables_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="karina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1723062077113" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ziegler, Reinhard" docDate="2003" docId="480C87994001761DDE62D08BFF28FBCB" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolPol.48.4.617-648.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37.1:ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Mygalea antiqua" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="620" masterDocId="B435FFE14003761EDE04D555FFF9FFA9" masterDocTitle="Moles (Talpidae) from the late Middle Miocene of South Germany" masterLastPageNumber="648" masterPageNumber="617" pageNumber="619" updateTime="1724882529620" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="A04B0266D79D2EA9523307C61C0653EB">Moles (Talpidae) from the late Middle Miocene of South Germany</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="07E347E4D1D224727C054C8052228DE5">Ziegler, Reinhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="55C90E49FF8048F0AE3ADF370B330C02">2003</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="88BF65044001761CDE62D08BFE07FA52" box="[102,510,1502,1531]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761CDE62D08BFE07FA52" blockId="2.[102,510,1502,1565]" box="[102,510,1502,1531]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<heading id="9B5281E34001761CDE62D08BFE07FA52" box="[102,510,1502,1531]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" reason="9">
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4001761CDE62D08BFE07FA52" authority="(Pomel, 1848)" baseAuthorityName="Pomel" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[102,510,1502,1531]" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" genus="Mygalea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiqua">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4001761CDE62D08BFEC6FA52" box="[102,319,1502,1531]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Mygalea antiqua</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A4344B7E4001761CDF54D08BFE0CFA52" author="Pomel, N. A." box="[336,501,1502,1531]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" pagination="159 - 165" refId="ref29582" refString="Pomel, N. A. 1848. Etudes sur les carnassiers insectivores. I. Insectivores fossils. II. Classification des insectivores. Archives des sciences physiques et naturelles 9: 159 - 165, 244 - 251." type="journal article" year="1848">Pomel, 1848</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88BF65044001761CDE62D352FAAFF8A0" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" type="description">
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761CDE62D352FF5DF9B4" blockId="2.[102,510,1502,1565]" box="[102,164,1543,1565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<figureCitation id="589E2A0A4001761CDE62D352FF66F9B4" box="[102,159,1543,1565]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[102,135,668,687]" captionTargetBox="[102,1485,230,637]" captionTargetId="figure-601@2.[102,1486,230,637]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Mygalea antiqua, Petersbuch 6. A. Left m1m3, NHMA P61065.1, in occlusal (A1) and buccal (A2) views; ca. × 10. B. Left dentary with m3 and complete ascending ramus, NHMA P61065.2, buccal view; ca. × 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13396046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13396046/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761CDE62D365FD55F8A1" blockId="2.[102,775,1584,1801]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4001761CDE62D365FE3EF9E1" box="[102,455,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Material and measurements</emphasis>
.—Petersbuch 6: NHMA P61065/1, left dentary fragment with m1m3; Lm1m3 (6.45), h of dentary below m1 (2.80), m1 (2.38×1.17×1.36), m2 (2.32×1.25×1.35), m3 (1.97×1.09×1.02); NHMA P6 1065/2, left dentary fragment with m3 and complete ascending ramus; h of dentary below m1 (2.70), h1 of coronoid (9.15), h2 of coronoid (7.80), m3 (1.86×1.04×0.95).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761CDE62D273FF13F894" blockId="2.[102,234,1830,1853]" box="[102,234,1830,1853]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4001761CDE62D273FF13F894" box="[102,234,1830,1853]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761CDE62D207FC09FBEF" blockId="2.[102,774,1874,2026]" lastBlockId="2.[812,1485,781,1094]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4001761CDE62D207FF31F8C3" bold="true" box="[102,200,1874,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Dentary</emphasis>
.—The coronoid process, which is slightly bent posteriorly, forms a nearly right angle with the horizontal ramus. The masseteric fossa is moderately deep. The internal temporal fossa is deeply excavated. The mandibular foramen opens directly below the mylohyoid ridge, slightly posterior to the centre of the ascending ramus. The angular process is shovelshaped with an internal concavity and a crest on the external side. The condylar process lies high above the level of the toothrow. There are two mental foramina: one between the roots of m1, another beneath p1 or the posterior root of p2. There are 10 alveoles anterior to m1: two for p2p4 each and one for i1, i2, c and p1 each. Consequently, the mandibular dental formula is 2143. According to the alveoles the lower premolars decrease in size anteriorly, the i1 is procumbent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761CDD28D103FBBDFA47" blockId="2.[812,1485,1110,1518]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4001761CDD28D103FC2EFBC7" bold="true" box="[812,983,1110,1134]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Lower molars</emphasis>
.—The size relation of the lower molars is m1&gt;m2&gt;m3. In the m1 the trigonid is distinctly narrower than the talonid, in the m2 only slightly, in the m3 it is somewhat wider. The protoconid is slightly higher than the hypoconid in the m1, but distinctly higher in m2 and m3. Most conspicuous in the lower molars is the strong cingulid, which extends from below the paraconid to the hypoconid. Postcingulids are somewhat weaker on m1 and m2 and rudimentary on m3. Lingual cingulids are absent. A short entostylid is developed in m1 and m2. The oblique cristid terminates at the posterior wall of the trigonid below the protocristid, slightly lingual to the protocristid notch. In the m2 a faint metacristid is developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761CDD28D352FC5EF9B7" blockId="2.[812,935,1543,1566]" box="[812,935,1543,1566]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4001761CDD28D352FC5EF9B7" box="[812,935,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761CDD28D364FAAFF8A0" blockId="2.[812,1485,1585,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<materialsCitation id="70CD3CD24001761CDD28D364FAABF8A0" collectionCode="MN" county="Lower Miocene" location="There" municipality="Calcareous Tertiary" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" specimenCode="MN 2" specimenCount="1">
<location id="C57A60544001761CDD28D364FC94F9E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:480C87994001761DDE62D08BFF28FBCB:C57A60544001761CDD28D364FC94F9E0" box="[812,877,1585,1609]" county="Lower Miocene" municipality="Calcareous Tertiary" name="There" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">There</location>
are three
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4001761CDDE4D364FB62F9E0" box="[992,1179,1585,1609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4001761CDDE4D364FBBBF9E0" box="[992,1090,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Mygalea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in the
<location id="C57A60544001761CDAEFD364FC19F9C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:480C87994001761DDE62D08BFF28FBCB:C57A60544001761CDAEFD364FC19F9C0" county="Lower Miocene" municipality="Calcareous Tertiary" name="Miocene of Europe. Mygaleamagna" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
Miocene of Europe.
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4001761CDD28D304FC19F9C0" box="[812,992,1617,1641]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Mygaleamagna</emphasis>
</location>
<bibRefCitation id="A4344B7E4001761CDDE2D304FB87F9C3" author="Ziegler, R." box="[998,1150,1617,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" pagination="1 - 81" refId="ref30654" refString="Ziegler, R. 1990. Talpidae (Insectivora, Mammalia) aus dem Oberoligozan und Untermiozan Suddeutschlands. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde B 167: 1 - 81." type="journal article" year="1990">Ziegler, 1990</bibRefCitation>
, the oldest and largest species, is only known from the
<typeStatus id="1F1E882D4001761CDA39D327FB94F923" box="[1085,1133,1650,1674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">type</typeStatus>
locality
<location id="C57A60544001761CDAD5D324FAABF920" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:480C87994001761DDE62D08BFF28FBCB:C57A60544001761CDAD5D324FAABF920" box="[1233,1362,1649,1673]" county="Lower Miocene" municipality="Calcareous Tertiary" name="Budenheim" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Budenheim</location>
or
<location id="C57A60544001761CDB7DD324FA34F920" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:480C87994001761DDE62D08BFF28FBCB:C57A60544001761CDB7DD324FA34F920" box="[1401,1485,1649,1673]" county="Lower Miocene" municipality="Calcareous Tertiary" name="Hessler" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Hessler</location>
from the
<collectingMunicipality id="207EACF54001761CDD97D3C4FB89F900" box="[915,1136,1681,1705]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Calcareous Tertiary</collectingMunicipality>
in the Mainz Basin. It is correlated with the
<collectingCounty id="297B4E034001761CDDD1D3E7FB72F960" box="[981,1163,1713,1737]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Lower Miocene</collectingCounty>
(Middle Agenian,
<specimenCode id="90039EF44001761CDB6FD3E7FA4BF963" box="[1387,1458,1714,1738]" collectionCode="MN" country="Brazil" name="Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">MN 2</specimenCode>
a). This species has distinctly larger, primarily wider, teeth than the Petersbuch specimens and has the i3 retained
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88BF65044001761DDD56D247FE12FC89" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="620" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761CDD56D247FA73F803" blockId="2.[812,1485,1585,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4001761CDD56D247FB36F883" authority="(Seemann, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Seemann" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[850,1231,1810,1834]" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" genus="Mygalea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaegeri">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4001761CDD56D247FBF3F880" box="[850,1034,1810,1834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">Mygalea jaegeri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A4344B7E4001761CDA1CD247FB3EF883" author="Seemann, I." box="[1048,1223,1810,1834]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref30053" refString="Seemann, I. 1938. Die Insektenfresser, Fledermause und Nager aus der obermiocanen Braunkohle von Viehhausen bei Regensburg. Palaeontographica A 89: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1938">Seemann, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is mainly known from faunas correlatable with MN 5, e.g., the
<typeStatus id="1F1E882D4001761CDAFDD267FAD0F8E3" box="[1273,1321,1842,1866]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">type</typeStatus>
locality Viehhausen near Regensburg (
<bibRefCitation id="A4344B7E4001761CDA6CD207FAE3F8C3" author="Seemann, I." box="[1128,1306,1874,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref30053" refString="Seemann, I. 1938. Die Insektenfresser, Fledermause und Nager aus der obermiocanen Braunkohle von Viehhausen bei Regensburg. Palaeontographica A 89: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1938">Seemann 1938</bibRefCitation>
) and Sandelzhausen (
<bibRefCitation id="A4344B7E4001761CDD8ED227FBD9F823" author="Ziegler, R." box="[906,1056,1906,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="619" pagination="1 - 81" refId="ref30654" refString="Ziegler, R. 1990. Talpidae (Insectivora, Mammalia) aus dem Oberoligozan und Untermiozan Suddeutschlands. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde B 167: 1 - 81." type="journal article" year="1990">Ziegler 1990</bibRefCitation>
, 2000). This species also has retained its i3 and it is smaller than the specimens under study.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C01A368F4001761DDD56D2E7FE12FC89" blockId="2.[812,1485,1585,2026]" lastBlockId="3.[102,786,232,1122]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="620" pageId="2" pageNumber="619">
In the evolutionary level, as indicated by the reduced number of lower incisors, both Petersbuch dentaries come closest to
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4000761DDEDBD5BDFE5DFEA9" baseAuthorityName="Pomel" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[223,420,232,256]" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" genus="Mygalea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiqua">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4000761DDEDBD5BDFE5DFEA9" box="[223,420,232,256]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">Mygalea antiqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Sansan, where the i3 is lost. The position of the mental foramina is quite variable in the Sansan sample. In four dentaries the following combinations are present: (1) anterior part broken/ below anterior root of m1, (2) below p1 and anterior root of p3, (3) below c and p4/m1, (4) below p1 and p4. Compared to Petersbuch 6, the mental foramina are slightly shifted anteriorly in the Sansan sample. In two dentaries the m1 is larger than the m2, in another it is smaller. However, in overall size the lower molars are larger, mainly wider than ours. In spite of this small size difference, the Petersbuch
<specimenCount id="D6A3FD064000761DDC48D77DFD23FDE9" box="[588,730,552,576]" count="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
are considered to represent
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4000761DDF85D71DFDBFFDC9" baseAuthorityName="Pomel" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[385,582,584,608]" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" genus="Mygalea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiqua">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4000761DDF85D71DFDBFFDC9" box="[385,582,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">Mygalea antiqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species is also recorded in the Swiss localities Zeglingen, Rümikon and Schwamendingen (
<bibRefCitation id="A4344B7E4000761DDF71D7DDFE05FD08" author="Kalin, D." box="[373,508,648,673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" pagination="1 - 238" refId="ref29162" refString="Kalin, D. 1993. Stratigraphie und Saugetierfaunen der Oberen Susswasser-molasse der Nordwestschweiz. Dissertation Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich 10152: 1 - 238." type="journal article" year="1993">Kälin 1993</bibRefCitation>
, all MN 6), and in the German sites Langenau (
<bibRefCitation id="A4344B7E4000761DDF87D7FDFD57FD68" author="Sach, V. &amp; Heizmann, E. P. J." box="[387,686,680,705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" pagination="1 - 95" refId="ref29932" refString="Sach, V. and Heizmann, E. P. J. 2001. Stratigraphie und Saugetierfaunen der Brackwassermolasse in der Umgebung von Ulm (Sudwestdeutschland). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde B 310: 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="2001">Sach and Heizmann 2001</bibRefCitation>
, MN 4) and Hambach 6C (
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4000761DDF48D79CFDC0FD49" authority=", MN" authorityName="MN" box="[332,569,712,736]" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" genus="Mygalea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiqua">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4000761DDF48D79CFE9AFD49" box="[332,355,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">M</emphasis>
. cf.
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4000761DDFA5D79CFE01FD49" box="[417,504,713,736]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">antiqua</emphasis>
, MN
</taxonomicName>
5/6, Z iegler and Mörs 2000). The Petersbuch 6 sample is the latest record of this species and its genus thus far.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88BF65044000761DDE8FD67FFF28FBCB" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" type="description">
<paragraph id="C01A368F4000761DDE8FD67FFF28FBCB" blockId="3.[102,786,232,1122]" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4000761DDE8FD67FFF16FCEB" authorityName="Schreuder" authorityYear="1940" box="[139,239,810,834]" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" genus="Mygalea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4000761DDE8FD67FFF16FCEB" box="[139,239,810,834]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">Mygalea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is allocated to the
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4000761DDFDED67FFD9EFCEB" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[474,615,810,834]" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Desmaninae">Desmaninae</taxonomicName>
by most students except
<bibRefCitation id="A4344B7E4000761DDF02D61FFE1DFCCB" author="Rumke, C. G." box="[262,484,842,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" pagination="1 - 241" refId="ref29866" refString="Rumke, C. G. 1985. A review of fossil and Recent Desmaninae (Talpidae, Insectivora). Utrecht Micropalaeontological Bulletins. Special Publication 4: 1 - 241." type="journal article" year="1985">Rümke (1985: 16)</bibRefCitation>
. She considers the subfamilial allocation not justified, unless the intermediate position of
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4000761DDECBD6DFFECAFC0B" authorityName="Schreuder" authorityYear="1940" box="[207,307,906,930]" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" genus="Mygalea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4000761DDECBD6DFFECAFC0B" box="[207,307,906,930]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">Mygalea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be demonstrated. I think this is not necessary. The humeri of all three
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4000761DDC17D6FFFD2EFC6B" box="[531,727,938,962]" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4000761DDC17D6FFFD8EFC6B" box="[531,631,938,962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">Mygalea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are known and show clear desmanine affinities. In the most advanced species,
<taxonomicName id="07A54D0C4000761DDF18D6BEFE6EFBAB" box="[284,407,1003,1026]" class="Mammalia" family="Talpidae" genus="Mygalea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiqua">
<emphasis id="F2D1EA9D4000761DDF18D6BEFE6EFBAB" box="[284,407,1003,1026]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="620">M.antiqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the i3 is absent. Hence it cannot be ancestral to any extant desmanine. The genus may be a desmanine side branch that became extinct in the early Late Miocene.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>