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<document id="CFBD1D76E8526157C2DA8B3850FCD209" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1697.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5107079" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1626378524067" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Thandar, Ahmed S." docDate="2008" docId="DE2087C7F5318754A0ADF2FB97225978" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01697p057.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1697 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1697.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ocnus capensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="2219FFBFF5208746A03AF42E93345C38" masterDocTitle="Additions to the holothuroid fauna of the southern African temperate faunistic provinces, with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1699010251044" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="1649E3BF52C01F81DD86F1D439A9D20D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="5B538D5FD7CF2B1B236647E2A1149F76">Additions to the holothuroid fauna of the southern African temperate faunistic provinces, with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1CB28E3966FA22BF8C26ABBDA96F8C5E">Thandar, Ahmed S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:url id="8E5B6216B8E4E934E040FF5912B2B455">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1697.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="46E789F8F82E1D9CD77B2486FD954D20">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8ACBE186C86B6CC5CB70AAAA5C4D267C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1697.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DE2087C7F5318754A0ADF2FB97225978" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE2087C7F5318754A0ADF2FB97225978" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE2087C7F5318754A0ADF2FB97225978" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="1E93655AF5318757A0ADF2FB92C95AD7" box="[151,509,1749,1775]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="563636D1F5318757A0ADF2FB92C95AD7" blockId="17.[151,509,1749,1775]" box="[151,509,1749,1775]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="0D7E81BDF5318757A0ADF2FB92C95AD7" bold="true" box="[151,509,1749,1775]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5318757A0ADF2FB92C95AD7" ID-CoL="48H56" authority="(Theel, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Theel" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[151,509,1749,1775]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Ocnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5318757A0ADF2FB92C95AD7" bold="true" box="[151,509,1749,1775]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5318757A0ADF2FB92665AD7" bold="true" box="[151,338,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ocnus capensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5318757A158F2FB92C15AD7" author="Theel, H." box="[354,501,1749,1775]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 290" refId="ref31737" refString="Theel, H. (1886) Holothuroidea. Part II. Report on the Scientific Results of the of the HMS ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, IV (34), 1 - 290, 16 pls." type="book chapter" year="1886">Théel, 1886</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1E93655AF5318757A0ADF30E904E5BE2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="563636D1F5318757A0ADF30E97A65B02" blockId="17.[151,1170,1824,2010]" box="[151,1170,1824,1850]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="769911FFF5318757A0ADF30E97A65B02" box="[151,1170,1824,1850]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="D72810C0F5318757A0ADF30E917E5B02" author="Theel, H." box="[151,586,1824,1850]" page="62" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1886">
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5318757A0ADF30E917E5B02" ID-CoL="329GB" authority="Theel, 1886: 62" authorityName="Theel" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,586,1824,1850]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5318757A0ADF30E92B35B01" box="[151,391,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cucumaria capensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5318757A1B4F30E917E5B02" author="Theel, H." box="[398,586,1824,1850]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 290" refId="ref31737" refString="Theel, H. (1886) Holothuroidea. Part II. Report on the Scientific Results of the of the HMS ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, IV (34), 1 - 290, 16 pls." type="book chapter" year="1886">Théel, 1886: 62</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl.5, fig. 2 (non
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5318757A329F30E976D5B02" ID-CoL="329GB" authority="Mitsukuri 1912" authorityName="Mitsukuri" authorityYear="1912" box="[787,1113,1824,1850]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5318757A329F30E90AE5B01" box="[787,922,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. capensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5318757A398F30E976D5B02" author="Mitsukuri, K." box="[930,1113,1824,1850]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 284" refId="ref30492" refString="Mitsukuri, K. (1912) Studies on Actinopodous Holothurioidea. Journal of the College of Science, Tokyo Imperial University, 29 (2), 1 - 284 and 8 plates." type="book chapter" year="1912">Mitsukuri 1912</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, non
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5318757A0F0F36691855B5A" blockId="17.[151,1170,1824,2010]" box="[202,689,1864,1890]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5318757A0F0F36691905B5A" authority="Rho &amp; Won, 1913" authorityName="Rho &amp; Won" authorityYear="1913" box="[202,676,1864,1890]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pseudocnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5318757A0F0F36692F65B59" box="[202,450,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pseudocnus capensis</emphasis>
Rho &amp; Won, 1913
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5318757A0ADF35E902F5BB2" blockId="17.[151,1170,1824,2010]" box="[151,795,1904,1930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="769911FFF5318757A0ADF35E902F5BB2" box="[151,795,1904,1930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="D72810C0F5318757A0ADF35E91A05BB2" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[151,660,1904,1930]" page="280" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1970">
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5318757A0ADF35E91A05BB2" ID-CoL="76M2N" authority="Cherbonnier, 1970: 280" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityPageNumber="280" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,660,1904,1930]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pentacta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="squamosa">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5318757A0ADF35E924F5BB1" box="[151,379,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pentacta squamosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5318757A1B9F35E91A05BB2" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[387,660,1904,1930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="280 - 299" refId="ref29994" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1970) Nouvelles especes d'holothuries des Cotes d'Afrique du sud et du Mozambique. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris, 2 serie 42 (1), 280 - 299." type="journal article" year="1970">Cherbonnier, 1970:280</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, text-fig. 1.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5318757A0ADF3B690FA5B8A" blockId="17.[151,1170,1824,2010]" box="[151,974,1944,1970]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="769911FFF5318757A0ADF3B690FA5B8A" box="[151,974,1944,1970]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitation id="D72810C0F5318757A0ADF3B6910F5B8A" author="Thandar, A. S." box="[151,571,1944,1970]" page="119" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1991">
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5318757A0ADF3B6910F5B8A" ID-CoL="48H56" authority="Thandar, 1991: 119" authorityName="Thandar" authorityPageNumber="119" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,571,1944,1970]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Ocnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5318757A0ADF3B6927A5B89" box="[151,334,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ocnus capensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5318757A16FF3B6910F5B8A" author="Thandar, A. S." box="[341,571,1944,1970]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="115 - 139" refId="ref31301" refString="Thandar, A. S. (1991) The cucumariid holothurians of southern Africa with the erection of a new genus. South African Journal of Zoology, 26 (3), 115 - 139." type="journal article" year="1991">Thandar, 1991: 119</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 4, 5 &amp; 14b (syn. &amp; records).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5318757A0ADF3EE904E5BE2" blockId="17.[151,1170,1824,2010]" box="[151,890,1984,2010]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5318757A0ADF3EE92835BE2" authority="Rowe" authorityName="Rowe" box="[151,439,1984,2010]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pentacta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5318757A0ADF3EE925F5BE1" box="[151,363,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pentacta capensis</emphasis>
Rowe
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5318757A1DCF3EE91E35BE2" author="Rowe, F. W. E. &amp; Gates, J." box="[486,727,1984,2010]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref30959" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. &amp; Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. In Wells, A. (ed.). Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 33, Melbourne, CSIRO Australia. CSIRO Melbourne: Australia, xiii 510 pp." type="book" year="1995">Rowe &amp; Gates 1995</bibRefCitation>
, passim):271.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1E93655AF5328754A0ADF4B697225978" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="563636D1F5328754A0ADF4B6922D5CE2" blockId="18.[151,281,152,218]" box="[151,281,152,218]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<typeStatus id="89328873F5328754A0ADF4B693E55C8A" box="[151,209,152,178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</typeStatus>
NHML.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5328754A0ADF53E90175D6C" blockId="18.[151,803,272,340]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<materialsCitation id="E6E13C8CF5328754A0ADF53E90175D6C" elevation="180" latitude="-34.683334" location="Good Hope" longLatPrecision="1198" longitude="18.6" municipality="Off" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="180" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="89328873F5328754A0ADF53E93E55D12" box="[151,209,272,298]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingMunicipality id="B652ACABF5328754A081F51493D75D6C" box="[187,227,314,340]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Off</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="944DF833F5328754A0C8F514921A5D6C" box="[242,302,314,340]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cape</collectingRegion>
of
<location id="5356600AF5328754A16FF51492EB5D6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE2087C7F5318754A0ADF2FB97225978:5356600AF5328754A16FF51492EB5D6C" box="[341,479,314,340]" latitude="-34.683334" longLatPrecision="1198" longitude="18.6" municipality="Off" name="Good Hope" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Western Cape">Good Hope</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="33BD5016F5328754A1D1F514917A5D6C" box="[491,590,312,340]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="925" value="-34.683334">
34
<superScript id="A1FC9B99F5328754A233F51691255D7E" attach="left" box="[521,529,312,326]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">o</superScript>
41'S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="33BD5016F5328754A260F51491F05D6C" box="[602,708,312,340]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="925" value="18.6">
18
<superScript id="A1FC9B99F5328754A24DF516914B5D7E" attach="left" box="[631,639,312,326]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">o</superScript>
36' E
</geoCoordinate>
,
<specimenCount id="408FFD58F5328754A2EBF51490175D6C" box="[721,803,314,340]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="generic">
<quantity id="91719B34F5328754A2EBF514902A5D6C" box="[721,798,314,340]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="180.0">
<elevation id="DDA4D1E2F5328754A2EBF514902A5D6C" box="[721,798,314,340]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5328754A0ADF5A492475D9C" blockId="18.[151,1436,394,503]" box="[151,371,394,420]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5328754A081F59B93DD5DCF" blockId="18.[151,1436,394,503]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
SAM-A27990,
<collectionCode id="3098AE14F5328754A14BF59B92985DF7" box="[369,428,437,463]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">UCT</collectionCode>
<materialsCitation id="E6E13C8CF5328754A188F59B93DD5DCF" collectingDate="1960-11-30" collectionCode="SCD" location="Plettenberg Bay" longitude="23.516666" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1">
Ecol. Surv., off
<location id="5356600AF5328754A251F59B90135DF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE2087C7F5318754A0ADF2FB97225978:5356600AF5328754A251F59B90135DF7" box="[619,807,437,463]" longitude="23.516666" name="Plettenberg Bay" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Plettenberg Bay</location>
, St.
<collectionCode id="3098AE14F5328754A363F59B90A65DF7" box="[857,914,437,463]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">SCD</collectionCode>
<geoCoordinate id="33BD5016F5328754A3A3F59B90CD5DF9" box="[921,1017,435,463]" degrees="177, 34" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="555" value="-177.34">
177, 34
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</geoCoordinate>
20' S,
<geoCoordinate id="33BD5016F5328754A473F59B97875DF7" box="[1097,1203,435,463]" degrees="23" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="925" value="23.516666">
23
<superScript id="A1FC9B99F5328754A45CF59D975A5DF9" attach="left" box="[1126,1134,435,449]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">o</superScript>
31' E
</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="22371011F5328754A4FAF59B96745DF7" box="[1216,1344,437,463]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1960-11-30">
<collectingDate id="3273E9F9F5328754A4FAF59B96745DF7" box="[1216,1344,437,463]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1960-11-30">
30.xi.
<quantity id="91719B34F5328754A53AF59B96745DF7" box="[1280,1344,437,463]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9601099999999998" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1960.11">1960</quantity>
</collectingDate>
</date>
, 110 m,
<specimenCount id="408FFD58F5328754A0ADF5F393DD5DCF" box="[151,233,477,503]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5328754A0ADF60391A55E57" blockId="18.[151,657,557,623]" box="[151,657,557,623]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Distribution South and south-west
<collectionCode id="3098AE14F5328754A184F67B92C95E57" box="[446,509,597,623]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">WCP</collectionCode>
,
<quantity id="91719B34F5328754A233F67B91B85E57" box="[521,652,597,623]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.775" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="277.5" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="155.0">
155-
<specimenCount id="408FFD58F5328754A206F67B91B85E57" box="[572,652,597,623]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="generic">400 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5328754A0ADF68B93CB5E87" blockId="18.[151,1436,677,1344]" box="[151,255,677,703]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563636D1F5328754A087F6E397225978" blockId="18.[151,1436,677,1344]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
This characteristic deep-sea species, following
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5328754A2D2F6E390955EDF" author="Panning, A." box="[744,929,717,743]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="404 - 470" refId="ref30710" refString="Panning, A. (1949) Versuch einer Neuordnung der Familie Cucumariidae (Holothurioidea, Dendrochirota). Zoologische Jahrbucher Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 78, 404 - 470." type="journal article" year="1949">Panning (1949)</bibRefCitation>
, was referred to
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A45FF6E097845EDF" box="[1125,1200,718,743]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Ocnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A45FF6E097845EDF" box="[1125,1200,718,743]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5328754A4E7F6E396AC5EDF" author="Thandar, A. S." box="[1245,1432,717,743]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="115 - 139" refId="ref31301" refString="Thandar, A. S. (1991) The cucumariid holothurians of southern Africa with the erection of a new genus. South African Journal of Zoology, 26 (3), 115 - 139." type="journal article" year="1991">Thandar (1991)</bibRefCitation>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5328754A12BF6DB92F45F37" author="Panning, A." box="[273,448,757,783]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1949" refId="ref30779" refString="Panning, A. (1962) Bermerkungen uber die Holothurien - Familie Cucumariidae (Ordnung Dendrochirota) 3 Teil. Die Gattung Pseudocnus (Panning 1949). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 60,57 - 80." type="journal article" year="1962">Panning (1962</bibRefCitation>
, passim), thought that the species may be referable to
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A47DF6D897E75F37" authorityName="Panning" authorityYear="1949" box="[1095,1235,758,783]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pseudocnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A47DF6D897E75F37" box="[1095,1235,758,783]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Pseudocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, an opinion here disputed because of the presence in its body wall of usually complete baskets and the simplicity, therein, of the plates. Rowe (in
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5328754A1B6F76B91815F67" author="Rowe, F. W. E. &amp; Gates, J." box="[396,693,837,863]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref30959" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. &amp; Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. In Wells, A. (ed.). Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 33, Melbourne, CSIRO Australia. CSIRO Melbourne: Australia, xiii 510 pp." type="book" year="1995">Rowe &amp; Gates 1995:271</bibRefCitation>
), on the other hand, thought that Théel’s species may be referable to
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A0CBF740926D5FBF" authorityName="Goldfuss" authorityYear="1820" box="[241,345,878,903]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pentacta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A0CBF740926D5FBF" box="[241,345,878,903]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Pentacta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus he suspected to be perhaps restricted to the southern African waters. However, he (Rowe, pers. comm.) now believes that the equal size of the tentacles is a generic character and would therefore prefer to consider
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A19CF790913A5FEF" authorityName="Goldfuss" authorityYear="1820" box="[422,526,958,983]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pentacta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A19CF790913A5FEF" box="[422,526,958,983]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Pentacta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a monotypic South African genus, represented by only
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A4DEF790965D5FEF" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[1252,1385,958,983]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pentacta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="doliolum">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A4DEF790965D5FEF" box="[1252,1385,958,983]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. doliolum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and that Théel’s species may still be an
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A206F7C891B35FC7" box="[572,647,998,1023]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Ocnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A206F7C891B35FC7" box="[572,647,998,1023]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus perhaps extending from the European waters to the south west coast of
<collectingCountry id="2E9E7641F5328754A10FF02392FB581F" box="[309,463,1037,1063]" name="South Africa" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. It is for this reason that, although O’Loughlin &amp; O’ Hara (1992) consider
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A508F0209649581F" box="[1330,1405,1038,1063]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Ocnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A508F0209649581F" box="[1330,1405,1038,1063]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as most likely a European genus, Theel’s species is still here retained in
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A3CCF01897755877" box="[1014,1089,1078,1103]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Ocnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A3CCF01897755877" box="[1014,1089,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is another South African endemic, restricted to the deep cold temperate waters. Hence, all records of the species outside the southern African region, especially those from shallow, tropical waters (
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5328754A347F0A897005898" author="Mitsukuri, K." box="[893,1076,1158,1184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 284" refId="ref30492" refString="Mitsukuri, K. (1912) Studies on Actinopodous Holothurioidea. Journal of the College of Science, Tokyo Imperial University, 29 (2), 1 - 284 and 8 plates." type="book chapter" year="1912">Mitsukuri 1912</bibRefCitation>
and Rohr &amp; Won 1993), must be rejected as misidentifications, a view previously expressed by
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5328754A39FF080976A58F0" author="Thandar, A. S." box="[933,1118,1198,1224]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="115 - 139" refId="ref31301" refString="Thandar, A. S. (1991) The cucumariid holothurians of southern Africa with the erection of a new genus. South African Journal of Zoology, 26 (3), 115 - 139." type="journal article" year="1991">Thandar (1991)</bibRefCitation>
and supported by
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5328754A504F080926F58C8" author="Natasen Moodley, M." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref30527" refString="Natasen Moodley, M. (2000) A taxonomic study of some holothuroid echinoderms taken from southern African waters west of Port Elizabeth, in the collections of the South African Museum. MSc. dissertation, University of Durban- Westville, South Africa. 170 pp." type="book" year="2000">Natasen Moodley (2000)</bibRefCitation>
. Thandar (op. cit.) also relegated
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A2DCF0F8979B58C8" authority="Cherbonnier, 1970" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityYear="1970" box="[742,1199,1238,1264]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pentacta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="squamosa">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A2DCF0F890FF58D7" box="[742,971,1238,1263]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Pentacta squamosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="32184B20F5328754A3EEF0F8979B58C8" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[980,1199,1238,1264]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="280 - 299" refId="ref29994" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1970) Nouvelles especes d'holothuries des Cotes d'Afrique du sud et du Mozambique. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris, 2 serie 42 (1), 280 - 299." type="journal article" year="1970">Cherbonnier, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
to the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="91894D52F5328754A0ADF0D09210592F" box="[151,292,1278,1303]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pentacta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="64FDEAC3F5328754A0ADF0D09210592F" box="[151,292,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">O. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as he suspected that Cherbonnier’s material represented juvenile of this species. The current record from Plettenberg Bay is the most eastern yet recorded for the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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