414 lines
66 KiB
XML
414 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document id="1952D9C957670C93D9A2A5990F9CDBA0" ID-DOI="10.3853/j.0067-1975.55.2003.1374" ID-ISSN="2201-4349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4685467" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618342053125" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Daeschler, Edward B., Frumes, Anna C. & Mullison, C. Frederick" docDate="2003" docId="8E191D556703FFD3FF14FC80FD8C37D8" docLanguage="en" docName="RecAustMus.55.1.45-60.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Records of the Australian Museum 55 (1)" docSource="https://journals.australian.museum/daeschler-et-al-2003-rec-aust-mus-551-4560/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7863F7301B7BEE922F541F6F9B5AEEC6.2:RecAustMus.2008-2018.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="7863F7301B7BEE922F541F6F9B5AEEC6" docStyleName="RecAustMus.2008-2018.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison 2003, n.sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="7220652D6700FFD5FFF7FF83FFE13518" masterDocTitle="Groenlandaspidid Placoderm Fishes from the Late Devonian of North America" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698905259389" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="F8921BC5C544F158D3839B151C794C6E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="28BC9E1AFACE457D760F67D320DB0F18">
|
||
<mods:title id="ED48FC2BFC3217C2E6C4CD4FD0AFD5DE">Groenlandaspidid Placoderm Fishes from the Late Devonian of North America</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="CE17F52A9CF6D232EB1B2F3E56815B87" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="19EDD9012F84FD4DA9DBEFBAC8B83038">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D548A1604D0B5F1CE62983D9216E1F92">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="6B2FB9FFC994C5F85CCD31C4F06C6B0D">Daeschler, Edward B.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="A5291949C963371FCF49ABC0B3EABFBC" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="468F7104B600696653A905BDE225C2F1">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="26D0ECA482846C9CB348D55332F84D6E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="CD69295C47FF1E69FDE0A650A5F3F11C">Frumes, Anna C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="619DD21FC41195C4F99F503916B33176" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="37389027AD18FE4EC41E2359EE67EB14">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="60EBCEAC20807522CB6A564DA6C9C316">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="780126E5A91E58F0418E97235FF81B54">Mullison, C. Frederick</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="388127827CA42773503F256FBFFFF48D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="A7FF9128988C72919D986508AFEF5C01" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="3CAF0FBC5815AFBE260E6B334FD47E2C">
|
||
<mods:title id="E17BEE65F62CA46F0B0EA279A7F83C98">Records of the Australian Museum</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="C32742A32F5CFAB0B8E2437A333130EB">
|
||
<mods:date id="89D990ECE117192BB1D10B645B365BAD">2003</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="017EFB951502B23F5FA24AEE652D597F" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="3ADFA30960099DE487E7230119F7DD9E">2003-04-16</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="DE71FC94DE6C7A8962C38661AAE95CFD" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="C1258B3E5F074121DF086208F0F64958">55</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="CACC94798189710551E9200E297DF7F9" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="E4C520ABA458B87AAB99933FC135541B">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="F717D5C9805906E64D873BC292F9C929" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="F134009339D8C60ACA27BF763D65653C">45</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="7AEA6F2D7F478FD4296762E5D77F1094">60</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="315A960D0796169DC84749E759EBDAF9">
|
||
<mods:url id="42F7D69663521DDB8D2D496C8765CC3B">https://journals.australian.museum/daeschler-et-al-2003-rec-aust-mus-551-4560/</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="D4D4A4CE9CCF51A9F5F41DF4FC6E593F">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DAD1B7FA951183A577CBECAB537A9B4C" type="DOI">10.3853/j.0067-1975.55.2003.1374</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F370682164365408C4600F4AF805AB88" type="ISSN">2201-4349</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6759D8BA458895F8CAEF4D0B585610DA" type="Zenodo-Dep">4685467</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="8E191D556703FFD3FF14FC80FD8C37D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8E191D556703FFD3FF14FC80FD8C37D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8E191D556703FFD3FF14FC80FD8C37D8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EAAFFC86703FFD6FF14FC80FD633603" box="[227,642,771,795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FF14FC80FD633603" blockId="3.[227,642,771,795]" box="[227,642,771,795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<heading id="5D471B2F6703FFD6FF14FC80FD633603" box="[227,642,771,795]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF14FC80FD633603" bold="true" box="[227,642,771,795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06703FFD6FF14FC80FDA53603" authority="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison, 2003" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[227,580,771,795]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF14FC80FDA53603" bold="true" box="[227,580,771,795]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2FF7CD2A6703FFD6FDBCFC80FD633603" box="[587,642,771,795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EAAFFC86703FFD6FE89FCB4FE3B3656" box="[382,474,823,846]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FE89FCB4FE3B3656" blockId="3.[382,474,823,846]" box="[382,474,823,846]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FE89FCB4FE3B3656" box="[382,474,823,846]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionStartId-1="5.[121,156,820,841]" captionStartId-2="5.[121,159,1924,1945]" captionTargetBox-0="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetBox-1="[188,681,151,781]" captionTargetBox-2="[131,731,1257,1899]" captionTargetId-0="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetId-1="figure-9@5.[188,681,151,781]" captionTargetId-2="figure-35@5.[121,762,1247,1933]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-1="Fig. 3. Schematic cross-section of the dorsolateral and dorsal trunk shield of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica determined by the angle of internal symphysis of the PDL." captionText-2="Fig. 4. Reconstructed lateral and median dorsal plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica (PL not known). A, MD; B, PDL; C, ADL; D, AL. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685477" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685479" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4685477/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4685479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EAAFFC86703FFD6FF8EFCE8FE693083" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FF8EFCE8FDB536C2" blockId="3.[121,749,875,986]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B6D8A61E6703FFD6FF8EFCE8FDB536C2" collectionCode="MD" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" specimenCode="ANSP 20755" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF8EFCE8FF01369B" bold="true" box="[121,224,875,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<typeStatus id="D90B12E16703FFD6FF8EFCE8FF01369B" box="[121,224,875,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FF1BFCE8FEDC369A" box="[236,317,875,898]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<specimenCode id="561604386703FFD6FEBAFCE8FE39369A" box="[333,472,875,898]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">ANSP 20755</specimenCode>
|
||
, median dorsal plate (
|
||
<collectionCode id="60A134866703FFD6FD4FFCE8FD04369A" box="[696,741,875,898]" country="Germany" name="Museum Donaueschingen" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">MD</collectionCode>
|
||
) in right lateral view and partially exposed in left lateral view. Complete except for missing tip of the anteroventral projection. Ventral margin slightly crushed.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FF8EFC74FD5831B9" blockId="3.[121,749,1015,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF8EFC74FEC53117" bold="true" box="[121,292,1015,1039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Other material</emphasis>
|
||
. All of the material of this species consists of isolated trunk plates: 9 ALs (3 complete and 6 partial); 1
|
||
<collectionCode id="60A134866703FFD6FF8EFBB1FF513151" box="[121,176,1074,1097]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">ADL</collectionCode>
|
||
(complete); 10 PDLs (5 complete and 5 partial); 4 MDs (2 complete and 2 partial); 1
|
||
<collectionCode id="60A134866703FFD6FE0BFBCCFDCF317E" box="[508,558,1103,1126]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">AVL</collectionCode>
|
||
(partial); 1
|
||
<collectionCode id="60A134866703FFD6FD4DFBCCFD0C317E" box="[698,749,1103,1126]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pbkd-hmeb" name="Paleontologia de Vertebrados Lillo" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">PVL</collectionCode>
|
||
(partial). Specimen catalogue numbers and the measurements of complete elements are listed in Appendix 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FF8EFB3EFDD93035" blockId="3.[121,749,1213,1325]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF8EFB3EFE8031CD" bold="true" box="[121,353,1213,1237]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Locality and horizon</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B6D8A61E6703FFD6FE9BFB3DFDD23035" country="United States of America" county="Clinton County" latitude="41.343884" location="Route" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.68024" municipality="Red Hill" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pennsylvania">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7EA7ECD36703FFD6FE9BFB3DFE4531CD" box="[364,420,1214,1237]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C47462A16703FFD6FE5AFB3DFDDC31CD" box="[429,573,1214,1237]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="EF6ED4CF6703FFD6FDB2FB3DFD0831CD" box="[581,745,1214,1237]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Clinton County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="E66B36396703FFD6FF8EFB58FF3931EA" box="[121,216,1243,1266]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Red Hill</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
site, north side of
|
||
<location id="036FFA986703FFD6FE46FB58FE1031EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8E191D556703FFD3FF14FC80FD8C37D8:036FFA986703FFD6FE46FB58FE1031EA" box="[433,497,1243,1266]" country="United States of America" county="Clinton County" latitude="41.343884" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.68024" municipality="Red Hill" name="Route" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Pennsylvania">Route</location>
|
||
120, 1 km east of the village of
|
||
<location id="036FFA986703FFD6FF14FB7BFE813017" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8E191D556703FFD3FF14FC80FD8C37D8:036FFA986703FFD6FF14FB7BFE813017" box="[227,352,1272,1295]" country="United States of America" county="Clinton County" latitude="41.343884" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.68024" municipality="Red Hill" name="North Bend" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Pennsylvania">North Bend</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6384CA846703FFD6FE9BFB7BFE173017" box="[364,502,1272,1295]" degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="20.633" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" precision="1" value="41.343884">41°20.633'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6384CA846703FFD6FE0CFB7BFD6B3017" box="[507,650,1272,1295]" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="40.814" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" precision="1" value="-77.68024">77°40.814'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FD68FB7BFD3D3017" box="[671,732,1272,1295]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[839,874,1936,1957]" captionTargetBox="[839,1466,151,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-10@2.[839,1467,151,1921]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Location and stratigraphic framework of the Red Hill site, Clinton County, Pennsylvania, United States of America. Twometer-thick fossiliferous zone marked with an asterisk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685469/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Catskill Formation, Duncannon Member
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FF8EFACAFE693083" blockId="3.[121,749,1353,1435]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF8EFACAFF443079" bold="true" box="[121,165,1353,1377]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Age</emphasis>
|
||
. Late Devonian, late Famennian Stage (Fa2c substage);
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF8EFAE4FE833066" box="[121,354,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Grandispora cornata</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06703FFD6FE89FAE4FDB23066" box="[382,595,1383,1406]" class="Microsporea" family="Unikaryonidae" genus="Rugispora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Glugeida" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Microsporidia" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FE89FAE4FDB23066" box="[382,595,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Rugispora flexuosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
palynomorph zone (Traverse, in press).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EAAFFC86703FFD6FF8EFA3BFDFF30F5" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FF8EFA3BFDFF30F5" blockId="3.[121,749,1464,1517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF8EFA3BFF1430C8" bold="true" box="[121,245,1464,1488]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. Named for the State of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C47462A16703FFD6FDE6FA3BFD4030D7" box="[529,673,1464,1487]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
where this taxon was discovered and studied.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EAAFFC86703FFD6FF8EF98AFEB93231" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FF8EF98AFEB93231" blockId="3.[121,749,1545,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF8EF98AFF093339" bold="true" box="[121,232,1545,1569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. The MD has a low profile (average H/L = 0.48) with ornament of coarse tubercles along the anterodorsal margin and covering the lateral surface of the posteroventral region with the largest tubercles on the posterodorsal margin. Ornament of fine ridges on the MD radiate from apex to the ventral margin. The dorsal margin of the ADL is steeply inclined with a narrow anterodorsal overlap zone for the MD. The lateral surface of the PDL is ornamented with fine tubercles that form ridges radiating from the bend in the sensory canal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EAAFFC86703FFD6FF8EF8C6FB0B3478" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FF8EF8C6FB0B3478" blockId="3.[121,749,1861,2002]" lastBlockId="3.[794,1422,153,352]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FF8EF8C6FF3E3245" bold="true" box="[121,223,1861,1885]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The specimens referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06703FFD6FE0DF8C5FD4F3245" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[506,686,1862,1885]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FE0DF8C5FD4F3245" box="[506,686,1862,1885]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">G. pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occur as isolated plates within the 2-meter-thick fossiliferous zone at Red Hill. Although no articulated trunk armour has been discovered, the material is believed to be from a single taxon because the elements “fit together” both in terms of size and the shapes of plate margins and overlap zones. When compared to other groenlandaspidid material from the same fossiliferous zone at Red Hill, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06703FFD6FB2FFF57FA6F35F3" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[1240,1422,212,235]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FB2FFF57FA6F35F3" box="[1240,1422,212,235]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">G. pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens are significantly larger and the trunk shield shape is much lower and longer. There is no overlap in the size or shape characteristics of most trunk elements between the two groenlandaspidid taxa at Red Hill.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4EAAFFC86703FFD3FBE7FE07FD8C37D8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FBE7FE07FB793484" blockId="3.[1040,1176,388,412]" box="[1040,1176,388,412]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FBE7FE07FB793484" bold="true" box="[1040,1176,388,412]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FCEDFE3BFC4336E5" blockId="3.[794,1422,440,1021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FCEDFE3BFB6834C8" bold="true" box="[794,1161,440,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">ADL (anterior dorsolateral plate)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FB61FE3BFB1134D7" box="[1174,1264,440,463]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FB0EFE3BFAFB34D7" box="[1273,1306,440,463]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[121,159,1924,1945]" captionTargetBox="[131,731,1257,1899]" captionTargetId="figure-35@5.[121,762,1247,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Reconstructed lateral and median dorsal plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica (PL not known). A, MD; B, PDL; C, ADL; D, AL. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ADL is known from a single specimen, ANSP 20743 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FADCFE55FA6034F5" box="[1323,1409,470,493]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is exposed in lateral view. This specimen is missing narrow parts of the caudal and ventral margins, although the natural mold of the overall shape of the element is preserved in the matrix. The dorsal and anteroventral margins are steeply inclined giving the entire element a tall, rhomboidal shape. It is difficult to quantify the shape of the ADL in a way that allows comparison to other taxa but for this paper we have derived a measure of the angle of the dorsal margin relative to the dorsolateral sensory canal on theADL (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FC33FD78FBE1360A" box="[964,1024,763,786]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C'). OnANSP 20743, the angle formed by lines tracing the dorsal margin and the general trend of the dorsolateral sensory canal is 55°. The overlap zone for the median dorsal plate on the dorsal margin of the ADL is narrow along the anterodorsal margin and wider posteriorly. The ornament on the ADL consists of fine tubercles distributed evenly across the dermal surface. Height and length measurements for the single ADL are presented in Appendix 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD6FCEDFB9AFA973358" blockId="3.[794,1422,1049,1600]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FCEDFB9AFB413129" bold="true" box="[794,1184,1049,1073]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">PDL (posterior dorsolateral plate)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FB59FB9AFAC43128" box="[1198,1317,1049,1072]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 2D,E</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FAD8FB9AFAB03128" box="[1327,1361,1049,1072]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[121,159,1924,1945]" captionTargetBox="[131,731,1257,1899]" captionTargetId="figure-35@5.[121,762,1247,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Reconstructed lateral and median dorsal plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica (PL not known). A, MD; B, PDL; C, ADL; D, AL. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The PDL is known from ten specimens (5 complete and 5 partial). The overlap area for the MD reaches the caudal margin at the tip of a pronounced posterodorsal projection. The dorsolateral sensory canal comes to a rounded apex slightly caudal to the centre of the element where its path bends at 90°. The ornamentation on the lateral surface of the PDL consists of rows of fine tubercles radiating from the bend in the sensory canal toward the edges. The medial surface of the PDL (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FC01FAA2FBA93020" box="[1014,1096,1313,1336]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
) has a central, thickened zone extending from the centre of the ventral margin to the symphysial area where the left and right sides of the trunk shield met beneath the median dorsal plate. The angle formed by this symphysial surface and the body of the PDL is about 35° suggesting that the two sides of the trunk diverged at an angle of 70° from beneath the MD (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FAC9FA52FA9E30F0" box="[1342,1407,1489,1512]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[121,156,820,841]" captionTargetBox="[188,681,151,781]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[188,681,151,781]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Schematic cross-section of the dorsolateral and dorsal trunk shield of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica determined by the angle of internal symphysis of the PDL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685477/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The height of the symphysial surface is about 30% of the total height of the PDL. Height and length measurements for the five complete PDL plates are presented in Appendix 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436703FFD0FCEDF9DEFE1636D1" blockId="3.[794,1422,1629,2005]" lastBlockId="5.[121,503,946,969]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516703FFD6FCEDF9DEFBAC336D" bold="true" box="[794,1101,1629,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">AL (anterior lateral plate)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FBA8F9DDFB37336D" box="[1119,1238,1630,1653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Figs. 2F,G</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FB13F9DDFAE8336D" box="[1252,1289,1630,1653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[121,159,1924,1945]" captionTargetBox="[131,731,1257,1899]" captionTargetId="figure-35@5.[121,762,1247,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Reconstructed lateral and median dorsal plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica (PL not known). A, MD; B, PDL; C, ADL; D, AL. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The AL is known from nine specimens (4 complete and 5 partial). The shape is rhomboidal with the length about twice the height. The caudal margin is concave, and the cranial margin slopes to a point ventrally. The lateral surface has a raised crest that slopes upward from the anteroventral tip and bifurcates slightly cranial to the centre of the element, forming two raised crests that diverge toward the caudal margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FC82F8CBFC263247" box="[885,967,1864,1887]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ornamentation on the lateral surface consists of fine tubercles randomly distributed and fine ridges near the ventral margin. The medial surface is smooth with contours mimicking the lateral surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66703FFD6FAD3F823FA6332AF" box="[1316,1410,1952,1975]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Height and length measurements for the three complete AL plates are presented in Appendix 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="52CFFCCB6704FFD1FF51F8E9FB8E32D7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" startId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" targetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436704FFD1FF51F8E9FB8E32D7" blockId="4.[166,1467,1898,1999]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FF51F8E9FF3F3267" bold="true" box="[166,222,1898,1919]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Fig. 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Trunk plates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06704FFD1FE8CF8E9FD403267" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[379,673,1898,1919]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FE8CF8E9FD403267" box="[379,673,1898,1919]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Median dorsal plates (MD):
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FC41F8E9FC243267" box="[950,965,1898,1919]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
|
||
, ANSP 20753;
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FBA1F8E9FB853267" box="[1110,1124,1898,1919]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">B</emphasis>
|
||
, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL):
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FEDEF806FED83282" box="[297,313,1925,1946]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">C</emphasis>
|
||
, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect;
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FDA4F806FD893282" box="[595,616,1925,1946]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">C'</emphasis>
|
||
, method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of the ADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FEDBF81CFEDC32AC" box="[300,317,1951,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">D</emphasis>
|
||
, ANSP 20725, lateral aspect;
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FDAEF81CFD8932AC" box="[601,616,1951,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">E</emphasis>
|
||
, ANSP 20700, medial aspect. Anterior lateral plates (AL):
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FB61F81CFB4432AC" box="[1174,1189,1951,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">F</emphasis>
|
||
, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect;
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516704FFD1FF51F839FF5632D7" box="[166,183,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="49">G</emphasis>
|
||
, ANSP 20727, medial aspect. All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="52CFFCCB6705FFD0FF8EFCB7FE233667" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685477" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4685477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685477/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" startId="5.[121,156,820,841]" targetBox="[188,681,151,781]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436705FFD0FF8EFCB7FE233667" blockId="5.[121,749,820,895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FF8EFCB7FF503651" bold="true" box="[121,177,820,841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Fig. 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Schematic cross-section of the dorsolateral and dorsal trunk shield of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FF25FCCCFE1E367C" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[210,511,847,868]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FF25FCCCFE1E367C" box="[210,511,847,868]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
determined by the angle of internal symphysis of the PDL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436705FFD0FF8EFC65FA6C3478" blockId="5.[121,749,998,1227]" lastBlockId="5.[794,1422,153,352]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FF8EFC65FE4036E6" bold="true" box="[121,417,998,1022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">MD (median dorsal plate)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66705FFD0FE46FC65FDCB36E5" box="[433,554,998,1021]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Figs. 2A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66705FFD0FDC2FC65FDBB36E5" box="[565,602,998,1021]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[121,159,1924,1945]" captionTargetBox="[131,731,1257,1899]" captionTargetId="figure-35@5.[121,762,1247,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Reconstructed lateral and median dorsal plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica (PL not known). A, MD; B, PDL; C, ADL; D, AL. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685479/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The median dorsal plate of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FEC6FB87FE1D3103" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[305,508,1028,1051]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FEC6FB87FE1D3103" box="[305,508,1028,1051]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">G. pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from five specimens (3 complete and 2 partial). The general shape of the MD is long and low with a height to length ratio (using the measuring method shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66705FFD0FE2FFBDFFDC4316B" box="[472,549,1116,1139]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[250,286,178,199]" captionText="Fig. 10. Graph of height vs. anterior-posterior length for sample of" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
) of about 0.5. The blunt apex of the MD makes an 80° to 90° angle midway along the total length of the element. The anteroventral projection of the MD, where it overlaps the ADL, is long and narrow. Ornamentation of coarse tubercles is found along the anterodorsal margin and covers the posteroventral area of the element, with the largest elements of ornament along the posterodorsal margin. Ornamentation of fine striations radiating from the apex to the ventral margin covers the rest of the MD. Height and length measurements for the 3 complete MD plates are presented in Appendix 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436705FFD0FCEDFEFFFA643101" blockId="5.[794,1422,380,1049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FCEDFEFFFC25348C" bold="true" box="[794,964,380,404]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Ventral Trunk</emphasis>
|
||
. It is worth mentioning two incomplete ventral trunk elements here because they are the only examples of such material encountered. These specimens are judged to belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FBEEFE56FB3534F4" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[1049,1236,469,492]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FBEEFE56FB3534F4" box="[1049,1236,469,492]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">G. pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because they are significantly larger and morphologically distinct from material described later in this paper as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FB4AFD8CFA67373E" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[1213,1414,527,550]" family="Groenlandaspididae" genus="Turrisaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elektor">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FB4AFD8CFA67373E" box="[1213,1414,527,550]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Turrisaspis elektor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. ANSP 21324 is a partial left AVL (anterior ventrolateral plate) with a length of at least
|
||
<quantity id="C14801A66705FFD0FBA0FDC9FB403779" box="[1111,1185,586,609]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
|
||
and a width of
|
||
<quantity id="C14801A66705FFD0FAB5FDC9FA6B3779" box="[1346,1418,586,609]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="38.0">38mm</quantity>
|
||
. The dermal surface is smooth except for a few scattered small tubercles near the centre of the plate, fine ridges along the posterolateral margin, and finely-reticulate ornament in the V-shaped depression in the posterolateral quadrant. ANSP 21288 is a partial right PVL (posterior ventrolateral plate) with a total length of at least
|
||
<quantity id="C14801A66705FFD0FB79FD79FB393609" box="[1166,1240,762,785]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="53.0">53 mm</quantity>
|
||
and a width of at least
|
||
<quantity id="C14801A66705FFD0FCA5FC94FC7B3636" box="[850,922,791,814]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="42.0">42mm</quantity>
|
||
. Along the posterior half of the medial margin is a distinct overlap zone for the left PVL. Ornamentation of tubercles is well developed posteriorly, with the largest tubercles along the ridge where the lateral flange of the PVL angles dorsally. The tubercular ornament thins anteriorly to a smooth surface with only scattered tubercles. The aforementioned specimens,ANSP 21324 (AVL) and ANSP 21288 (PVL), occur in close proximity (
|
||
<quantity id="C14801A66705FFD0FB44FC66FB1136E4" box="[1203,1264,997,1020]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
) to one another on the same matrix block, but their association is uncertain.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436705FFD0FCC8FBBEFA88314D" blockId="5.[831,1385,1085,1109]" box="[831,1385,1085,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FCC8FBBEFA88314D" bold="true" box="[831,1385,1085,1109]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Comparison to other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FB44FBBEFA88314D" authorityName="Heintz" authorityYear="1932" box="[1203,1385,1085,1109]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FB44FBBEFA88314D" bold="true" box="[1203,1385,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436705FFD0FCEDFBF2FAE43233" blockId="5.[794,1422,1137,2011]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
The elements of the trunk shield of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FB22FBF1FC5531BE" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FB22FBF1FC5531BE" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66705FFD0FC34FB0CFBF131BE" box="[963,1040,1167,1190]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66705FFD0FBEBFB0CFBCB31BE" box="[1052,1066,1167,1190]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[121,159,1924,1945]" captionTargetBox="[131,731,1257,1899]" captionTargetId="figure-35@5.[121,762,1247,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Reconstructed lateral and median dorsal plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica (PL not known). A, MD; B, PDL; C, ADL; D, AL. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685479/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">4</figureCitation>
|
||
) are similar to those of the welldocumented taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FC03FB2FFAC331DB" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1975" box="[1012,1314,1196,1219]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FC03FB2FFAC331DB" box="[1012,1314,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6221D1B26705FFD0FAC3FB2FFCB031F8" author="Ritchie, A" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="569 - 573" refId="ref10163" refString="Ritchie, A., 1975. Groenlandaspis in Antarctica, Australia and Europe. Nature 254: 569 - 573." type="journal article" year="1975">Ritchie, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 2;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6221D1B26705FFD0FC6DFB4AFBD231F8" author="Denison, R" box="[922,1075,1225,1248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref9467" refString="Denison, R., 1978. Placodermi. In Handbook of Paleoichthyology, 2, ed. H. - P. Schultze, pp. 1 - 128. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag." type="book chapter" year="1978">Denison, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 44A–C).There are, however, some morphological features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FB89FB64FC833003" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FB89FB64FC833003" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that justify its status as a distinct species. The ADL of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FCCEFAA1FB663021" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[825,1159,1314,1337]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FCCEFAA1FB663021" box="[825,1159,1314,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a more narrow and tall shape with a steeper dorsal margin than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FB14FABCFC69306B" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1975" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FB14FABCFC69306B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The angle of the dorsal margin of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FAE7FADFFC233089" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1975" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FAE7FADFFC233089" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, measured from published illustrations with the method shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66705FFD0FBF5FA14FBA330B6" box="[1026,1090,1431,1454]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[166,201,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[236,1376,164,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[226,1468,151,1882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Trunk plates of Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica. Median dorsal plates (MD):A,ANSP 20753; B, ANSP 20755.Anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL): C, ANSP 20743 lateral aspect; C', method for measuring the angle of the dorsal margin of theADL. Posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL):D,ANSP 20725, lateral aspect; E, ANSP 20700, medial aspect.Anterior lateral plates (AL): F, ANSP 20940, lateral aspect; G, ANSP 20727, medial aspect.All specimens whitened with ammonium chloride. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685473/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C', is 42°, as opposed to 55° in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FCEDFA37FB8A30D3" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[794,1131,1460,1483]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FCEDFA37FB8A30D3" box="[794,1131,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This comparison is only tentative because of very limited sample size (n=1) for each taxon. The ornament on the lateral trunk elements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FCEDF98FFB8A333B" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[794,1131,1548,1571]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FCEDF98FFB8A333B" box="[794,1131,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
consists of fine tubercles that are evenly distributed or in some areas, particularly the PDL, arranged in rows, forming fine ridges. The MD of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FCEDF9E7FB843363" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[794,1125,1636,1659]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FCEDF9E7FB843363" box="[794,1125,1636,1659]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the same general shape as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FCCEF901FBBA3381" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1975" box="[825,1115,1666,1689]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FCCEF901FBBA3381" box="[825,1115,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but details of the ornament such as fine ridges radiating from the apex, and a narrow anteroventral projection, are distinct. Aside from the morphological differences, the early Frasnian age and Gondwanan occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FBCCF974FABA3216" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1975" box="[1083,1371,1783,1806]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FBCCF974FABA3216" box="[1083,1371,1783,1806]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also suggest that the two taxa are not conspecific.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436705FFD3FCCFF8B2FE7A34CD" blockId="5.[794,1422,1137,2011]" lastBlockId="6.[166,795,153,704]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Comparisons to the Late Devonian Euramerican forms
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FCEDF8CCFC47327E" authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1891" box="[794,934,1871,1894]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="disjectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FCEDF8CCFC47327E" box="[794,934,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">G. disjectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FC11F8CCFB94327E" authorityName="Heintz" authorityYear="1932" box="[998,1141,1871,1894]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FC11F8CCFB94327E" box="[998,1141,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">G. mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are confounded by the incomplete nature of those taxa. The PDL is known from many groenlandaspidids, however, and can provide informative comparisons among most of the groenlandaspidid taxa.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66705FFD0FC58F847FBED32C3" box="[943,1036,1988,2011]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[166,202,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[188,1447,1282,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-257@6.[170,1467,1277,1916]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5. Comparison of posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL) from groenlandaspidids. A, Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica n.sp.; B, G. antarctica; C, G. disjectus; D, G. mirabilis; E, G. seni; F, G. riniensis; G, Boomeraspis goujeti; H, Tiaraspis subtilis; I, Africanaspis doryssa; J, Turrisaspis elektor n.gen. and n.sp. Scale bar = 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685483/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
provides a comparison of the size and shape of groenlandaspidid PDLs re-drawn from published accounts. As mentioned above, the PDL of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06706FFD3FCF7FF35FEA335F3" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516706FFD3FCF7FF35FEA335F3" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">G. pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar in shape to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06706FFD3FD73FF57FCFB35F3" authorityName="Ritchie" authorityYear="1975" box="[644,794,212,235]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516706FFD3FD73FF57FCFB35F3" box="[644,794,212,235]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">G. antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66706FFD3FF59FF72FEE33410" box="[174,258,241,264]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[166,202,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[188,1447,1282,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-257@6.[170,1467,1277,1916]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5. Comparison of posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL) from groenlandaspidids. A, Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica n.sp.; B, G. antarctica; C, G. disjectus; D, G. mirabilis; E, G. seni; F, G. riniensis; G, Boomeraspis goujeti; H, Tiaraspis subtilis; I, Africanaspis doryssa; J, Turrisaspis elektor n.gen. and n.sp. Scale bar = 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685483/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but distinctive ornament characterizes each. The PDL of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06706FFD3FEF7FE8DFE63343D" authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1891" box="[256,386,270,293]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="disjectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516706FFD3FEF7FE8DFE63343D" box="[256,386,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">G. disjectus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66706FFD3FE65FE8DFE07343D" box="[402,486,270,293]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[166,202,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[188,1447,1282,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-257@6.[170,1467,1277,1916]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5. Comparison of posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL) from groenlandaspidids. A, Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica n.sp.; B, G. antarctica; C, G. disjectus; D, G. mirabilis; E, G. seni; F, G. riniensis; G, Boomeraspis goujeti; H, Tiaraspis subtilis; I, Africanaspis doryssa; J, Turrisaspis elektor n.gen. and n.sp. Scale bar = 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685483/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06706FFD3FDD0FE8DFD4B343D" authorityName="Heintz" authorityYear="1932" box="[551,682,270,293]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516706FFD3FDD0FE8DFD4B343D" box="[551,682,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">G. mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66706FFD3FD4BFE8DFCF3343D" box="[700,786,270,293]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[166,202,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[188,1447,1282,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-257@6.[170,1467,1277,1916]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5. Comparison of posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL) from groenlandaspidids. A, Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica n.sp.; B, G. antarctica; C, G. disjectus; D, G. mirabilis; E, G. seni; F, G. riniensis; G, Boomeraspis goujeti; H, Tiaraspis subtilis; I, Africanaspis doryssa; J, Turrisaspis elektor n.gen. and n.sp. Scale bar = 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685483/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
) have different shapes than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06706FFD3FE2BFEAFFD7F345B" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[476,670,300,323]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516706FFD3FE2BFEAFFD7F345B" box="[476,670,300,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">G. pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66706FFD3FD46FEA8FCEC345A" box="[689,781,299,322]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[166,202,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[188,1447,1282,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-257@6.[170,1467,1277,1916]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5. Comparison of posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL) from groenlandaspidids. A, Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica n.sp.; B, G. antarctica; C, G. disjectus; D, G. mirabilis; E, G. seni; F, G. riniensis; G, Boomeraspis goujeti; H, Tiaraspis subtilis; I, Africanaspis doryssa; J, Turrisaspis elektor n.gen. and n.sp. Scale bar = 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685483/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
), particularly in the dorsal margin and posterodorsal projection. The PDLs of other groenlandaspidid taxa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E8BB0C66706FFD3FD19FEE5FF303482" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[166,202,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[188,1447,1282,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-257@6.[170,1467,1277,1916]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 5. Comparison of posterior dorsolateral plates (PDL) from groenlandaspidids. A, Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica n.sp.; B, G. antarctica; C, G. disjectus; D, G. mirabilis; E, G. seni; F, G. riniensis; G, Boomeraspis goujeti; H, Tiaraspis subtilis; I, Africanaspis doryssa; J, Turrisaspis elektor n.gen. and n.sp. Scale bar = 2 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685483/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Fig. 5E–J</figureCitation>
|
||
) are very different in shape from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06706FFD3FDA1FE07FCF23483" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[598,787,388,411]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516706FFD3FDA1FE07FCF23483" box="[598,787,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">G. pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Such a comparison does not illustrate the variation found within any of the taxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="52CFFCCB6705FFD0FF8EF807FE2532D7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4685479" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4685479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4685479/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" startId="5.[121,159,1924,1945]" targetBox="[131,731,1257,1899]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436705FFD0FF8EF807FE2532D7" blockId="5.[121,749,1924,1999]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FF8EF807FF5A3281" bold="true" box="[121,187,1924,1945]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Fig. 4</emphasis>
|
||
. Reconstructed lateral and median dorsal plates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06705FFD0FF8EF81CFE4732AC" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[121,422,1951,1972]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FF8EF81CFE4732AC" box="[121,422,1951,1972]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PL not known).
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FDB8F81CFDBF32AC" box="[591,606,1951,1972]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">A</emphasis>
|
||
, MD;
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FD6AF81CFD4D32AC" box="[669,684,1951,1972]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">B</emphasis>
|
||
, PDL;
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FF8EF839FF6832D7" box="[121,137,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">C</emphasis>
|
||
, ADL;
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516705FFD0FF25F839FF0232D7" box="[210,227,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">D</emphasis>
|
||
, AL. Scale bar = 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="060FAC436706FFD3FF33FE5FFD8C37D8" blockId="6.[166,795,153,704]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06706FFD3FF33FE5FFDF734EB" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[196,534,476,499]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516706FFD3FF33FE5FFDF734EB" box="[196,534,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Groenlandaspis pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is rare at the Red Hill site, known only from the aforementioned 27 isolated trunk plates. Smaller groenlandaspidid material with morphologies distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1B0D7C06706FFD3FE9FFDB7FDC33753" authorityName="Daeschler & Frumes & Mullison" authorityYear="2003" box="[360,546,564,587]" class="Placodermi" family="Holonematidae" genus="Groenlandaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arthrodira" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennsylvanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C470516706FFD3FE9FFDB7FDC33753" box="[360,546,564,587]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">G. pennsylvanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in the same 2- meter-thick fossiliferous zone and is much more abundant. This smaller material is described below from 81 complete isolated trunk plates, 10 measurable head shields, and five partially articulated ventral trunk shields.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |